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For e)18(x)18(ample)35(, f)18(or in)18(divi)17(d)18(u)18(als workin)18(g d)17(urin)18(g ni)18(gh)17(t shifts)18(,)]TJ -0.00011 Tc T* (a)Tj 0 Tc -0.022 Tw 0.73631 0 Td [(24-h)18(our cycle that k)17(eeps m)18(ost people awak)18(e an)17(d alert in th)18(e d)18(ay an)17(d sleepy in )1(th)17(e ni)18(gh)17(t would)]TJ -0.73631 -1.25 Td (r)Tj 0.03 Tw 0.29712 0 Td (esult in f)Tj 0 Tw 3.70712 0 Td (ati)Tj -0.00011 Tc 1.07471 0 Td (gue)Tj 0 Tc 1.78818 0 Td (an)Tj -0.00011 Tc 0.96408 0 Td (d)Tj 0.82535 0 Td (a)Tj 0 Tc 0.03 Tw 0.78835 0 Td (complete in)Tj 4.78854 0 Td (ability to perf)Tj 5.65073 0 Td [(orm d)18(urin)17(g th)18(e ni)18(gh)17(t shift. )]TJ -0.00301 Tw -19.88419 -1.91602 Td [(Th)17(e h)18(um)18(an cir)17(cadi)18(an system con)18(sists o)18(f thr)17(ee compon)18(en)17(ts: an in)18(tern)18(al oscillator)73(, whi)17(ch is locat-)]TJ 0.01199 Tw T* (ed in th)Tj -0.00011 Tc 3.22826 0 Td (e)Tj 0 Tc 0 Tw 0.77094 0 Td (supr)Tj 0.01199 Tw 1.68596 0 Td [(achi)18(asm)17(ati)18(c n)17(u)18(cleus o)18(f th)18(e h)17(ypothalam)18(us in th)18(e br)17(ain; a n)18(umber o)18(f e)17(xtern)18(al oscil-)]TJ 0.013 Tw -5.68517 -1.25002 Td [(lators \(e)18(xtern)17(al stim)18(uli su)18(ch as li)17(gh)18(t-d)18(ark cycle between d)17(ay an)18(d ni)18(gh)17(t\) that can r)18(eset \(en)18(tr)17(ain\))]TJ 0.157 Tw T* [(th)17(e in)18(tern)18(al oscillator; an)17(d a h)18(orm)18(on)17(e)36(, m)18(elatonin, secr)18(eted by th)18(e pin)17(eal glan)18(d that carri)18(es)]TJ 0 Tw T* (\322tim)Tj 0.013 Tw 1.74072 0 Td [(e\323 inf)18(orm)17(ati)18(on to all parts o)18(f th)17(e bod)18(y thr)18(ough th)17(e bloodstr)18(eam \(Boyce)36(, H)18(un)17(ter)73(, & H)18(owlett,)]TJ 0.07401 Tw -1.74072 -1.25 Td [(2003; Ed)18(war)17(ds & T)55(or)18(cellini, 2002\). Li)18(gh)17(t activati)18(on o)18(f th)17(e pin)18(eal glan)18(d r)17(esults in th)18(e suppr)18(es-)]TJ 0.09 Tw T* [(si)18(on o)17(f m)18(elatonin \(V)36(eitch & M)17(cColl, 1993\). M)18(elatonin levels in th)18(e bod)18(y d)17(etermin)18(e a person\325s)]TJ -0.009 Tw T* [(activity an)18(d en)17(er)18(gy level. Wh)18(er)17(e d)18(ayli)18(gh)17(t or artifi)18(ci)17(al li)18(gh)18(t is in)17(ad)18(equ)18(ate d)18(urin)17(g th)18(e d)18(ay)72(, th)18(e n)18(at)-1(-)]TJ -0.033 Tw T* [(ur)18(al suppr)18(essi)17(on o)18(f m)18(elatonin pr)17(od)18(u)18(cti)17(on f)18(ails to occur an)18(d is accompani)18(ed by feelin)17(gs o)18(f d)18(epr)17(es-)]TJ -0.02499 Tw T* [(si)18(on an)17(d sleepin)18(ess \(Lewy et al., 1985\). Hi)18(gh m)17(elatonin levels cause d)18(r)18(owsin)18(ess)17(, while low m)18(ela-)]TJ 0.13 Tw T* (tonin levels ar)Tj -0.00011 Tc 6.05505 0 Td (e)Tj 0 Tc 0.88869 0 Td [(r)18(elated to a state o)17(f alertn)18(ess \(Ed)18(war)17(ds & T)55(or)18(cellini, 2002; V)36(eitch & M)18(cColl,)]TJ 0 Tw -6.94374 -1.25 Td (1993\). )Tj 0.07001 Tw 15.33336 -1.916 Td [(Exposur)18(e to outd)17(oor d)18(ayli)18(gh)17(t is a k)18(ey f)18(actor in d)18(etermin)-1(-)]TJ -0.002 Tw T* [(in)17(g th)18(e phase o)18(f th)17(e cir)18(cadi)18(an rh)17(ythm. A)18(ccor)18(din)17(g to Boyce)]TJ 0.198 Tw T* [(an)18(d colleagues \(2003\))-1(, d)18(ayli)18(gh)17(t pr)18(ovi)18(d)18(es a hi)17(gh)18(er li)18(gh)17(t)]TJ 0.008 Tw T* [(level at th)18(e eye that is m)17(atch)18(ed to th)18(e spectr)17(al sen)18(sitivity)]TJ 0.058 Tw T* [(o)18(f th)17(e cir)18(cadi)18(an rh)17(ythm)18(s than m)18(ost electri)17(c-li)18(gh)18(t sour)17(ces)18(.)]TJ 0.157 Tw T* [(By con)18(tr)17(ollin)18(g th)18(e cir)17(cadi)18(an system, li)18(gh)17(t\321both n)18(atur)18(al)]TJ 0.407 Tw T* [(an)18(d artifi)17(ci)18(al\321impacts m)17(an)18(y h)17(ealth outcom)18(es am)18(on)17(g)]TJ 0.088 Tw T* [(pati)18(en)17(ts an)18(d staff in h)18(ospitals su)17(ch as d)18(epr)18(essi)17(on, sleep,)]TJ -0.01801 Tw T* [(cir)18(cadi)17(an r)18(est-activity rh)18(ythm)17(s)18(, as well as len)18(gth o)17(f stay in)]TJ 0.03 Tw T* [(th)17(e h)18(ospital.)]TJ /T1_1 1 Tf 14 0 0 14 274.00031 110.3774 Tm [(Reducing depr)18(ession)]TJ /T1_0 1 Tf 0.23199 Tw 12 0 0 12 274.00031 87.3855 Tm [(A)18(t least 11 str)18(on)17(g stu)18(di)18(es sugg)17(est that bri)18(gh)18(t li)17(gh)18(t is)]TJ -0.03799 Tw T* (effective in r)Tj 0 Tw 5.12766 0 Td (ed)Tj 0.94507 0 Td (u)Tj 0.48218 0 Td (cin)Tj 1.20459 0 Td (g)Tj 0.75804 0 Td (d)Tj 0.48216 0 Td (epr)Tj 1.26001 0 Td (essi)Tj -0.03799 Tw 1.50073 0 Td [(on am)18(on)17(g pati)18(en)18(ts with bipo)-1(-)]TJ 0.037 Tw -11.76045 -1.25003 Td (lar disor)Tj 3.33339 0 Td (d)Tj 0.48218 0 Td (er or season)Tj 4.96317 0 Td [(al affective disor)18(d)18(er \(S)17(AD\). A m)18(ajor-)]TJ 0.14999 Tc 0.03 Tw 7 0 0 7 307.05438 32.48511 Tm [(THE IMP)55(A)18(CT OF LI)17(GHT ON OUT)36(COMES IN HEAL)55(THCARE SETTINGS / )]TJ /T1_1 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 9 0 0 9 552.99677 32.48511 Tm (4)Tj ET /CS0 CS 0.35001 SCN 0.5 w 10 M 0 j 0 J []0 d /GS2 gs 90 696 m 254 696 l S /CS0 cs 0.14999 scn /GS1 gs 90 561.99902 174 176.00099 re f /CS1 cs 1 scn /GS2 gs BT /T1_1 1 Tf -0.017 Tc 0.03 Tw 14 0 0 14 98 719.86566 Tm [(Visual task perf)18(ormance)]TJ 0 0 0 1 k ET /GS1 gs BT /T1_0 1 Tf -0.00011 Tc 0 Tw 12 0 0 12 98 700.86566 Tm (\245)Tj 0 Tc 0.03 Tw 1.002 0 Td [(T)55(ask perf)18(orm)18(an)17(ce impr)18(oves)]TJ T* [(with in)18(cr)17(eased li)18(gh)17(t leve)1(l)-1(s)18(.)]TJ -0.00011 Tc -1.002 -1.58333 Td (\245)Tj 0 Tc 1.002 0 Td [(Th)17(e n)18(eed f)18(or li)18(gh)17(t f)18(or visu)18(al)]TJ T* [(task perf)18(orm)17(an)18(ce in)18(cr)17(eases)]TJ T* [(with ag)18(e)36(.)]TJ -0.00011 Tc -1.002 -1.58334 Td (\245)Tj 0 Tc 1.002 0 Td [(Hi)18(gh)17(er li)18(gh)17(tin)18(g levels wer)18(e)]TJ T* [(associ)18(ated with fewer m)17(ed-)]TJ T* [(i)18(cati)18(on-dispen)17(sin)18(g err)18(ors in a)]TJ 0 Tw T* [(pharm)18(acy)72(.)]TJ ET /GS2 gs 90 241.002 m 254 241.002 l S /CS0 cs 0.14999 scn /GS1 gs 90 54 174 229.002 re f /CS1 cs 1 scn /GS2 gs BT /T1_1 1 Tf -0.017 Tc 0.03 Tw 14 0 0 14 98 264.86819 Tm [(Exposur)18(e to daylight )]TJ 0 0 0 1 k ET /GS1 gs BT /T1_0 1 Tf -0.00011 