ࡱ> (* !"#$%&'Y !cbjbj fpefpeZ)0 0 uuuuu)& 5' `4/4"Q4Q4Q4,5,5,5$s)u,5,5,5,5,5uuQ4Q4͑FGFGFG,5huQ4uQ4FG,5FGFG^Q4:fFJH~0FG^u^ ,5,5FG,5,5,5,5,5FG,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,50 ;: Ronald Reagan and His Times: A Curriculum Resource for Illinois Educators Developed and Distributed by: The Ronald Reagan Trail Association October 2003 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This work was commissioned by the Ronald Reagan Trail Association, and accordingly, the primary debt that must be acknowledged here is one of appreciation to that group for recognizing the importance of this undertaking. The members who currently serve, and those who have served, on the board of the Reagan Trail Association selflessly perform a valuable service to the citizens of Illinois and to the nation by helping to celebrate and commemorate the historic role that central Illinois communities played in Ronald Reagans formative years. Although it is impossible to thank everyone individually, special appreciation is due to Joe Serangeli of Eureka and Jim Burke of Dixon, the respective southern and northern anchors of the Trail, for the work that they have done both in helping to create the Reagan Trail and in advancing the work of the Association through their creative vision and boundless enthusiasm. Two Eureka College students provided tremendous contributions to this effort. Elizabeth Henrichs created many lessons for elementary and middle school classes. Ever a thoughtful student, and certainly a gem of a young teacher, Ms. Henrichs ideas incorporated into the lessons evoke a sense of awe and wonder from students who realize how exciting learning can be. Eric Hager contributed hours of research to this project in bringing together a comprehensive bibliography of extant works on Ronald Reagan and the Reagan Era. The bibliography included here will help Illinois librarians to select works for their collections, but it will also benefit others at the national and global levels. Sarah Wilson provided admirable aid in typesetting portions of the manuscript. Joy Kinder provided cheerful assistance in duplicating drafts of this text as it approached final form. Eldrick Smith worked wonders in keeping a pesky computer from losing large portions of text. Jim Flynn helped to facilitate the printing and distribution of this material to school districts. Barbara Perry offered kind words of encouragement and provided valuable contact information for many school districts in central Illinois. Their efforts, and those of many others, brought this work to its final form. Corporate support from the Jelly Belly Corporation and from Caterpillar, Inc. have advanced the work of the Reagan Trail Association and make this curriculum possible. In a final sense, acknowledgment is due to the many communities of the Reagan Trail region that have protected, preserved, and honored their history through the years. The realization that we have so much to offer in central Illinois so much from which to learn is a valuable testimony to the foresight of those who have come before us. As such, many of the sites that we see today are vaguely familiar with those that a young Ronald Reagan might have experienced while hitching a ride between Dixon and Eureka. Like a roadway connecting disparate communities and providing common direction to past and present, this curricular packet is designed to link the historic present with its salient past. In our journey, both real and metaphorical, we must remember to thank those who blazed the way, those who built the path and those whose task remains to keep secure the well-worn route upon which history always rides circuit. We are still learning, but in the end that is our essential charge. PREFACE As a result of two decades of curricular reform initiatives, the state of primary and secondary education in the United States has become much more regularized than it had been in times past. Today educators focus upon long range goals for their students achievement and direct progress toward attaining these goals through a discipline-specific series of content-based objectives. The stated outcome of such a system is determined by whether or not the student can demonstrate competency in the content areas, and this is usually assessed through some form of standardized testing. While such a regularized form of curricular design does have its merits, such a system does not preclude the positive impact that a dynamic teacher or an innovative program of lessons can have on student learning and academic achievement. Students are more apt to learn lessons that they can internalize lessons that they can relate to the world and circumstances about which they are most familiar. It is in this spirit that this curricular packet is offered to the educators of central Illinois. Clearly the purpose and scope of this endeavor is to focus learning upon the formative role that central Illinois communities had in the life of Ronald Reagan. The lessons also highlight the life and times of the nations fortieth president. All of the activities and exercises included in this packet are designed to develop competencies that are essential to student academic achievement. It is neither the intent of this curriculum nor its designers to suppose that all of these materials should be incorporated into any particular school or classroom setting. Rather, these curricular materials are designed and made available to serve as supplementary tools that can be used to help Illinois educators achieve the stated goals and satisfy the necessary objectives of student learning. These lessons are not produced to advance a political bias of any sort. The curricular materials that are included here are not designed as a laudatory commentary on the life and achievements of Ronald Reagan. Students are encouraged to think independently, to analyze, to evaluate, and to use critical thinking skills effectively as they work with these curricular materials. As a result, many of the lessons that are included have open-ended questions that require thoughtful, subjective responses from the students. If the material is considered objectively and fairly, students have a tremendous latitude with which to evaluate a variety of issues. This curricular packet will likely be revised as future editions are prepared and distributed. It is important that those teachers who have used the materials within their classrooms have an opportunity to share their experiences with the Reagan Trail Association. This feedback is essential as we strive to improve the quality and the value of this learning resource. Please feel free to share ideas of what works, what needs to be improved, and what other things might need to be included in further editions of this packet. Our ultimate goal must be upon student achievement. These lessons and activities are simply a means that might be used toward that end. By rooting student learning in that which is familiar in central Illinois we hope to spark curiosity and interest that may enhance academic achievement. In the final analysis, that is the common ground upon which we all can agree. TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgments - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - xx Preface - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - xxx Table of Contents - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - iv Introduction - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -5 Note - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 6 Elementary School Resources - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 7 Middle School Resources - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 32 High School Resources - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 53 Answers - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -80 Appendix - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 91 Ronald Reagan Chronology - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 93 Ronald Reagan Bibliography - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -105 INTRODUCTION Illinois can claim historical association with three presidents of the United States Abraham Lincoln, Ulysses S. Grant, and Ronald Reagan. Of these three, only Ronald Reagan was a native-born son of the Prairie State. In 1999 the Illinois State Legislature authorized the establishment of the Reagan Trail to connect those central Illinois communities that were associated with the formative years of Ronald Reagans life in Illinois. Ranging from Tampico and Dixon in the north, respectively his birthplace and boyhood home, to Eureka in the south, where he attended Eureka College from 1928-1932, the Reagan Trail unites distinct communities bound together by a common history. In similar fashion, this educational resource is a logical extension of the Reagan Trail concept as the common experiences of central Illinois communities, along with the common experiences of the nation and world, are brought into perspective through thoughtful activities and exercises. Just as a journey along the Reagan Trail takes us from one community to another, the intellectual quest presented in this curricular resource connects various academic disciplines and provides essential critical thinking activities to enhance student learning. NOTE A few comments about the abbreviations used in this curricular packet are needed here. Documents designated with the ES prefix are designed primarily for use in the elementary school setting - grades kindergarten through fourth grade. It is possible that some of these items might work well in a middle school setting, but that determination would be based upon the students abilities. Keep in mind that there is variation from lower-order to higher-order thinking that is found within these exercises and activities. Teachers should select items that are appropriate for and commensurate with the abilities of their students. Documents designated with the MS prefix are designed primarily for use in the middle school setting - grades five through eight. It is possible that some of these items might work well either in an elementary school or in a high school setting, but that determination would be based upon the students abilities. Keep in mind that there is variation from lower-order to higher-order thinking that is found within these exercises and activities. Teachers should select items that are appropriate for and commensurate with the abilities of their students. Documents designated with the HS prefix are designed primarily for use in the high school setting - grades nine through twelve. It is possible that some of these items might work well in a middle school setting, but that determination would be based upon the students abilities. Keep in mind that there is variation from lower-order to higher-order thinking that is found within these exercises and activities. Teachers should select items that are appropriate for and commensurate with the abilities of their students. The notation DBQ that is found on some of the lessons stands for Document Based Question. These lessons involve the use of an original text, or primary source, that must be read before answering questions that follow. The questions associated with these lessons often produce open-ended responses, and thus the opportunity for subjective response and interpretation is greater here than in many of the other lessons. DBQ lessons often provide excellent opportunities for students to develop their critical thinking skills. Many of the lessons that are contained in this resource packet lend themselves toward student research that could be done either in a library setting or through the Internet. Depending upon the constraints of both time and of learning resources, teachers may decide to use some of these activities as group work rather than as individual work. When and where it is possible, teachers may wish to incorporate field trips to selected Reagan historic sites in association with the use of these curricular materials. Ideal locations to visit would be the Reagan birthplace in Tampico, the Reagan Boyhood Home in Dixon, and the Reagan Museum and Reagan Peace Garden at Eureka College. ELEMENTARY SCHOOL RESOURCES ES:1 Cities and Towns of the Reagan Trail ES:2 Ronald Reagan Acrostic ES:3 Reading Exercise and Acrostic ES:4 Words and Sentences ES:5 Lincoln, Grant & Reagan ES:6 Find the Words ES:7 Letters to the President ES:8 Berlin Wall Replication ES:9 Reagan Trail Math Exercise ES:10 Spell Time ES:11 Space Diorama ES:12 Find Me! ES:13 U.S. Map Exercise ES:14 Putting the Phrase Together ES:15 Presidents Day Art Activity ES:16 Which Word Does Not Belong? ES:17 Asking Questions and Finding Answers ES:18 Always on the Move ES:19 Find the Spelling Errors ES:20 Unearthing a 1980s Time Capsule ES:1 Cities and Towns of the Reagan Trail Directions: See how many of the cities and towns that are located along the Ronald Reagan Trail can be named in the word puzzle found below: _________R______ O_________ ______N_______________ ____________A___ ______L_________ D____________   _____________________R___ _______________E_________ ___A_______________ __________________G_________ _______________A ______N______  ES:2 Ronald Reagan Acrostic C J R I E R I D T A M P I C O A C E B F R E E U L O R L L A L E P E A F X O U T S I L E T I U P R U U A I B I C S I C H F R I L Z D V D E N O H N T A O A G I L I B Y A M W U O S T R U D N R X E I B Q A R I R C N N Y S S O O D C E A E S U H I A T R A N D Y M L I S N H E A O V I R R G P Y D T R D I R E U O S R T T A H R N N U D K B O S L U A A N A D R A A T S E U R E K A O N O B V I L G T L E S Z A O V E H C A B R O G N U I H G S R A W R A T S U P Find the following terms in the acrostic: Beirut Berlin Bush California Contras Dixon Dutch Eureka Gipper Gorbachev Illinois Iraq Libya Moscow Poland Qadaffi Star Wars Tampico Thatcher USSR ES:3 Reading Exercise and Acrostic Read the following story about Ronald Reagan: When Ronald Reagan was a young man he worked as a lifeguard at Lowell Park in Dixon, Illinois. He attended Eureka College from 1928-1932. As a student he was active in sports and in drama while he was in school. After he graduated from college, Ronald Reagan got his first job as a radio announcer. He did this for several years until he signed a contract with Warner Brothers to make films. For many years he was a movie star. In 1947, Ronald Reagan the actor became the leader of the Screen Actors Guild, a union of movie and television performers. Ronald Reagan was very interested in politics. He was elected governor of California twice and served from 1967-1975. He was later elected president of the United States twice