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[DOC File]University of Pittsburgh
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Distance ties may be made with either an electronic Distance Measuring Instrument (EDM) (rated with an internal uncertainty of no more than 0.003 m and scale of no more than 2 parts-per-million (ppm)) or a surveyor’s tape that has been checked against a standard …
distance between two geodetic points

[DOC File]Lecture: Geodetic Coordinate Systems
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Polar Distance. Zenith. Latitude. Co-latitude. Zenith Angle. PZS triangle. Sidereal Hour Angle. West Longitude. Sine Law of Spherical Trig. Cosine Law of Spherical Trig. Greenwich Hour Angle of the Star. Local Hour Angle of the Star – t. ... Lecture: Geodetic Coordinate Systems ...
geodetic conversion calculator

[DOC File]Part 4: Geodetic Control
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In this paper, World Geodetic System (WGS) 1984 is used as its geodetic datum and the algorithms of Bessel’s direct and inverse problems for the solution of geodetic problem (Karney 2013) are introduced to guarantee the computation precision in long and medium geodesic distance application in order to make the spatial analysis globally possible.
geodetic coordinates

[DOC File]Accurate Geographical Distance Field Generation on the ...
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Calculate side opposite the t angle – Zenith Distance -- apply cosine law to PZS triangle, knowing t, polar distance, co-latitude. Calculate the star's azimuth angle Z -- apply sine law, knowing t, ZD, and polar distance. ... Lecture: Geodetic Coordinate Systems ...
geodesic vs planar distance

[DOC File]Lecture: Geodetic Coordinate Systems
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The first EDM instrument, called the Geodimeter (an acronym for geodetic distance meter) was introduced in 1948, used visible light and could measure distances up to 40 km. The second EDM instrument, called the tellurometer, was introduced in 1957, used microwaves and was capable of measuring distances up to 80 km, day or night.
distance to the surface of an ellipsoid

Geodesic Distance - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics
Dec 01, 2013 · Geodetic distance behaves well for wide areas of coverage, and takes the earth's curvature into account.” However, this geodetic distance measurement using any reference ellipsoid, does not take into account the changes in elevation between two points. Consider two cities (A and B) separated by a mountain range as shown in Figure 1.
geodesic vs planar

[DOC File]GE 282 Large Scale Surveying Lecture Notes
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The average geodetic distance (DistBetweenNodes) between two nodes for all adjacent nodes is a value that is also considered when determining connectivity. Figure 5: Conceptual Triangle & Angle of Consideration. 3.6.2 Connectivity Categories & Logical Operations.
geodetic vs geodesic

[DOCX File]Online Geospatial Education Program Office
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Name Definition ellipsoidal Distance of a point from the ellipsoid measured along the perpendicular from the ellipsoid to this point orthometric Distance measured along the plumb line between the geoid and a point on the Earth’s surface, taken positive upward from the geoid [adapted from the National Geodetic …
geodetic distance calculator

Geodetic distance