Tc 0 Tw 12 0 0 12 98 245.86819 Tm (\245)Tj 0 Tc 0.03 Tw 1.002 0 Td [(Red)18(u)17(ce)]TJ /T1_2 1 Tf (s)Tj /T1_0 1 Tf [( d)18(epr)18(essi)18(on am)17(on)18(g)]TJ T* [(pati)18(en)17(ts with season)18(al affec-)]TJ T* [(tive disor)18(d)18(er an)17(d bipolar)]TJ 0 Tw T* [(d)18(epr)18(essi)17(on.)]TJ -0.00011 Tc -1.002 -1.58333 Td (\245)Tj 0 Tc 0.03 Tw 1.002 0 Td [(Decr)18(eases len)17(gth o)18(f stay in)]TJ 0 Tw 0 -1.25002 TD [(h)18(ospitals)18(.)]TJ -0.00011 Tc -1.002 -1.58334 Td (\245)Tj 0 Tc 0.03 Tw 1.002 0 Td [(Impr)18(oves sleep an)17(d cir)18(cadi)18(an)]TJ 0 Tw 0 -1.25 TD (rh)Tj 0.81592 0 Td (ythm)Tj -0.01801 Tc 2.01855 0 Td (s.)Tj -0.00011 Tc -3.83649 -1.58334 Td (\245)Tj 0 Tc 0.03 Tw 1.002 0 Td [(Lessen)18(s agitati)17(on am)18(on)18(g)]TJ T* [(d)18(em)17(en)18(ti)17(a pati)18(en)18(ts)17(, ease pain.)]TJ -0.00011 Tc -1.002 -1.58333 Td (\245)Tj 0 Tc 0 Tw 1.002 0 Td (Impr)Tj 0.03 Tw 1.88892 0 Td (oves adjustm)Tj 0 Tw 5.30669 0 Td (en)Tj -0.0002 Tc 0.96387 0 Td (t)Tj 0 Tc 0.67726 0 Td (to)Tj 0.03 Tw -8.83675 -1.25002 Td [(ni)17(gh)18(t-shift work am)18(on)17(g staff.)]TJ ET endstream endobj 284 0 obj<> endobj 285 0 obj<> endobj 287 0 obj 9154 endobj 288 0 obj<>stream 1 g 1 i /GS0 gs 0 792 0 0 re f 0 0 0 1 k /GS1 gs BT /T1_0 1 Tf 0 Tc 0.114 Tw 0 Ts 100 Tz 0 Tr 12 0 0 12 90 729.31342 Tm [(ity o)18(f th)17(e stu)18(di)18(es have e)17(x)18(amin)18(ed th)18(e impact o)17(f artifi)18(ci)17(al bri)18(gh)18(t li)17(gh)18(t on r)18(ed)17(u)18(cin)18(g d)17(epr)18(essi)18(on.)]TJ 0.007 Tw 0 -1.25 TD [(Artifi)18(ci)17(al li)18(gh)17(t tr)18(eatm)18(en)17(ts usu)18(ally r)18(an)17(g)18(e between 2,500 lux an)18(d 10,000 lux \(Beau)17(ch)18(emin & H)17(ays)18(,)]TJ 0.116 Tw T* [(1996\). Th)18(e tr)17(eatm)18(en)18(t is beli)17(eved to be effective by suppr)18(essin)18(g th)17(e on)18(set o)18(f m)17(elatonin. T)36(wo)]TJ -0.02699 Tw T* [(stu)18(di)17(es have sh)18(own that e)18(xposur)17(e to n)18(atur)18(al bri)18(gh)17(t li)18(gh)17(t is similarly effective in r)18(ed)18(u)18(cin)17(g d)18(epr)18(es-)]TJ 0.189 Tw T* [(si)18(on \(Beau)17(ch)18(emin & H)17(ays)18(, 1996; Ben)18(ed)17(etti, Colombo, Barbini, Campori, & Sm)18(er)18(aldi, 2001\).)]TJ 0.084 Tw T* [(Ben)18(ed)17(etti an)18(d colleagues \(2001\) f)18(oun)17(d that bipolar d)18(epr)18(essed inpati)18(en)17(ts in east-f)18(acin)17(g r)18(oom)18(s)]TJ -0.028 Tw T* [(\(e)18(xposed to bri)17(gh)18(t li)18(gh)17(t in th)18(e m)17(ornin)18(g\) stayed an aver)18(ag)18(e o)17(f 3.67 d)18(ays less in th)18(e h)17(ospital com-)]TJ 0.03 Tw T* [(par)18(ed with similar pati)17(en)18(ts wh)18(o stayed in west-f)17(acin)18(g r)18(oom)17(s)18(. )]TJ 0.106 Tw 0 -1.916 TD [(Th)17(er)18(e is str)18(on)17(g evi)18(d)18(en)17(ce that e)18(xposur)18(e to bri)18(gh)17(t li)18(gh)17(t in)]TJ -0.035 Tw 0 -1.25 TD [(th)17(e m)18(ornin)18(g is m)18(or)17(e effective than e)18(xposur)18(e to bri)17(gh)18(t li)18(gh)17(t)]TJ -0.0002 Tc T* (in)Tj 0 Tc 0.282 Tw 1.37459 0 Td [(th)18(e evenin)17(g in r)18(ed)18(u)17(cin)18(g d)18(epr)18(essi)17(on \(Beau)18(ch)17(emin &)]TJ -0.011 Tw -1.37459 -1.25 Td [(H)18(ays)18(, 1996; Ben)17(ed)18(etti et al., 2001; Eastm)18(an, Y)55(oun)17(g, Fogg,)]TJ 0.20399 Tw T* (Liu, & M)Tj 3.77762 0 Td [(ead)18(en, 1998; Lewy et al., 1998; Or)17(en, Wisn)18(er)73(,)]TJ 0 Tw -3.77762 -1.25002 Td (Spin)Tj 0.215 Tw 1.7417 0 Td [(elli, & Epperson, 2002; Sum)18(aya, Ri)17(enzi, Deegan, &)]TJ 0.034 Tw -1.7417 -1.25002 Td [(M)18(oss)18(, 2001; J. S. T)54(erm)18(an, T)55(erm)18(an, Lo, & Cooper)72(, 2001; M.)]TJ T* (T)Tj 0.049 Tw 0.38892 0 Td [(erm)18(an, T)54(erm)18(an, & Ross)18(, 1998; W)36(allace-Guy et al., 2002\).)]TJ 0.062 Tw -0.38892 -1.25002 Td (An e)Tj 0 Tw 1.87794 0 Td (xperim)Tj 2.70361 0 Td (en)Tj 0.062 Tw 0.96387 0 Td (tal stu)Tj 2.65456 0 Td (d)Tj -0.00011 Tc 0.48216 0 Td (y)Tj 0 Tc 0.80202 0 Td (that compar)Tj 4.9512 0 Td [(ed th)18(e effect o)17(f m)18(orn-)]TJ 0.08 Tw -14.43536 -1.25002 Td [(in)17(g an)18(d evenin)18(g li)17(gh)18(t on pati)18(en)17(ts with win)18(ter d)18(epr)17(essi)18(on)]TJ T* (f)Tj 0 Tw 0.29712 0 Td (oun)Tj -0.00011 Tc 1.50098 0 Td (d)Tj 0 Tc -0.008 Tw 0.78755 0 Td [(that m)18(ornin)17(g li)18(gh)18(t was )]TJ /T1_1 1 Tf 0 Tw 12 0 0 12 235.1032 451.3215 Tm (twice)Tj /T1_0 1 Tf -0.008 Tw 12 0 0 12 262.97766 451.3215 Tm (as effective as evenin)Tj 8.75185 0 Td (g)Tj 0 Tw -23.16666 -1.25 Td (li)Tj 0.5188 0 Td (gh)Tj -0.0002 Tc 1.00098 0 Td (t)Tj 0 Tc 0.03 Tw 0.67725 0 Td (in tr)Tj 0 Tw 1.77109 0 Td (eatin)Tj -0.00011 Tc 2.0564 0 Td (g)Tj 0.82538 0 Td (S)Tj 0 Tc 0.03 Tw 0.44518 0 Td (AD \(Lewy et al., 1998\).)Tj /T1_2 1 Tf 0 Tw 14 0 0 14 90 407.35342 Tm (Decr)Tj 0.03 Tw 1.85254 0 Td (easing length o)Tj -0.00011 Tc 6.65001 0 Td (f)Tj 0 Tc 0 Tw 0.69533 0 Td (stay)Tj /T1_0 1 Tf 0.155 Tw 12 0 0 12 90 384.36148 Tm [(Beau)18(ch)17(emin & H)18(ays \(1996\) an)18(d Ben)17(ed)18(etti et al. \(2001\) d)18(ocum)17(en)18(ted th)18(e impact o)17(f li)18(gh)17(t on)]TJ 0 Tw T* (len)Tj -0.04201 Tw 1.22266 0 Td [(gth o)18(f stay am)17(on)18(g d)18(epr)18(essed pati)17(en)18(ts)17(. A couple o)18(f oth)18(er stu)17(di)18(es sugg)18(est that e)18(xposur)17(e to li)18(gh)18(t)]TJ 0.03 Tw -1.22266 -1.25 Td [(m)18(ay be link)18(ed to len)17(gth o)18(f stay am)18(on)17(g clini)18(cally n)18(on)17(d)18(epr)18(essed pati)17(en)18(ts as well. A r)18(etr)17(ospective)]TJ 0.06799 Tw T* [(stu)18(d)18(y o)17(f m)18(yocar)18(di)17(al inf)18(ar)18(cti)17(on pati)18(en)17(ts in a car)18(di)18(ac in)17(ten)18(sive-car)17(e unit tr)18(eated in eith)18(er sunn)18(y)]TJ 0.035 Tw T* [(r)18(oom)18(s or d)17(ull r)18(oom)18(s f)18(oun)17(d that fem)18(ale pati)18(en)17(ts stayed a sh)18(orter tim)18(e in sunn)17(y r)18(oom)18(s \(2.3 d)17(ays)]TJ -0.015 Tw T* (in sunn)Tj -0.0002 Tc 2.98628 0 Td (y)Tj 0 Tc 0.72475 0 Td [(r)18(oom)17(s)18(, 3.3 d)18(ays in d)18(ull r)17(oom)18(s\) \(Beau)18(ch)17(emin & H)18(ays)18(, 1998\). M)17(ortality in both se)18(x)18(es was)]TJ 0.24699 Tw -3.71103 -1.25 Td [(con)18(sisten)17(tly hi)18(gh)18(er in d)17(ull r)18(oom)18(s \(39/335 d)17(ull, 21/293 sunn)18(y\). An)18(oth)17(er stu)18(d)18(y f)18(oun)17(d that)]TJ 0.026 Tw T* [(V)36(eter)18(an)17(s H)18(ealth A)17(d)18(ministr)18(ati)17(on m)18(edi)18(cal cen)17(ters located in warm)18(er an)18(d d)18(ri)17(er clim)18(ates had sh)18(ort)-1(-)]TJ 0.075 Tw T* [(er len)18(gth o)17(f stay o)18(f pati)18(en)17(ts \(Fed)18(erm)18(an, Dr)17(ebin)18(g, Boisvert, & P)36(enk, 2000\). H)18(ospitals in cold)17(er)]TJ 0.03 Tw T* [(clim)18(ates had lon)17(g)18(est len)18(gth)17(s o)18(f stay in win)18(ter an)17(d f)18(all. )]TJ /T1_2 1 Tf 0 Tw 14 0 0 14 90 220.39348 Tm (Impr)Tj 2.01855 0 Td (o)Tj 0.03 Tw 0.50098 0 Td (ving sleep and cir)Tj 7.66104 0 Td (cadian rh)Tj 0 Tw 3.95464 0 Td (ythm )Tj /T1_0 1 Tf -0.00011 Tc 12 0 0 12 90 197.40147 Tm (A)Tj 0 Tc 0.81328 0 Td (sm)Tj -0.03799 Tw 1.09306 0 Td (all n)Tj 1.73888 0 Td [(umber o)18(f stu)17(di)18(es have f)18(oun)18(d that tim)17(ed e)18(xposur)18(e to artifi)17(ci)18(al bri)18(gh)17(t li)18(gh)17(t mi)18(gh)18(t be h)17(elp-)]TJ 0.12801 Tw -3.6452 -1.25002 Td [(ful in impr)18(ovin)17(g sleep an)18(d cir)18(cadi)17(an rh)18(ythm)18(s)18(. In on)17(e stu)18(d)18(y)73(, comm)18(unity-d)17(wellin)18(g old)18(er ad)17(ults)]TJ T* (e)Tj 0.07001 Tw 0.44507 0 Td (xposed to eith)Tj 5.97324 0 Td (er bri)Tj 0 Tw 2.21892 0.00002 Td (gh)Tj -0.0002 Tc 1.00098 0 Td (t)Tj 0 Tc 0.07001 Tw 0.7179 0 Td (white li)Tj 0 Tw 3.12619 0 Td (gh)Tj -0.00011 Tc 1.00098 0 Td (t)Tj 0.71803 0 Td (or)Tj 0 Tc 0.07001 Tw 1.18095 0 Td [(dim r)18(ed li)17(gh)18(t on 12 con)18(secutive d)17(ays e)18(xperi)18(en)17(ced sub-)]TJ 0 Tw -16.38222 -1.25003 Td (stan)Tj 1.70459 0 Td (ti)Tj 0.103 Tw 0.61182 0 Td [(al chan)18(g)17(es in sleep qu)18(ality \(Satlin, V)36(oli)18(cer)72(, Ross)18(, H)18(erz, & Campbell, 1992\). W)36(akin)17(g tim)18(e)]TJ 0.054 Tw -2.31641 -1.25002 Td [(within sleep was r)18(ed)17(u)18(ced by an h)18(our)73(, an)18(d sleep effi)17(ci)18(en)17(cy impr)18(oved fr)18(om 77.5% to 90%, with-)]TJ 0.02901 Tw T* (out alterin)Tj -0.00011 Tc 4.30692 0 Td (g)Tj 0 Tc 0 Tw 0.82481 0 Td (tim)Tj -0.00011 Tc 1.33389 0 Td (e)Tj 0 Tc 0.78784 0 Td (spen)Tj -0.00011 Tc 1.85281 0 Td (t)Tj 0 Tc 0.02901 Tw 0.67685 0 Td (in bed \(Satlin et al., 1992\). T)Tj 12.11412 0 Td (wo oth)Tj 2.80763 0 Td [(er stu)18(di)17(es sh)18(owed that e)18(xposur)18(e to)]TJ 0 Tw -24.70491 -1.25002 Td (evenin)Tj -0.00011 Tc 2.66724 0 Td (g)Tj 0 Tc 0.04601 Tw 0.84184 0 Td [(bri)18(gh)17(t li)18(gh)18(t was r)17(elated to impr)18(oved r)18(est-activity rh)17(ythm)18(s am)18(on)17(g person)18(s with d)18(em)17(en-)]TJ -0.01401 Tw -3.50906 -1.25002 Td [(ti)17(a in n)18(ursin)18(g h)17(om)18(es \(Satlin et al., 1992; V)36(an Som)18(er)17(en, K)18(essler)73(, Mirmir)18(an, & Swaab)35(, 1997\). Wh)18(en)]TJ 0 Tw T* (th)Tj -0.00011 Tc 0.85278 0 Td (e)Tj 0.71588 0 Td (d)Tj 0 Tc 0.48216 0 Td (aytim)Tj -0.00011 Tc 2.24048 0 Td (e)Tj 0 Tc 0.71579 0 Td (envir)Tj 2.00056 0 Td (onm)Tj -0.043 Tw 1.7229 0 Td [(en)18(tal illumin)17(ati)18(on level was in)17(cr)18(eased in differ)18(en)17(t livin)18(g spaces o)18(f a d)17(em)18(en-)]TJ 0 Tw -8.73058 -1.25002 Td (ti)Tj -0.00011 Tc 0.61182 0 Td (a)Tj 0 Tc 0.006 Tw 0.76514 0 Td [(unit, it was f)18(oun)17(d that, d)18(urin)18(g in)17(cr)18(eased illumin)18(ati)17(on peri)18(ods)18(, th)17(e stability o)18(f th)18(e r)17(est-activ-)]TJ 0.14999 Tc 0.03 Tw 7 0 0 7 307.05438 32.48511 Tm [(THE IMP)55(A)18(CT OF LI)17(GHT ON OUT)36(COMES IN HEAL)55(THCARE SETTINGS / )]TJ /T1_2 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 9 0 0 9 552.99677 32.48511 Tm (5)Tj ET /CS0 cs 0.14999 scn 384 434 174 173.00201 re f /CS1 cs 1 scn /GS2 gs BT /T1_2 1 Tf -0.017 Tc 0.03 Tw 14 0 0 14 391.9996 588.86816 Tm [(Light & depr)18(ession)]TJ 0 0 0 1 k ET /GS1 gs BT /T1_0 1 Tf -0.00011 Tc 0 Tw 12 0 0 12 391.9996 569.86816 Tm (\245)Tj 0 Tc 0.03 Tw 1.002 0 Td [(Bipolar d)18(epr)17(essed pati)18(en)18(ts in)]TJ T* [(east-f)18(acin)17(g r)18(oom)18(s stayed)]TJ T* [(3.67 d)18(ays less than pati)17(en)18(ts)]TJ T* [(in west-f)18(acin)17(g r)18(oom)18(s)]TJ T* [(\(Ben)18(ed)17(etti et al., 2001\).)]TJ -0.00011 Tc -1.002 -1.58334 Td (\245)Tj 0 Tc 1.002 0 Td [(M)18(ornin)17(g bri)18(gh)18(t-li)17(gh)18(t e)18(xposur)17(e)]TJ T* [(is m)18(or)17(e effective in r)18(ed)18(u)18(cin)17(g)]TJ T* [(d)18(epr)18(essi)17(on than evenin)18(g-li)18(gh)17(t)]TJ 0 Tw T* [(e)18(xposur)18(e)36(.)]TJ ET endstream endobj 289 0 obj<> endobj 290 0 obj 7833 endobj 291 0 obj<>stream 1 g 1 i /GS0 gs 0 792 0 0 re f 0 0 0 1 k /GS1 gs BT /T1_0 1 Tf 0 Tc 0.08099 Tw 0 Ts 100 Tz 0 Tr 12 0 0 12 90 729.31342 Tm [(ity rh)18(ythm in)17(cr)18(eased in pati)18(en)17(ts with in)18(tact visi)17(on, but n)18(ot in visu)18(ally impair)17(ed pati)18(en)18(ts \(V)35(an)]TJ 0.03 Tw 0 -1.25 TD [(Som)18(er)17(en et al., 1997\).)]TJ 0.00999 Tw 0 -1.916 TD [(Thr)18(ee stu)17(di)18(es sh)18(ow that pr)17(ovi)18(din)18(g cycled li)17(gh)18(tin)17(g \(r)18(ed)18(u)18(ced li)17(gh)18(t levels in th)18(e ni)17(gh)18(t\) in n)18(eon)17(atal)]TJ -0.028 Tw 0 -1.25 TD [(in)17(ten)18(sive-car)18(e units r)17(esults in impr)18(oved sleep an)18(d wei)17(gh)18(t gain am)18(on)17(g pr)18(eterm inf)18(an)17(ts \(Blackburn)]TJ -0.00011 Tc T* (&)Tj 0 Tc 0.177 Tw 1.08414 0 Td [(P)36(atteson, 1991; M)17(ann, H)18(ad)18(d)18(ow)73(, Stok)17(es)18(, Goodley)73(, & Rutter)73(, 1986; Miller)73(, White)35(, Whitm)18(an,)]TJ -0.007 Tw -1.08412 -1.25 Td [(O\325Callaghan, & M)18(axwell, 1995\). In on)17(e stu)18(d)18(y)73(, 41 pr)18(eterm inf)18(an)17(ts in stru)18(ctur)17(ally i)18(d)18(en)17(ti)18(cal criti)17(cal-)]TJ -0.02 Tw T* [(car)18(e units wer)17(e pr)18(ovi)18(d)18(ed eith)17(er cycled or n)18(on)18(cycled li)17(gh)18(tin)17(g \(con)18(stan)18(t li)17(gh)18(t levels d)18(urin)17(g th)18(e d)18(ay)]TJ 0.02299 Tw T* [(an)18(d ni)17(gh)18(t\) d)17(urin)18(g a len)18(gth)17(y h)18(ospital stay)73(. Compar)18(ed to inf)17(an)18(ts in th)18(e n)17(on)18(cycled li)17(gh)18(tin)18(g con)17(di-)]TJ 0.061 Tw T* [(ti)17(on, inf)18(an)18(ts assi)17(gn)18(ed to