ࡱ> _ atbjbj 8bbalppL*PK T_,JJJJJJJ$2NPJ...J K111.J1.J11FH&+/NGJ K0PKG~Qy0~Q4HH~QH$1(*JJ1PK....~Qp :  DEPARTMENT OF CRIMINOLOGY Seminar: ENVIRONMENTAL CRIME, Law and Justice: A Green Approach to Criminology CCJ 4993-01 SUMMER 2011 SYLLABUS Meeting Time: M-W-F, 3:30-5:50 Room: CPR 127 Instructor: Michael J. Lynch, Ph.D. Professor, Department of Criminology Associated Faculty, School of Global Sustainability  HYPERLINK "http://criminology.cbcs.usf.edu/facultyStaff/bio.cfm?ID=47" http://criminology.cbcs.usf.edu/facultyStaff/bio.cfm?ID=47 Office Location: SOC Office Hours: By appointment Phone: 974-8148 E-mail: mjlynch@usf.edu In the event of an emergency, it may be necessary for USF to suspend normal operations. During this time, USF may opt to continue delivery of instruction through methods that include but are not limited to: Blackboard, Elluminate, Skype, and email messaging and/or an alternate schedule. Its the responsibility of the student to monitor Blackboard site for each class for course specific communication, and the main USF, College, and department websites, emails, and MoBull messages for important general information. Course Description and objectives: Specific required readings are listed on this syllabus under the course outline. This course introduces students to three areas of relevance to the study of environmental crime. The first is the definition and measurement of environmental crime. Criminologists often discuss the measurement of crime in very limited ways, and only with respect to the measurement of street offenses. The majority of criminal offenses that occur in the US, however, are made up of non-street crimes, and include offenses that fit more broadly into categories we call corporate or white collar crime, governmental and state crimes, and environmental or green crimes. These crimes cause must more extensive financial losses than street crimes, and result in many more deaths and injuries that street crimes. In order to demonstrate this fact, it is necessary to become familiar with using methods of measuring environmental crime. Second, when criminologists discuss law they typically restrict their discussion to criminal laws that relate only to street crimes. They are a wide variety of laws that define non-street crimes such as corporate/white collar, governmental, state and environmental/green crimes. In order to be able to discuss the relevance of green crimes, criminologists must also become familiar with the laws that define these behaviors as crimes and how those laws are enforced. Third, this course reviews the kinds of behaviors that fall under the heading of green or environmental crimes. Green criminology has become a world-wide movement within criminology since its introduction in 1990. The relevance of green criminology expands as humans continue to harm and destroy the natural environment and hence the planet on which we live and seek solutions to these problems in ways that include legal responses and the expansion of social control. In some ways, you will get a unique view on the issue of green criminology in this course since I am the founder of the green criminological movement and have been working in this area since 1990 and on the relationship between criminology and environmental issues for more than 25 years. My perspective on this combination of criminology and the environment is fairly unique and incorporates my training an interest not only in criminology, but radical economics (e.g., I am a member of the Union of Radical Political Economists), environmental politics and movements, environmental toxicology and chemistry (e.g., I am the only criminologist in the world who has been accepted as a member of The Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry), and the use of sound scientific principles to manage contemporary social problems (e.g., I am a member of the Union of Concerned Scientists). In order to move this kind of project forward, it is also necessary to maintain ties with active environmental groups to keep abreast of news, to become in letter writing campaigns to influence political decision making and to support environmental groups that protect human and environmental health (e.g., I am a member of Waterkeepers, Greenpeace, World Wildlife Fund, and The Nature Conservancy).  