ࡱ> tvs{` /bjbjFF 5Z,,'0000000Dh(h(h(h(,(|DnT))))))))4444G5pDpS$ZUhWT00))00T00))(Tn4n4n400)0)4n404n4n400n4)) cAvh(1n44,>T0nTn4lXd3lXn4lX0n4,)*Xn4V,j-v)))TTX4)))nT0000DDD$$h(DDDh(DDD000000 PHIL 21: HISTORY OF EARLY MODERN PHILOSOPHY FALL 2005 SECTION 01 MWF 11:00-11:50 DH-208 PROF. THOMAS PYNE MND-3030 278-7288 E-mail pynetf@csus.edu PHILOSOPHY DEPARTMENT MND-3032 278-6424 FAX 278-5364 OFFICE HOURS: MW 3:00-4:00; By Appt. CATALOGUE DESCRIPTION Examines the major developments in Western philosophy after the Middle Ages, with emphasis on the period from Descartes to Kant. Attenton will be paid to the general historical and cultural setting witin which the philosophical theories developed. 3 units. Satisfies General Education Area C1: World Civilizations OBJECTIVES: - To provide a systematic introductory acquaintance with the philosophy and intellectual history of the ?Early Modern? Period: roughly, the years between 1600 and 1800. - To explain how the ?crisis of rationality? which characterized that period can be seen to arise from developments that really began several centuries before. - To show how the responses to this crisis provided by the philosophers Descartes, Hobbes, Leibniz, Locke, Berkeley, Hume, and Kant formed not only the thought of our own time, but our institutions as well. - To display, by contrast with what went before, what exactly makes the ?Modern Age? modern ? and what might have happened instead! TEXT: Walter Kaufmann & Forrest E. Baird. Modern Philosophy. 2nd Edition. Prentice-Hall (Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, 1997). REQUIREMENTS: Two exams at scheduled times (15% each) Final exam (20%) Two short papers (3-6 pages) (20% each) Periodic reading quizzes (10%) POLICIES: Class Meetings Class meetings will begin at 11:00 with a calling of the roll. I will try to be on time; I expect you to try too. A pattern of late arrival may be counted as an unexcused absence. Attendance I expect attendance at every meeting. If you must miss class, please let me know in advance. If this is impossible (as sometimes it is), please give me a note by the next class. I will lower you a grade increment for every unexcused absence. Exams An exam will be administered on the date and time scheduled in the syllabus (unless I change it for pedagogical reasons). I will allow use of a one-page "cheat sheet. We will review the material for each exam briefly the class preceding, explaining what concepts and abilities the exam will test for. I welcome questions, even at times outside that review period. There will be no makeup exams. Organize your life so that you can take the exams at the times and dates scheduled. Papers Follow the directions for argumentative papers found in the Guidelines for Writing Philosophy Papers at the Philosophy Department website. Go to the Main Page (http://www.csus.edu/phil), click on Dept. Program and Requirements, then click on Guidelines Or go directly to: http://www.csus.edu/phil/req/writing.htm Papers will be graded according to the Grading Guidlines for Philosophy Papers. Go to the same menu as for the paper guidelines, or go directly to: http://www.csus.edu/phil/req/grading.htm To submit papers: - Turn in at the class period on the due date; - FAX or E-mail; - Old-fashioned mail, making sure it arrives on time; - Place in my box in the Philosophy Department (MND-3020) by 5:00. Late papers will be lowered