th)18(e cycled li)17(gh)18(tin)17(g con)18(diti)18(on had a gr)17(eater r)18(ate o)18(f wei)18(gh)17(t gain, wer)18(e)]TJ 0.05499 Tw T* [(able to be fed or)18(ally soon)17(er)73(, spen)18(t fewer d)18(ays on th)17(e ven)18(tilator an)18(d on ph)17(ototh)18(er)18(apy)73(, an)17(d dis-)]TJ 0.03 Tw T* [(played enhan)18(ced m)17(otor coor)18(din)18(ati)17(on \(Miller et al., 1995\).)]TJ /T1_1 1 Tf 14 0 0 14 90 542.35352 Tm (Lessening agitation)Tj /T1_0 1 Tf 0.08701 Tw 12 0 0 12 90 519.36151 Tm [(Sloan)18(e an)17(d colleagues \(1998\) f)18(oun)18(d that r)17(esi)18(d)18(en)17(ts in f)18(aciliti)18(es with low li)17(gh)18(t levels displayed)]TJ -0.0004 Tc T* (hi)Tj 0 Tc 0.035 Tw 0.77881 0 Td [(gh)18(er agitati)17(on levels)18(. La Gar)18(ce \(2002\) stu)17(di)18(ed th)18(e impact o)17(f envir)18(onm)18(en)17(tal li)18(gh)18(tin)17(g in)18(terven-)]TJ 0.05499 Tw -0.77881 -1.25002 Td [(ti)17(on)18(s \(full-spectrum li)18(gh)17(tin)18(g, mi)18(cr)17(oslatted glazed win)18(d)18(ows)17(, an)18(d electr)18(oni)17(c con)18(tr)18(ols to m)17(ain)18(tain)]TJ -0.0002 Tc T* (a)Tj 0 Tc 0.03101 Tw 0.78975 0 Td [(con)18(stan)17(t level o)18(f li)18(gh)17(t in)18(ten)17(sity\) on agitated behavi)18(ors am)18(on)17(g r)18(esi)18(d)18(en)17(ts with Alzh)18(eim)18(er\325s dis)-1(-)]TJ 0 Tw -0.78975 -1.25 Td (ease)Tj -0.0002 Tc 1.7417 0 Td (.)Tj 0 Tc 0.5751 0 Td (Sh)Tj -0.00011 Tc 0.964 0 Td (e)Tj 0 Tc -0.017 Tw 0.74219 0 Td [(f)18(oun)17(d a si)18(gnifi)18(can)17(t d)18(r)18(op in disruptive behavi)18(ors wh)17(en r)18(esi)18(d)17(en)18(ts wer)18(e in th)17(e e)18(xperim)18(en)-1(-)]TJ 0.007 Tw -4.02299 -1.25002 Td [(tal settin)18(g \(con)17(stan)18(t li)18(gh)17(t levels\) r)18(ath)17(er than th)18(e con)18(tr)17(ol settin)18(g \(varyin)18(g li)17(gh)18(t levels\) \(LaGar)18(ce)35(,)]TJ 0 Tw T* (2002\). )Tj -0.041 Tw 0 -1.916 TD [(Exposur)18(e to bri)17(gh)18(t m)18(ornin)17(g li)18(gh)18(t has been sh)17(own to r)18(ed)18(u)18(ce agitati)17(on am)18(on)18(g eld)17(erly pati)18(en)18(ts with)]TJ 0.106 Tw 0 -1.25 TD [(d)18(em)17(en)18(ti)17(a. Wh)18(en eld)18(erly pati)17(en)18(ts with d)18(em)17(en)18(ti)17(a wer)18(e e)18(xposed to 2,500 lux f)17(or 2 h)18(ours in th)18(e)]TJ -0.015 Tw T* [(m)18(ornin)18(g f)17(or two 10-d)18(ay peri)18(ods)18(, th)17(eir agitati)18(on r)18(ed)17(u)18(ced)18(. P)35(ati)18(en)18(ts wer)17(e si)18(gnifi)18(can)17(tly m)18(or)18(e agitat)-1(-)]TJ 0.03 Tw T* [(ed on n)18(on)17(tr)18(eatm)18(en)17(t d)18(ays \(Lovell, An)17(coli-I)18(sr)18(ael, & Gevirtz, 1995\).)]TJ /T1_1 1 Tf 14 0 0 14 90 332.40146 Tm (Easing pain )Tj /T1_0 1 Tf -0.00011 Tc 0 Tw 12 0 0 12 90 309.40948 Tm (A)Tj 0.93958 0 Td (r)Tj 0 Tc 0.088 Tw 0.29716 0 Td [(ecen)18(t r)17(an)18(d)18(omized pr)17(ospective stu)18(d)18(y assessed wh)18(eth)17(er th)18(e am)17(oun)18(t o)18(f sunli)18(gh)17(t in a h)18(ospital)]TJ 0.04401 Tw -1.23676 -1.25 Td [(r)18(oom m)18(odifi)17(es a pati)18(en)18(t\325s psych)17(osoci)18(al h)18(ealth, qu)17(an)18(tity o)17(f an)18(alg)18(esi)17(c m)18(edi)18(cati)17(on used)18(, an)18(d pain)]TJ T* (m)Tj 0 Tw 0.7041 0 Td (edi)Tj 1.2229 0 Td (cati)Tj -0.04401 Tw 1.50049 0 Td (on cost \(W)Tj 4.22659 0 Td [(alch et al., 2005\). P)36(ati)17(en)18(ts un)18(d)17(er)18(g)18(oin)18(g elective cervi)17(cal an)18(d lumbar spin)18(al sur)-1(-)]TJ -0.015 Tw -7.65408 -1.25002 Td [(g)18(eri)17(es wer)18(e ad)18(mitted to th)18(e bri)17(gh)18(t or th)18(e dim si)17(d)18(e o)18(f th)17(e sam)18(e h)18(ospital unit postoper)17(atively)73(. Th)18(e)]TJ 0.127 Tw T* [(outcom)18(es m)17(easur)18(ed in)18(clu)17(d)18(ed th)18(e stan)18(d)17(ar)18(d m)18(orphin)17(e equivalen)18(t o)18(f all opi)18(oi)17(d m)18(edi)18(cati)17(on used)]TJ 0 Tw T* (postoper)Tj 0.032 Tw 3.50073 0 Td (atively by pati)Tj 0 Tw 5.87663 0 Td (en)Tj 0.032 Tw 0.96387 0 Td (ts an)Tj -0.0002 Tc 2.03267 0 Td (d)Tj 0 Tc 0.82787 0 Td [(th)18(eir subsequen)17(t pharm)18(acy cost. P)36(ati)17(en)18(ts stayin)18(g on th)17(e bri)18(gh)18(t)]TJ 0.049 Tw -13.20177 -1.25002 Td [(si)18(d)17(e o)18(f th)18(e h)17(ospital)-344(unit wer)18(e e)17(xposed to 46% hi)18(gh)18(er-in)17(ten)18(sity sunli)17(gh)18(t on aver)18(ag)17(e)36(. This stu)18(d)18(y)]TJ 0.132 Tw T* [(f)18(oun)18(d that pati)17(en)18(ts e)17(xposed to an in)18(cr)18(eased in)17(ten)18(sity o)18(f sunli)17(gh)18(t)-428(e)18(xperi)18(en)17(ced less per)18(ceived)]TJ 0 Tw T* (str)Tj 1.03784 0 Td (ess)Tj -0.00011 Tc 1.2229 0 Td (,)Tj 0.57819 0 Td (m)Tj 0 Tc -0.01401 Tw 0.70418 0 Td [(ar)18(gin)17(ally less)-282(pain, took 22% less an)17(alg)18(esi)18(c m)17(edi)18(cati)18(on per h)17(our)73(, an)18(d had 21% less pain)]TJ 0.03 Tw -3.54312 -1.25002 Td [(m)18(edi)18(cati)17(on costs \(W)36(alch et al., 2005\). )]TJ /T1_1 1 Tf 0 Tw 14 0 0 14 90 145.4415 Tm (Impr)Tj 2.01855 0 Td (o)Tj 0.03 Tw 0.50098 0 Td (ving adjustment to night-shift w)Tj 14.13203 0 Td (ork among nur)Tj 0 Tw 6.26256 0 Td (ses)Tj /T1_0 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90 122.44949 Tm (Th)Tj 0.94482 0 Td (er)Tj -0.00011 Tc 0.76001 0.00002 Td (e)Tj 0 Tc 0.75249 0 Td (ar)Tj -0.00011 Tc 0.76006 0 Td (e)Tj 0 Tc 0.75259 0 Td (appr)Tj 1.75995 0 Td (o)Tj 0.48218 0 Td (xim)Tj -0.006 Tw 1.42578 0 Td [(ately 8 milli)18(on work)17(ers in th)18(e U)18(nited States wh)17(o r)18(egularly work at ni)18(gh)17(t, an)18(d)18(,)]TJ -7.63789 -1.25003 Td (f)Tj -0.00011 Tc 0.29712 0 Td (or)Tj 1.21286 0 Td (m)Tj 0 Tc 0.10201 Tw 0.70418 0 Td [(an)18(y o)17(f th)18(ese in)18(divi)17(d)18(u)18(als \(e)36(.g., n)17(urses an)18(d ph)18(ysi)17(ci)18(an)17(s)18(, airlin)18(e pilots\), peak fun)18(cti)17(onin)18(g is)]TJ 0.00301 Tw -2.21416 -1.25002 Td [(criti)18(cal at all tim)17(es \(H)18(or)18(owitz, Cad)17(e)36(, W)36(olfe)36(, & Czeisler)73(, 2001\). Ni)18(gh)17(t-shift work)18(ers n)18(ot only e)17(xpe-)]TJ 0 Tw T* (ri)Tj 0.57495 0 Td (en)Tj 0.026 Tw 0.96387 0 Td (ce loss o)Tj -0.00011 Tc 3.55074 0 Td (f)Tj 0 Tc 0.63649 0 Td (sleep an)Tj -0.00011 Tc 3.35905 0 Td (d)Tj 0 Tc 0 Tw 0.82147 0 Td (misali)Tj 2.37051 0 Td (gnm)Tj 0.026 Tw 