ࡱ>  |TbjbjAA #y#y  HHHtl(91616169999999,:t=NK99H16_1161616K9m89m8m8m816H9m8169m8m8m8@⺌G6&m8 9909m8=m8=m8m8Hm8161616K9K9m81616169=161616161616161616  :   2.4 Chemical Reactions  Chemical reactions involve chemical changes and the conservation of mass. Lesson Summary Chemical Changes During a chemical change, the composition of matter changes. A chemical change must occur for a chemical property to be observed. The substances at the beginning of a reaction are called reactants. The substances produced by the reaction are called products. Reactants and products differ in composition. Recognizing Chemical Changes Although a change in composition is the only way to confirm a chemical change, several clues might indicate that a chemical change occurred. One clue is a transfer of energy. Other clues include a change in color and the production of a gas. The formation of a precipitate, a solid that forms and settles out of a liquid, is another clue. Conservation of Mass The law of conservation of mass says that mass is neither created nor destroyed during a normal chemical reaction or physical change. During chemical reactions, the total mass of the reactants equals the total mass of the products. Mass is also conserved during physical changes, such as a change of state.  After watching Chapter 2.4 video, answer the following questions. Chemical Changes 1. What is a chemical property? 2. Is the following sentence true or false? Chemical properties are observed only when a substance undergoes a chemical change. 3. What happens during a chemical reaction? 4. In chemical reactions, the substances present at the start of the reaction are called , and the substances produced are called . 5. Circle the letter of the term that best completes the sentence. A change in the composition of matter occurs during a chemical reaction. a. sometimes b. rarely c. always d. never 6. Which representation of a chemical reaction is correct? a. products ! reactants b. reactants ! products Recognizing Chemical Changes 7. List four possible clues to a chemical change. 8. Is the following statement true or false? If you observe a clue for chemical change, you can be certain that a chemical change has taken place. 9. Define a precipitate. 23  Conservation of Mass 10. During a chemical reaction, the mass of the products is always equal to the mass of the . 11. The law of conservation of mass states that in any physical change or chemical reaction, mass is neither nor . 12. Look at Figure 2.16. How do you know that mass was conserved? END OF STUDY QUESTIONS 2.4  A camper burned a piece of paper to start a campfire. Answer these questions about burning the paper. a. Is burning paper a physical change or a chemical change? How do you know? b. If you said the change was chemical, what are the reactants? What are the products? c. The ash produced by the burning paper has much less mass than the mass of the original paper. Was mass conserved during this change? Explain your answer. 24 Name Class Date  For Questions 112, complete each statement by writing the correct word or words. If you need help, you can go online. 2.1 Properties of Matter 1. For a specific substance, every sample has the same properties. 2. Solid, , and gas are all states of matter. 3. A change of state is an example of a(n) physical change. 2.2 Mixtures 4. Depending on the distribution of components, mixtures are either heterogeneous or . 5. Mixtures can be separated by differences in the of their components. 2.3 Elements and Compounds 6. can be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means. 