╨╧рб▒с>■   ■■   ЇїЎў°∙·√№¤                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        ье┴[А °┐eДbjbjм·м· .·╬Р╬Рe|      ╖ OOOOO    ccccМяLc╔Нф;МJ╟g╟g╟g╟gвhвhвhlНnНnНnНnНnНnНнПвOТbnНOвhвhвhвhвhnНOO╟g╟g█ГН"s"s"sвhzO╟gO╟glН"sвhlН"s"s■"К╕ Л╟g    0█Ъ^═ч╦cq┌КXНЩН0╔НЄК▒Т4rю▒Т0 Л Л▒ТOНHвhвh"sвhвhвhвhвhnНnН"sвhвhвh╔Нвhвhвhвh                                                                    ▒Твhвhвhвhвhвhвhвhвh : Android is an  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open-source_software" \o "Open-source software" open-source  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solution_stack" \o "Solution stack" software stack for  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_devices" \o "Mobile devices" mobile devices that includes an  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system" operating system,  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middleware" middleware and key  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Application_software" \o "Application software" applications. HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "cite_note-google_code-4" [5] HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "cite_note-philosophy-5" [6]  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google" \o "Google" Google Inc. purchased the initial developer of the software, Android Inc., in 2005. HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "cite_note-6" [7] Android's  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_operating_system" mobile operating system is based upon a modified version of the  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linux_kernel" Linux kernel. Google and other members of the  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Handset_Alliance" Open Handset Alliance collaborated on Android's development and release. HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "cite_note-AndroidAnnouncement-7" [8] HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "cite_note-Open_Handset_Alliance_-_FAQ-8" [9] The Android Open Source Project (AOSP) is tasked with the maintenance and further development of Android. HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "cite_note-source.android.com-9" [10]  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canalys" Canalys reported that in Q4 2010 the Android operating system was the world's best-selling smartphone platform, dethroning  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nokia" Nokia's  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbian" Symbian from the 10-year top position. HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "cite_note-canalysQ42010-10" [11] HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "cite_note-11" [12] Jumping from 23.5 percent, Android now represents 31.2 percent of the U.S smartphone market. HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "cite_note-12" [13] According to  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gartner" Gartner, Symbian is still slightly ahead on sales if some legacy non-Nokia Symbian smartphones are included in the Q4 2010 figures. HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "cite_note-gartnerFeb2011-13" [14] Android has a large community of developers writing  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Application_software" \o "Application software" application programs ("apps") that extend the functionality of the devices. There are currently over 150,000 apps available for Android. HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "cite_note-14" [15] HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "cite_note-15" [16]  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_Market" Android Market is the online app store run by Google, though apps can also be downloaded from  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_digital_distribution_platforms_for_mobile_devices" \l "Third-party_platforms" \o "List of digital distribution platforms for mobile devices" third-party sites. Developers write primarily in the  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_%28programming_language%29" \o "Java (programming language)" Java language, controlling the device via Google-developed Java libraries. HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "cite_note-16" [17] The unveiling of the Android distribution on 5 November 2007 was announced with the founding of the  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Handset_Alliance" Open Handset Alliance, a consortium of 80  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_hardware" \o "Computer hardware" hardware,  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_software" \o "Computer software" software, and  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telecommunication" \o "Telecommunication" telecom companies devoted to advancing  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_standard" \o "Open standard" open standards for mobile devices. HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "cite_note-OHAhome-17" [18] HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "cite_note-18" [19] Google released most of the Android code under the  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apache_License" Apache License, a  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_software_license" \o "Free software license" free software and  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_source_license" \o "Open source license" open source license. HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "cite_note-AndroidOverview-19" [20] The Android open-source  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_stack" \o "Software stack" software stack consists of  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_%28programming_language%29" \o "Java (programming language)" Java applications running on a Java-based,  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Object-oriented" \o "Object-oriented" object-oriented  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Application_framework" application framework on top of  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_Class_Library" \o "Java Class Library" Java core