Student Learning Outcomes: At the end of this course, students will be able to: define environmental and green crimes; identify laws and databases used to define and measure environmental/green crimes; and provide relevant examples of green crimes. Required Texts: Burns, Ronald G., Michael J. Lynch and Paul B. Stretesky. 2008. Environmental Crime, Law and Justice. New York: LFB Scholarly. Additional Readings: Listed under course outline and available by clicking on the appropriate links. Class Expectations: 1. Attendance. Students are required to attend class. Attendance is taken and counts as part of the grade in this course. 2. Absences due to Religious Observances: Students are expected to notify their instructors at the beginning of each academic term if they intend to be absent for a class or announced examination. Students absent for religious reasons, as noticed to the instructor at the beginning of each academic term, will be given reasonable opportunities to make up any work missed. For further information, please refer to: HYPERLINK "http://generalcounsel.usf.edu/policies-and-procedures/pdfs/policy-10-045.pdf"http://generalcounsel.usf.edu/policies-and-procedures/pdfs/policy-10-045.pdf 3. Incompletes (I). May be granted after consultation with the instructor of this course 4. Extra Credit. There is no provision for extra credit. If you need to be absent due to medical reasons (yours or your immediate family's) on a test day or a day that an assignment is due, please provide a physician's note and notify me prior to class. Participation. Students are expected to participate in this course. Participation means that the students makes and active contribution to class. Simply attending class is not an active contribution. To make an active contribution, students may answer discussion questions or raise questions in class, or generate discussions on the class discussion board. Assessment of participation contributions are based on relevance, the quality of the contribution and frequency of contribution. Course Requirements: Exams: Two take home examination. Quizzes: Applicable if students are not keeping up with reading and are averaged into the examination total. Group Discussions : In class and web-based discussion is also available to earn participation points Assignments: Students have to complete one written assignment described below. They have the choice of one of four options. Your grade will be based on the following: Assignment/TestPercent of GradeMidterm25%Final25%Participation10%Attendance10%Project Paper/Written Assignments30%The following is the grading scale to be used: This course employs a standard +/- grading scale: A+ 96+; A 93-95; A- 90-92; B+ 87-89; B 84-86; B 80-83; C+ 77-79; C 74-76; C 70-73; D+ 67-69; D 64-66; D 60-63; F 59 and below  COURSE SCHEDULE The course schedule is attached to the end of this syllabus. CLASS POLICIES: Students with Disabilities: Students with disabilities are responsible for registering with Students with Disabilities Services in order to receive academic accommodations. SDS encourages students to notify instructors of accommodation requests at least five business days prior to needing the accommodation. A letter from SDS must accompany this request. See Student Responsibilities  HYPERLINK "http://www.sds.usf.edu/students.asp" http://www.sds.usf.edu/students.asp See Faculty Responsibilities  HYPERLINK "http://www.sds.usf.edu/faculty.asp" http://www.sds.usf.edu/faculty.asp Academic Dishonesty: Any form of cheating on examinations or plagiarism on assigned papers constitutes unacceptable deceit and dishonesty. Disruption of the classroom or teaching environment is also unacceptable. The University of South Florida has very specific policies and procedures regarding academic dishonesty or disruption