and served from 1981-1989. Now see how many words from the story you can find in the puzzle: PRESIDENTVIDTDEXOKDYRUFMRIMRRADIOWNGABMEKVZUXULANFILMSGHETLEPNAENGPDSTSCFSPORTSETIMHLRACUOLGOVERNOR ES:4 Words and Sentences ___C____________A_______________L____________I______F__________________O________________________R____________N____________I__________________A_________ Write the following words into the spaces found in the puzzle: ACTOR FAMOUS FILMS GIPPER GOVERNOR GUILD MOVIES RADIO REAGAN UNION Using words from this list (you may also use the word California) write two sentences that tell us something important about Ronald Reagan. Each of your sentences must use at least two words from the terms that are provided. (1) (2) ES:5 Lincoln, Grant & Reagan For each of the following questions, you must tell which president is being described. You may use an encyclopedia to find information about Presidents Lincoln, Grant and Reagan. _______________ (1) He was a general during the Civil War. _______________ (2) He was born in Illinois. _______________ (3) He worked as a lawyer in Springfield. _______________ (4) He became an actor. _______________ (5) He was nicknamed The Rail Splitter. _______________ (6) He lived for a while in Galena. _______________ (7) He was assassinated and died the following day. _______________ (8) Robert E. Lee surrendered to him. _______________ (9) He survived an assassination attempt. _______________ (10) Of these three presidents, he did not have a beard. _______________ (11) Of these three presidents, he did not serve for eight years. _______________ (12) He was born in Kentucky. _______________ (13) He was born in Ohio. _______________ (14) He was nicknamed Dutch. _______________ (15) He was nicknamed Uncle Sam. ES:6 Find the Words NICHOTZNGVALAZNLARORECWEWUEQBXQGCANSSHNBGBCDRLVTINTCEPUAACBLQSQPLARPEZRNLHUSBVOBBZATMAOMTSNFSRNUUSSPCNERSEOOGUQMPXYIGSORBGMISSILESNAONHAYBILBBEARKPHUDSISKWEZEHKJZFBFHTURIEBUMZVBGIGXQTUIUCMCRLUUWSEVITAVRESNOCNSTATZSNCVBYTLTULH Locate the following terms in the puzzle: BEIRUT BUSH CONSERVATIVE CONTRAS GORBACHEV IRAN LEBANON LIBYA MEESE MISSILES NICARAGUA NORTH REPUBLICAN START USSR ES: 7 Letters to the President Beginning in 1943, a young girl named Lorraine Makler (later Wagner), joined the Ronald Reagan fan club and began writing letters to the then actor. Reagan responded to the letters, and continued so for 51 years, making it the longest known correspondence between any American president and a private citizen, and evident proof of Ronald Reagan's life-long commitment to reaching young people with his sound American values and principles. Procedures Share with the class the story of the young girl writing to the President. If possible take them to the website and let them read some of the letters the President wrote back to Lorraine. The website is  HYPERLINK "http://www.reaganranch.org/best/lorrainewagnerletters.htm" http://www.reaganranch.org/best/lorrainewagnerletters.htm Let everyone in the class write their own letter to President Bush, or the First Lady if they choose. Encourage them to ask as many questions as they want and be as personal as they choose to be. The mailing address is: The White House 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue NW Washington, DC 20500 Please fax children's letters and mail to: 202-456-7705 ES:8 Berlin Wall Replication Materials: Butcher Paper or Cardboard blocks if your school has them Wire to hold the paper up Procedures Construct a wall in the middle of your classroom made of butcher paper or the cardboard blocks before the day begins. As students come into the classroom instruct them to move to their own desks and with the first period explain the purpose of the wall. Give them a history of the wall; why it was constructed, how it affected the people on either side of it, what happened when people tried to cross it and when it finally came down. Details can be added or subtracted depending on the area you are teaching. Throughout the day, the sides will not be able to speak to one another except for outside the classroom. Find different ways to make the situation more real for the students, make the economic stabilities of each side more of a reality. At the end of the day, discuss how the wall eventually was torn down and what world leaders were involved with its destruction. Let the kids tear their wall down and reunite with their classmates. Have them write a short journal entry explaining how they felt in a divided classroom and how it must have been living in the real thing from the 1960s to the 1980s. ES:9 Reagan Trail Math Exercise The Ronald Reagan Trail runs from Dixon to Eureka in central Illinois. By looking at the map, identify the distance between the following cities: 1. Dixon to Ohio __________ 2. Princeton to Bureau __________ 3. Eureka to Washington __________ 4. Princeton to Henry __________ 5. Tampico to Walnut __________ 6. Henry to Sparland __________ 7. Walnut to Ohio __________ 8. Monmouth to Galesburg __________ 9. Ohio to Princeton __________ 10. East Peoria to Washington __________  ES:10 Spell Time! Spell the following words that have to do with our president and government: President 2. White House 3. Washington D.C. 4. Republican 5. Democrat 6. Campaign 7. Government 8. Nominate 9. Electoral 10. Congress 11. Oval Office 12. Air Force One 13. Election 14. First Lady 15. Secret Service Cabinet American Administration Politics Vice President ES:11 Space Diorama Out beyond our present horizons lie whole new continents of possibility, new worlds of hope waiting to be discovered. Weve traveled far, but weve only begun our journey. We stand on the threshold of an epic age, an age of technological splendor and an explosion of human potential, an age for heroes ~ President Reagan Remarks to participants in the Young Astronauts Program, June 11, 1986 Materials: Shoe Box (students can bring from home) Sand or Dirt Clay, Play-Do, or some other molding substance Small rocks or gravel Black Paint Small U.S. Flags Little People ~ GI Joe men or other small toy people Procedures During Ronald Reagans presidency the first non-astronaut was allowed to enter space with six others on the Challenger space shuttle. Christa McAuliffe was a schoolteacher and was planning on teaching Americas children from outer space, but, that lesson never happened due to a tragic explosion on the shuttle. President Reagan encouraged the exploration of our universe and wanted our nation to still be interested in space despite this tragic loss. To spark some outer space creativity in your students have each of them create their own space diorama using the materials listed above. After painting the inside of the box black, students construct their moon surface using the clay or other substance and the rocks, dirt, and sand. To finish, they can place an American flag on their moon with a little toy man or woman. ES:12 Find Me! I am a city or town located on the Reagan Trail in central Illinois but I got lost and cannot find my way back! Can you please help me find my home? When you figure out where I go, write my name next to my dot on the trail. Thanks for helping! Chillicothe Princeton Walnut Peoria Tampico Henry Dixon Eureka Bureau Washington Ohio East Peoria Sparland Lacon Monmouth Peoria Heights Galesburg  ES:13 U.S. Map Exercise The following states all have something dedicated to President Reagan. Color and label these states on your map. ARIZONA The Ronald Reagan Fundamental School CALIFORNIA Ronald Reagan California Republican Center Ronald Reagan State Office Building Ronald W. Reagan Federal Courthouse The Ronald Reagan Library and Center for Public Affairs DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA Ronald Reagan Building and International Trade Center Ronald Reagan Institute of Emergency Medicine - George Washington University Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport The Ronald Wilson Reagan Republican Center FLORIDA Ronald Reagan Turnpike GEORGIA Ronald Reagan Parkway ILLINOIS The Ronald and Nancy Reagan Research Center Reagan Boyhood Home Reagan Trail Ronald Reagan Peace Garden at Eureka College Ronald W. Reagan Exhibit Birthplace of Ronald Reagan MISSISSIPPI The Reagan Hope Home NEW YORK Ronald Reagan Boulevard OHIO Ronald Reagan Highway TEXAS The Reagan Leadership Society Ronald Reagan High School  ES:14 Putting the Phrase Together President Reagans START Speech O P EB Y  W IC O NP E A B S EC E FT TI C TU LY TC E T HN C EE AM E AN S .P E AN F LL I T C O T HI S O FO CC T N O T, B UF L IA B IH E  Unscramble the tiles to reveal a message. ES:15 Presidents Day Art Activity Materials needed: Outline map of Illinois Crayons or colored pencils Old newspapers and magazines Scissors Paste Each year the United States celebrates a national holiday called Presidents Day on the third Monday in February. This holiday was established to honor all of the people who have served as President of the United States throughout the nations history. Three presidents Abraham Lincoln, Ulysses S. Grant and Ronald Reagan lived in Illinois at some point in their lives. Use the outline map of Illinois that is provided to draw a picture of these three presidents. After you draw your pictures, look through the old newspapers and magazines that are provided and to find words that are related to the president of the United States (for example, the word leader). Each of you should try to find at least ten words that you can cut out of the newspapers and magazines to use in your art project. You should paste the words that you have selected in the space around the Illinois outline where you have drawn the pictures of Presidents Lincoln, Grant and Reagan. Once everyone has completed their art projects the work will be posted on the wall of the classroom. Each student will be able to tell a story about how the words that they have selected and pasted tell us something about the work that the President of the United States does.  ES:16 Which Word Does Not Belong? For each set of words, circle the word that is not associated with the other three: PRESIDENT LEADER CASTLE RULER ILLINOIS CALIFORNIA IOWA CHICAGO FILMS ACTOR MOVIES BOOKS BUSH CLINTON REAGAN SMITHDIXON EUREKA GALENA TAMPICOELECTION VOTER VACATION CANDIDATE CAPITOL WHITE HOUSE SUPREME COURT STOCK MARKETRADIO LAWS RULES POLICIESMOON OCEAN STARS PLANETS ES:17 Asking Questions and Finding Answers Procedure (1) Students should work individually and then in groups of five to six for this exercise. (2) Each student should come up with at least three questions that he would like to ask President Reagan if he had the opportunity to do so. The questions should be related to what life was like in the United States during the 1980s. (3) Once all of the students in the class have prepared their questions, they should gather in small groups to share the questions that they have written with one another. Each group must determine what single question seems to be the best, or the most interesting, to the members of the group. (4) Each group will write a letter to one of the locations listed below in order to find out additional information about the question that they have selected. (5) Once the responses begin to arrive, the information should be shared with the class and the letters can be posted on the wall of the classroom. Contact Information: The National Archives 8601 Adelphi Road College Park, Maryland 20740-6001  The Library of Congress 101 Independence Avenue, S.E. Washington, D.C. 20540  The Reagan Presidential Library 40 Presidential Drive Simi Valley, California 93065-0600  ES:18 Always on the Move Ronald Reagan was born in Tampico, Illinois, on February 6, 1911. His family moved from place to place when he was a young boy because his father needed to find a steady job. The Reagan family lived for a time in Tampico, Chicago, Galesburg, Monmouth, and Dixon. When the family moved to Dixon in 1921, Ronald Reagan was nine years old. He would always consider Dixon to be his home even though his family had lived in many different communities. It was in Dixon that Ronald Reagan completed his high school education before moving on to Eureka where he attended Eureka College from 1928 to 1932. Consider the following questions and provide your opinion for each: (1) How do you think that Ronald Reagan felt about having to move so often when he was a child? (2) Why do you believe that he considered Dixon to be home. (3) What problems might Ronald Reagan have faced because of moving from place to place. (4) What valuable lessons might he have learned from this experience? ES:19 Find the Spelling Errors In each of the following sets of words, one of the words is spelled incorrectly. Circle the word that is spelled incorrectly, and spell it correctly on the lines that are found near the bottom of this page. PRESIDENT CONGRES SENATE ELECTION CANDIDATE PRYMARY AMERICA NATION COUNTREYTAMPIKO DIXON EUREKADEFENSE TREASUREY INTERIORLIBERTY FREEDOM JUSTISEMOVIES RADIO TELYVISIONGOVERNER CALIFORNIA REELECTEDTALENT ABILITY COURRAGE Spell the misspelled words correctly in the spaces provided below: _________________ _________________ _________________ ________________ ________________ ________________ ________________ ________________ ________________ ES:20 Unearthing a 1980s Time Capsule The teacher should prepare in advance of the class a representative time capsule of the 1980s that students will be able to examine and try to explain. The class should pretend that this time capsule was recently unearthed in the schoolyard after having been buried there by a previous class. It will be the job of the students to try to find meaning in the items that this earlier class had decided to bury. Though this is not an exhaustive list, it might suggest some of the possible items that could be included in this time capsule: political campaign buttons from 1980 or 1984 a cassette tape with representative music from the period a news magazine from the period a newspaper from the period a 5.25 inch floppy disk an article about the Cold War a movie poster from the era, or movie-related action figures a videotape containing a 1980s television sitcom images of (or actual) early video games [e.g., Pac Man] a map of Central America school pictures of individuals that show period clothing and/or hair styles Once the students have tried to explain the significance of the representative items from the 1980s you should ask them what they would include if they were to produce a representative time capsule of their own era. If time and circumstances permit, you may want to consider putting together such a time capsule and burying it so that some future class might later discover it. MIDDLE SCHOOL