libraries running on a  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dalvik_%28software%29" \o "Dalvik (software)" Dalvik virtual machine featuring  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Just-in-time_compilation" \o "Just-in-time compilation" JIT compilation. Libraries written in C include the surface manager, OpenCore HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "cite_note-20" [21]  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multimedia_framework" \o "Multimedia framework" media framework,  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQLite" SQLite relational  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relational_database_management_system" \o "Relational database management system" database management system,  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenGL_ES" \o "OpenGL ES" OpenGL ES 2.0  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3D_computer_graphics" \o "3D computer graphics" 3D graphics  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Application_programming_interface" \o "Application programming interface" API,  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WebKit" \o "WebKit" WebKit layout engine,  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skia_Graphics_Engine" \o "Skia Graphics Engine" SGL graphics engine,  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transport_Layer_Security" \o "Transport Layer Security" SSL, and  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU_C_Library" \l "Use_in_small_devices" \o "GNU C Library" Bionic libc. The Android operating system consists of 12аmillion  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Source_lines_of_code" \o "Source lines of code" lines of code including 3аmillion lines of  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xml" \o "Xml" XML, 2.8аmillion lines of  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C_%28programming_language%29" \o "C (programming language)" C, 2.1аmillion lines of  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_%28programming_language%29" \o "Java (programming language)" Java, and 1.75аmillion lines of  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%2B%2B" C++. HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "cite_note-21" [22] Contents [ HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" hide]  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "History" 1 History  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "Android_Inc._founded_in_2003" 1.1 Android Inc. founded in 2003  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "Android_Inc._acquired_by_Google" 1.2 Android Inc. acquired by Google  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "Development_accelerates" 1.3 Development accelerates  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "Open_Handset_Alliance" 1.4 Open Handset Alliance  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "Licensing" 1.5 Licensing  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "Version_history" 1.6 Version history  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "Features" 2 Features  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "Hardware_running_Android" 3 Hardware running Android  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "Software_development" 4 Software development  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "Software_development_kit" 4.1 Software development kit  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "Android_Market" 4.2 Android Market  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "App_Inventor_for_Android" 4.3 App Inventor for Android  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "Android_Developer_Challenge" 4.4 Android Developer Challenge  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "Google_applications" 4.5 Google applications  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "Third_party_applications" 4.6 Third party applications  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "Mobile_gaming" 4.7 Mobile gaming  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "Native_code" 4.8 Native code  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "Community-based_firmware" 4.9 Community-based firmware  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "Security_issues" 5 Security issues  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "Marketing" 6 Marketing  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "Logos" 6.1 Logos  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "Typeface" 6.2 Typeface  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "Market_share" 6.3 Market share  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "Usage_share" 6.4 Usage share  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "Linux_compatibility" 7 Linux compatibility  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "Claimed_infringement_of_copyrights_and_patents" 8 Claimed infringement of copyrights and patents  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "See_also" 9 See also  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "References" 10 References  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "Bibliography" 11 Bibliography  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "External_links" 12 External links History Android Inc. founded in 2003 Android, Inc. was founded in  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palo_Alto,_CA" \o "Palo Alto, CA" Palo Alto,  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California" California, United States in October, 2003 by  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andy_Rubin" Andy Rubin, Rich Miner, et al. to develop, in Rubin's words "...smarter mobile devices that are more aware of its owner's location and preferences." Key employees involved in the founding of Android Inc. include Andy Rubin, also the co-founder of  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danger_%28company%29" \o "Danger (company)" Danger Inc., Andy McFadden, who worked with Rubin at WebTV, and Chris White, who led the design and interface of WebTV. HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "cite_note-AndroidInc-22" [23] Other