a grade increment for every day past the due date. Keep a copy of your paper. If you still use an iron-age typewriter, make a photocopy -- it's cheap insurance. Quizzes The quizzes on reading assignments will be on the website a week before the assignment. Hand the quiz in (Scantron Form 815-E the 15-question size) at the beginng of the class meeting for which the reading assignment is due. There will be no makeup quizzes. If there is a possibility you might miss a class, make arrangements to turn the quiz in beforehand. Quizzes will be graded on a three-level system: 2 Full credit: Shows adequate understanding of the reading 1 Partial credit: Show an inadequate understanding of the reading 0 Not turned in. Grades Exams will be graded on the following scale: A 100-94 A- 93-92 B+ 91-90 B 89-84 B- 83-82 C+ 81-80 C 79-74 C- 73-72 D+ 71-70 D 69-64 D- 63-62 F 61- Papers will be graded by the criteria in the Grading Guidelines. The course grade will be determined by the weighted average of the exams, papers, and quizzes. SYLLABUS [Reading assignments are italicized] (Numbers in parentheses refer to pages in text) Introduction Week 1: 8/29 Introduction The Pre-Modern World 8/31 The Science of Antiquity [Handout #1: Aristotelian Science 9/2 The Three Middle Ages [Handout #2: Medieval History and Culture Week 2: 9/5 Labor Day Holiday The Crisis of Rationality in Science 9/7 Natural Philosophy [Handout #3: Medieval Science] 9/9 Galileo and the Laws of Motion [Handout #4: Galileos Mature Dynamics] Week 3: 9/12 Newton, the Void, and The Crisis of Rationality in Natural Philosophy The Crisis of Rationality in Religion 9/14 What was at Stake Philosophically between Protestants and Catholics during the Reformation? [Handout #5: Medieval Theology and the Reformation] The Crisis Recognized The Rationalist Response 9/16 Rene Descartes and the Reconstruction of Philosophy: Methodical Doubt [Meditations, I-II (19-28)] Week 4: 9/19 Descartes: An Account of the Origin of Ideas [Meditations, III (29-38)] 9/21 Descartes: Truth, Falsity, The Origins of Error [Meditations, IV (38-43)] 9/23 Descartes: The Material Universe and the Mind [Meditations, V-VI (43-57)] Week 5: 9/26 Exam #1 9/28 Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz: Why There is Something Rather Than Nothing [Discourse 0n Metaphysics, Paragraphs 1-11 (249-256] 9/30 Leibniz: Minds and Reality [Discourse, Paragraphs, 12-37 (256-37)] Week 6: 10/3 Leibniz: An Idealist Metaphysics [Monadology (284-292)] 10/5 Leibniz: Worlds, Entelechies, and Souls [Monadology (284-292)] The Empiricist Response 10/7 John Locke: A Different Account of the Origin of Ideas [Essay Concerning Human Understanding, Book I (all); Book II, Chapters 1-12] Week 7: 10/10 Locke: Our Idea of Substance [Essay, Book II, Chapters 23-37] 10/12 10/19 Locke: Our Idea of Identity [Essay, Book II, Chapters 27 (208-214)] 10/14 Locke: Abstract Ideas and Essences [Essay, Book III, Chapters 2-3 (214-220)] First Paper due Friday, October 14. Week 8: 10/17 Locke: The Limits of Knowledge [Essay, Book IV, Chapters 1-9 (221-228] The Crisis of Rationality in Politics 10/19 Thomas Hobbes: The Search for an Alternative Foundation for Political Legitimacy. The State of Nature [Leviathan, Part I, Chapters 13-14 (82-86)] 10/21 Hobbes: The Social Contract [Leviathan, Part II, Chapters 15-21 (86-103)] Week 9: 10/24 John Locke: A Different Account of the State