RESOURCES MS:1 Reading a Chart: Counties along the Reagan Trail MS:2 Illinois History Quiz MS:3 Reagan Nicknames MS:4 Planning a Journey on the Reagan Trail MS:5 Library Skills Exercise MS:6 Space Adventure MS:7 All in the Family MS:8 Now Where Was That Located? MS:9 Reading Charts MS:10 Interpreting Election Results I MS:11 Interpreting Election Results II MS:12 Unscramble the Quotation MS:13 Facts about Illinois MS:14 Story Problems MS:15 Facts about Washington, D.C. MS:16 Build Your Own City MS:17 Municipalities Along the Reagan Trail MS:18 Oral History: The Cold War MS:19 Library Research Projects MS:20 Definitions MS:1 Reading a Chart: Counties along the Reagan Trail  AREA 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 ILLINOIS - - - - - 6,485,280 7,630,654 7,897,241 8,712,176 10,081,158 Bureau 869 sq. mi. 42,648 38,885 37,600 37,711 37,594 Knox 716 sq. mi 46,727 51,336 52,250 54,366 61,280 Lee 725 sq. mi. 28,004 32,329 34,604 36,451 38,749 Marshall 386 sq. mi. 14,760 13,023 13,179 13,025 13,334 Peoria 620 sq. mi 111,710 141,344 153,374 174,347 189,044 Putnam 160 sq. mi. 7,579 5,235 5,289 4,746 4,570 Tazewell 649 sq. mi. 38,540 46,082 58,362 76,165 99,789 Warren 543 sq. mi. 21,488 21,745 21,286 21,981 21,587 Whiteside 685 sq. mi. 36,174 39,019 43,338 49,336 59,887 Woodford  528 sq. mi. 19,340 18,792 19,124 21,335 24,579 (1) Which county experienced the highest growth rate from 1920 to 1960? (2) What factors might help to explain this growth rate? (3) Which county had a growth rate that was most similar to that of the state of Illinois from 1920 to 1960? (4) What county experienced the most stagnant (or negative) growth rate from 1920 to 1960? (5) What factors might help to explain this condition? (6) Which of these counties has the highest population density? (7) Which of these counties has the lowest population density? MS:2 Illinois History Quiz __________________(1) The National Road ended in this Illinois town that once served as the state capital. __________________(2) In 1860 Ulysses S. Grant moved to this Illinois town where he worked as a clerk in a dry goods store. __________________(3) This Illinois governor pardoned several of the anarchists who had been convicted of the Haymarket Riot bombing. __________________(4) 111 miners died near this Illinois town on March 27, 1947, when a gas explosion caused a coal mining disaster. __________________(5) In 1790 this African American frontiersman established the first Permanent settlement that eventually became Chicago. __________________(6) This Illinois educator was the longtime president of the Womens Christian Temperance Union. __________________(7) This individual was the only President of the United States who was born in the state of Illinois. __________________(8) This town is situated where the Illinois and Ohio rivers meet. __________________(9) On December 3, of this year, Illinois entered the Union as the twenty-first state. __________________(10) These two French Canadian explorers visited Illinois in 1763. __________________(11) Jane Addams was a social worker from Illinois. She helped create _?_, a famous settlement house in Chicago. __________________(12) This poet and Lincoln biographer was an Illinois native. __________________(13) _?_ was the name of the military skirmish that took place in western Illinois in 1832. __________________(14) This Illinois Senator debated Abraham Lincoln in 1858. __________________(15) This Illinois political figure became the first African American woman to be elected to the United States Senate. __________________(16) Home to the Owen Lovejoy homestead, this Illinois town was actively involved in the Underground Railroad. MS:3 Reagan Nicknames There were four nicknames that were used to describe Ronald W. Reagan at various points in his life. These nicknames are listed below. For each of these nicknames, trace the origin or meaning of the name. How was it used, and generally by whom. Does the nickname reflect a particular characteristic or trait of Ronald W. Reagan? (1) Dutch (2) The Gipper (3) The Great Communicator (4) The Teflon President MS:4 Planning a Journey on the Reagan Trail Assume that you must plan a trip for a family of four that will take a two-day trip to visit the main historic and cultural sites along the Ronald W. Reagan Trail in Central Illinois. You may refer to the map of the Reagan Trail that appears on page 17. Answer the following questions to help you plan the excursion. 1. Identify four locations (specific sites) that you would visit on the first day of your trip: (a) (b) (c) (d) 2. In which community along the Reagan Trail would your family most likely spend the night? 3. Identify four locations (specific sites) that you would visit on the second day of your trip: (a) (b) (c) (d) 4. Remembering that you are planning a two-day trip for a family of four, draw up an estimated budget for the excursion by considering the following possible expenses: __________ Food __________ Lodging __________ Transportation __________ Entrance Fees __________ TOTAL COST MS:5 Library Skills Exercise 1. Provide complete bibliographic citations for three biographies of Ronald W. Reagan: (a) (b) (c) 2. Provide the Dewey Decimal System call number for Wheres the Rest of Me? The Ronald Reagan Story (1965). 3. Provide a bibliographic citation for a journal article about Ronald W. Reagan that was written after he left the presidency: 4. Pick a significant issue of the 1980s and find two sources that would give you different perspectives on the issue. Identify the issue and provide bibliographic citations below: Issue: (a) (b) MS:6 Space Adventure Remember this: When we come to the edge of our known world, were standing on the shores of the infinite. Dip your hand in that limitless sea; youre touching the mystery of Gods universe. Set sail across its waters and you embark on the boldest, most noble adventure of all. Out beyond our present horizons lie whole new continents of possibility, new worlds of hope waiting to be discovered. Weve traveled far, but weve only begun our journey. There are hungry to feed, sicknesses to cure, and new worlds to explore. And this is no time for small plans or shrinking ambitions. We stand on the threshold of an epic age, an age of technological splendor and an explosion of human potential, an age for heroes. And I think Im seeing many of them right here in this room. ~ President Ronald Reagan Remarks to participants in the Young Astronauts Program, June 11, 1986 Procedures Read this quote to your students and have them really think about what it means. Tell them to think beyond all of the pictures they have seen in the movies or the tabloids and really imagine what space looks like to them. Their assignment is to imagine they are some of the first astronauts to explore the first livable planet in outer space. They land their spaceship and really do some heavy exploring to make sure it would be livable for the human race. When they find that it would be, they must convince humans to come aboard and make it their new home. They must come up with a catchy phrase to use and a brochure to sell their reality. Students need to use their imagination to create the perfect environment in which people would choose to live. They could use a known planet or create one of their own. Pictures, descriptions, and quotes from other astronauts that went to the planet are all options to be considered when completing this project. Today vistas beyond imagination are being opened for humanity in space. A new future of freedom, both peaceful and bountiful, is being created. And America is telling the world: Follow us. Well lead you there. This is the mission for which our nation itself was created, and we ask for Gods guidance. Americas as large as the universe, as infinite as space, as limitless as the vision and courage of her people. ~ President Ronald Reagan Remarks congratulating the crew of the Space Shuttle Discovery, October 14, 1988 MS:7 All in the Family Use either a biography of Ronald Reagan or an encyclopedia article to answer the following questions about the Reagan family. _______________ (1) The name of Ronald Reagans father. _______________ (2) The name of Ronald Reagans mother. _______________ (3) The nickname that Ronald Reagans father gave him as a child. _______________ (4) The name of Ronald Reagans brother _______________ (5) The nickname of Ronald Reagans brother. _______________ (6) The name of Ronald Reagans first wife. _______________ (7) The name of Ronald Reagans second wife. _______________ (8) The names of Ronald Reagans four children. _______________ (9) _______________ (10) _______________ (11) _______________ (12) Ronald Reagan was born in ___, Illinois, in 1911. _______________ (13) The Ronald Reagan Boyhood Home is located in ___, Illinois. _______________ (14) Both of the Reagan brothers attended college at ___ in Illinois. _______________ (15) Reagan family ancestors came to America from ___ (what country). MS:8 Now Where Was That Located? After viewing the short video that describes the Illinois communities connected by the Reagan Trail, see if you can answer the following questions. ___ (1) Ronald Reagan was born in (A) Dixon. (B) Tampico. (C) Walnut. (D) Eureka. ___ (2) Ronald Reagan went to high school in (A) East Peoria. (B) Henry. (C) Dixon. (D) Ohio. ___ (3) Ronald Reagan went to college in (A) Eureka. (B) Peoria. (C) Dixon. (D) Princeton. ___ (4) The Wings of Peace and Freedom Memorial is located in (A) Eureka. (B) Tampico. (C) Chillicothe. (D) Dixon. ___ (5) The largest community located along the Reagan Trail is (A) East Peoria. (B) Eureka. (C) Peoria. (D) Dixon. ___ (6) The Owen Lovejoy Homestead is located in (A) Tampico. (B) Henry. (C) Dixon. (D) Princeton. ___ (7) An actual portion of the Berlin Wall can be found in (A) Princeton. (B) Henry. (C) Peoria. (D) Eureka. ___ (8) The Ronald Reagan Boyhood Home is located in (A) Tampico. (B) Eureka. (C) Dixon. (D) Washington. ___ (9) The Reagan Peace Garden is located in (A) Dixon. (B) Walnut. (C) Eureka. (D) Ohio. ___ (10) Lowell Park is located along the Rock River in (A) Tampico. (B) Dixon. (C) Eureka. (D) Henry. MS:9 Reading Charts Election of 1980 Name of CandidatePopular VotesPercentage Popular VoteElectoral VotesNumber of States CarriedJohn Anderson (I)5,720,0606.61%00Jimmy Carter (D)35,483,88341.01%496Ronald Reagan (R)43,904,15350.75%48944 Election of 1984 Name of CandidatePopular VotesPercentage Popular VoteElectoral VotesNumber of States CarriedWalter Mondale (D)37,577,18541.03%131Ronald Reagan (R)54,455,07558.77%52549 Using the two charts that are located above, answer the following questions: (1) The elections of 1980 and 1984 are often described as landslide victories for Ronald Reagan. Is this an accurate statement? Upon what basis can they be viewed as landslide victories? Does any evidence in the charts indicate anything different? (2) Was Walter Mondales candidacy in 1984 more or less successful than Jimmy Carters candidacy had been in 1980? What evidence from the charts can you cite to support your position? (3) Do the charts produce any evidence of crossover voting patterns for example, Republicans voting for a Democratic candidate, or Democrats voting for a Republican candidate? MS:10 Interpreting Election Results I Election of 1980 COUNTYJohn Anderson (I)Jimmy Carter (D)Ronald Reagan (R)Total Votes Bureau County1,0935,75311,484Knox County2,0698,74914,907Lee County7813,17011,373Marshall County3361,9034,349Peoria County6,16928,27647,815Putnam County2351,1581,959Tazewell County3,20616,92435,481Warren County4892,7565,667Whiteside County1,2427,19117,389Woodford County7113,55210,791 Using the chart that is presented here and a calculator, answer the following questions: (1) In which of the Reagan Trail counties did Ronald Reagan capture the greatest percentage of the votes cast in 1980? (2) In which of the Reagan Trail counties did Ronald Reagan capture the smallest percentage of the votes cast in 1980? (3) In which of the Reagan Trail counties was the 1980 contest between Jimmy Carter and Ronald Reagan the most competitive? MS:11 Interpreting Election Results II Election of 1984 COUNTYWalter Mondale (D)Ronald Reagan (R)Total Votes Bureau County6,92511,741Knox County12,02714,974Lee County3,91911,178Marshall County2,3864,060Peoria County36,83045,607Putnam County1,4871,912Tazewell County23,09533,782Warren County3,3185,846Whiteside County11,22616,743Woodford County4,42510,758 Using the chart that is presented here and a calculator, answer the following questions: (1) In which of the Reagan Trail counties did Ronald Reagan capture the greatest percentage of the votes cast in 1984? (2) In which of the Reagan Trail counties did Ronald Reagan capture the smallest percentage of the votes cast in 1984? (3) In which of the Reagan Trail counties was the 1984 contest between Walter Mondale and Ronald Reagan the most competitive? MS:12 Unscramble the Quotation Ronald Reagan on Government ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ261410 EETETT682526119172691026523221022108 PTTE141181026210152220118172624213 TE.EE EET8101326111213261126 6825261191726910 EET13242268926182638919231022 TE21231723102223222391926223192396 TPTET10814118102621015222011817 EE. 81511222621252622 MS:13 Facts about Illinois ____________________ (1) What is the capital of Illinois? ____________________ (2) Where was Ronald Reagan born? ____________________ (3) What is the Illinois State Bird? ____________________ (4) What are Illinois nicknames? ____________________ (5) When did Illinois become a state? ____________________ (6) What is the state flower of Illinois? ____________________ (7) How many people live in Illinois? ____________________ (8) What is the name of the national hockey team in llinois? ____________________ (9) What states border Illinois? ____________________ (10) What bird is on the Illinois State Flag? ____________________ (11) What are the major industries of Illinois? ____________________ (12) What is the Illinois state tree? ____________________ (13) What is Illinois urban population? ____________________ (14) What is Illinois rural population? ____________________ (15) What is the average family size in Illinois? ____________________ (16) How many people in Illinois are enrolled in either elementary or high school? ____________________ (17) How many people in Illinois are enrolled in college? ____________________ (18) What is the Illinois state motto? ____________________ (19) What is the Illinois state song? ____________________ (20) What Great Lake borders Illinois? MS:14 Story Problems In the 1980 Presidential Election, 43,267,489 people voted for Ronald Reagan, 34,964,583 people voted