crucial employees includes Richard Miner, a co-founder of Wildfire Communications, Inc. and former vice-president of Technology and innovation at  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orange_%28telecommunications%29" \o "Orange (telecommunications)" Orange, and all those of whom brought considerable wireless industry experience to the company. HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "cite_note-AndroidInc-22" [23] HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "cite_note-AndyRubin-23" [24] Despite the obvious past accomplishments of the founders and early employees, Android Inc. operated secretively, admitting only that it was working on software for mobile phones. HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "cite_note-AndroidInc-22" [23] Android Inc. acquired by Google  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google" Google  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Google_acquisitions" \o "List of Google acquisitions" acquired Android Inc. in August, 2005, making Android Inc. a wholly-owned subsidiary of Google Inc. Key employees of Android Inc., including Andy Rubin, Rich Miner and Chris White, stayed at the company after the acquisition. HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "cite_note-24" [25] Not much was known about Android Inc. at the time of the acquisition so many assumed that Google was planning to enter the  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_phone" mobile phone market with this move. Development accelerates At Google, the team led by Rubin developed a mobile device platform powered by the  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linux_kernel" Linux kernel. Google marketed the platform to handset makers and  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_network_operator" \o "Mobile network operator" carriers on the premise of providing a flexible, upgradable system. Google had lined up a series of hardware component and software partners and signaled to carriers that it was open to various degrees of cooperation on their part. HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "cite_note-EngadgetMobileOS-25" [26] HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "cite_note-WSJ-26" [27] HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "cite_note-DT-27" [28] Speculation about Google's intention to enter the mobile communications market continued to build through December 2006. HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "cite_note-McKay-28" [29] Reports from the  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BBC" BBC and  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" The Wall Street Journal noted that Google wanted its search and applications on mobile phones and it was working hard to deliver that. Print and online media outlets soon reported rumors that Google was developing a Google-branded  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Handset" \l "Telephony" handset. HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "cite_note-LIgPhone-29" [30] Some speculated that as Google was defining technical specifications, it was showing prototypes to cell phone manufacturers and network operators. In September 2007,  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/InformationWeek" InformationWeek covered an  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evalueserve" Evalueserve study reporting that Google had filed several  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patent" patent applications in the area of mobile telephony. HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "cite_note-IWpatents-30" [31] HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "cite_note-MNpatents-31" [32] Open Handset Alliance Main article:  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Handset_Alliance" Open Handset Alliance "Today's announcement is more ambitious than any single 'Google Phone' that the press has been speculating about over the past few weeks. Our vision is that the powerful platform we're unveiling will power thousands of different phone models."  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eric_Schmidt" Eric Schmidt, former Google Chairman/CEO HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "cite_note-AndroidAnnouncement-7" [8] On the November 5, 2007 the  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Handset_Alliance" Open Handset Alliance, a  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consortium" consortium of several companies which include  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broadcom_Corporation" \o "Broadcom Corporation" Broadcom Corporation,  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google" Google,  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_Tech_Computer_Corporation" \o "High Tech Computer Corporation" HTC,  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intel_Corporation" \o "Intel Corporation" Intel,  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LG_Group" \o "LG Group" LG,  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marvell_Technology_Group" Marvell Technology Group,  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motorola" Motorola,  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nvidia" Nvidia,  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qualcomm" Qualcomm,  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samsung_Electronics" Samsung Electronics,  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sprint_Nextel" Sprint Nextel,  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T-Mobile" T-Mobile and  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Texas_Instruments" Texas Instruments unveiled itself. The goal of the Open Handset Alliance is to develop  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_standard" \o "Open standard" open standards for mobile devices. HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "cite_note-AndroidAnnouncement-7" [8] On the same day, the Open Handset Alliance also unveiled their first product, Android, a mobile device  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platform_%28computing%29" \o "Platform (computing)" platform