Centralization and decentralization
[PDF File] Centralization versus decentralization: what’s right for you?
http://5y1.org/file/21686/centralization-versus-decentralization-what-s-right-for-you.pdf
CENTRALIZATION VERSUS DECENTRALIZATION Leaders choose to centralize or decentralize their organizations for a variety of reasons, and certain benefits are associated with both centralized and decentralized models (figure 2).
[PDF File] World Bank Document
http://5y1.org/file/21686/world-bank-document.pdf
Decentralization Can Undermine Efficiency The case for centralization is usually based on efficiency. The argument provided by the theory of fiscal federalism is that the inhabitants of the dif-ferent jurisdictions have different tastes: in local government A, people pre-fer recreation, but in local government B, they prefer education.
[PDF File] 01_USJ512877 2487..2502 - ResearchGate
http://5y1.org/file/21686/01-usj512877-2487-2502-researchgate.pdf
Centralization, decentralization and welfare Over the past three decades, countries around the world have substantially reformed the relations between the central (state) govern-ment and local ...
[PDF File] Microsoft Word - PaperJuly_30.doc
http://5y1.org/file/21686/microsoft-word-paperjuly-30-doc.pdf
Using data from up to 95 countries for 25 years, we show that the effect of decentralization on economic growth, quality of government, and public goods provision strongly depends on two aspects of political centralization: 1) strength of national party system (measured by the age of the main parties and fractionalization of the government ...
[PDF File] To Survive, Decentralize!: The Barbarian Threat and State …
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C harles Tilly’s pithy phrase that ‘‘war made the state, and the state made war,’’ succinctly describes the rise of the modern nation-state.1The needs of modern, industrialized war drove the formation of the modern state. To survive, states had to embark on a gradual centralization of fiscal administration and of military force, resulting in the preeminence …
[PDF File] Decentralization in the Philippines: An Overview
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Decentralization as a concept has two features: political and administrative. While political decentralization involves devolution of powers, administrative decentralization focuses on deconcentration of[unctions. Present trends seem to indicate the, recognition of the regional level, not simply as an operational level for administrative decentraliza tion, but asa …
[PDF File] Empirical Studies of an Approach to Decentralization: …
http://5y1.org/file/21686/empirical-studies-of-an-approach-to-decentralization.pdf
The author’s 1998 article on decentralization focused on the element of choice as the major issue of decentralization – granting authority and responsibility for choice to administrative and elected officials at peripheral levels of organizations and governments – and introduced the concept of “decision space” to describe the range of choice allowed to local …
[PDF File] Decentralization, deconcentration and devolution: what do …
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Decentralization. “Decentralisation is usually referred to as the transfer of powers from central government to lower levels in a political-administrative and territorial hierarchy (Crook and Manor 1998, Agrawal and Ribot 1999). This official power transfer can take two main forms. Administrative decentralisation, also known as ...
[PDF File] Centralization and Decentralization in American Education …
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Massachusetts Institute of Technology. This issue examines the trend toward centralization in American education policy over the last century through a variety of lenses. The overall picture that emerges is one of a continuous. tug-of-war, with national and local policymakers stumbling together toward incrementally more.
[PDF File] Springer MRW: [AU:0, IDX:0]
http://5y1.org/file/21686/springer-mrw-au-0-idx-0.pdf
Definition Centralization is the method and approach of administration that manages all services and power from the center. This requires the unifica-tion of control and activities under a state author-ity. Decentralization, on the other hand, is a method and approach by which powers and responsibilities are transferred to units away from the center. It is the …
[PDF File] The Nature of the Afghan State: Centralization vs.
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Decentralization discussions may cross typical political divides, with the Taliban and current government elites agreeing on the need for centralization but disagreeing on who controls the center and a range of minorities and local powerholders favoring greater autonomy.
[PDF File] Comparative Federalism and Decentralization: On Meaning …
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Decentralization is often viewed as a shift of authority towards local governments and away from central governments, with total government authority over society and economy imagined as fixed. Attempts to define and measure decentralization have focused primarily on fiscal and to a lesser extent policy and political authority.
[PDF File] Centralization and Decentralization in Mainland China's …
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such as the rural communes, have also involved important elements of decentralization.2 The significance of Mainland China's experience in this field. lies, first of all, in the fact that since 1949 the Communists have made vigorous efforts to achieve a breakthrough not only in industry but in agriculture as well.