for Jimmy Carter, and 5,588,014 voted for John B. Anderson. How many people in the United States voted that year? How many did not vote for Ronald Reagan? In 1984, Ronald Reagan ran against Walter F. Mondale for the Presidency. Reagan received 53, 428,357 popular votes and 525 electoral votes and Mondale received 36,930,923 popular votes and 13 electoral votes. How many electoral votes were cast? How many popular votes were cast? If Ronald Reagan was Governor of California from 1967 75 and President of the United States from 1981 89, how many years did he hold a government office? While President, Ronald Reagan earned $200,000 per year plus a $50,000 expense account. How much total income did he earn for the eight years he was President? MS:15 Facts about Washington, D.C. ____________________ (1) How many years did President Reagan and the First Lady live in D.C.? ____________________ (2) What is the address of the White House? ____________________ (3) Does the capital have its own flag? ____________________ (4) What is the total population of Washington, D.C.? ____________________ (5) What is the average family size in Washington, D.C.? ____________________ (6) Who is our federal district (D.C.) named after? ____________________ (7) What industries form the entire economic base of the capital? ____________________ (8) What is the motto of Washington, D.C.? ____________________ (9) What is the official flower of the capital? ____________________ (10) What states border the capital? ____________________ (11) What transportation center in D.C. was renamed for President Reagan? ____________________ (12) Who was hired in 1790 to design our nations capital? ____________________ (13) What river runs through the national capital? ____________________ (14) What three memorials in D.C. were named after former Presidents. ____________________ (15) Name the first president to live in the White House? ____________________ (16) What is the name of the capitals NFL team? ____________________ (17) Where did the assassination attempt take place against President Reagan? ____________________ (18) What is the official bird of the capital? ____________________ (19) When was Washington, D.C. admitted to the Union? ____________________ (20) What is the largest museum in Washington, D.C.? MS:16 Build Your Own City Materials: Poster Board Markers Colored Pencils Procedures: Every time a new President is elected he and his family move to the White House in our nations capital, Washington, D.C. Washington, D.C. was actually our nations first city to be constructed from a formal plan. Men sat down and decided where they wanted all of the important government buildings to go as well as the schools, stores, and police stations. Tell the class that they are going to be making their own cities, completely using their imaginations. They will need to think of all the necessities it will need to serve its people, everything from grocery stores to police stations. You can brainstorm with the kids to think of all the different buildings that will need to be constructed depending on the size of everyones town or city. After a while tell them to begin sketching out their plans with pencil onto their poster board. Remind them to include parking lots, roads and enough room for people to get around. Everything should be drawn as if from an aerial view. Give them a few days to finish and then display them around the room. Be sure they each give their new population a name and then let the class walk around and look at everyones designs. Adaptations: The work could be done individually or in a group, whichever is preferred. MS:17 Municipalities Along the Reagan Trail [You may refer to the map of the Reagan Trail that appears on page 17] For each of the following communities found along the Reagan Trail, answer the following questions: In which county is the community located? Is the community considered to be a village, a town, or a city? According to the most recent census, what is the communitys population? If the community has a mayor, who currently serves in that position? The communities to be researched are: Bureau Chillicothe Dixon East Peoria Eureka Galesburg Henry Monmouth Ohio Peoria Princeton Sparland-Lacon Tampico Walnut Washington MS:18 Oral History: The Cold War Materials For this lesson the students will need access to tape recorders or video cameras for interviews. Procedures This project gives students an opportunity to make the Cold War come alive by interviewing adults who remember growing up in the United States during such an uncertain time in history. Begin the project by making sure all the students have someone in mind that they could interview about the experience of going to school and living in the United States in the 1950s and 1960s. Go over with the students, specific Cold War terminology so that they are familiar with words they will need to ask their interviewee about. Terms such as: A-bomb, H-bomb, Air-raid drill, radioactive fallout, bomb shelter, Intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM), Gorbachev and Reagan. Brainstorm with class to come up with specific questions that could be asked during the interview. Such as: When you were a child did you hear people talk about atomic bombs? How did people seem to feel about nuclear war? Did you understand who the enemy was? Did you ever hear about or see a bomb shelter? What supplies were in these? Do you remember seeing movies or television shows about nuclear destruction? Remind the students about the basics of setting up and conducting a personal interview. Remind the students what to do after the interview. Have each student give a 3 to 5 minute presentation to the class summarizing their interview. Allow the class to comment on each others presentations with their own interview similarities. Discuss with the class the similarities and differences of growing up in the 1950s and 1960s as compared to today. Adaptation Instead of sending students out to do one-on-one interviews, invite to class someone who went to an American public school during these two decades. The guest could talk about how the thought of nuclear war affected their day-to-day school lives and the students could have pre-prepared questions for him or her. MS:19 Library Research Projects Students choose a particular day in President Reagans history and write a journal entry as if they were experiencing that day as President Reagan. The students will research that day in the library and be able to provide historical evidence on what occurred that day. Examples might include: Election Day, Inauguration Day, the Day of the Challenger Explosion, a visit back to Eureka College. Students research Reagans two terms as President comparing and contrasting them. This could be done as a group project, since so many different aspects will need to be considered. President Reagans views and policies, world events and his cabinet are all some of the perspectives that will need to be considered. Students construct the front page of a newspaper from one of the important years in President Reagans life. Students include the major events of that year on their paper and write everything as if it were an actual newspaper. Students construct a visual time capsule from the 1980s. In groups, the students research different aspects of this decade. Areas to be looked at would be politics, music, fashion, and entertainment. Their research is presented on a poster board and will then be displayed in the room. This is a chance for the students to show off their creativity and especially great for the artistic kids in class. Time capsules could also be done from his college years, Governor years, and Presidential years specifically. Students research the major world powers during Reagans Presidency. Biographies could be done on the leaders of each country as well as reports on the governments and the stability of each leading country. MS:20 Definitions The following words all relate to our government in some way or another. Give a definition for each. Inauguration Electoral College Supreme Court Congress Election Day Executive Branch Legislative Branch Judicial Branch Oval Office Pentagon HIGH SCHOOL RESOURCES HS:1 Ronald Reagan: Movie Star HS:2 Iran-Contra Affair HS:3 President Reagans Cabinet Members HS:4 DBQ: Challenger Disaster - January 28, 1986 HS:5 DBQ: Alzheimers Announcement, November 5, 1994 HS:6 A Visit to Eureka College HS:7 President Reagans Views on Peace HS:8 DBQ: President Reagan Speaks at Normandy, June 6, 1984 HS:9 The Reagan Peace Garden at Eureka College HS:10 Tough Reagan Trivia Items HS:11 1911 Trivia HS:12 1921 Trivia HS:13 1928 Trivia HS:14 World Leaders of the Reagan Era HS:15 Reagan and Eureka College HS:16 DBQ Analyzing Editorial Opinion HS:17 DBQ Music as Social Commentary HS:18 A Calling to Service HS:19 1980s Popular Culture HS:20 Cold War Presidents Project HS:1 Ronald Reagan: Movie Star __________________ (1) Name of the Hollywood studio that offered Ronald Reagan an actor=s contract in 1937 to make films. __________________ (2) This 1938 film was the first in which Ronald Reagan had the leading male actor role. __________________ (3) This Ronald Reagan film also featured his brother Neil. __________________ (4) Name the 1938 film in which Ronald Reagan co-starred with Jane Wyman. __________________ (5) Name the chimpanzee that was featured in a classic 1951 Reagan film. __________________ (6) Ronald Reagan earned a nickname from the character he portrayed in Knute Rockne: All American. What was the nickname? __________________ (7) Knute Rockne was a very famous football coach. Where did he coach? __________________ (8) What was the name of the character that Ronald Reagan played in the film King=s Row? __________________ (9) This line from King=s Row became the title of Ronald Reagan=s 1965 autobiography. __________________ (10) Name the 1957 film in which Ronald Reagan co-starred with Nancy Davis. __________________ (11) This 1940 film told the story of ABleeding Kansas.@ __________________ (12) This 1964 film was the last movie that Ronald Reagan made before he entered California politics. HS:2 Iran-Contra Affair __________________ (1) The contras were fighting a civil war against the communist- backed government of this Central American nation. __________________ (2) Name the specific group that the contras were fighting. __________________ (3) Iran was at war with ___ during the 1980s. __________________ (4) ___ was the leader of Iran during most of the 1980s. __________________ (5) Legislation known as the ___ made it illegal for the U.S. to supply the contras without congressional action. __________________ (6) This Marine lieutenant colonel was the key figure of Iran- Contra Affair. __________________ (7) ___ was the White House Chief of Staff who eventually lost his job because of Iran-Contra. __________________ (8) ___ was Chairman of the National Security Council (1983- 1985) __________________ (9) ___ was Chairman of the National Security Council (1985- 1986) __________________ (10) This judge was named Special Prosecutor to investigate the Iran-Contra Affair. __________________ (11) ___ was the Secretary of Defense at the time of Iran-Contra. __________________ (12) ___ was the Secretary of State at the time of Iran-Contra. __________________ (13) ___ was the Attorney General at the time of Iran-Contra. __________________ (14) ___ was a former CIA director who was implicated in the Iran-Contra Affair. __________________ (15) This U.S. Senator from Texas was appointed to head a special commission that investigated the Iran-Contra Affair. HS:3 President Reagans Cabinet Members A. Secretary of Agriculture B. Secretary of Commerce C. Secretary of Defense D. Secretary of Education E. Secretary of Energy F. Secretary of Health & Human Services G. Secretary of Housing & Urban Development H. Secretary of Interior I. Attorney General J. Secretary of Labor K. Secretary of State L. Secretary of Transportation M. Secretary of Treasury ___ (1) James A. Baker ___ (2) Malcolm Baldridge ___ (3) Terrel Bell ___ (4) William J. Bennett ___ (5) John R. Block ___ (6) Otis R. Bowen ___ (7) Nicholas F. Brady ___ (8) William E. Brock ___ (9) James Burnley IV ___ (10) Frank Carlucci ___ (11) Lauro F. Cavazos ___ (12) William P. Clark ___ (13) Elizabeth H. Dole ___ (14) Raymond J. Donovan ___ (15) James B. Edwards ___ (16) Alexander M. Haig, Jr. ___ (17) Margaret M. Heckler ___ (18) John S. Herrington ___ (19) Donald P. Hodel ___ (20) Andrew L. Lewis ___ (21) Richard E. Lyng ___ (22) Ann McLaughlin ___ (23) Edwin Meese ___ (24) Samuel R. Pierce ___ (25) Donald T. Regan ___ (26) Richard S. Schweiker ___ (27) George P. Shultz ___ (28) William French Smith ___ (29) Richard Thornburgh ___ (30) C. William Verrity, Jr. ___ (31) James G. Watt ___ (32) Caspar W. Weinberger HS:4 DBQ: Challenger Disaster - January 28, 1986 Ladies and Gentlemen, I'd planned to speak to you tonight to report on the state of the Union, but the events of earlier today have led me to change those plans. Today is a day for mourning and remembering. Nancy and I are pained to the core by the tragedy of the shuttle Challenger. We know we share this pain with all of the people of our country. This is truly a national loss. Nineteen years ago, almost to the day, we lost three astronauts in a terrible accident on the ground. But we've never lost an astronaut in flight; we've never had a tragedy like this. And perhaps we've forgotten the courage it took for the crew of the shuttle. But they, the Challenger Seven, were aware of the dangers, overcame them and did their jobs brilliantly. We mourn seven heroes: Michael Smith, Dick Scobee, Judith Resnik, Ronald McNair, Ellison Onizuka, Gregory Jarvis, and Christa McAuliffe. We mourn their loss as a nation together. [To] the families of the seven: we cannot bear, as you do, the full impact of this tragedy. But we feel the loss, and we're thinking about you so very much. Your loved ones were daring and brave, and they had that special grace, that special spirit that says, AGive me a challenge, and I'll meet it with joy.