built on the  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linux_kernel" Linux kernel version 2.6. HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "cite_note-AndroidAnnouncement-7" [8] On December 9, 2008, 14 new members joined, including  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ARM_Holdings" ARM Holdings,  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atheros_Communications" \o "Atheros Communications" Atheros Communications,  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asustek" \o "Asustek" Asustek Computer Inc,  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garmin" \o "Garmin" Garmin Ltd,  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PacketVideo" PacketVideo,  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Softbank" \o "Softbank" Softbank,  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sony_Ericsson" Sony Ericsson,  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toshiba" \o "Toshiba" Toshiba Corp, and  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vodafone" \o "Vodafone" Vodafone Group Plc. HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "cite_note-32" [33] HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "cite_note-33" [34] Licensing With the exception of brief update periods, Android has been available under a  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_software" free software/open source license since 21 October 2008. Google published the entire  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Source_code" source code (including network and telephony stacks) HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "cite_note-34" [35] under an  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apache_License" Apache License. HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "cite_note-35" [36] Google also keeps the reviewed issues list publicly open for anyone to see and comment. HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "cite_note-36" [37] Even though the software is open-source, device manufacturers can not use Google's Android trademark unless Google certifies that the device complies with their Compatibility Definition Document (CDD). Devices must also meet this definition to be eligible to license Google's closed-source applications, including Android Market. HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "cite_note-Compatibility_FAQ-37" [38] In September 2010,  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skyhook_Wireless" Skyhook Wireless filed a lawsuit against Google in which they alleged that Google had used the compatibility document to block Skyhook's mobile positioning service (XPS) from Motorola's Android mobile devices. HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "cite_note-38" [39] In December 2010 a judge denied Skyhook's motion for preliminary injunction, saying that Google had not closed off the possibility of accepting a revised version of Skyhook's XPS service, and that Motorola had terminated their contract with Skyhook because Skyhook wanted to disable Google's location data collection functions on Motorola's devices, which would have violated Motorola's obligations to Google and its carriers. HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "cite_note-39" [40] Version history Main article:  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_version_history" Android version history Android has seen a number of updates since its original release. These updates to the base operating system typically focus on fixing bugs as well as adding new features. Generally each new version of the Android operating system is developed under a code name based on a dessert item. The most recent released versions of Android are: 2.0/2.1 (Eclair), which revamped the user interface and introduced  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTML5" HTML5 and  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exchange_ActiveSync" Exchange ActiveSync 2.5 support HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "cite_note-eclair-highlights-40" [41] 2.2 (Froyo), which introduced speed improvements with  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Just-in-time_compilation" \o "Just-in-time compilation" JIT optimization and the  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Chrome" \o "Google Chrome" Chrome  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/V8_%28JavaScript_engine%29" \o "V8 (JavaScript engine)" V8 JavaScript engine, and added Wi-Fi hotspot tethering and Adobe Flash support HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "cite_note-froyo-highlights-41" [42] 2.3 (Gingerbread), which refined the user interface, improved the soft keyboard and copy/paste features, and added support for  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Near_Field_Communication" \o "Near Field Communication" Near Field Communication HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "cite_note-gingerbread-highlights-42" [43] 3.0 (Honeycomb), a tablet-oriented HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "cite_note-43" [44] HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "cite_note-44" [45] HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "cite_note-45" [46] release which supports larger screen devices and introduces many new user interface features, and supports multicore processors and hardware acceleration for graphics. HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "cite_note-honeycomb-highlights-46" [47] The Honeycomb SDK has been released and the first device featuring this version, the  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motorola_Xoom" Motorola Xoom tablet, went on sale in February 2011. HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "cite_note-47" [48] The upcoming version of Android is: Ice-cream sandwich, a combination of Gingerbread and Honeycomb into a "cohesive whole," HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "cite_note-48" [49] with a possible release in mid-2011 HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "cite_note-icecream-sandwich-49" [50] Features Current features and specifications: HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "cite_note-WhatIsAndroid-50" [51] HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "cite_note-EnSDK-51" [52] HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "cite_note-mediaformats-52" [53]  The Android Emulator default home screen (v1.5).  