of academic process. If you have any questions, please refer to the Universitys Undergraduate Academic Dishonesty policy at Procedures for Alleged Academic Dishonesty or Disruption:  HYPERLINK "http://www.ugs.usf.edu/catalogs/0809/adadap.htm" http://www.ugs.usf.edu/catalogs/0809/adadap.htm Student Academic Grievance Procedures --  HYPERLINK "http://www.ugs.usf.edu/catalogs/0809/arcsagp.htm" http://www.ugs.usf.edu/catalogs/0809/arcsagp.htm Use of plagiarism tracking software: The University of South Florida has an account with an automated plagiarism detection service which allows instructors to submit student assignments to be checked for plagiarism. I reserve the right to submit assignments to this detection system. Assignments are compared automatically with a huge database of journal articles, web articles, and previously submitted papers. The instructor receives a report showing exactly how a student's paper was plagiarized.  Written Assignments and Term Paper Requirements Option 1: Current events journal version A. This is the simplest project you can do, and as a result, the highest score you can receive on this project is an 80. To complete this project you need to collect 15 news articles on environmental issues. These articles may be cut from newspapers, magazines or be printed from the internet. To the front of each article you will staple a 3 x 5 card with your name and the complete reference for the article ) (e.g. Toxins Threaten Local School, Jim Allenby, New York Times, 2007, March 27, page A-4). Articles should be placed in a plain manila folder. Projects will be judged on relevance of articles and neatness of presentation. You may, if you choose, prepare this as a power point presentation. OPTION 2: Current Events Journal, Version B. This option has a maximum grade of 88. Follow directions A-D as in option 1. To the front of these articles you will attach a paper summarizing and explaining the relevance and importance of your articles and how they are connected. Option 3: A research term paper on any topic relevant to this course. Specifics concerning the term paper requirements can be found under ASSIGNMENTS. The maximum grade for a term paper is 100%. Option 4: Geographic area analysis. This project requires that you use the databases we will examine in this course to create an environmental profile of a local area such as a city or county. The profile should (1) examine the level and types of pollution in the area, (2) the effects of pollution on local populations, (3) major polluters in the area, (4) the number of hazardous waste sites, (5) government efforts to remedy the problems, and (6) any infamous cases in the area. You can select ANY location in the US for this project. This assignment may include materials such as diagrams, pictures or other relevant graphics. The maximum grade for this project option is 100%. Note that simply printing off the materials from a website is NOT a sufficient effort to produce a geographic area analysis. Doing so will not earn a passing grade. **************************************************************************************************************************************** Course Schedule Below is the schedule for this course along with readings. The readings should be done by the scheduled class date. The exception to this is the first two or three classes where everyone is getting on track. The schedule that follows is for a 3 hour per session meeting. Readings in GREEN are from the assigned book. Readings in BLUE are hot-linked to outside materials and will be found under the ASSIGNMENT TAB under the BLUE READING NUMBER. MAY 16 INTRODUCTION Why Should Criminologists Study Environmental Harms and Crimes? PREFACE and Pages 1-4 18 Defining and Indentifying Environmental Crime What is an environmental crime? How much environmental crime is there? How harmful are environmental crimes? Comparing the extent of street and environmental crime victimization. PAGES 5-24 Green Criminology What is Green Criminology? READING # 1 (Needs Updating) 