@ They had a hunger to explore the universe and discover its truths. They wished to serve, and they did. They served all of us. We've grown used to wonders in this century. It's hard to dazzle us. But for 25 years the United States space program has been doing just that. We've grown used to the idea of space, and perhaps we forget that we've only just begun. We're still pioneers. They, the members of the Challenger crew, were pioneers. And I want to say something to the schoolchildren of America who were watching the live coverage of the shuttle's takeoff. I know it is hard to understand, but sometimes painful things like this happen. It's all part of the process of exploration and discovery. It's all part of taking a chance and expanding man's horizons. The future doesn't belong to the fainthearted; it belongs to the brave. The Challenger crew was pulling us into the future, and we'll continue to follow them. I've always had great faith in and respect for our space program, and what happened today does nothing to diminish it. We don't hide our space program. We don't keep secrets and cover things up. We do it all up front and in public. That's the way freedom is, and we wouldn't change it for a minute. We'll continue our quest in space. There will be more shuttle flights and more shuttle crews and, yes, more volunteers, more civilians, more teachers in space. Nothing ends here; our hopes and our journeys continue. I want to add that I wish I could talk to every man and woman who works for NASA or who worked on this mission and tell them: AYour dedication and professionalism have moved an impressed us for decades. And we know of your anguish. We share it.@ There' s a coincidence today. On this day 390 years ago, the great explorer Sir Francis Drake died aboard ship off the coast of Panama. In his lifetime the great frontiers were the oceans, and an historian later said, AHe lived by the sea, died on it, and was buried in it.@ Well today we can say of the Challenger crew: Their dedication was, like Drake's, complete. The crew of the space shuttle Challenger honored us by the manner in which they lived their lives. We will never forget them, nor the last time we saw them, this morning, as they prepared for their journey and waved goodbye and Aslipped the surly bonds of earth@ to Atouch the face of God.@ Thank you. _____ Having read President Reagan=s remarks to the nation, answer the following questions: (1) What specific groups does the president address in his remarks, and what does he say to each? (2) How does the president frame the events of the day in a historical context? (3) What part of the speech do you find to be the most moving? HS:5 DBQ: Alzheimers Announcement, November 5, 1994 Read the following historical document. Answer the questions that follow. Nov. 5, 1994 My fellow Americans, I have recently been told that I am one of the millions of Americans who will be afflicted with Alzheimer's disease. Upon learning this news, Nancy and I had to decide whether as private citizens we would keep this a private matter or whether we would make this news known in a public way. In the past, Nancy suffered from breast cancer and I had cancer surgeries. We found through our open disclosures we were able to raise public awareness. We were happy that as a result many more people underwent testing. They were treated in early stages and able to return to normal, healthy lives. So now we feel it is important to share it with you. In opening our hearts, we hope this might promote greater awareness of this condition. Perhaps it will encourage a clear understanding of the individuals and families who are affected by it. At the moment, I feel just fine. I intend to live the remainder of the years God gives me on this earth doing the things I have always done. I will continue to share life's journey with my beloved Nancy and my family. I plan to enjoy the great outdoors and stay in touch with my friends and supporters. Unfortunately, as Alzheimer's disease progresses, the family often bears a heavy burden. I only wish there was some way I could spare Nancy from this painful experience. When the time comes, I am confident that with your help she will face it with faith and courage. In closing, let me thank you, the American people, for giving me the great honor of allowing me to serve as your president. When the Lord calls me home, whenever that may be, I will leave the greatest love for this country of ours and eternal optimism for its future. I now begin the journey that will lead me into the sunset of my life. I know that for America there will always be a bright dawn ahead. Thank you, my friends. Sincerely, Ronald Reagan (1) Why did former President Reagan decide to make his illness a public matter? (2) What particular phrases did President Reagan use to describe this disease and its effects? (3) What different types of emotions are touched by various portions of the letter? Explain. (4) Is there anything that you believe should have been included in the letter, but was not included? Explain. (5) What effect did this letter have on educating the public about this disease? HS:6 A Visit to Eureka College After visiting Eureka College, you should be able to answer the following questions: (1) What is meant by the term burgoo. How is it related to the history of Eureka College? (2) Explain the significance of AThe Recruiting Elm@ at Eureka College. (3) Who were the abolitionists? How does their story relate to the history of Eureka College? (4) What special aspects of women=s history are associated with the history of Eureka College? (5) Why is a portion of the Berlin Wall found today at Eureka College? HS:7 President Reagans Views on Peace 12342 567899102 311627428124871213549 111499102311513591598 48121659104871213549 11512342121413172376 What does this quotation mean to you? HERE ARE YOUR CLUES FOR SOLVING THIS PUZZLE: __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ Ronald Reagan was the ___ (number) President of the U.S. 12 10 __ __ __ __ __ __ Reagan had been a lifeguard at __ Park on the Rock River. 16 __ __ __ __ __ __ __ Ronald Reagan was born in __ in 1911. 9 17 8 __ __ __ __ Ronald Reagan=s Vice President, 1981-89. 11 6 __ __ __ __ __ __ Ronald Reagan graduated from __ College in 1932. 2 3 __ __ __ __ __ Ronald Reagan=s nickname when he was young. 14 4 __ __ __ __ __ Ronald Reagan graduated from high school in __, Illinois. 5 7 __ __ __ __ __ __ The Solidarity Labor Movement was organized in __. 1 13 __ __ __ __ __ __ supported international terrorists in the 1980s. 15 HS:8 DBQ: President Reagan Speaks at Normandy, June 6, 1984 Ronald Reagan=s Speech on the 40th Anniversary of D-Day Pointe de Hoc, Normandy, France, June 6, 1984 We're here to mark that day in history when the Allied peoples joined in battle to reclaim this continent to liberty. For four long years, much of Europe had been under a terrible shadow. Free nations had fallen, Jews cried out in the camps, millions cried out for liberation. Europe was enslaved, and the world prayed for its rescue. Here in Normandy the rescue began. Here the Allies stood and fought against tyranny in a giant undertaking unparalleled in human history. We stand on a lonely, windswept point on the northern shore of France. The air is soft, but forty years ago at this moment, the air was dense with smoke and the cries of men, and the air was filled with the crack of rifle fire and the roar of cannon. At dawn, on the morning of the 6th of June 1944, 225 Rangers jumped off the British landing craft and ran to the bottom of these cliffs. Their mission was one of the most difficult and daring of the invasion: to climb these sheer and desolate cliffs and take out the enemy guns. The Allies had been told that some of the mightiest of these guns were here and they would be trained on the beaches to stop the Allied advance. The Rangers looked up and saw the enemy soldiers--at the edge of the cliffs shooting down at them with machine-guns and throwing grenades. And the American Rangers began to climb. They shot rope ladders over the face of these cliffs and began to pull themselves up. When one Ranger fell, another would take his place. When one rope was cut, a Ranger would grab another and begin his climb again. They climbed, shot back, and held their footing. Soon, one by one, the Rangers pulled themselves over the top, and in seizing the firm land at the top of these cliffs, they began to seize back the continent of Europe. Two hundred and twenty-five came here. After two days of fighting only ninety could still bear arms. Behind me is a memorial that symbolizes the Ranger daggers that were thrust into the top of these cliffs. And before me are the men who put them there. These are the boys of Pointe du Hoc. These are the men who took the cliffs. These are the champions who helped free a continent. These are the heroes who helped end a war. Gentlemen, I look at you and I think of the words of Stephen Spender's poem. You are men who in your 'lives fought for life . . . and left the vivid air signed with your honor . . .= Forty summers have passed since the battle that you fought here. You were young the day you took these cliffs; some of you were hardly more than boys, with the deepest joys of life before you. Yet you risked everything here. Why? Why did you do it? What impelled you to put aside the instinct for self-preservation and risk your lives to take these cliffs? What inspired all the men of the armies that met here? We look at you, and somehow we know the answer. It was faith, and belief; it was loyalty and love. The men of Normandy had faith that what they were doing was right, faith that they fought for all humanity, faith that a just God would grant them mercy on this beachhead or on the next. It was the deep knowledge--and pray God we have not lost it--that there is a profound moral difference between the use of force for liberation and the use of force for conquest. You were here to liberate, not to conquer, and so you and those others did not doubt your cause. And you were right not to doubt. You all knew that some things are worth dying for. One's country is worth dying for, and democracy is worth dying for, because it's the most deeply honorable form of government ever devised by man. All of you loved liberty. All of you were willing to fight tyranny, and you knew the people of your countries were behind you. After having read this primary document, answer the following questions: (1) How does President Reagan use history to frame his remarks? (2) What is the larger message that President Reagan sought to communicate through this speech? (3) What part of the speech do you consider to be the most moving? Why? HS:9 The Reagan Peace Garden at Eureka College After you have visited the Reagan Peace Garden, respond to the following questions: 1. Identify three different examples of symbolism that you found in the Reagan Peace Garden: (a) (b) (c) 2. Which of the quotations on the monument pedestal was most meaningful to you? Why? 3. Why is the Berlin Wall especially significant in history? 4. Describe the appearance of the Berlin Wall. Why are its two sides so different? 5. Why do some people consider the START Speech to mark the beginning of the end of the Cold War? HS:10 Tough Reagan Trivia Items ____________________ (1) Who was Ronald Reagans football coach at Eureka College? ____________________ (2) In 1976, Ronald Reagan had indicated that this Pennsylvania Senator would be his Vice Presidential running-mate if he got the Republican nomination. ____________________ (3) Ronald W. Reagan was the nations fortieth president. What was his middle name? ____________________ (4) Besides Illinois and California, what was the only other state in which Ronald W. Reagan was ever a legal resident? ____________________ (5) How old was Ronald W. Reagan when he was first elected president in 1980? ____________________ (6) In what city is Reagan National Airport located? ____________________ (7) What Illinois town was home to both Ronald W. Reagan and Nancy Davis Reagan when they were children? ____________________ (8) In what year did Ronald W. Reagan officially switch his political party affiliation from the Democratic to the Republican Party? ____________________ (9) Who was the incumbent California Governor that Ronald W. Reagan defeated in November 1966? ____________________ (10) Whom did Ronald W. Reagan defeat in 1970 when he won reelection to a second term as Governor of California? ____________________ (11) Name the only state that President Reagan did not carry during his 1984 reelection electoral landslide. ____________________ (12) Who was the principal third-party candidate who also sought the presidency in 1980 when Ronald Reagan challenged incumbent President Jimmy Carter. ____________________ (13) What movie-inspired nickname was associated with the Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI) that was advocated by President Reagan. ____________________ (14) Name the two leaders of the Soviet Union who served brief terms between the time of Leonid Brezhnev and Mikhail Gorbachev. ____________________ (15) HS:11 1911 Trivia ____________________ (1) Who was the President of the U.S. in 1911? ____________________ (2) How many states made up the U.S. in 1911? ____________________ (3) Who won the World Series in 1911? ____________________ (4) Was 1911 a leap year? ____________________ (5) Ronald Reagan was born on February 6 - what day of the week? ____________________ (6) Who won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1911? ____________________ (7) The most recent summer Olympics had been held in ___. ____________________ (8) In the most recent census (1910), Illinois population was ___. ____________________ (9) Who was the Governor of Illinois in 1911? ____________________ (10) Where was Ronald Reagan living in 1911? ____________________ (11) ___ won the first Indianapolis 500 in 1911 with an average speed of 74.59 mph. ____________________ (12) The author Jack London published the novel ___ in 1911. ____________________ (13) The song AAlexander=s Ragtime Band@ was composed by ___ in 1911. ____________________ (14) On May 15, 1911, the U.S. Supreme Court ordered the breakup of the ___ because it violated antitrust laws. ____________________ (15) The American industrialist ___ organized a charitable foundation in 1911 with 125 million dollars to be distributed toward good causes. ____________________ (16) In New York City, 146 workers perished in a fire that took place at the ___, a sweatshop that operated in the garment district. ____________________ (17) How many amendments to the U.S. Constitution existed in 1911? ____________________ (18) A major revolution took place in ___ when an imperial dynasty was overthrown and a republic was created. ____________________ (19) The explorer ___ reached the South Pole in 1911. ____________________ (20) A horse named ___ won the Kentucky Derby in 1911. HS:12 1921 Trivia ____________________ (1) Who was the President of the U.S. in 1921? ____________________ (2) How many states made up the U.S. in 1921? ____________________ (3) Who won the World Series in 1921? ____________________ (4) Was 1921 a leap year? ____________________ (5) Ronald Reagan birthday (Feb. 6) fell on