1.7229 0 Td [(en)18(t o)17(f cir)18(cadi)18(an phase)35(, th)18(ey also suffer gr)18(eater risk o)17(f gastri)18(c)]TJ 0.14999 Tc 0.03 Tw 7 0 0 7 307.05438 32.48511 Tm [(THE IMP)55(A)18(CT OF LI)17(GHT ON OUT)36(COMES IN HEAL)55(THCARE SETTINGS / )]TJ /T1_1 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 9 0 0 9 552.99677 32.48511 Tm (6)Tj ET endstream endobj 292 0 obj<> endobj 293 0 obj<> endobj 297 0 obj 9026 endobj 298 0 obj<>stream 1 g 1 i /GS0 gs 0 792 0 0 re f 0 0 0 1 k /GS1 gs BT /T1_0 1 Tf 0 Tc 0.00301 Tw 0 Ts 100 Tz 0 Tr 12 0 0 12 274.00031 729.31342 Tm [(an)18(d d)17(u)18(od)18(en)17(al ulcers an)18(d car)18(di)17(ovascular diseases \(H)18(or)18(owitz)]TJ 0.045 Tw 0 -1.25 TD [(et al., 2001\). Th)18(eir d)17(ecr)18(eased alertn)18(ess)17(, perf)18(orm)18(an)17(ce)36(, an)18(d)]TJ 0.14799 Tw T* [(vi)18(gilan)17(ce m)18(ay be r)18(espon)17(sible f)18(or m)18(or)17(e err)18(ors on th)18(e job)]TJ 0.00101 Tc 0.442 Tw T* [(\(Smith-Coggin)18(s)17(, Rosekin)18(d)17(,)-1( )-1(B)-1(u)17(ccin)17(o, Din)18(g)17(es)18(, & M)17(o)-1(s)-1(e)-1(r)72(,)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw T* (1997\).)Tj -0.005 Tc 0.06799 Tw 0 -1.916 TD [(Th)17(e timin)18(g o)18(f th)17(e sleep\320wak)18(e sch)18(ed)18(ule an)17(d work sch)18(ed)18(ule)]TJ 0.233 Tw 0 -1.25 TD [(o)18(f ni)17(gh)18(t-shift n)18(urses r)17(em)18(ain)18(s perm)17(an)18(en)17(tly out o)18(f phase)]TJ 0.146 Tw T* [(with th)18(e n)17(atur)18(al li)18(gh)17(t/d)18(ark cycle)35(, an)18(d this causes h)18(ealth)]TJ 0.08501 Tw T* [(pr)18(oblem)17(s)18(. 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Chan)17(g)18(es in m)18(ood ar)18(e lik)17(ely to affect chan)18(g)18(es in)]TJ 0.043 Tw T* [(behavi)18(or an)17(d perf)18(orm)18(an)17(ce at work. H)18(owever)73(, m)18(ood chan)17(g)18(es d)18(o n)18(ot r)17(em)18(ain th)18(e sam)17(e acr)18(oss dif-)]TJ 0.11 Tw T* [(fer)18(en)17(t people with th)18(e sam)18(e li)17(gh)18(tin)17(g con)18(diti)18(on)17(s)18(. 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Gr)18(eater sunli)17(gh)18(t has also been link)18(ed)]TJ -0.008 Tc 0.442 Tw T* [(to hi)18(gh)17(er job satisf)18(acti)18(on \(Leath)17(er)73(, Pyr)18(gas)18(, Beale)35(, &)]TJ -0.00999 Tc 0.03 Tw T* [(Lawr)18(en)17(ce)36(, 1998\).)]TJ 0 Tc 0 Tw 0 -1.916 TD (Win)Tj 0.048 Tw 1.48267 0 Td [(d)18(ows ar)18(e a sour)17(ce o)18(f d)18(ayli)17(gh)18(t an)18(d vi)17(ews)18(, an)18(d it seem)17(s)]TJ 0.15601 Tw -1.48267 -1.25 Td [(n)18(atur)18(al that th)17(e pr)18(esen)18(ce o)17(f win)18(d)18(ows at work would be)]TJ -0.021 Tw 0 -1.25 TD [(r)18(elated to impr)18(oved m)17(ood an)18(d work perf)18(orm)18(an)17(ce)36(. H)17(owever)73(,)]TJ 0.037 Tw T* (this has been challen)Tj 0 Tw 8.74013 0 Td (gin)Tj -0.00011 Tc 1.27881 0 Td (g)Tj 0 Tc 0.037 Tw 0.83282 0 Td [(to pr)18(ove)35(. In som)18(e stu)18(di)18(es)17(, hav-)]TJ 0 Tw -10.85176 -1.24998 Td (in)Tj -0.00011 Tc 0.77881 0 Td (g)Tj 0 Tc 0.133 Tw 0.92921 0 Td (access to a win)Tj 6.56685 0.00002 Td (d)Tj 0.48219 0 Td (ow r)Tj 0 Tw 1.85637 0 Td (ed)Tj 0.94507 0 Td (u)Tj 0.133 Tw 0.48218 0 Td [(ced n)18(egative m)17(ood in som)18(e)]TJ 0 Tw -12.0407 -1.25003 Td (people)Tj -0.0002 Tc 2.64868 0 Td (,)Tj 0 Tc 0.8157 0 Td (th)Tj 0.224 Tw 0.853 0 Td [(ough n)18(ot in oth)17(er stu)18(di)18(es \(Boyce)36(, H)17(un)18(ter)73(, &)]TJ 0.14999 Tc 0.03 Tw 7 0 0 7 307.05438 32.48511 Tm [(THE IMP)55(A)18(CT OF LI)17(GHT ON OUT)36(COMES IN HEAL)55(THCARE SETTINGS / )]TJ /T1_1 1 Tf 0 Tc 0 Tw 9 0 0 9 552.99677 32.48511 Tm (7)Tj ET /CS0 cs 0.14999 scn 90 557.99506 174 182.005 re f /CS1 cs 1 scn /GS2 gs BT /T1_1 1 Tf -0.017 Tc 0.03 Tw 14 0 0 14 98 721.86566 Tm [(Better outcomes f)18(or)]TJ 0 -1.14285 TD [(patients on the unit\325)18(s)]TJ T* (bright side )Tj 0 0 0 1 k ET /GS1 gs BT /T1_0 1 Tf -0.00011 Tc 0 Tw 12 0 0 12 98 670.86566 Tm (\245)Tj 0 Tc 0.03 Tw 1.002 0 Td [(Experi)18(en)17(ced less per)18(ceived)]TJ 0 Tw 0 -1.25 TD [(str)18(ess)17(. )]TJ -0.00011 Tc -1.002 -1.58333 Td (\245)Tj 0 Tc 0.03 Tw 1.002 0 Td [(Experi)18(en)17(ced less pain. )]TJ -0.00011 Tc -1.002 -1.58334 Td (\245)Tj 0 Tc 1.002 0 Td [(T)55(ook 22% less an)18(alg)17(esi)18(c m)18(ed-)]TJ T* [(i)18(cati)18(on per h)17(our)73(. )]TJ -0.00011 Tc -1.002 -1.58334 Td (\245)Tj 0 Tc 1.002 0 Td [(In)18(c)-1(urr)18(ed 21% less m)18(edi)18(cati)17(on)]TJ T* [(costs \(W)36(alch et al., 2005\).)]TJ ET /CS0 cs 0.14999 scn 90 70 174 143.00201 re f /CS1 cs 1 scn /GS2 gs BT /T1_1 1 Tf -0.017 Tc 0 Tw 14 0 0 14 98 194.86819 Tm [(Windo)18(w)17(s)]TJ 0 0 0 1 k ET /GS1 gs BT /T1_0 1 Tf -0.00011 Tc 12 0 0 12 98 175.86819 Tm (\245)Tj 0 Tc 0.03 Tw 1.002 0 Td [(P)36(eople pr)18(efer d)17(ayli)18(gh)18(t to)]TJ 0 Tw T* (artifi)Tj 1.98244 0 Td (ci)Tj 0.03 Tw 0.68579 0 Td (al sour)Tj 2.7332 0 Td (ces o)Tj -0.0002 Tc 2.08527 0.00002 Td (f)Tj 0 Tc 0 Tw 0.64023 0 Td (li)Tj 0.03 Tw 0.519 0 Td [(gh)18(t f)17(or)]TJ -8.6459 -1.25002 Td (work an)Tj -0.00011 Tc 3.17802 0 Td (d)Tj 0 Tc 0.82549 0 Td [(pr)18(efer to be close)]TJ -4.00352 -1.25002 Td [(to win)18(d)17(ows)18(.)]TJ -0.00011 Tc -1.002 -1.58334 Td (\245)Tj 0 Tc 1.002 0 Td [(Glar)18(e an)17(d th)18(erm)18(al discomf)17(ort)]TJ T* (m)Tj 0.7041 0 Td (ay impact m)Tj 5.00206 0 Td [(ood an)18(d task)]TJ -5.70616 -1.25002 Td [(perf)18(orm)18(an)17(ce n)18(egatively)72(.)]TJ ET endstream endobj 299 0 obj<> endobj 300 0 obj 6466 endobj 301 0 obj<>stream 1 g 1 i /GS0 gs 0 792 0 0 re f 0 0 0 1 k /GS1 gs BT /T1_0 1 Tf 0 Tc 0.03 Tw 0 Ts 100 Tz 0 Tr 12 0 0 12 90 729.31342 Tm [(H)18(owlett, 2003\). 