7. If the composition of a material is not fixed, the material is a(n) . 8. represent compounds, and represent elements. 9. The can be used to easily compare properties of different elements. 2.4 Chemical Reactions 10. When a change occurs, the composition of matter changes. 11. A chemical change might have occurred if energy transfers, color changes, a gas forms, or a(n) forms. 12. In a chemical reaction, the mass of the reactants the mass of the products.  25 Name Class Date Review Vocabulary Complete this puzzle using the vocabulary terms and the clues below.               Clues 1. any part of a sample with uniform composition and properties 2. the simplest type of substance 3. matter that has a uniform and definite composition 4. the type of change that results in a change in identity 5. the results of a chemical reaction 6. a row across the periodic table 7. a column down the periodic table 8. a solid formed by a chemical reaction between two liquids 9. a substance that can be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means 10. the substances present before a chemical reaction occurs 11. the amount of space something takes up 12. another name for a homogeneous mixture 13. the state of matter that has no definite shape or volume Terms volume substance gas solution phase element compound chemical period group products precipitate reactants Write and define the term found in the outlined boxes. 26 Essential Understanding 2 Self-Check Activity If You Have Trouble WithQuestion1234Pfuò|eN9*hi3hwXEB*CJaJph)hi3hwXEB*CJOJQJ^JaJphsss,hi3hwXE5B*CJOJQJ^JaJphsss,hi3hwXE5B*CJOJQJ^JaJphHhi3hjCJaJhi3hnCJaJ hi3hn1jhi3hnB*CJUaJmHnHphu hFhxCJOJQJ^JaJ,hi3hx5B*CJ$OJQJ^JaJ$phH/hi3hx5B*CJ$OJQJ\^JaJ$phsssjh\pUmHnHu fu e . / - 7$8$H$gd6HK<7$8$H$^KgdQV 7$8$H$gdwXEK<7$8$H$^KgdwXE d7$8$H$gd ,7$8$H$gd`h d7$8$H$`h gds^gdn 8$^gdF e f . / C D " # , - ̵ו׆m׆X)hi3hwXEB*CJOJQJ^JaJph1jhi3h6HB*CJUaJmHnHphuhi3h6HB*CJaJphhi3h6HB*ph)hi3hwXEB*CJOJQJ^JaJphsss,hi3hwXE5B*CJOJQJ^JaJphssshi3hwXEB*phhi3hwXEB*CJaJph1jhi3hwXEB*CJUaJmHnHphu- . x y z { } ~  νoo]F/,hrhI.5B*CJOJQJ^JaJphH,hrhI.5B*CJOJQJ^JaJphH#hrhI.5CJOJQJ^JaJ#hrhI.5CJOJQJ^JaJhF5CJOJQJ^JaJ hrhI. hTh\p hTh\pCJOJQJ^JaJjh\pUmHnHu hI.5CJOJQJ\^JaJ hi3hxhi3hwXECJaJhi3hwXECJaJ(jhi3h6HCJUaJmHnHu- y z { ~  z x  d7$8$H$^` gdI. $d^gdI.  7$8$H$^` gdI. 7$8$H$gdI.gdI.gd\p 8$^gd\p $Da$gdI. d7$8$H$gd`K<7$8$H$^KgdQV x y z } +,.1!$24H盄,hrhI.5B*CJOJQJ^JaJphH,hrhI.5B*CJOJQJ^JaJphHhrhI.5CJ aJ hrhI.>*\hrhI.>*CJaJhrhI.>*hrhI.CJaJhrhI.CJaJhrhI.5CJ\aJ4z .!H ,7$8$H$gdI. 7$8$H$^gdI.d7$8$H$^gdI.  d7$8$H$^` gdI. c   d7$8$H$^` gdI. $@d7$8$H$^gdI. d7$8$H$^` gdI. )+-./012347$n7$8$H$a$gdI.gdI.  d7$8$H$^` gdI.  d7$8$H$^` gdI. $d^gdI.  7$8$H$^` gdI.()-4679:;<PQU͹{dM?4h{hI.CJaJh{hI.5CJ\aJ,h{hI.5B*CJOJQJ^JaJphH,h{hI.5B*CJOJQJ^JaJphH h{hI. hTh\p hTh\pCJOJQJ^JaJjh\pUmHnHu hI.5CJOJQJ\^JaJ&hrhI.5CJOJQJ\^JaJ hrhI.hrhI.>*hrhI.CJaJhrhI.CJaJhrhI.5CJ\aJ7:;<Q&hjlmo$ $d^a$gdF $d^gdI. {d7$8$H$^`{gdI. {d7$8$H$^`{gdI. ~ {d7$8$H$^`{gdI. 7$8$H$gdI.gdI.gd\p 8$^gd\p #$&*ghklm@AEH<=GVXY½Ǣ}l hI.5CJOJQJ\^JaJ&h{hI.5CJOJQJ\^JaJ jh{hI.UmHnHu h{hI.h{hF>*hFhF5CJaJ hF>* hI.>*h{hI.>*h{hI.CJaJh{hI.5CJ\aJh{hI.CJaJh{hI.>*CJaJ$ACE=?ACEGH =<d7$8$H$^<`gdI. $=d^=gdI. =d7$8$H$^`gdI. 7$8$H$gdI.dgdI.gdI. $d^gdI.HIJKLMNOPQRSTUVYtuvyz{ 7$8$H$gdI.gd\p 8$^gd\p $Za$gdI.gdI.Y\abjkrstuvx{  CDQT[\ük]RFR]RFR]RFhNhI.>*CJaJhNhI.CJaJhNhI.5CJ\aJ,hNhI.5B*CJOJQJ^JaJphH,hNhI.5B*CJOJQJ^JaJphH#hNhI.5CJOJQJ^JaJ jhNhI.UmHnHu hNhI. hTh\p,hTh\p>*B*CJOJQJ^JaJphH hTh\pCJOJQJ^JaJjh\pUmHnHu Q$nx_ {@ 7$8$H$^` gdI. 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