what day of the week? ____________________ (6) Who won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1921? ____________________ (7) The most recent summer Olympics had been held in ___. ____________________ (8) In the most recent census (1920), Illinois population was ___. ____________________ (9) Who was the Governor of Illinois in 1921? ____________________ (10) Where was Ronald Reagan living in 1921? ____________________ (11) Nov. 11 became a legal holiday in 1921. It was called ___. ____________________ (12) ___ defended his world heavyweight boxing champion title in 1921. It was the first prizefight to draw a one million dollar gate. ____________________ (13) The best-selling novel of 1921 was The Shiek by Edith W. Hull. When it was made into a movie, ___ was the leading actor. ____________________ (14) ___ was able to test his theory about air power by sinking a vessel with a bomb dropped from an airplane in 1921. ____________________ (15) Author Edith Wharton won the Pulitzer Prize for her novel ___. ____________________ (16) How many amendments to the U.S. Constitution existed in 1921? ____________________ (17) The famous trial of Sacco & Vanzetti took place in the state of ___ in 1921. ____________________ (18) In the wake of the First World War, the nation of ___ was told that it was responsible for paying some $33 billion in reparations. ____________________ (19) The ___ were the 1921 Stanley Cup winners in hockey. ____________________ (20) A horse named ___ won the Kentucky Derby in 1921. HS:13 1928 Trivia ____________________ (1) Who was the President of the U.S. in 1928? ____________________ (2) How many states made up the U.S. in 1928? ____________________ (3) Who won the World Series in 1928? ____________________ (4) Was 1928 a leap year? ____________________ (5) Ronald Reagan=s birthday (Feb. 6) fell on what day of the week? ____________________ (6) Who won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1928? ____________________ (7) The 1928 summer Olympics were held in ___. ____________________ (8) In the most recent census (1920), Illinois population was ___. ____________________ (9) Who was the Governor of Illinois in 1928? ____________________ (10) Where was Ronald Reagan living in 1928? ____________________ (11) In the ___ nations of the world signed a treaty that outlawed war and called upon nations to settle disputes with arbitration. ____________________ (12) Walt Disney introduced the character ___ in the 1928 cartoon Plane Crazy. ____________________ (13) In 1928 author Thornton Wilder won the Pulitzer Prize for his novel ___. ____________________ (14) In 1928 the first Academy Awards (Oscars) were given. That year, ___ won the Oscar for Best Picture. ____________________ (15) In 1928, ___ became the first woman to fly across the Atlantic Ocean. ____________________ (16) How many amendments to the U.S. Constitution existed in 1928? ____________________ (17) Alexander Fleming discovered ___ in 1928. ____________________ (18) ___ started his expedition to Antarctica in 1928 & returned in 1930. ____________________ (19) The ___ won the Stanley Cup in hockey in 1928. ____________________ (20) A horse named ___ won the Kentucky Derby in 1928. HS:14 World Leaders of the Reagan Era The following individuals were world leaders during all or part of the 1980s. For each of these world leaders, research the answers to the following questions: (a) What did they govern? (b) What type of government did they serve (ex, democracy, communism, theocracy, etc.) (c) Describe the relationship between this leader and the U.S. during the 1980s. (d) What eventually happened to this world leader (ex, retired, defeated, overthrown, etc.) (1) Fidel Castro (2) Indira Gandhi (3) Mikhail Gorbachev (4) Saddam Hussein (5) Wojciech Jaruzelski (6) John Paul II (7) Kim Il Sung (8) Ruhollah Khomeini (9) Helmut Kohl (10) Ferdinand Marcos (11) Franois Mitterand (12) Hosnei Mubarak (13) Brian Mulroney (14) Daniel Ortega (15) Muammar Qaddafi (16) Jerry J. Rawlings (17) Yitzhak Shamir (18) Margaret Thatcher (19) Kurt Waldheim (20) Deng Xiaoping HS:15 Reagan and Eureka College After having toured the Eureka College campus and visited the Ronald Reagan Museum, you should be able to answer the following questions about Ronald Reagan and Eureka College: ____________________ (1) Ronald Reagan graduated from Eureka College in the year ___. ____________________ (2) Ronald Reagan joined the ___ fraternity when in college. ____________________ (3) For a part-time job, Reagan washed dishes in a girl=s dormitory that was called ___. ____________________ (4) Besides football, Reagan was involved in one other sport, ___. ____________________ (5) Reagan was involved in what controversial action during the fall semester of his freshman year? ____________________ (6) What position in student government did Reagan hold during his senior year in college? ____________________ (7) In what year did former President Reagan make his last visit to Eureka College? ____________________ (8) What was Ronald Reagan=s nickname when he was in college? ____________________ (9) What was Ronald Reagan=s major when he graduated from college? ____________________ (10) Who was Ronald Reagan=s college sweetheart? ____________________ (11) ___, the eldest child of President Reagan, served as a Trustee of Eureka College, her father=s alma mater. ____________________ (12) ___, the older brother of Ronald Reagan, also graduated from Eureka College. ____________________ (13) Ronald Reagan=s football coach when he was a student was ___. ____________________ (14) In what year did Ronald Reagan receive an honorary degree from Eureka College? ____________________ (15) On what date did President Reagan deliver the famous START Speech at Eureka College? ____________________ (16) When Governor Reagan spoke at the dedication of ___ in 1967, a crowd of 5,000 people attended the event. ____________________ (17) Ronald Reagan won an award for his college acting for a role in the play ___. ____________________ (18) How many times (or terms) did Ronald Reagan serve on the Board of Trustees for Eureka College? ____________________ (19) What is the official name of the building on the Eureka College campus that is named for the Reagan brothers? HS:16 DBQ Analyzing Editorial Opinion The following editorial appeared in the November 19, 2001 edition of The Pantagraph (Bloomington, IL). Read the editorial and then answer the questions that follow it. Hastert Sets Bad Example Pushing Reagan Project U.S. Rep. Joel Hefley, R-Colo., deserves the "tell-it-like-it-is" award for his adept analysis of House Speaker Dennis Hastert's push to have a house in which Ronald Reagan once lived made part of the National Park Service system. "Make no mistake, this bill is before you in this form today only because the Speaker wants it," Hefley told his fellow lawmakers. Hefley attempted to have a very reasonable amendment tacked on to the "boyhood home" measure: Action should be delayed until completion of an Interior Department feasibility study. But it was shot down. Instead, by a voice vote, the House approved making the Dixon house - which happens to be in Republican Hastert's northern Illinois district - a national historic site. The house in Dixon is among a series of houses Reagan called home as a boy. He lived there only three years. It's unclear what the National Park Service's role will be in managing it. It's also not known how much the government will have to pay for the house, now owned and operated by the private Ronald Reagan Boyhood Home Foundation. The Congressional Budget office estimated acquisition costs at $400,000 without visiting the site. However, the chairman of the foundation has talked about $3 million to $5 million as an asking price. A picture of this house could be placed in a dictionary next to the definition of pork-barrel politics. There is still hope the Senate will see through this charade, not be concerned about offending the speaker of the House and reject this bill. But, in some ways, the damage has been done. How can Hastert persuade other congressmen to practice the fiscal frugality that taxpayers desire and deserve from their elected officials after bullying through such a project? "Do as I say, not as I do" is not a persuasive argument. It seldom works for parents, and never works for politicians. What is the editorial writers opinion on the measure that Congress is considering? What are the primary arguments that the editorial writer uses to support this opinion? Is there an alternative plan of action that is suggested by the editorial writer? After reading this editorial, write a readers response in the form of a letter to the editor in which you either support or challenge the ideas that are presented in this piece. HS:17 DBQ Music as Social Commentary Listen to the social commentary found in Tracy Chapmans song Subcity and then answer the questions that follow. SUBCITY by Tracy Chapman Crossroads (1989) People say it doesn't exist 'Cause no one would like to admit That there is a city underground Where people live everyday Off the waste and decay Off the discards of their fellow man Here in subcity life is hard We can't receive any government relief I'd like to please give Mr. President my honest regards For disregarding me They say there's too much crime in these city streets My sentiments exactly Government and big business hold the purse strings When I worked I worked in the factories I'm at the mercy of the world I guess I'm lucky to be alive They say we've fallen through the cracks They say the system works But we won't let it Help I guess they never stop to think We might not just want handouts But a way to make an honest living Living this ain't living What did I do to deserve this Had my trust in god Worked everyday of my life Thought I had some guarantees That's what I thought At least that's what I thought Last night I had another restless sleep Wondering what tomorrow might bring Last night I dreamed A cold blue light was shining down on me I screamed myself awake Thought I must be dying Thought I must be dying (1) What types of social concerns are either addressed directly or inferred by Chapmans lyrics of Subcity? (2) What particular aspects of 1980s domestic policy may have contributed in some fashion to the issues that are raised in these lyrics. (3) What is the most vivid mental image that is found in these haunting lyrics? (4) How accurate do you believe the connection to be between the issues presented in this song and the domestic policy agenda of the Reagan administration in the 1980s? HS:18 A Calling to Service During the 1980s various movements were organized in response to the pressing social problems of the era. Four of these movements are identified below. Band Aid & Live Aid [U.K.] USA for Africa Farm Aid Hands Across America Select one of these and research it to find out more about the 1980s. The report that you prepare should include the names of the major organizers or participants in the movement, the cause(s) for which the action was directed, a description of the fund-raising efforts that were taken, and an analysis of how effective the movement was in the long run. The report should also include your informed opinion as to why the movement either succeeded or failed to achieve its objective. HS:19 1980s Popular Culture _______________(1) John Hinkley, Jr., shot President Reagan in March 1981 because he wanted to impress ___, a young actress with whom he was infatuated. _______________(2) Michael J. Fox played the role of Alex P. Keaton in the comedy series ___ that was inspired by the conservative Reagan era. _______________(3) ___, the self-proclaimed material girl presented a radical alternative to the moral climate of the 1980s that was associated with the Reagan Era. _______________(4) In the 1980 Winter Olympics at Lake Placid, New York, the underdog U.S. ___ team defeated the Soviet Unions team and went on to win the gold medal. _______________(5) The line ___ from a televised hamburger commercial became so common an expression that it was used in the 1984 presidential debates. _______________(6) ___ thrilled the nation in the 1980s with the 1982 release of his album Thriller. _______________(7) The first video played on MTV in 1981 was ___. _______________(8) ___ helped to save the sitcom thru his role as Dr. Cliff Huxtable. _______________(9) MTV and the crime-drama merged when ___ appeared on television and made south Florida fashion quite fashionable. _______________(10) ___ was the NBC executive who saved the network and created the concept of Thursday evening programming as Must See TV. _______________(11) ___ was the Boston tavern where everybody knows your name. _______________(12) ___ was the first woman to be nominated as a candidate for Vice President by a major political party in the United States. _______________(13) Rev. Jerry Falwell established an organization called ___ to allow conservative Christians to take a greater role in American political life. _______________(14) ___ was the political candidate who dropped out of the 1988 Democratic Party primaries after he was photographed aboard the Monkey Business. _______________(15) ___ became the first disgraced televangelist of the 1980s despite the many tears that were shed by his wife Tammy Faye. HS:20 Cold War Presidents Project Harry Truman Dwight D. Eisenhower John F. Kennedy Lyndon B. Johnson Richard Nixon Gerald Ford Jimmy Carter Ronald Reagan George Bush Listed above are the Presidents of the United States during the Cold War. Have your students teach themselves and the class about how the leaders of our country handled the issues of the Cold War during each of their presidencies. Divide the class into as many groups as you want (9 maximum) and assign each a president to research. What were the Presidents views towards the Cold War? Was he very active in the Cold War? What world events affected his Cold War policies? How were our relations with the Soviets during each presidency? What did he do to try and end it, if anything? Have each group give a presentation of their findings to the rest of the class. Also, have them come up with five to eight trivia questions, with answers, for the class trivia game. Collect all trivia questions and a couple of days later have a trivia game, still with the teams. The group that answers the most questions correctly wins ten bonus points each. ANSWERS ES:1 Cities & Towns of the Reagan Trail (1) PEORIA (2) OHIO (3) MONMOUTH (4) BUREAU (5) WALNUT (6) DIXON (7) GALESBURG (8) PRINCETON (9) TAMPICO (10) WASHINGTON (11) EUREKA (12) HENRY ES:2 Ronald Reagan Acrostic  ES:3 Reading Exercise and Acrostic  ES:4 Words and Sentences (1) ACTOR (2) RADIO (3) FILMS (4) GUILD (5) FAMOUS (6) MOVIES (7) GOVERNOR (8) UNION (9) GIPPER (10) REAGAN ES:5 Lincoln, Grant & Reagan (1) Grant (2) Reagan (3) Lincoln (4) Reagan (5) Lincoln (6) Grant (7) Lincoln (8) Grant (9) Reagan (10) Reagan (11) Lincoln (12) Lincoln (13) Grant (14) Reagan (15) Grant ES:6 Find the Words  ES:9 Reagan Trail Math Exercise (1) 19.7 miles (2) 11.1 miles (3) 8.5 miles (4) 25.2 miles (5) 15.1 miles (6) 7.9 miles (7) 6.7 miles (8) 16.7 miles (9) 13.1 miles (10) 12.1 miles ES:12 Find Me!  