Architecture Diagram Handset layoutsThe platform is adaptable to larger,  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_Graphics_Array" \o "Video Graphics Array" VGA,  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2D_computer_graphics" \o "2D computer graphics" 2D graphics library,  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3D_computer_graphics" \o "3D computer graphics" 3D graphics library based on  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenGL_ES" OpenGL ES 2.0 specifications, and traditional smartphone layouts.Storage HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQLite" SQLite, a lightweight  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relational_database" relational database, is used for data storage purposesConnectivityAndroid supports connectivity technologies including  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GSM" GSM/ HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enhanced_Data_Rates_for_GSM_Evolution" \o "Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution" EDGE,  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrated_Digital_Enhanced_Network" \o "Integrated Digital Enhanced Network" IDEN,  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_division_multiple_access" \o "Code division multiple access" CDMA,  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolution-Data_Optimized" \o "Evolution-Data Optimized" EV-DO,  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_Mobile_Telecommunications_System" \o "Universal Mobile Telecommunications System" UMTS,  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bluetooth" Bluetooth,  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wi-Fi" Wi-Fi,  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LTE_Advanced" \o "LTE Advanced" LTE, and  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WiMAX" WiMAX.Messaging HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SMS" SMS and  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multimedia_Messaging_Service" \o "Multimedia Messaging Service" MMS are available forms of messaging, including threaded  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Text_messaging" text messaging and now Android Cloud to Device Messaging Framework ( HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=C2DM&action=edit&redlink=1" \o "C2DM (page does not exist)" C2DM) is also a part of Android Push Messaging service.Web browserThe web browser available in Android is based on the open-source  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WebKit" WebKit layout engine, coupled with  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Chrome" \o "Google Chrome" Chrome's  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/V8_%28JavaScript_engine%29" \o "V8 (JavaScript engine)" V8 JavaScript engine. The browser scores a 93/100 on the  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acid3" Acid3 Test.Java supportWhile most Android applications are written in  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_%28programming_language%29" \o "Java (programming language)" Java, there is no  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_Virtual_Machine" Java Virtual Machine in the platform and Java byte code is not executed. Java classes are compiled into Dalvik executables and run on the  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dalvik_virtual_machine" \o "Dalvik virtual machine" Dalvik virtual machine. Dalvik is a specialized virtual machine designed specifically for Android and optimized for battery-powered mobile devices with limited memory and CPU.  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J2ME" \o "J2ME" J2ME support can be provided via third-party-applications.Media supportAndroid supports the following audio/video/still media formats:  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WebM" WebM,  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H.263" H.263,  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H.264" \o "H.264" H.264 (in  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3GP" \o "3GP" 3GP or  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MP4" \o "MP4" MP4  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Container_format_%28digital%29" \o "Container format (digital)" container),  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MPEG-4_Part_2" \o "MPEG-4 Part 2" MPEG-4 SP,  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adaptive_multi-rate_compression" \o "Adaptive multi-rate compression" AMR,  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AMR-WB" \o "AMR-WB" AMR-WB (in 3GP container),  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Audio_Coding" \o "Advanced Audio Coding" AAC,  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HE-AAC" \o "HE-AAC" HE-AAC (in MP4 or 3GP container),  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MP3" MP3,  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musical_Instrument_Digital_Interface" \o "Musical Instrument Digital Interface" MIDI,  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vorbis" \o "Vorbis" Ogg Vorbis,  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WAV" WAV,  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JPEG" JPEG,  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portable_Network_Graphics" \o "Portable Network Graphics" PNG,  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphics_Interchange_Format" \o "Graphics Interchange Format" GIF,  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BMP_file_format" \o "BMP file format" BMP. HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29" \l "cite_note-mediaformats-52" [53]Streaming media supportRTP/RTSP streaming ( HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=3GPP_PSS&action=edit&redlink=1" \o "3GPP PSS (page does not exist)" 3GPP PSS,  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISMA" ISMA), HTML progressive download (HTML5