of Nature and of the Social Contract. [Second Essay, Chapters 2-3 (240-245)] 10/26 John Locke: The Liberal State [Second Essay, Chapters 2-3 (240-245) 10/28 Jean Jacques Rousseau: A Third Account of the Social Contract [The Social Contract (494-502)] Idealism vs Scepticism as Solutions to the Crisis Week 10: 10/31 George Berkeley: The True Objects of Sensation [Three Dialogues Between Hylas and Philonous, First Dialogue, pages 2-10] 11/2 Berkeley: Collapsing the Distinction between Primary and Secondary Qualities [Three Dialogues, First Dialogue, pages 10-24] 11/4 Berkeley: The Impossibility of Material Substance [Three Dialogues, 25-49] Week 11: 11/7 Berkeley: The Refutation of Scepticism and Atheism [Three Dialogues, 49-65] 11/9 Exam #2 11/11 David Hume: Still Another Account of the Origin of Ideas [Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding, Sections I-III (349-359)] Week 12: 11/14 Hume: Sceptical Solutions to Sceptical Doubt [Enquiry, Sections IV-V (359-374)] 11/16 Hume: Causality and Necessary Connection [Enquiry, Sections VI-VII] 11/18 Hume: Sceptical Philosophy [Enquiry, Section XII, (417-425)]] The Enlightenment Project: Critical Philosophy Week 13: 11/21 Immanuel Kant: Dogmantic slumbers [Prolegomena to Any Future Metaphysics, Introduction (532-537)] 11/23 Kant: Judgments Analytic and Synthetic [Prolegomena, "Preamble" 537-545] 11/25 Thanksgiving Holiday Week 14: 11/28 Kant: The A Priori Forms of Intuition, or How is Mathematics Possible? [Prolegomena, First Part of Main Transcendental Problem (545-553)] 11/30 Kant: The Transcendental Deduction, or How is Science Possible? [Prolegomena, Second Part of Main Transcendental Problem (553-569)] 12/2 Kant: Transcendental Deduction (cont.) Week 15: 12/5 Kant: The Paralogisms of Pure Reason, or How is Metaphysics Possible? [Prolegomena, Third Part of Main Transcendental Problem (571-596)] 12/7 Kant: Critical Philosophy 12/9 Post-Modernism: Is the Enlightenment Project Over? Paper #2 due Friday, December 9. Final Exam: Wedneday, December 14, 10:15-12:15. (Note earlier time!) HAVE A GREAT SEMESTER! Paper Topics Paper 1 (Due Friday, October 14). Choose one of the philosophers studied in the first part of the course: Rene Descartes Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Write a brief paper that includes: 1. What, in your view, was the most important crisis of rationality they faced. 2. Why was it a crisis? 3. How did they respond to the crisis? (That is, what was their philosophical answer?) 4. Why did they respond that way? (That is, give their reasons.) 5. Do you think this response is a correct one? Why or why not? Paper 2 (Due Friday, December 9.) Choose one of the philosophers studied in the first part of the course: John Locke Thomas Hobbes George Berkeley David Hume Immanuel Kant Write a brief paper that includes: 1. What, in your view, was the most important crisis of rationality they faced. 2. Why was it a crisis? 3. How did they respond to the crisis? (That is, what was their philosophical answer?) 4. Why did they respond that way? (That is, give their reasons.) 5. Do you think this response is a correct one? Why or why not? CD     Z \ g     D V W X Z c /01:<Jӎhc#h]CJ h]CJhc#hc#6CJH*hc#hc#6CJhc#hc#CJhc#hc#5CJhc#h6>*CJhc#h>*CJ hc#CJ hCJ hG_CJhc#hCJ hc#5CJhc#h5CJ4-7D^_    Z [ \   p1$^p `p1$^p`p1$`p1$gdc#1$`1$/   01K p1$`p p1$`pgdc#1$gdc# `p1$^p`gdc#p1$^p1$J  xCKn78uv  &(02:;CEh]h]5CJaJh]h]>*CJaJhCJaJh]h]6CJaJh]h]CJaJh]h]6CJh]h6CJ h]CJhc#h>*CJhc#h]CJ hCJhc#hCJ7AGX# 8T8^8gd] `8T@ 0^@ `0gd `8Tp^pgd] 8Tgd] 8TT^Tgd] 8Tp^pgd]p1$^p1$ p1$^pgd]t &0:CMW`jq 8Tp`pgd] 8Tp^pgd] 8T^gd] 8T^`gd] 8T8^8gd]EMOWX`bjk8BtDXjk"{JMcd9Di$.