ES:14 Putting the Phrase Together PEACE IS NOT THE ABSENCE OF CONFLICT, BUT THE ABILITY TO COPE WITH CONFLICT BY PEACEFUL MEANS. ES:16 Which Word Does Not Belong? CASTLE SMITH STOCK MARKET CHICAGO GALENA RADIO BOOKS VACATION OCEAN ES:19 Find the Spelling Errors CONGRESS TAMPICO TELEVISION PRIMARY TREASURY GOVERNOR COUNTRY JUSTICE COURAGE MS:1 Reading a Chart: Counties along the Reagan Trail (1) Tazewell, a 158% increase from 1920 (2) suburban; bedroom community of Peoria (3) Lee (38%) and Whiteside (65%), state growth rate was 55% (4) Putnam (5) rural, agricultural, low tax base, few manufacturing jobs (6) Peoria, 153.75 people per square mile (7) Putnam, 28.56 people per square mile MS:2 Illinois History Quiz (1) Vandalia (2) Galena (3) John Peter Altgeld (4) Centralia (5) Jeane Baptiste Pointe du Sable (6) Frances Willard (7) Ronald Reagan (8) Cairo (9) 1818 (10) Jacques Marquette & Louis Joliet (11) Hull House (12) Carl Sandburg (13) Black Hawk War (14) Stephen A. Douglas (15) Carol Moseley Braun (16) Princeton MS:3 Reagan Nicknames Dutch when Ronald Reagan was a baby he cried loudly. His father remarked, For such of a little bit of a fat Dutchman, he makes a hell of a lot of noise, doesnt he. From that point onward, family and friends called Ronald Reagan Dutch. The Gipper in 1940 Ronald Reagan played the character of football player George Gipp in the movie Knute Rockne - All American. In the movies most poignant scene, the dying Gipp tells his coach (played by Pat OBrien), Someday, when things are tough, maybe you can ask the boys to go in there and win just once for the Gipper. The nickname would stay with Ronald Reagan for the rest of his career and was used often to express his buoyant optimism. The Great Communicator because of his professional experience in radio, television, and movies, Ronald Reagan had a natural gift at using various forms of media quite adeptly. Just as Franklin Delano Roosevelt was able to master the radio through his fireside chats, President Reagan was able to use the medium of television effectively to communicate his message to the American people. The nickname was used primarily by those who admired President Reagan and supported his political agenda. The Teflon President this nickname was often used by President Reagans detractors. The image was that nothing would stick to Ronald Reagan that he was almost immune to any type of criticism. By comparison, the previous president, Jimmy Carter, had been dubbed The Velcro President because so many problems of the late 1970s had weakened his administration. MS:7 All in the Family (1) John Edward Jack Reagan (2) Nelle Clyde Wilson Reagan (3) Dutch (4) [John] Neil Reagan (5) Moon (6) Jane Wyman (7) Nancy Davis (8) Maureen Elizabeth Reagan (9) Michael Edward Reagan (10) Patricia Ann [Patti Davis] (11) Ronald Prescott [Ron Jr.] Reagan (12) Tampico (13) Dixon (14) Eureka College (15) Ireland MS:8 Now Where Was That Located? (1) B (2) C (3) A (4) D (5) C (6) D (7) D (8) C (9) C (10) B MS:9 Reading Charts Both elections are clear electoral landslides. In terms of popular vote, the 1980 results were much closer than the electoral margin with Ronald Reagan just winning 50.75% of the vote. The 1984 popular vote margin for Reagan was much more convincing. Results are mixed here. Obviously Mondale carried only his home state of Minnesota (and the District of Columbia) earning only 13 electoral votes to Ronald Reagans 525 electoral votes. In terms of voting percentage, Mondale earned a slightly larger percentage than did Jimmy Carter in 1980. In terms of raw popular votes, Mondale earned two million more votes than Jimmy Carter had done four years earlier. This certainly did take place during both the 1980 and 1984 elections, but it might be difficult for the students to recognize this phenomenon. They might address what happened to the votes that John Anderson drew as an Independent candidate (back in 1980) when the 1984 race was held. It seems that the bulk of these votes went toward Ronald Reagan even though the Anderson voters had consisted of both reform-minded Republican and Democratic voters. MS:10 Interpreting Election Results I Total Votes County 18,330 Bureau 15,324 Lee 6,588 Marshall 82,260 Peoria 3,352 Putnam 55,611 Tazewell 25,822 Whiteside 15,054 Woodford (1) Lee County (2) Peoria County (3) Peoria County MS:11 Interpreting Election Results II Total Votes County 18,666 Bureau 15,097 Lee 6,446 Marshall 82,437 Peoria 3,399 Putnam 56,877 Tazewell 27,969 Whiteside 15,183 Woodford (1) Lee County (2) Peoria County (3) Peoria County MS:12 Unscramble the Quotation GOVERNMENT EXISTS TO PROTECT US FROM EACH OTHER. WHERE GOVERNMENT HAS GONE BEYOND ITS LIMITS IS IN DECIDING TO PROTECT US FROM OURSELVES. MS:13 Facts about Illinois (1) Springfield (2) Dixon (3) Cardinal (4) Prairie State, Land of Lincoln (5) December 3, 1818 (6) Violet (7) 12,419,293 (8) Chicago Blackhawks (9) Wisconsin, Iowa, Missouri, Kentucky, Indiana (10) An Eagle (11) Coal mining, agriculture, oil (12) White Oak (13) 9,699,076 (14) 207,016 (15) 3.23 (16) 1,951,184 (17) 848,715 (18) State Sovereignty, National Union (19) Illinois (20) Lake Michigan MS:14 Story Problems (1) 83,820,086 voted nationwide; 40,552,597 voted for candidates other than Reagan (2) 538 total electoral votes; 90,359,280 total popular votes (3) 16 years (4) $2,000,000 (two million dollars) MS:15 Facts about Washington, D.C. (1) 8 (2) 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue NW (3) Yes (4) 572,059 (5) 3.07 (6) Christopher Columbus (7) Federal government and tourism (8) Justitia Omnibus (Justice to All) (9) American Beauty Rose (10) Virginia and Maryland (11) Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport (12) French engineer Pierre LEnfant (13) Potomac River (14) Lincoln, Washington, Jefferson, Roosevelt (15) John Adams (16) Washington Redskins (17) Washington Hilton (18) Wood Thrush (19) February 21, 1871 as a municipal corporation (20) The Smithsonian MS:17 Municipalities Along the Reagan Trail CommunityCountyStatusPopulationMayorBureauBureauVillage368Timothy ShippChillicothePeoriaCity5,996DixonLeeCity15,941Jim BurkeEast PeoriaTazewellCity22,638Charles DobbelaireEurekaWoodfordCity4,871Laura SiscoeHenryMarshallCity2,540Daryl FountainOhioBureauVillage540Charles L. ThomasPeoriaPeoriaCity112,936David P. RansburgPeoria HeightsPeoriaVillage6,636Earl CarterPrincetonBureauCity7,501Keith CainSparland-LaconMarshallVillage & City584 + 1,979Michael HiellTampicoWhitesideVillage772Larry SpechtWalnutBureauVillage1,461Don SteeleWashingtonTazewellCity10,841Gary Manier MS:20 Definitions Inauguration Day January 20 following a presidential election in which the President of the United States is elected. Electoral College a body of electors; one that elects the president and vice president Supreme Court the highest judicial tribunal in a political unit (as a nation or state). Congress the supreme legislative body of a nation; our Senate and House of Representatives Election Day a day legally established for the election of public officials; the first Tuesday after the first Monday in November in an even year designated for national elections. Executive Branch belonging to the branch of government that is charged with such posers as diplomatic representation, superintendence of the execution of the laws, and appointment of officials and that usually has some power over legislation. Legislative Branch the branch of government that is charged with such powers as making laws, levying and collecting taxes, and making financial appropriations. Judicial Branch the branch of government that is charged with trying all cases that involve the government and with the administration of justice within its jurisdiction. Oval Office the U.S. presidents office in the West Wing of the White House in Washington, D.C. (10) Pentagon the headquarters of the Department of Defense; located in Washington, D.C. HS:1 Ronald Reagan: Movie Star (1) Warner Brothers (2) Love is on the Air (3) Tugboat Annie Sails Again (4) Brother Rat (5) Bonzo (6) Gipper (7) Notre Dame (8) Drake McHugh (9) AWhere=s the Rest of Me?@ (10) Hellcats of the Navy (11) Santa Fe Trail (12) The Killers HS:2 Iran-Contra Affair (1) Nicaragua (2) Sandinistas (3) Iraq (4) Ayatollah Khomeini (5) Boland Amendment (6) Oliver North (7) Donald Regan (8) Robert McFarlane (9) John Poindexter (10) Judge Lawrence E. Walsh (11) Caspar W. Weinberger (12) George P. Shultz (13) Edwin Meese (14) William J. Casey (15) John Tower HS:3 President Reagans Cabinet Members (1) M (2) B (3) D (4) D (5) A (6) F (7) M (8) J (9) L (10) C (11) D (12) H (13) L (14) J (15) E (16) K (17) F (18) E (19) E/H (20) L (21) A (22) J (23) I (24) G (25) M (26) F (27) K (28) I (29) I (30) B (31) H (32) C HS:6 A Visit to Eureka College Burgoo - the pioneer settlers of Walnut Grove [later Eureka] brought this tradition with them from Kentucky. A burgoo is a stew that is made up of components that are contributed by community members. The cooking of the stew was a social event that brought the early community together. Recruiting Elm when the Civil War began in April 1861 Eureka College students and faculty gathered under this tree and gave speeches and sang patriotic songs. They eventually decided to form a company of soldiers (Company G of the 17th Illinois Infantry) who went off to war. A wooden bowl made from the Recruiting Elm sat on President Reagans desk in the Oval Office. Abolitionists - many of the early settlers who moved to Walnut Grove [later Eureka] were abolitionists who came from Kentucky, Ohio and Indiana. They were opposed to the institution of slavery. Womens History When Eureka College was established it was the first college in Illinois, and only the third in the nation, to admit women on an equal basis with men. Many of the early graduates of the college became leaders in the movement for womens rights in America. Berlin Wall a portion of the Berlin Wall stands today in the Reagan Peace Garden at Eureka College. In June 1987, President Reagan challenged the moral legitimacy of the wall when he stated Mr. Gorbachev, tear down this wall. HS:7 President Reagans Views on Peace PEACE IS NOT THE ABSENCE OF CONFLICT, BUT THE ABILITY TO COPE WITH CONFLICT BY PEACEFUL MEANS. Clues: FORTIETH; LOWELL; TAMPICO; BUSH; EUREKA; DUTCH; DIXON; POLAND; LIBYA. HS:9 The Reagan Peace Garden at Eureka College (1) circle for earth/globe; bell shape for liberty; mushroom cloud for atomic menace; patriotic plantings (2) answers will vary (3) symbolic of the divide between East and West for twenty-eight years (4) Western side has signature graffiti; Eastern side is stark grey (5) the speech led to a real reduction in nuclear arsenals of the U.S. and the Soviet Union HS:10 Tough Reagan Trivia Items (1) Ralph McKinzie (2) Richard S. Schweiker (3) Wilson (4) Iowa (5) 69 (6) Washington, D.C. (7) Galesburg (8) 1962 (9) Edmund G. Pat Brown (10) Jesse Unruh (11) Minnesota (12) John B. Anderson (13) Star Wars (14) Yuri Andropov (15) Konstantin Chernenko HS:11 1911 Trivia (1) William Howard Taft (2) forty-six (3) Philadelphia Athletics (AL) (4) no (5) Monday (6) Tobias M.C. Asser (Holland) & Alfred H. Fried (Austria) (7) London (1908) (8) (9) Charles S. Deneen (10) Tampico, Illinois (11) Ray Harroun (12) South Sea Tales (13) Irving Berlin (14) Standard Oil Company (15) Andrew Carnegie (16) Triangle Shirtwaist Company (17) fifteen (18) China (19) Amundsen (20) Meridian HS:12 1921 Trivia (1) Woodrow Wilson; Warren G. Harding (took office on March 4) (2) forty-eight (3) New York Giants (4) no (5) Sunday (6) Karl H. Branting (Sweden) & Christian L. Lange (Norway) (7) Antwerp, Belgium (8) (9) Len Small (10) Dixon, Illinois (11) Armistice Day (12) Jack Dempsey (13) Rudolph Valentino (14) William ABilly@ Mitchell (15) The Age of Innocence (16) nineteen (17) Massachusetts (18) Germany (19) Ottawa Senators (20) Behave Yourself HS:13 1928 Trivia (1) Calvin Coolidge (2) forty-eight (3) New York Yankees (4) yes (5) Monday (6) No one was awarded the Peace Prize in 1928. (7) Amsterdam, The Netherlands (8) (9) Len Small (10) Dixon, Illinois; in fall 1928 moved to Eureka, Illinois, to attend Eureka College (11) Kellogg-Briand Peace Pact (12) Mickey Mouse (13) The Bridge of San Luis Rey (14) AWings@ (15) Amelia Earhart (16) nineteen (17) penicillin (18) Richard E. Byrd (19) New York Rangers (20) Reigh Count HS:15 Reagan and Eureka College (1) 1932 (2) Tau Kappa Epsilon (3) Lidas Wood (4) swimming (5) a student strike (6) President of the Student Senate (7) 1992 (8) Dutch (9) Economics & Sociology (10) Margaret Mugs Cleaver (11) Maureen Reagan (12) [John] Neil Moon Reagan (13) Ralph McKinzie (14) 1957 (15) May 9, 1982 (16) Melick Library (17) Aria da Capo (18) three (19) Reagan Physical Education Center HS:19 1980s Popular Culture (1) Jodie Foster (2) Family Ties (3) Madonna (4) hockey (5) Wheres the beef? (6) Michael Jackson (7) Video Killed the Radio Star (8) Bill Cosby (9) Miami Vice (10) Brandon Tartikoff (11) Cheers (12) Geraldine Ferraro (13) Moral Majority (14) Gary Hart (15) Jim Bakker APPENDIX RONALD W. REAGAN CLASS OF 1932 PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 1981-1989 PEACE IS NOT THE ABSENCE OF CONFLICT, BUT THE ABILITY TO COPE WITH CONFLICT BY PEACEFUL MEANS. ON MAY 9, 1982, PRESIDENT REAGAN DELIVERED A MAJOR FOREIGN POLICY ADDRESS ON THE EUREKA COLLEGE CAMPUS ON THE FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY OF HIS GRADUATION. KNOWN AS THE EUREKA SPEECH, IT CHALLENGED THE SOVIET UNION TO A NEW ERA OF NEGOTIATIONS TO REDUCE NUCLEAR ARMS, AND WAS HERALDED AS THE BEGINNING OF THE END OF THE COLD WAR. - - - - - MY DUTY AS PRESIDENT IS TO ENSURE THAT THE ULTIMATE NIGHTMARE NEVER OCCURS, THAT THE PRAIRIES AND THE CITIES AND THE PEOPLE WHO INHABIT THEM REMAIN FREE AND UNTOUCHED BY NUCLEAR CONFLICT. - - - - - I BELIEVE THAT IT WILL BE POSSIBLE TO REDUCE THE RISKS OF WAR BY REMOVING THE INSTABILITIES THAT NOW EXIST AND BY DISMANTLING THE NUCLEAR MENACE. - - - - - I HOPE THE COMMENCEMENT TODAY WILL ALSO MARK THE COMMENCEMENT OF A NEW ERA . . . A NEW START TOWARD A MORE PEACEFUL AND SECURE WORLD. Let us build cathedrals of peace, where the people can be