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I)18(t is importan)17(t to pr)18(ovi)18(d)17(e access to d)18(ayli)18(gh)17(t alon)18(g with oppor-)]TJ 0.03 Tw T* [(tunity to con)18(tr)17(ol glar)18(e an)18(d li)17(gh)18(tin)17(g levels \(Boyce)36(, H)18(un)17(ter)73(, & H)18(owlett, 2003\). )]TJ /T1_1 1 Tf 14 0 0 14 90 610.3454 Tm [(Affecting per)18(ceiv)17(ed str)18(ess and satisf)18(action)]TJ /T1_0 1 Tf 0.054 Tw 12 0 0 12 90 587.35352 Tm [(Th)17(er)18(e ar)18(e few empiri)18(cal stu)17(di)18(es that have e)18(x)18(amin)17(ed th)18(e impact o)18(f li)17(gh)18(t\321artifi)17(ci)18(al or n)18(atur)17(al\321)]TJ 0.015 Tw T* [(on m)18(ood or task perf)17(orm)18(an)18(ce in h)17(ealthcar)18(e settin)18(gs)17(. A stu)18(d)18(y o)18(f 141 n)17(urses in T)36(urk)18(ey f)18(oun)17(d that)]TJ 0.017 Tw T* [(n)18(urses wh)18(o wer)17(e e)18(xposed to d)18(ayli)17(gh)18(t f)18(or at least 3 h)17(ours a d)18(ay e)18(xperi)18(en)17(ced less str)18(ess an)17(d wer)18(e)]TJ 0.009 Tw T* [(m)18(or)18(e satisfi)17(ed at work \(Alim)18(oglu & Donm)18(ez, 2005\). A survey con)18(d)17(u)18(cted at a n)18(ew m)18(edi)17(cal cen)18(ter)]TJ 0.019 Tw T* [(in)17(corpor)18(atin)18(g m)18(an)17(y d)18(ayli)17(gh)18(t-enhan)18(cin)17(g featur)18(es \(su)18(ch as atrium)17(s an)18(d win)18(d)17(ows in pati)18(en)18(t r)17(oom)18(s)]TJ -0.017 Tw T* [(an)18(d oper)17(atin)18(g r)18(oom)17(s\) e)18(x)18(amin)18(ed th)17(e impact o)18(f n)18(atur)17(al li)18(gh)18(t on staff satisf)17(acti)18(on. 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Th)17(er)18(e is n)18(eed f)17(or furth)18(er r)18(esear)17(ch to un)18(d)18(erstan)18(d th)17(e)]TJ 0.06 Tw -15.2312 -1.25002 Td [(importan)18(ce o)17(f n)18(atur)18(al li)17(gh)18(t to staff, as well as th)18(e impact o)17(f artifi)18(ci)18(al li)17(gh)18(t on staff m)17(ood an)18(d)]TJ 0 Tw T* (perf)Tj 1.57495 0.00002 Td [(orm)18(an)17(ce)36(. )]TJ /CS0 cs 1 scn /T1_1 1 Tf 16 0 0 16 90 390.3855 Tm (F)Tj -0.028 Tc 0.03 Tw 0.41728 0 Td (acilitating dir)Tj 5.48141 0 Td (ect absorption f)Tj 6.44563 0 Td (or critical chemical r)Tj 8.30775 0 Td (eactions in the body)Tj 0 0 0 1 k /T1_0 1 Tf 0 Tc 0.04201 Tw 12 0 0 12 90 367.39343 Tm [(Li)18(gh)17(t r)18(adi)17(ati)18(on is absorbed dir)18(ectly by th)17(e bod)18(y thr)18(ough th)18(e skin, an)17(d this stim)18(ulates ch)18(emi)17(cal)]TJ 0.026 Tw T* [(r)18(eacti)17(o)1(n)17(s in th)18(e blood an)18(d oth)17(er tissues)18(. Th)18(er)17(e ar)18(e two impli)18(cati)17(on)18(s o)18(f this on h)17(ealth outcom)18(es)]TJ 0.03 Tw T* [(in h)18(ealthcar)17(e settin)18(gs)18(. I)17(t)]TJ -0.00011 Tc 1.2 -1.58333 Td (\245)Tj 0 Tc 0.82541 0 Td [(supports Vitamin D m)18(etabolism an)17(d)]TJ -0.00011 Tc -0.82541 -1.58334 Td (\245)Tj 0 Tc 0.82549 0 Td [(pr)18(even)17(ts jaun)18(di)18(ce)35(.)]TJ /T1_1 1 Tf 14 0 0 14 90 270.42538 Tm (Supporting vitamin D metabolism)Tj /T1_0 1 Tf 0.045 Tw 12 0 0 12 90 247.4334 Tm [(On)18(e o)17(f th)18(e well-kn)18(own ben)17(efi)18(ci)17(al ph)18(otoch)18(emi)17(cal pr)18(ocess that occur this way in th)18(e bod)17(y is th)18(e)]TJ 0.05099 Tw T* [(m)18(etabolism o)18(f vitamin D. Resear)17(ch sh)18(ows that m)18(ost o)17(f th)18(e vitamin D in th)18(e blood can only be)]TJ T* (d)Tj 0.01601 Tw 0.48216 0 Td [(erived by e)18(xposur)17(e to li)18(gh)18(t \(M)17(cColl & V)36(eitch, 2001\). 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Furth)18(er)73(, V)36(eitch \(1993\) sugg)17(ests that full-)]TJ 0.112 Tw T* [(spectrum flu)18(or)17(escen)18(t li)18(gh)17(tin)18(g is n)18(ot feasible fr)17(om an econ)18(omi)18(c stan)17(dpoin)18(t. Compar)18(ed to cool)]TJ 0.017 Tw T* (white lamps)Tj -0.00011 Tc 4.86882 0 Td (,)Tj 0 Tc 0.6088 0 Td [(full-spectrum flu)18(or)17(escen)18(t li)18(gh)17(ts ar)18(e about 6 tim)18(es m)17(or)18(e e)18(xpen)17(sive an)18(d pr)18(ovi)18(d)17(e less)]TJ 0 Tw -5.4776 -1.25002 Td (li)Tj 0.10201 Tw 0.5188 0 Td [(gh)18(t per unit electri)17(cal en)18(er)18(gy \(V)35(eitch, 1993\). T)55(o m)18(ain)18(tain curr)17(en)18(t r)17(ecomm)18(en)18(d)17(ed li)18(gh)18(t levels)17(,)]TJ 0.089 Tw -0.5188 -1.25002 Td [(full-spectrum li)18(gh)17(ts would r)18(esult in hi)18(gh)17(er electri)18(city costs than oth)18(er lamp types)17(. Also, lamp)]TJ 0.05701 Tw T* (life f)Tj 1.96448 0 Td [(or full-spectrum flu)18(or)17(escen)18(t li)18(gh)17(t in som)18(e in)18(stallati)17(on)18(s m)18(ay be less than oth)17(er lamp types)]TJ 0 Tw -1.96448 -1.25002 Td (\(V)Tj 0.03 Tw 0.83398 0 Td (eitch, 1993\). )Tj -0.01801 Tw -0.83398 -1.916 Td [(Wh)17(er)18(e g)18(ood color r)18(en)17(d)18(erin)18(g an)17(d bri)18(gh)18(t, chan)17(gin)18(g, visu)18(al envir)17(onm)18(en)17(ts ar)18(e d)18(esir)18(able)35(, en)18(er)18(gy-effi-)]TJ 0 Tw T* (ci)Tj 0.68579 0 Td (en)Tj -0.0002 Tc 0.96387 0 Td (t)Tj 0.78667 0 Td (n)Tj 0 Tc 0.50117 0 Td (atur)Tj -0.0002 Tc 1.61182 0 Td (al)Tj 0 Tc 0.13901 Tw 1.15659 0 Td [(li)18(gh)17(t is i)18(d)18(eal. Wh)17(er)18(ever possible in h)18(ealthcar)17(e settin)18(gs)18(, n)17(atur)18(al li)18(gh)17(t sh)18(ould be)]TJ -0.006 Tw -5.70592 -1.25002 Td [(in)17(corpor)18(ated in)18(to li)18(gh)17(tin)18(g d)17(esi)18(gn n)18(ot only because it is ben)17(efi)18(ci)18(al to pati)17(en)18(ts an)17(d staff, but also)]TJ 0.03 Tw T* [(because it is li)18(gh)17(t d)18(eliver)18(ed at n)17(o cost an)18(d in a f)18(orm that is pr)17(efer)18(able to m)18(ost people)36(.)]TJ /CS0 cs 1 scn /T1_1 1 Tf -0.028 Tc 16 0 0 16 90 381.36148 Tm [(Refer)18(ences Cited)]TJ 0 0 0 1 k /T1_0 1 Tf 0 Tc 0.089 Tw 10 0 0 10 90 360.36948 Tm [(A)18(ck)17(erm)18(an, B)36(., Sh)17(erwonit, E., & Fisk, W)92(. \(1989\). Red)18(u)18(ced in)17(ci)18(d)18(en)17(tal li)18(gh)17(t e)18(xposur)18(e: Effect on th)17(e d)18(evelopm)18(en)17(t o)18(f)]TJ 0.03 Tw 1.44 -1.3 Td [(r)18(etin)17(opath)18(y o)18(f pr)18(em)17(aturity in low birth wei)18(gh)18(t inf)17(an)18(ts)17(. )]TJ /T1_2 1 Tf 10 0 0 10 330.89078 347.36948 Tm [(P)18(ediatrics)17(, 83)]TJ /T1_0 1 Tf 10 0 0 10 384.8562 347.36948 Tm (\(6\), 958\320962.)Tj 0 Tw -29.48563 -2.0992 Td (Alim)Tj 0.08299 Tw 1.79663 0 Td (oglu, M. K., & Donm)Tj 8.53154 0 Td (ez, L. \(2005\). Dayli)Tj 8.05789 0 Td [(gh)18(t e)17(xposur)18(e an)18(d th)17(e oth)18(er pr)18(edi)17(ctors o)18(f burn)18(out am)18(on)17(g n)18(urses in a)]TJ 0.03 Tw -16.94606 -1.3 Td [(university h)18(ospital. )]TJ /T1_2 1 Tf 10 0 0 10 186.08801 313.3775 Tm [(International Journal o)18(f Nursing Studies)17(, 42)]TJ /T1_0 1 Tf 10 0 0 10 362.27219 313.3775 Tm (\(5\), 549\320555.)Tj 0.069 Tw -27.22722 -2.0992 Td [(Baehr)73(, E., Fogg, L. F)73(., & Eastm)17(an, C. I. \(1999\). In)18(termitten)18(t bri)18(gh)17(t li)18(gh)17(t an)18(d e)18(x)18(er)17(cise to en)18(tr)18(ain h)17(um)18(an cir)18(cadi)17(an)]TJ 0 Tw 1.44 -1.3 Td (rh)Tj 0.81592 0.00002 Td (ythm)Tj -0.00011 Tc 2.01855 0.00002 Td (s)Tj 0 Tc 0.03 Tw 0.71431 0 Td (to ni)Tj 0 Tw 1.95621 0.00002 Td (gh)Tj -0.00011 Tc 1.00098 0.00002 Td (t)Tj 0 Tc 0.67735 0 Td (work. )Tj /T1_2 1 Tf 0.03 Tw 10 0 0 10 201.33319 279.3855 Tm (American Journal o)Tj -0.00011 Tc 7.66586 0.00002 Td (f)Tj 0 Tc 0 Tw 0.64038 0 Td (Physiology)Tj -0.00011 Tc 4.07304 0.00002 Td (,)Tj 0 Tc 0.62149 0 Td (277)Tj /T1_0 1 Tf 10 0 0 10 346.34006 279.3855 Tm (,)Tj 0.62154 0 Td (1598\3201604.)Tj 0.05099 Tw -26.25554 -2.0992 Td [(Beau)18(ch)17(emin, K. M., & H)18(ays)17(, P)92(. \(1996\). Sunn)18(y h)17(ospital r)18(oom)18(s e)18(xpedite r)17(ecovery fr)18(om sever)18(e an)17(d r)18(efr)18(actory d)18(epr)17(es-)]TJ 0 Tw 1.44 -1.3 Td [(si)18(on)17(s)18(. )]TJ /T1_2 1 Tf 0.03 Tw 10 0 0 10 130.82379 245.39339 Tm [(Journal o)18(f Affective Disorders)17(, 40)]TJ /T1_0 1 Tf 10 0 0 10 263.39908 245.39339 Tm (\(1-2\), 49\32051.)Tj 0 Tw -17.3399 -2.0992 Td (Beau)Tj 1.96387 0.00002 Td (ch)Tj 0.02499 Tw 0.92674 0 Td (emin, K. M., & H)Tj 6.83839 0 Td [(ays)18(, P)91(. \(1998\). Dyin)18(g in th)18(e d)17(ark: Sun)18(shin)18(e)36(, g)18(en)17(d)18(er an)18(d outcom)17(es in m)18(yocar)18(di)17(al inf)18(ar)18(cti)17(on.)]TJ /T1_2 1 Tf 0.03 Tw 10 0 0 10 104.40001 211.4014 Tm [(Journal o)18(f the Royal Society o)17(f Medicine)36(, 91)]TJ /T1_0 1 Tf 10 0 0 10 280.81461 211.4014 Tm (\(7\), 352\320354.)Tj 0 Tw -19.08147 -2.0992 Td (Beg)Tj 1.50098 0.00002 Td (em)Tj 0.05701 Tw 1.16699 0.00002 Td (ann, S. H. A., van d)Tj 8.28101 0.00002 Td (en Beld)Tj -0.00011 Tc 3.09419 0.00002 Td (,)Tj 0 Tc 0.64857 0 Td (G. J., & T)Tj 0 Tw 3.92642 0.00002 Td (enn)Tj 1.48267 0.00002 Td (er)Tj -0.00011 Tc 0.70483 0.00002 Td (,)Tj 0 Tc 0.05701 Tw 0.64864 0 Td [(A. D. \(1997\). Dayli)18(gh)17(t, artifi)18(ci)17(al li)18(gh)18(t an)17(d people in an o)18(ffi)18(ce)]TJ 0.02 Tw -20.01431 -1.30003 Td [(envir)18(onm)17(en)18(t: Overvi)18(ew o)17(f visu)18(al an)18(d bi)17(ologi)18(cal r)18(espon)17(ses)18(. )]TJ /T1_2 1 Tf 10 0 0 10 342.32248 177.40939 Tm [(International Journal o)18(f Industrial Ergonomics)17(, 20)]TJ /T1_0 1 Tf 0 Tw 10 0 0 10 542.6438 177.40939 Tm (\(3\),)Tj -43.8244 -1.3 Td (231\320239.)Tj 0.007 Tw -1.44 -2.0992 Td [(Ben)18(ed)17(etti, F)73(., Colombo, C., Barbini, B)36(., Campori, E., & Sm)18(er)17(aldi, E. \(2001\). M)18(ornin)18(g sunli)17(gh)18(t r)18(ed)17(u)18(ces len)18(gth o)18(f h)17(os-)]TJ 0.03 Tw 1.44 -1.3 Td [(pitalizati)18(on in bipolar d)17(epr)18(essi)18(on. )]TJ /T1_2 1 Tf 10 0 0 10 245.40302 130.4174 Tm [(Journal o)18(f Affective Disorders)17(, 62)]TJ /T1_0 1 Tf 10 0 0 10 377.97815 130.4174 Tm (\(3\), 221\320223.)Tj 0.13 Tw -28.79782 -2.0992 Td (Blackburn, S., & P)Tj 7.68456 0.00002 Td (atteson, D. \(1991\). Effects o)Tj -0.0002 Tc 12.12889 0.00002 Td (f)Tj 0 Tc 0.74081 0 Td [(cycled li)18(gh)17(t on activity state an)18(d car)18(di)17(or)18(espir)18(atory fun)17(cti)18(on in)]TJ 0 Tw -19.11426 -1.3 Td (pr)Tj 0.03 Tw 0.79712 0.00002 Td (eterm inf)Tj 0 Tw 3.73369 0.00002 Td (an)Tj 0.96387 0.00002 Td (ts)Tj -0.0002 Tc 0.7229 0.00002 Td (.)Tj /T1_2 1 Tf 0 Tc 0.03 Tw 10 0 0 10 172.78967 96.4254 Tm (Journal o)Tj -0.00011 Tc 3.71318 0.00002 Td (f)Tj 0.64043 0 Td (P)Tj 0 Tc 0.48218 0.00002 Td (erinatal & Neonatal Nursing, 4)Tj /T1_0 1 Tf 10 0 0 10 342.99286 96.4254 Tm (\(4\), 47\32054.)Tj 0.05099 Tw -25.29929 -2.0992 Td [(Boivin, D., & J)18(am)17(es)18(, F)73(. \(2002\). Cir)18(cadi)17(an ad)18(aptati)18(on to ni)17(gh)18(t-shift work by ju)18(di)17(ci)18(ous li)17(gh)18(t an)18(d d)17(arkn)18(ess e)18(xposur)17(e)36(.)]TJ /T1_2 1 Tf 0.03 Tw 10 0 0 10 104.40001 62.4334 Tm (Journal o)Tj -0.00011 Tc 3.71318 0.00002 Td (f)Tj 0 Tc 0.6404 0 Td (Biological Rhythms)Tj -0.00011 Tc 7.48911 0.00002 Td (,)Tj 0 Tc 0 Tw 0.62146 0 Td (17)Tj /T1_0 1 Tf 0.03 Tw 10 0 0 10 239.0407 62.4334 Tm (\(6\), 556\320567.)Tj 0.14999 Tc 7 0 0 7 300.55038 32.48511 Tm [(THE IMP)55(A)18(CT OF LI)17(GHT)1( ON OUT)35(COMES IN HEAL)55(THCARE SETTINGS / )]TJ /T1_1 1 Tf 0.16701 Tc 0 Tw 9 0 0 9 546.4928 32.48511 Tm (10)Tj ET endstream endobj 310 0 obj<> endobj 311 0 obj 9490 endobj 312 0 obj<>stream 1 g 1 i /GS0 gs 0 792 0 0 re f 0 0 0 1 k /GS1 gs BT /T1_0 1 Tf 0 Tc 0.24699 Tw 0 Ts 100 Tz 0 Tr 10 0 0 10 90 730.76117 Tm [(Boyce)36(, P)91(., H)18(un)18(ter)73(, C., & H)17(owlett, O)55(. \(2003\). )]TJ /T1_1 1 Tf 10 0 0 10 288.7644 730.76117 Tm [(The benefits o)18(f daylight through windows)]TJ /T1_0 1 Tf -0.0002 Tc 0 Tw 10 0 0 10 464.49118 730.76117 Tm (.)Tj 0 Tc 0.24699 Tw 0.83817 0 Td [(T)36(r)18(oy)72(, NY)18(: Ren)18(sselaer)]TJ -36.84727 -1.3 Td (P)Tj 0.03 Tw 0.46411 0.00002 Td [(olytechni)18(c In)17(stitute)36(.)]TJ -0.00011 Tc -1.90411 -2.0992 Td (B)Tj 0 Tc 0.05701 Tw 0.55591 0.00002 Td [(u)18(chan)17(an, T)73(. L., Bark)18(er)73(, K. N., Gibson, J. T)73(., Ji)17(an)18(g, B)36(. C., & P)35(earson, R. E. \(1991\). Illumin)18(ati)18(on an)17(d err)18(ors in dis-)]TJ -0.0002 Tc 0.88409 -1.3 Td (p)Tj 0 Tc 0 Tw 0.49985 0.00002 Td [(en)18(sin)17(g. )]TJ /T1_1 1 Tf -0.00011 Tc 10 0 0 10 141.92978 683.76917 Tm (A)Tj 0 Tc 0.03 Tw 0.53691 0.00002 Td [(merican Journal o)18(f Hospital Pharmacy)73(, 48)]TJ /T1_0 1 Tf 0 Tw 10 0 0 10 313.86829 683.76917 Tm (\()Tj 0.03 Tw 0.36996 0.00002 Td (10\), 2137\3202145.)Tj -0.0002 Tc -22.75679 -2.0992 Td (C)Tj 0 Tc 0.05901 Tw 0.46283 0.00002 Td [(r)18(owley)73(, S., Lee)35(, C., T)36(sen)18(g, C., Fogg, L. F)73(., & Eastm)17(an, C. I. \(2003\). Combin)18(ati)18(on)17(s o)18(f bri)18(gh)17(t li)18(gh)18(t, sch)17(ed)18(uled d)18(ark,)]TJ -0.00101 Tw 0.97717 -1.3 Td [(sun)18(glasses)17(, an)18(d m)18(elatonin to f)17(acilitate cir)18(cadi)18(an en)17(tr)18(ainm)18(en)17(t to ni)18(gh)17(t shift work. )]TJ /T1_1 1 Tf 10 0 0 10 437.52048 649.77716 Tm [(Journal o)18(f Biological Rhythms)17(,)]TJ 0 Tw -33.31206 -1.3 Td (18)Tj /T1_0 1 Tf 