The framing effect
[PDF File]TOWARD A PSYCHOLOGY OF FRAMING EFFECTS
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FRAMING EFFECT S The heightened interest in frames in both the scholarly and popular litera-ture (see, for example, Leo, 1994/95) conceals a lack of conceptua l clarity and consistency about what exactly frames are and how they influence public opinion (Entman, 1993). …
[PDF File]Studying Framing Effects: Existing Research and Lingering ...
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What Is A Framing Effect? In framing research, a common starting point is to draw a distinction between two different notions of framing: frames in communication and frames in thought (Scheufele 1999, Druckman 2001). Frames in communication refer to the way a speaker uses words, images, elements of an event, etc. to relay information.
[PDF File]The Framing of Decisions and the Psychology of Choice
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The effect of variations in framing is illustrated in problems 1 and 2. Problem 1 [N = 1521: Imagine that the U.S. is preparing for the outbreak of an unusual Asian disease, which is expected to kill 600 people. Two alternative programs to combat the disease have been proposed. Assume that the exact scientific estimate of the con-
On the Limits of Framing Effects: Who Can Frame?
On the Limits of Framing Effects 1045 trayal is not surprising given the paucity of work on limits to framing effects. Virtually no work has sought to document the conditions under which framing does and does not work (however, see note 1). As a result, many see framing effects as evidence of elite manipulation. I take a different perspective.
[PDF File]The framing effect and risky decisions: Examining cognitive ...
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The framing effect and risky decisions: Examining cognitive functions with fMRI Cleotilde Gonzalez a,*,Jason Danaa, Hideya Koshino b,Marcel Justc a Social and Decision Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA b Department ofPsychology, California State University, San Bernardino, CA 92407, USA c Center for Cognitive Brain Imaging, Department of Psychology, …
[PDF File]On the Limits of Framing Effects: Who Can Frame?
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On the Limits of Framing Effects: Who Can Frame? James N+ Druckman University of Minnesota Public opinion often depends on which frames elites choose to use. For example, citizens’ opinions about a Ku Klux Klan rally may depend on whether elites frame it as a free speech issue or a public safety issue.
[PDF File]Using Credible Advice to Overcome Framing Effects
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Using Credible Advice to Overcome Framing Effects James N. Druckman University of Minnesota A framing effect occurs when different, but logically equivalent, words or phrases (e.g., 10% employment or 90% unemployment) cause individuals to alter their decisions. Demonstrations of …
[PDF File]Thinking Fast Increases Framing © The Author(s) 2017 ...
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in the framing effect in hypothetical and real choices (Kühberger, Schulte-Mecklenbeck, & Perner, 2002).1 We were interested in the framing effect that occurs with risky decision making between sure and gamble options. For this experiment, a framing effect would occur when (a) in the gain frame, the decision maker chose the sure option
[PDF File]FRAMING EFFECTS - Psychology
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FRAMING EFFECTS A “framing effect” is usually said to occur when equivalent descriptions of a decision problem lead to systematically different decisions. Framing has been a major topic of research in the psychology of judgment and decision making and is widely
[PDF File]Framing Effects: Dynamics and Task Domains
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framing effects were theoretically defined and empirically identified. Abidirectional framing effect involves a reversal in risk preference, and occurs when a decision maker's risk preference is ambiguous or weak. Four bidirectional effects were observed, in each case a majority of
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