State constitutions and local charges

    • [PDF File]Guided Reading Activity - SOCIAL SCIENCES

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      Lesson 4 State Constitutions and Local Charters Review Questions Directions: Read the lesson and complete the outline below. Refer to your textbook to fill in the blanks. I. The Structures of State Governments A. Like the national government, every state constitution provides for among three branches of government: legislative, executive, and ...

    • Police-Community Relations Toolkit: Policing 101

      by the U.S. Constitution, state constitutions, and the many court decisions that have defined in greater detail what the text of the Constitution means in terms of the everyday practices of policing.2 “What we need to understand is that “constitutional policing” is both foundational and aspirational for the police.

    • [PDF File]Protecting Local Authority in State Constitutions and Challenging ...

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      950 University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform [Vol. 52:4 I. LOCAL AUTONOMY AND ITS CHALLENGES Within the structure of American government, localities are seen both as creatures of the state4 and as independent governing entities.5 There are benefits and disadvantages to each outlook. State legislatures may have more expertise to analyze issues and

    • [PDF File]What Is a Constitution? Principles and Concepts

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      The vast majority of contemporary constitutions describe the basic principles of the state, the structures and processes of government and the fundamental rights of citizens in a higher law that cannot be unilaterally changed by an ordinary legislative act. This higher law is usually referred to as a constitution.

    • [PDF File]STATE FIscAL CONSTITUTIONS: A MODEST PROPOSAL - Rutgers Law Review

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      For example, many state constitutions provide that if a local government imposes a fee that is more than a "reasonable" amount, then the fee is really a tax, and taxes are subject to special limitations.1 We understand the gist of these provisions' concerns. If my city charges me an enormous amount for

    • [PDF File]Q61 Introduction to Federalism and State Constitutions

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      state governments. State constitutions, and especially state bills of rights are the principal ways in which communities limit state government and protect citizens’ individual rights, carefully specifying what states can and cannot do. This is why state constitutions are much longer than the U.S. federal constitution.

    • [PDF File]The Governance of Land Use - OECD

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      First, state constitutions determine the delegation of powers to the local governments, and states also pass the framework legislation that defines the tools that local governments can use for land-use planning and control. Second, they specify how local governments can finance themselves.

    • [PDF File]Lesson 4 State Constitutions and Local Charters

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      State constitutions are supreme within the state, but they are not the final authority. Under the power of national supremacy, if a federal court decides that a state constitutional amendment conflicts with the U.S. Constitution, that amendment must be removed from the state’s constitution. A charter, issued by the state government, grants legal

    • Education and the State Constitutions: Alternatives for Suspended and ...

      constitutions.' State constitutions provide an alternative for plaintiffs seeking to enforce civil rights that either have not been recognized or have been narrowly interpreted by the federal judicial system.2 In the area of education, state constitutions may be the most important source of protection for expelled and suspended students.

    • The Law of American State Constitutions - JSTOR

      Professor Williams starts and finishes with the proposition that state constitutions are fundamentally different from the U.S. Constitution his torically, politically and textually. Many state constitutions predate the federal Constitution, and Williams proves they provided a springboard for the discussions in Philadelphia in 1787.

    • [PDF File]C. The Constitution of the United States teaching a unit on the ...

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      These state constitutions and the laws that the individual states have passed or ... defendant to be told the charges against him/her, have witnesses testify on his/her behalf, and have an attorney. ... protection district. In all, 17.7 million people worked for state and local govern-mental units in 2001, and that number has been rising since ...

    • [PDF File]State Constitutions: Freedom’s Frontier - Cato Institute

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      State constitutions, like the national constitution, were intended to protect individual rights and restrain government power. Their po-tential to do so is vast and largely unrealized, yet hardly ...

    • State Constitutions in the Federal System - JSTOR

      The relevance of state constitutions can be highlighted comparatively. For example, the U.S. Constitution contains no debt limits or balanced-budget require-ment, while 25 state constitutions limit full faith and credit debt, and 34 state constitutions have balanced-budget re-quirements that indirectly control debt. During the years 1960-85 ...

    • [PDF File]State Constitutions and Fiscal Policy - Mercatus Center

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      State constitutions typically include a preamble; a bill of rights; a set of arti - cles delineating the structure and authority of each branch of government; and a set of articles for education, public finance, local governments, and so on. 12 Impor - tant fiscal policy provisions of state constitutions appear throughout the docu-

    • The Role of State Constitutions in an Era of Big Government

      The Role of State Constitutions in an Era of Big Government ... and theState and Local Government Law Commons This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Law School Journals at UR Scholarship Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in ... even any charges. In Yugoslavia, in one province 180 ethnic Alba-1.

    • [PDF File]Legal Meaning of Oath of Office - FINAL-1 - National Sheriffs' Association

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      local public office to pledge allegiance to uphold state and federal constitutions, regardless of whether an Office or Department of Sheriff is created by state statute or by state constitution 4 In the remaining states, it appears the status of a sheriff as a constitutional officer is uncertain and is in active

    • [PDF File]What is a Constitution? Principles and Concepts - IDEA

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      Constitutions can express the identity and values of a national community. As nation-building instruments, constitutions may define the national flag, anthem and other symbols, and may make proclamations about the values, history and identity of the nation. 4. Constitutions can declare and define the rights and duties of citizens.

    • Education Clauses in State Constitutions Across the United States

      Contents 1 Language in Constitutional Education Clauses1 2 Amending Education Clauses in State Constitutions3 3 Constitutional Amendments As Drivers of Change6

    • [PDF File]State Constitutions and Fiscal Policy - University of Rochester

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      State constitutions typically include a preamble; a bill of rights; a set of arti - cles delineating the structure and authority of each branch of government; and a set of articles for education, public finance, local governments, and so on. 12 Impor - tant fiscal policy provisions of state constitutions appear throughout the docu-

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