0.03 Tw 10 0 0 10 114.40001 636.77716 Tm (\(6\), 513\320523.)Tj 0.033 Tw -2.44 -2.0992 Td [(Eastm)18(an, C. I., Y)55(oun)17(g, M. A., Fogg, L. F)73(., Liu, L., & M)18(ead)18(en, P)91(. M. \(1998\). Bri)18(gh)18(t li)17(gh)18(t tr)17(eatm)18(en)18(t o)17(f win)18(ter d)18(epr)17(es-)]TJ 0 Tw 1.44 -1.3 Td [(si)18(on. )]TJ /T1_1 1 Tf 0.03 Tw 10 0 0 10 127.29111 602.78516 Tm [(Archives o)18(f General Psychiatry)73(, 55)]TJ /T1_0 1 Tf 10 0 0 10 261.17502 602.78516 Tm (\(10\), 883.)Tj -0.01401 Tw -17.11751 -2.0992 Td [(Ed)18(war)17(ds)18(, L., & T)55(or)18(cellini, P)91(. \(2002\). )]TJ /T1_1 1 Tf -0.00011 Tc 0 Tw 10 0 0 10 235.43268 581.79321 Tm (A)Tj 0 Tc -0.01401 Tw 0.81892 0 Td [(literature review o)18(f the effects o)17(f natural light on building occupants)]TJ /T1_0 1 Tf 0 Tw 10 0 0 10 517.07452 581.79321 Tm [(\(T)55(echni)17(cal)]TJ 0.03 Tw -41.26746 -1.3 Td [(r)18(eport\). Gold)18(en, CO: N)17(ati)18(on)18(al Ren)17(ewable En)18(er)17(gy Labor)18(atory)73(.)]TJ -0.00101 Tw -1.44 -2.0992 Td [(Fed)18(erm)17(an, E. J., Dr)18(ebin)18(g, C. E., Boisvert, C., & P)35(enk, W)92(. \(2000\). Relati)18(on)17(ship between clim)18(ate an)18(d psychi)17(atri)18(c inpa-)]TJ 0.01401 Tw 1.44 -1.3 Td [(ti)17(en)18(t len)18(gth o)17(f stay in V)36(eter)18(an)17(s H)18(ealth A)17(d)18(ministr)18(ati)18(on h)17(ospitals)18(. )]TJ /T1_1 1 Tf 10 0 0 10 368.8735 534.80109 Tm [(American Journal o)18(f Psychiatry)73(, 157)]TJ /T1_0 1 Tf 10 0 0 10 511.58566 534.80109 Tm (\(10\), 1669.)Tj 0.021 Tw -42.15857 -2.0992 Td [(Giun)18(ta, F)72(., & Rath, J. \(1969\). Effect o)18(f envir)18(onm)18(en)17(tal illumin)18(ati)17(on in pr)18(even)18(ti)17(on o)18(f h)17(yperbilirubin)18(emi)18(a o)18(f pr)17(em)18(atu-)]TJ 0 Tw 1.44 -1.3 Td [(rity)73(. )]TJ /T1_1 1 Tf 0.03 Tw 10 0 0 10 123.7682 500.80911 Tm [(P)18(ediatrics)17(, 44)]TJ /T1_0 1 Tf 10 0 0 10 177.73347 500.80911 Tm (\(2\), 162\320167.)Tj 0.09599 Tw -8.77335 -2.09921 Td [(H)18(eerwag)18(en, J., & H)17(eerwag)18(en, D. \(1986\). Li)18(gh)17(tin)18(g an)18(d psych)17(ologi)18(cal comf)18(ort. )]TJ /T1_1 1 Tf 10 0 0 10 414.62006 479.8172 Tm (Lighting Design and Application, 6)Tj /T1_0 1 Tf 0 Tw 10 0 0 10 555.04077 479.8172 Tm (,)Tj -45.06409 -1.3 Td (47\32051.)Tj 0.08501 Tw -1.44 -2.0992 Td [(H)18(or)18(owitz, T)73(., Cad)17(e)36(, B)36(., W)36(olfe)36(, J., & Czeisler)72(, C. \( 2001\). Effi)18(cacy o)18(f bri)18(gh)17(t li)18(gh)17(t an)18(d sleep/d)18(arkn)17(ess s)1(ch)17(ed)18(ulin)18(g in)]TJ 0.299 Tw 1.44 -1.3 Td [(allevi)18(atin)17(g cir)18(cadi)18(an m)17(alad)18(aptati)18(on to ni)17(gh)18(t work. )]TJ /T1_1 1 Tf 10 0 0 10 328.30566 432.8252 Tm [(American Journal o)18(f Physiology \321 Endocrinology and)]TJ 0.03 Tw -22.39056 -1.3 Td (Metabolism, 281)Tj /T1_0 1 Tf 0 Tw 10 0 0 10 170.20367 419.8252 Tm (,)Tj 0.62152 0 Td (384\320391.)Tj -8.64189 -2.0992 Td (I)Tj 0.01199 Tw 0.35205 0 Td (wata, N., I)Tj 4.33714 0 Td [(chii, S., & Egashir)18(a, K. \(1997\). Effects o)17(f bri)18(gh)18(t artifi)17(ci)18(al li)17(gh)18(t on subjective m)18(ood o)18(f shift work n)17(urses)18(.)]TJ /T1_1 1 Tf 0.03 Tw 10 0 0 10 104.40001 385.83319 Tm (Industrial Health, 35)Tj /T1_0 1 Tf 0 Tw 10 0 0 10 187.89459 385.83319 Tm (,)Tj 0.62151 0 Td (41\32047.)Tj 0.02299 Tw -10.41096 -2.0992 Td [(K)18(enn)18(ed)17(y)73(, K., Fi)18(eld)18(er)73(, A., H)17(ar)18(d)18(y)73(, R., T)36(un)17(g, B)36(., Gor)18(d)18(on, D., & Reyn)17(olds)18(, J. \(2001\). Red)18(u)18(ced li)17(gh)18(tin)17(g d)18(oes n)18(ot impr)18(ove)]TJ 0.03 Tw 1.44 -1.3 Td [(m)18(edi)18(cal outcom)17(es in very low birth wei)18(gh)18(t inf)17(an)18(ts)17(. )]TJ /T1_1 1 Tf 10 0 0 10 315.48068 351.84119 Tm [(Journal o)18(f P)18(edia)-1(t)1(ri)-1(c)1(s)17(, 139)]TJ /T1_0 1 Tf 10 0 0 10 417.98215 351.84119 Tm (\(4\), 527\320531.)Tj 0 Tw -32.79822 -2.0992 Td (LaGar)Tj 2.20361 0 Td (ce)Tj -0.00011 Tc 0.85278 0 Td (,)Tj 0 Tc 0.03 Tw 0.62212 0 Td [(M. \(2002\). Con)18(tr)17(ol o)18(f envir)18(onm)17(en)18(tal li)18(gh)17(tin)18(g an)17(d its effects on behavi)18(ors o)18(f th)17(e Alzh)18(eim)18(er\325s type)36(. )]TJ /T1_1 1 Tf 0 Tw 10 0 0 10 528.75409 330.84918 Tm (Journal)Tj 0.03 Tw -42.43541 -1.3 Td [(o)18(f Interior Design, 28)]TJ /T1_0 1 Tf 10 0 0 10 190.40739 317.84918 Tm (\(2\), 15\32025.)Tj 0.07401 Tw -10.04074 -2.09921 Td [(Leath)18(er)72(, P)92(., Pyr)18(gas)18(, M., Beale)35(, D., & Lawr)18(en)18(ce)35(, C. \(1998\). Win)18(d)18(ows in th)17(e workplace: Sunli)18(gh)18(t, vi)17(ew)73(, an)18(d occupa-)]TJ 0.03 Tw 1.44 -1.3 Td [(ti)17(on)18(al str)18(ess)17(. )]TJ /T1_1 1 Tf 10 0 0 10 159.82089 283.85718 Tm [(Environment & Behavior)73(, 30)]TJ /T1_0 1 Tf 10 0 0 10 270.82581 283.85718 Tm (\(6\), 739\320762.)Tj 0 Tw -18.08258 -2.0992 Td (Leppam)Tj -0.00999 Tw 3.07373 0.00002 Td (aki, S., P)Tj 0 Tw 3.57162 0.00002 Td (arton)Tj -0.00999 Tw 2.13062 0.00002 Td (en, T)Tj 1.93462 0.00002 Td (., Piir)Tj 2.23076 0.00002 Td [(oin)18(en, P)91(., H)18(aukk)18(a, J., & Lonnqvist, J. \(2003\). Tim)17(ed bri)18(gh)18(t-li)17(gh)18(t e)18(xposur)17(e an)18(d com-)]TJ 0.03 Tw -11.50134 -1.30003 Td [(plain)18(ts r)17(elated to shift work am)18(on)18(g wom)17(en. )]TJ /T1_1 1 Tf 10 0 0 10 286.28339 249.8651 Tm [(Scandinavian Journal o)18(f Environmental Health, 29)]TJ /T1_0 1 Tf 10 0 0 10 486.53006 249.8651 Tm (\(1\), 22\32026.)Tj 0.076 Tw -39.65302 -2.0992 Td [(Lewy)73(, A. J., Bauer)73(, V)91(. K., Cutler)73(, N. L., Sack, R. L., Ahm)18(ed)18(, S., Th)17(om)18(as)18(, K. H., et al. \(1998\). M)17(ornin)18(g vs)18(. evenin)17(g)]TJ 0.03 Tw 1.44 -1.3 Td [(li)17(gh)18(t tr)18(eatm)17(en)18(t o)18(f pati)17(en)18(ts with win)17(ter d)18(epr)18(essi)17(on. )]TJ /T1_1 1 Tf 10 0 0 10 314.86978 215.8732 Tm [(Archives o)18(f General Psychiatry)73(, 55)]TJ /T1_0 1 Tf 10 0 0 10 448.75366 215.8732 Tm (\(10\), 890\320896.)Tj 0.067 Tw -35.87537 -2.0992 Td [(Lewy)73(, A. J., N)18(urnber)17(g)18(er)73(, J. I., W)36(ehr)73(, T)72(. A., P)36(ack, D., Beck)18(er)73(, L. E., P)35(owell, R.-L., et al. \(1985\). 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