What is a valid argument
[DOC File]Homework 4 - Solutions
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Let D be the set of all discrete mathematics students, T the set of all thoughtful people, and V the set of all people who can tell a valid from an invalid argument. Any one of the following diagrams could represent the given premises. Only in drawing (1) is the conclusion true.
[DOC File]Valid/Invalid Deductive Arguments >>
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The argument “If Laura Bush is president then Laura Bush lives in the White House. Laura Bush isn’t president Thus, Laura Bush doesn’t live in the White House.” is: (a) Valid and Sound (b) Valid and Unsound (c) Invalid
[DOC File]A Brief Introduction to Logic
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–a valid argument with true premises. Therefore, to determine whether an argument is sound, we must answer two questions: (1) Is the argument valid? (2) Are all of the premises true? validity, soundness, and truth— ...
[DOC File]Recognizing Deceptive Arguments
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The ability to distinguish between deceptive and logical reasoning is an essential skill in critically analyzing written and oral arguments. The danger of deceptive arguments comes from their misleading nature, which may cause you to reject a valid opposing argument or embrace an argument that has little rational merit.
[DOC File]Arguing well
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Valid argument: An argument that follows a pattern such that it is impossible for the conclusion to be false if the premises are true. Weak argument: An argument that is not strong because it is ill-formed, has an unreasonable premises, or is defeated.
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For each of the following arguments, state whether a premise or the conclusion is missing, and supply missing premise or conclusion. In each case, assume the argument is deductive, and add the missing element to produce a valid argument. 1. All dictatorships trample on human rights. Therefore, the government of Ruritania tramples on human ...
[DOC File]Vectors and Vector Operations
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A valid argument is an "if-then" statement that is always true. So [(p ( q)p] ( q is an example of a valid argument. Note that [(p ( q)p] ( q has the form (5) U ( V. where U and V are the logical expressions U = (p ( q)p and V = q. If U and V are logical expressions then we say
[DOC File]Definition of an argument
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An argument is . invalid. if and only if it is not valid. Or in other words, to say that an argument is valid is to say that if the premises are true, then the conclusion must also be true. Finally, A . sound. argument is a valid argument in which the premises are all true. In other words, an argument is sound if and only if it is valid and has ...
[DOC File]SI202: Week 1
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This argument has the form. 25. Validity of arguments. An argument is valid iff whenever all the premises are true, then the conclusion is also true. We can’t have a valid argument with true premises and a false conclusion. The truth of a valid argument’s conclusion follows necessarily from the truth of the premises.
[DOC File]David Hume’s Criticisms of the Cosmological Argument
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The essence of the cosmological argument that “Nothing can come from nothing” (Ex nihilo, nihil fit) is founded on two major principles of causal reasoning which can be found in Aquinas’ Cosmological arguments (the first three ways) as well as Copleston’s version of the argument: ... Leibniz and Copleston would argue that it is valid to ...
[DOC File]Reprise on Validity
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A valid argument cannot have premises which are all true and a false conclusion, as the definition of a valid argument is an argument for which there is no possible world in which the premises are all true and the conclusion is false. iv. All arguments with inconsistent premises are valid, as there is no possible world in which the premises are ...
[DOC File]Argument: a set of reasons given in support of a conclusion
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If so, the argument is valid. Notice that a valid argument can have a false conclusion! A valid argument can have false premises. Re-constructing an author’s argument into standard form. In the simplest case, we may need only to re-arrange the propositions of the argument in order to translate it into a standard-form categorical syllogism.
[DOC File]Logic - OpenTextBookStore
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This argument has the exact structure required to use the transitive property, so it is a valid argument. Try it Now 15. Is this argument valid? Premise: If the old lady swallows a fly, she will swallow a spider. Premise: If the old lady swallows a spider, she will swallow a bird. Premise: If the old lady swallows a bird, she will swallow a cat.
[DOC File]STATEMENT, ARGUMENTS, VALIDITY, SOUNDNESS
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This argument is valid (it has the logical form of modus tollens) but its conclusion is false. This is possible because at least one of the premises (in this case (2)) is false. An invalid argument with a true conclusion: (1) If something is a man, then it is mortal.
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