[PDF File] Defining and Measuring Decentralization: A Global Perspective
http://5y1.org/file/21686/defining-and-measuring-decentralization-a-global-perspective.pdf
Defining and Measuring Decentralization: A Global Perspective. As scores of countries have introduced plans to devolve powers and resources from central to subnational governments in recent decades, the causes and consequences of political decentralization have caught the interest of political economists. This paper attempts to provide some ...
[PDF File] Striking a Balance between Centralized and Decentralized …
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. Given the right strike of balance between centralized and decentralized decision-making, schools would attain a robust per ormance. According to Hawkins (2000), centralization and decentralization are not ending in themselves, but are only means to …
[PDF File] From Government Decentralization to Decentralized Governance
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Decentralization was defined as the transfer of authority, responsibility, and resources—through deconcentration, delegation, or devolution—from the center to lower levels of administration.1 ...
[PDF File] Some Critical Issues in Government Centralization and …
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The decentralization will also have an impact on narrow functional and professional views of the policies and programs within government. departments and agencies would be strengthened in the field to the disadvantage of all elected Values and Governmental Structure officials, whether in Washington, the states, or.
[PDF File] To Centralize or Not to Centralize - McKinsey & Company
http://5y1.org/file/21686/to-centralize-or-not-to-centralize-mckinsey-company.pdf
solv- ing centralization decisions. In its absence, many managers fall back on benchmarks, politics, fashion— sometimes centralization is in vogue and sometimes decentralization is— or instinct. One head of IT, for example, explained that in his expe- rience the lowest-cost so ution was always decentraliz
[PDF File] The Impact of Decentralization: Issues in Theory and …
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The Causes and Basic Theory of Decentralization C ountries begin decentralization processes for different reasons. Some are searching for a more efficient—and leaner—public sector, while others are disenchanted with the performance of planning and centralized policies (e.g., socialist economies).
[PDF File] DECENTRALIZATION: DEFINITIONS, THEORIES AND DEBATE
http://5y1.org/file/21686/decentralization-definitions-theories-and-debate.pdf
In its most general term, decentralization refers to the transfer of authority from a central government to a sub-national entity. But beyond this general defmition, the process of decentralization is a complex undertaking, taking on different meanings in different contexts and according to the desires and plans of those in charge of its design and …
[PDF File] Microsoft Word - DecentralizationDevelopingEconomies_wp
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Standard models of fiscal federalism suggest many benefits of decentralization in developing economies, and there has been a recent push toward decentralization around the world. However, developing countries presently still have less decentralization, particularly on the revenue side, than both developed countries today and the United …
[PDF File] On the Concept and Possibility of Informational Decentralization
http://5y1.org/file/21686/on-the-concept-and-possibility-of-informational-decentralization.pdf
decentralizatioin as against centralization is not new. It entered the eighteenth century debate concerning laissez faire versus state-imposed restrictions, as well as the nineteenth century controversies concerning the feasibility and desirability of socialism. Typically, however, the dis- cussion was carried on with focus on con- cepts other than the degree …
[PDF File] Decentralisation in Uganda
http://5y1.org/file/21686/decentralisation-in-uganda.pdf
6.2.1 The Rationale for Decentralization 13 6.2.2 Powers Decentralized to Local Governments 14 6.3 Legal and political reforms 14 6.4 Public Service Reforms 15 6.5 Fiscal Decentralisation Reforms 15 7.0 FINDINGS 17 7.1 Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices on Decentralisation 17 7.2. The Decentralisation Policy in Uganda: Key Dividends 21
[PDF File] CENTRALIZATIONAND DECENTRALIZATION - JSTOR
http://5y1.org/file/21686/centralizationand-decentralization-jstor.pdf
oward governmental centralization. State and local governments continue to play vital roles in politics, policy making, and policy implementation in the United States, but the balance of power and resources has shifted toward Washington in many areas of public policy. Masked within this long-term trend, however, have been shorter-term cycles of political …
[PDF File] Centralization and Decentralization in Economic Organizations
http://5y1.org/file/21686/centralization-and-decentralization-in-economic-organizations.pdf
The preference for decentralization in the classic debates about planned production in a socialist economy has appeared more recently in the context of an organization that maximizes, subject to constraints, a scalar-valued function of its decisions. This article seeks a basis for the preference. A class of schemes for organizational decision-making …
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