20 The Pervasiveness of Environmental Pollution How Polluted am I? READING # 2 Body Burdens: Toxic People  HYPERLINK "http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/2006/10/toxic-people/duncan-text?fs=www3.nationalgeographic.com&fs=plasma.nationalgeographic.com" http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/2006/10/toxic-people/duncan-text?fs=www3.nationalgeographic.com&fs=plasma.nationalgeographic.com Pollution Levels in Newborns  HYPERLINK "http://www.ewg.org/reports/bodyburden2/" http://www.ewg.org/reports/bodyburden2/ The Effects of Chemical Pollution on Child Development  HYPERLINK "http://www.aaidd.org/ehi/media/polluting_report.pdf" http://www.aaidd.org/ehi/media/polluting_report.pdf The Effects of Environmental Pollution on Human Behavior Endocrine disruptors.. Lead. READING # 3 What are Endocrine Disruptors?  HYPERLINK "http://www.mindfully.org/Pesticide/EDs-PWG-16jun01.htm" http://www.mindfully.org/Pesticide/EDs-PWG-16jun01.htm Endocrine Disruption and Behavior  HYPERLINK "http://www.ourstolenfuture.org/NewScience/behavior/behav.htm" http://www.ourstolenfuture.org/NewScience/behavior/behav.htm Lead and Violent Crime  HYPERLINK "http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2005/02/050223145108.htm" http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2005/02/050223145108.htm Lead Pollution and Crime  HYPERLINK "http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/" http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/ 07/07/AR2007070701073.html Lead Pollution and Homicide  HYPERLINK "http://archpedi.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=190628" http://archpedi.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=190628 Childhood Lead Exposure Linked to Adult Criminality http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/05/080527201839.htm 23 The Worlds Biggest Crime Global Warming READING # 4 THESE READING ARE DATED AND NEED UPDATING 25 The Bush Administrations History of Anti-Environmental Rulings and Crimes READINGS # 5 Crimes Against Nature, Robert Kennedy JR.  HYPERLINK "http://www.commondreams.org/views03/1120-01.htm" http://www.commondreams.org/views03/1120-01.htm Annual Bush Administration Environmental Record  HYPERLINK "http://www.nrdc.org/BushRecord/2005.asp" http://www.nrdc.org/BushRecord/2005.asp Bush Aide Reveals Anti-Environmental Strategy  HYPERLINK "http://www.nytimes.com/2008/07/22/us/22enviro.html?_r=2&partner=rssnyt&emc=rss&oref=slogin&" http://www.nytimes.com/2008/07/22/us/22enviro.html?_r=2&partner=rssnyt&emc=rss&oref=slogin& VP Cheney Tries to Delete Public Global Warming Testimony  HYPERLINK "http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2008/07/08/cheney-wanted-to-delete-m_n_111471.html" http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2008/07/08/cheney-wanted-to-delete-m_n_111471.html Bush Administration Rewrite Coal Pollution Law  HYPERLINK "http://www.nytimes.com/2004/08/09/politics/09coal.html" http://www.nytimes.com/2004/08/09/politics/09coal.html White House Undermines California Air Pollution Regulations  HYPERLINK "http://www.mcclatchydc.com/2008/07/22/45181/white-house-nixed-calif-emissions.html" http://www.mcclatchydc.com/2008/07/22/45181/white-house-nixed-calif-emissions.html 27 Regulating Automobiles There are a number of ways in which automobiles are regulated. One reason they are regulated today is that they are a significant source of pollution, global warming and Americas intense need for oil. READING # 6 Corporate Average Fuel Economy Regulations and Data Link  HYPERLINK "http://www.nhtsa.gov/fuel-economy" http://www.nhtsa.gov/fuel-economy Financial and Health Costs of Oil Subsidies, US  HYPERLINK "http://priceofoil.org/fossil-fuel-subsidies/" http://priceofoil.org/fossil-fuel-subsidies/ International Fossil Fuel Subsidies  HYPERLINK "http://priceofoil.org/fossil-fuel-subsidies/international/" http://priceofoil.org/fossil-fuel-subsidies/international/ California Sues EPA over Air Emissions Standards  HYPERLINK "http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2007/04/25/tech/main2728241.shtml" http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2007/04/25/tech/main2728241.shtml Diesel Fuels, Death and Illness, US  HYPERLINK "http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2007/04/25/tech/main2728241.shtml" http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2007/04/25/tech/main2728241.shtml 30 MEMORIAL DAY JUNE 1 Old King Coal READING # 7 Environmental Impact Coal Pollution  HYPERLINK "http://www.ucsusa.org/clean_energy/coalvswind/c02c.html" http://www.ucsusa.org/clean_energy/coalvswind/c02c.html Coal Pollution Deaths in US  HYPERLINK "http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/5174391/ns/us_news-environment/t/deadly-power-plants-study-fuels-debate/" http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/5174391/ns/us_news-environment/t/deadly-power-plants-study-fuels-debate/ No Such Thing as Clean Coal  HYPERLINK "http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/ 02/29/AR2008022903390.html" http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/ 02/29/AR2008022903390.html COAL POLLUTION IN CHINA  HYPERLINK "http://www.nytimes.com/2006/06/11/business/worldbusiness/11chinacoal.html" http://www.nytimes.com/2006/06/11/business/worldbusiness/11chinacoal.html  HYPERLINK "http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/gallery/2010/sep/16/pollution-coal-ash-china" http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/gallery/2010/sep/16/pollution-coal-ash-china Coals Link to Mercury Pollution  HYPERLINK "http://newstandardnews.net/content/index.cfm/items/4086" http://newstandardnews.net/content/index.cfm/items/4086 3 MIDTERM Learning About Environmental Crime Databases; How to access and use: Right to Know Network (RTKNET) (CLICK HERE for RTKNET ---- >  HYPERLINK "http://www.rtknet.org" www.rtknet.org ) TEXTBOOK Pages 168-176 Scorecard (CLICK HERE FOR SCORECARD -----(  HYPERLINK "http://www.scorecard.org" www.scorecard.org) TEXTBOOK Pages 176-177 EPA Databases, including Enforcement and Compliance History Online (ECHO) (CLICK HERE for EPAs ECHO -------(  HYPERLINK "http://www.epa-echo.gov/echo" www.epa-echo.gov/echo). TEXTBOOK Pages 161-168 Other Environmentally useful resources: Google Earth (if you want to download Google Earth, a free program, go to:  HYPERLINK "http://earth.google.com/" http://earth.google.com/ 6 Introduction to Environmental law and Regulation Regulatory versus Criminal Law Intent and Environmental crime The purpose of environmental law (compliance and deterrence) Regulatory Strategies (Fee, taxes, subsidies, off sets requirements) TEXTBOOK Pages 97-109 8 Federal Environmental Laws (Note: we may not get through all of these Laws and Acts in their entirety, and I may move the order around a bit). Three main types of environmental law and regulation: air; water; hazardous waste. National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA; 1969; 42 USC, Sec. 4321- 4347)  HYPERLINK "http://www4.law.cornell.edu/uscode/html/uscode42/usc_sup_01_42_10_55.html" www4.law.cornell.edu/uscode/html/uscode42/usc_sup_01_42_10_55.html Air Pollution Laws The Clean Air Act (CAA; 1963/1970)  HYPERLINK "http://www4.law.cornell.edu/uscode/html/uscode42/usc_sup_01_42_10_85.html" www4.law.cornell.edu/uscode/html/uscode42/usc_sup_01_42_10_85.html and Pages 110-112 The Motor Vehicle Pollution Control Act (MVPCA) or the National Emission Standards Act (NESA; 1965)  HYPERLINK "http://www4.law.cornell.edu/uscode/html/uscode42/usc_sec_42_00007521----000-.html" www4.law.cornell.edu/uscode/html/uscode42/usc_sec_42_00007521----000-.html 10 Water Pollution Laws Water Quality Act (1948) Federal Water Pollution Control Act (1956) (1972) Drinking Water Act (1972) Ocean Dumping Act (1972)  HYPERLINK "http://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/html/uscode33/usc_sup_01_33_10_27.html" www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/html/uscode33/usc_sup_01_33_10_27.html Clean Water Act (CWA) (1977)  HYPERLINK "http://www4.law.cornell.edu/uscode/html/uscode33/usc_sup_01_33_10_26.html" www4.law.cornell.edu/uscode/html/uscode33/usc_sup_01_33_10_26.html Safe Drinking Water Act (1974)  HYPERLINK "http://www4.law.cornell.edu/uscode/html/uscode42/usc_sup_01_42_10_6A_20_XII.html" www4.law.cornell.edu/uscode/html/uscode42/usc_sup_01_42_10_6A_20_XII.html 13 Solid, Hazardous and Toxic Waste Laws Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) (1976)  HYPERLINK "http://www4.law.cornell.edu/uscode/html/uscode42/usc_sup_01_42_10_82.html" www4.law.cornell.edu/uscode/html/uscode42/usc_sup_01_42_10_82.html Comprehensive Environmental Response and Liability Act (CERCLA)  HYPERLINK "http://www4.law.cornell.edu/uscode/html/uscode42/usc_sup_01_42_10_103.html" www4.law.cornell.edu/uscode/html/uscode42/usc_sup_01_42_10_103.html Emergency Planning and Community Right to Know Act (EPCRA)  HYPERLINK "http://www4.law.cornell.edu/uscode/html/uscode42/usc_sup_01_42_10_116.html" www4.law.cornell.edu/uscode/html/uscode42/usc_sup_01_42_10_116.html Environmental Quality Improvement Act (EQIA) and the Office Of Environmental Quality  HYPERLINK "http://www4.law.cornell.edu/uscode/html/uscode42/usc_sup_01_42_10_56.html" www4.law.cornell.edu/uscode/html/uscode42/usc_sup_01_42_10_56.html Pollution Prevention Act  HYPERLINK "http://www4.law.cornell.edu/uscode/html/uscode42/usc_sup_01_42_10_133.html" www4.law.cornell.edu/uscode/html/uscode42/usc_sup_01_42_10_133.html The Solar Energy Act  HYPERLINK "http://www4.law.cornell.edu/uscode/html/uscode42/usc_sup_01_42_10_71_20_I.html" www4.law.cornell.edu/uscode/html/uscode42/usc_sup_01_42_10_71_20_I.html Alaskan National Petroleum Reserve Act  HYPERLINK "http://www4.law.cornell.edu/uscode/html/uscode42/usc_sup_01_42_10_78.html" www4.law.cornell.edu/uscode/html/uscode42/usc_sup_01_42_10_78.html National Energy Conservation Act  HYPERLINK "http://www4.law.cornell.edu/uscode/html/uscode42/usc_sup_01_42_10_91.html" www4.law.cornell.edu/uscode/html/uscode42/usc_sup_01_42_10_91.html Wind Energy Systems Act  HYPERLINK "http://www4.law.cornell.edu/uscode/html/uscode42/usc_sup_01_42_10_100.html" www4.law.cornell.edu/uscode/html/uscode42/usc_sup_01_42_10_100.html Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Technology Competitiveness Act  HYPERLINK "http://www4.law.cornell.edu/uscode/html/uscode42/usc_sup_01_42_10_125.html" www4.law.cornell.edu/uscode/html/uscode42/usc_sup_01_42_10_125.html 15 The History and Task of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) TEXTBOOK Chapter 4 EPA Enforcement Practices The Numbers, Trends and their Meaning. READING EIGHT. These readings need updating. They are really tables such as: Annual EPA Enforcement Summaries. 17 Catch-up day WE may be behind at this point, and well see what we need to Schedule when here on the 15th. 20 Environmental Theories TEXTBOOK Chapter 2 The History of Environmental Movements in the US TEXTBOOK Chapter 3 22 Environmental Justice What is Environmental Justice? Principles of Environmental Justice; The EPA and Environmental Justice Environmental Justice Case Studies and Analysis Socioeconomic and Racial Disparities Related to Air Toxins; Disparities in Enforcing the Law; Environmental Hazards and School Segregation, Hillsborough County; Unequal Justice in Massachusetts 24 LAST DAY Environmental Harm Case Studies Case Study: Love Canal the Event that Started a National Movement READING 9 The EPA Summary  HYPERLINK "http://www.epa.gov/history/topics/lovecanal/01.html" http://www.epa.gov/history/topics/lovecanal/01.html The Love Canal Story, and the Long History of Love Canal  HYPERLINK "http://www.eoearth.org/article/History_of_Love_Canal" http://www.eoearth.org/article/History_of_Love_Canal EPA Sues Hooker Chemical over Love Canal  HYPERLINK "http://www.epa.gov/history/topics/lovecanal/02.html" http://www.epa.gov/history/topics/lovecanal/02.html Settlement of the Love Canal Case  HYPERLINK "http://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/Pre_96/December95/638.txt.html" http://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/Pre_96/December95/638.txt.html Long Term Follow