}ŻűŧŻŧŧűűŧŧűŻŧűŧŻŻŻŻűŻŻŻŻhc#h>*CJhc#h5CJhc#h6CJhc#hCJhc#h5CJ hc#hCJ h]CJaJh]h]5CJaJh]h]CJaJBqrDt `p`1$^p`` 1$ p1$^p `8p1$^p` `p1$^p`$1$a$1$ `8Tp^p`gd] 8T8^8gd] 8Tgd]EFGjk$%m{|L `1$ 1$` `p1$^p` `p`1$^p`` `p1$^p` 1$ p1$`pLMNde8ST `1$^ `p`1$^p`` p1$`p `1$ 1$e :IJy; < h  1$ p1$`p `p`1$^p`` `p1$^p` p1$^p l q !!>!a!!!!!\"e"""C#O###$$$$H$K$W$$$:%I%%%&&&&-&r&&&&L'S'''(D(((((((3)>)))**++6+V+W+X+칯hh>*CJhh5>*CJ h5CJhc#h5CJhc#h5>*CJhc#h6CJhc#hCJhc#h>*CJC !=!>!b!c!!!!!!!X""""" `p1$^p` `61$^`6 p1$^p 1$""?#i#j####$$$%$W$X$$$$6%h%i%%%%& 1$^` p1$^p p1$`p 1$ p1$^p`&&&/&0&q&&&&''H'f'g'''''''(`( p1$^p` `1$ `p1$^p `p1$^p` 1$ p1$^p`(a(((((((2)w)x))**6*7*8******4+5+6+1$ 1$^ p1$^p p1$^p` 1$6+W+X+++++++++++2,A,[,\,,,,C-- `p01$^p`0p01$^p`0gd `p01$^p`0gd1$`1$^ H1$1$X+}+~++++++++++++++++++++\,,-A-u-z---3.t.v..(/[//////ӿӸɸӮӮhc#h6CJ h5CJhc#h<CJhc#h5CJhc#hCJhhCJ hCJhc#h5>*CJh5>*CJ(----3.>.L.\.g.u.v.../]/////1$p01$^p`0gd `p01$^p`0gd1$gd 1$`gd 1$^gd `01$^`0gd `p01$^p`0///1$30PBP/ =!"#$% H@H Normal5$7$8$9DH$_HmH sH tH DAD Default Paragraph FontViV  Table Normal :V 44 la (k(No List <&< Footnote Reference@@@ Balloon Text CJOJQJ'Z-7D^_ Z[\01K   A    G X # t &0:CMW`jqrDtEFGjk$%m{|LMNde8STe :IJy;<h=>bcX?ij$%WX6hi/0qHfg ` a 2!w!x!!""6"7"8""""""4#5#6#W#X###########2$A$[$\$$$$C%%%%%3&>&L&\&g&u&v&&&']'''''''000000000000000000000000000000000000y0y0y0y0y0y0y0y0y0y0y0y0y0y0y0y0y0y0y0y0y0y0y0y0y0y0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000y00000000000000000000000000000000JEX+/$* qL "&`(6+-// !"#%&'()+,/"3"44HM5!6LP7P8̀P9LP:P;́P< P=LP>P? P@PA PBLPCPD̄PE PFLPGPH̅PI PJLPKPL̆PMLPNPȮPP PQT@TR@TSTATTATHhk  b22AhOOoo7 ="{#\&'      !Sm ''i88FmUU  ww< C"#a&'  !9*urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttagsState8"*urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttagstime8*urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttagsCity9*urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttagsplace=*urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags PlaceName=*urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags PlaceType>!*urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags PersonName ( 010111214151718198HourMinute"  !"  !!"  "  "  " "  !"  "  "  "  !d#i#x#y#|#}#~########2$2$%%%%3&t&'''\bhm).FKDVWce | >DHKvyQWJQ b!l!$$%%&&'''33333333333333333333333333333333d#i#x#y#|#}#~########2$2$%%%%3&t&''''']c#G_`` %''uL@HP LaserJet 4100 Series PCLNe02:winspoolHP LaserJet 4100 Series PCLHP LaserJet 4100 Series PCLC odXXLetter DINU"4` ݕ: TRJPHAAPYNETF BAPHAAHP LaserJet 4100 Series PCLC odXXLetter DINU"4` ݕ: TRJPHAAPYNETF BAPHAA('@@UnknownGz Times New Roman5Symbol3& z Arial5& zaTahoma" hUF:&c!H!H! xx24''2Q HP(?c#2,PHIL 21: HISTORY OF EARLY MODERN PHILOSOPHYThomas F. PynepynetfOh+'0( 8D d p | 0PHIL 21: HISTORY OF EARLY MODERN PHILOSOPHYThomas F. Pyne Normal.dotpynetf3Microsoft Office Word@G@E@(- @tn!՜.+,0 hp|   H'G -PHIL 21: HISTORY OF EARLY MODERN PHILOSOPHY Title  !"#$%&'()*+,-/012345789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_`abdefghijlmnopqruRoot Entry F7rvwData .1Table6lXWordDocument5ZSummaryInformation(cDocumentSummaryInformation8kCompObjq  FMicrosoft Office Word Document MSWordDocWord.Document.89q