up of Health Effects of Love Canal http://www.health.ny.gov/environmental/investigations/love_canal/ Case Study: Libby Montana An Entire Town is Polluted by Asbestos Mining READING 10 Overview of the Libby Site  HYPERLINK "http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/asbestos/sites/libby_montana/" http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/asbestos/sites/libby_montana/ The Scope of Exposure  HYPERLINK "http://www.libbyasbestos.org/libby/libby.cfm" http://www.libbyasbestos.org/libby/libby.cfm EPA Announces Health Emergence in Libby  HYPERLINK "http://www.dhhs.gov/news/press/2009pres/06/20090617b.html" http://www.dhhs.gov/news/press/2009pres/06/20090617b.html The History of Exposure in Libby  HYPERLINK "http://catastrophemap.com/libby_montana_mine.html" http://catastrophemap.com/libby_montana_mine.html Libby, Montana, An Asbestos Legacy (Video)  HYPERLINK "http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N57nsLiAt1k" http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N57nsLiAt1k The Clean up (Video)  HYPERLINK "http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EBG0iOfwMjI" http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EBG0iOfwMjI The Clean up (Video, 2)  HYPERLINK "http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_NrEc8EIijc" http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_NrEc8EIijc The Legal Case Against WR Grace  HYPERLINK "http://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/2003/August/03_enrd_180.htm" http://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/2003/August/03_enrd_180.htm WR Grace Acquitted in Libby Case (Video) http://www.democracynow.org/2009/5/12/wr_grace_acquitted_in_libby_montana Case Study 3: The Bhopal Disaster Union Carbine Kills Thousands in Bhopal, India READING 11 The Bhopal Disaster: A Description  HYPERLINK "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1142333/" http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1142333/ Understanding the Effects: Pictorial Representations (Disturbing)  HYPERLINK "http://www.google.com/search?q=the+bhopal+disaster&hl=en&prmd=imvns&tbm=isch&tbo=u&source=univ&sa=X&ei=IBVpUIusNYr89gSjo4DQBQ&sqi=2&ved=0CDQQsAQ&biw=1280&bih=615" http://www.google.com/search?q=the+bhopal+disaster&hl=en&prmd=imvns&tbm=isch&tbo=u&source=univ&sa=X&ei=IBVpUIusNYr89gSjo4DQBQ&sqi=2&ved=0CDQQsAQ&biw=1280&bih=615 Video on the Disaster (Disturbing)  HYPERLINK "http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HXDOzMRrKlo" http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HXDOzMRrKlo An Interview with a Bhopal Survivor  HYPERLINK "http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f9oVcmXnqx4" http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f9oVcmXnqx4 Bhopals Effects 25 Years Later  HYPERLINK "http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/7961062.stm" http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/7961062.stm US Supreme Court Reopens Bhopal Case  HYPERLINK "http://www.ndtv.com/article/india/supreme-court-reopens-bhopal-gas-tragedy-case-48514" http://www.ndtv.com/article/india/supreme-court-reopens-bhopal-gas-tragedy-case-48514 Court Rules Union Carbide Not Liable  HYPERLINK "http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052702303561504577493642502980690.html" http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052702303561504577493642502980690.html New Trial Sought (August, 2012)  HYPERLINK "http://zeenews.india.com/news/madhya-pradesh/bhopal-gas-tragedy-case-demand-for-fresh-trial_796844.html" http://zeenews.india.com/news/madhya-pradesh/bhopal-gas-tragedy-case-demand-for-fresh-trial_796844.html International Campaign For Justice, Bhopal (Website)  HYPERLINK "http://bhopal.net/" http://bhopal.net/ ':Kq{|õ}l[M[9[&hhy5CJOJQJ\^JaJh KCJOJQJ^JaJ hhyCJOJQJ^JaJ hhdCJOJQJ^JaJhdCJOJQJ^JaJhyCJOJQJ^JaJhECJOJQJ^JaJh!fCJOJQJ^JaJhLCJOJQJ^JaJh&sCJOJQJ^JaJhT^CJOJQJ^JaJh{KCJOJQJ^JaJ#jh{KCJOJQJU^JaJ'Nnop| H  5 $a$gdygdygd{K$a$gdE 0^`0gdEgdyH K L X ппudLu9u$hehZ ? 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