free. - - Ronald W. Reagan - - The Reagan Peace Garden was dedicated on May 9, 2000, the eighteenth anniversary of the May 9, 1982 foreign policy address in which President Reagan first proposed the START Initiative. The garden was made possible through the generous donation of David and Anne Vaughn of Peoria, Illinois, loyal friends and supporters of Eureka College. The Reagan Peace Garden affords visitors an opportunity for pause and reflection: The Garden itself is designed in the shape of a bell. In the history of the United States the bell has long symbolized the virtue of liberty that is a birthright of American citizenship. The Cold War created insecurity and omnipresent fear for many that threatened the blessings of liberty both here and abroad. Only by ending the Cold War and defeating the forces of tyranny could liberty ring throughout the land. The interior bluestone of the Garden is shaped as a circlesymbolic of the earth. The Cold War was not merely a rivalry between nations, but it was an ever-present conflict that threatened the peace and security of the entire world. The Garden celebrates the unity of peoples who are less threatened today by the specter of nuclear war. The entrance into the garden and the circular bluestone together offer a silent reminder of what is at stake in the quest for peace. The shape of the mushroom cloud is an image that haunted the mental landscape of many who lived through the Cold War era. Peace offers us true freedom. About the Reagan Monument: The bronze bust of President Reagan was created by Peoria, Illinois, artist Lonnie Stewart. Stewart tried to capture the optimism of President Reagan by reproducing the smile that was his most characteristic feature. The pedestal that supports the bust is made of Dakota Mahogany granite. The use of stone from Americas heartland characterizes both President Reagan and the 1982 address that he gave from the middle of America to the world. Many of Americas nuclear missile silos are encased in Dakota granite. Notice the word start that is found in the quotation on the eastern side of the pedestal. It was clear that President Reagan chose the ideal location and the perfect time for announcing the START Initiative to the world. About the Berlin Wall: The Federal Republic of Germany provided this 2200 lb. artifact for inclusion in the Reagan Peace Garden. The wall existed in Berlin from its construction in August 1961 to its fall on November 9, 1989. Notice the Torch of Liberty graffiti found on the upper right side of the wall. Freedom was a birthright of those who lived in the West, a silent longing for those who lived beyond the wall. Visitors are invited to view the Reagan Museum in the Donald B. Cerf College Center located immediately south of the Reagan Peace Garden site. REAGAN CHRONOLOGY February 6, 1911Ronald Wilson Reagan was born in Tampico, Illinois. His parents were John Edward Jack Reagan and Nelle Clyde Wilson Reagan. An older brother, [John] Neil Reagan had been born in July1908.January 1915The Reagan family moved to south-side Chicago where Jack Reagan had found a job in retail with Fair Store. The family resided in the Hyde Park neighborhood at 832 East 57th Street.August 1915The Reagan family moved to Galesburg, Illinois. The family would reside at 1219 North Kellogg Street for about three years.1917Ronald Reagan attended first grade at Silas Willard School in Galesburg, Illinois.1918The Reagan family moved to Monmouth, Illinois. The family would reside at 218 South Seventh Street.1918Ronald Reagan completed second and third grades during the same year at Central School in Monmouth, Illinois.Fall 1918The Reagan family returned to Tampico where they resided in an apartment located above the Pitney General Store where Jack Reagan worked. Ronald Reagan completed his fourth grade and a part of his fifth grade education in Tampico.December 6, 1920The Reagan family moved to Dixon, Illinois, and resided at 816 South Hennepin Avenue.January 1921Ronald Reagan attends the E.C. Smith School and later the South Side School [later renamed South Central] where he completed his middle school education (grades five through seven)..September 22, 1922Rev. David Franklin Seyster baptized Ronald Wilson Reagan at the First Christian Church, the Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) church in Dixon, Illinois, which Nelle Reagan regularly attended.1924Remaining in Dixon, the Reagan family moved into a home on the north side of town at 338 West Everett Street.1924Ronald Reagan begins to attend North Side High School in Dixon, Illinois. He will graduate from high school in June 1928.Summer 1926Ronald Reagan began to work a seasonal job as a lifeguard at Lowell Park in Dixon, Illinois, earning $200 per summer. He would hold this job for seven consecutive summers. During his time as a lifeguard, Reagan is reported to have saved seventy-seven individuals from drowning in the Rock River.June 1928Ronald Reagan graduates from high school. During his high school years he was actively involved in basketball, drama, football and track. He was elected president of the student body during his senior year.August 3, 1928Headline of The Dixon Daily Telegraph reads Ronald Reagan Saves Drowning Man.September 20, 1928Ronald Reagan enrolls as a freshman at Eureka College in Eureka, Illinois. His primary interest in attending Eureka College was that Margaret Mugs Cleaver, his high school sweetheart, had decided to attend college there. Ronald Reagan would become actively involved in football, track, swimming, drama, and student government during his college years.November 1928Ronald Reagan spoke publicly and became a leader in a student strike movement on the Eureka College campus. After successfully staging a five-day strike, the student demands were met and Bert Wilson, the president of the college, was forced to resign.October 29, 1929The Stock Market Crash signals the start of the Great Depression.1931Ronald Reagan won an award for his dramatic performance in Edna St. Vincent Millays play Aria da Capo. The judges of the theatre competition at Northwestern University suggest that Ronald Reagan consider a possible career in drama. June 7, 1932Ronald Reagan graduates from Eureka College earning a Batchelors Degree in Economics & Sociology.November 1932Ronald Reagan voted for the first time. He, along with his father, supported the candidacy of New York Governor Franklin Delano Roosevelt.December 1932After he was unable to find work in Chicago, Ronald Reagan takes a job as a temporary staff announcer at radio station WOC in Davenport, Iowa.April 1933Ronald Reagan moved to Des Moines, Iowa, when radio stations WOC and WHO merged. At the new and larger radio station, Reagan became the chief sports announcer. He was the voice of Big Ten football and Chicago Cubs baseball for many in the Midwest.February 27, 1935Ronald Reagan enlisted in the U.S. Army Reserve as a private.March 15, 1937As a sports announcer, Ronald Reagan attended spring training with the Chicago Cubs on Catalina Island in California. While he was in California he met with people from Warner Brothers and made a screen test. Shortly thereafter, Warner Brothers offered him a seven-year studio contract for making films.April 20, 1937Ronald Reagan signs a contract with Warner Brothers.April 27, 1937Ronald Reagan achieved the rank of 2nd Lieutenant in the Army Officers Reserve Corps of the Cavalry.June 7, 1937Ronald Reagan arrives in Hollywood, California, to begin working on his first film, Love is on the Air.January 26, 1940Ronald Reagan marries actress Jane Wyman. The two had met while filming the movie Brother Rat.September 1940Ronald Reagan plays the role of George Gipp in the film Knute Rockne All American. He earns the nickname The Gipper from this role.January 1941John Edward Jack Reagan, Ronald Reagans father, dies.January 4, 1941Birth of daughter Maureen Elizabeth Reagan.July 1941Ronald Reagan was appointed to the board of the Screen Actors Guild.December 7, 1941Pearl Harbor is attacked by the Japanese. This action prompts the U.S. to enter the Second World War.April 19, 1942Ronald Reagan is drafted into the army. Because of his poor eyesight, he is assigned to the 1st Motion Picture Army Unit in Culver City, California. His primary wartime role will be making training films for the army and propaganda films.1942Ronald Reagan plays the role of Drake McHugh in the movie Kings Row. Many would credit this as being the high point of his career in film. His film line, Wheres the rest of me? would later become the title of his autobiography.March 1945A son, Michael Edward Reagan, was adopted.August 21, 1945Ronald Reagan signs a million dollar contract with Warner Brothers.March 10, 1947Ronald Reagan was elected president of the Screen Actors Guild. He would serve five one-year terms in this position.June 26, 1947A second daughter was born, but died the following day.October 25, 1947As president of the Screen Actors Guild, Ronald Reagan testified before the House Un-American Activities Committee.June 6, 1948Ronald Reagan and Jane Wyman divorced.September 23, 1948Ronald Reagan introduced President Harry Truman at a campaign rally in Los Angeles.Fall 1950Ronald Reagan campaigned in behalf of California Democrat Helen Gahagan Douglas when she faced Richard Nixon in the race for a U.S. Senate seat.December 7, 1950Ronald Reagan made his network television debut appearing in Nash Airflyte Theatre.1951Ronald Reagan appears in the Universal Pictures film Bedtime for Bonzo.March 4, 1952Ronald Reagan married actress Nancy Davis.June 1952Ronald Reagan delivered the commencement address America the Beautiful at William Woods College.October 22, 1952Daughter Patricia Ann (Patti) was born.Fall 1952Ronald Reagan began to organize a movement of Democrats for Eisenhower during the 1952 presidential campaign. He would do the same thing in 1956 when Eisenhower sought a second term.May 2, 1953Ronald Reagan was named the honorary mayor of Malibu Lake, California.September 26, 1954Ronald Reagan made his first appearance on GE Theatre. He eventually became the host of the television series and the spokesman for General Electric. In this capacity he traveled the country and gave many speeches.1956Unable to land major roles in films, and facing the financial burdens of a growing family, Ronald Reagan finds work as an emcee in Las Vegas, Nevada.1957Ronald Reagan and Nancy Davis Reagan both appear in the movie Hellcats of the Navy, the only film in which they ever appeared together.June 7, 1957Ronald Reagan speaks at commencement exercises at Eureka College on the twenty-fifth anniversary of his graduation from the College. He receives an honorary degree from the College on this occasion.May 28, 1958Son Ronald Prescott (Ron Jr.) was born.1959While serving in his last term as the president of the Screen Actors Guild (SAG), Ronald Reagan successfully negotiates for increased benefits and better working conditions for actors.Fall 1960Ronald Reagan delivered more than 200 speeches in behalf of Richard Nixons presidential campaign.March 1962General Electric decides to discontinue GE Theatre because of low ratings.1962After noting a decade-long change in his political ideology, Ronald Reagan officially changed his political affiliation from the Democratic Party to the Republican Party.1962Nelle Clyde Wilson Reagan, Ronald Reagans mother, died.1964Ronald Reagan appears in the film The Killers. It will be his final movie. 1964Ronald Reagan became the host of Death Valley Days. He appeared on twenty-one episodes broadcast from 1965-1966.October 27, 1964Ronald Reagan delivers the speech A Time for Choosing in behalf of the presidential campaign of Arizona Senator Barry Goldwater.1965Ronald Reagan published his autobiography, Wheres the Rest of Me?January 4, 1966Ronald Reagan announces that he will be a Republican candidate in the campaign for governor of California.November 8, 1966Ronald Reagan defeats incumbent governor Edmund G. Pat Brown by a margin of one million votes.May 2, 1968A Draft Reagan movement begins within the Republican Party as supporters try to encourage the California Governor to seek the Republican Partys presidential nomination in 1968.August 5, 1968At the Republican Partys Nominating Convention in Miami, Florida, Ronald Reagan announces that he is a candidate for the partys nomination. May 15, 1969In response to student unrest, Governor Reagan sent the California National Guard onto the University of California Campus in Berkeley.November 1970Ronald Reagan is elected to a second term as governor of California. He defeats Jesse Unruh, the Speaker of the State Assembly.1971Governor Reagan signs the California Welfare Reform Act which was designed to reduce the numbers of welfare recipients.Fall 1974Reagan friends Michael Deaver and Peter Hannaford establish a consulting and public relations firm that will promote Ronald Reagan. Opportunities to deliver speeches, write newspaper columns, and deliver radio commentaries begin to take shape.Fall 1974Governor Reagan declines offers to accept a position in the Ford Administration. He had been offered the posts of Ambassador to the Court of St. James, Secretary of Transportation, and Secretary of Commerce.November 20, 1975Ronald Reagan begins his campaign for the Republican Partys presidential nomination. He challenges incumbent president Gerald Ford for the party nomination.March 1976The National Republican Conference of Mayors asks that Reagan consider withdrawing from the presidential primaries in order to increase the likelihood that President Ford can win the 1976 contest.August 19, 1976After failing to win the presidential nomination, Ronald Reagan addresses the Republican Party National Convention in Kansas City.November 1976In a very close election, Democrat Jimmy Carter defeats incumbent president Gerald Ford.November 13, 1979Ronald Reagan announces his candidacy for the Republican Partys presidential nomination. He is one in a crowded field of ten candidates who are seeking the nomination.February 26, 1980Ronald Reagan wins the New Hampshire primary.July 17, 1980Ronald Reagan accepts the Republican Party nomination for President at the nominating convention in Detroit.October 28, 1980President Jimmy Carter and Ronald Reagan take part in a nationally televised debate broadcast from Cleveland, Ohio. The following day polls indicate that viewers judged Reagan to win the debate.November 4, 1980Ronald Reagan is elected President of the U.S. when he defeats incumbent president Jimmy Carter.January 20, 1981Ronald Reagan is sworn in as the fortieth president of the United States.January 20, 1981The Iranian hostage crisis ends as Iran releases the 52 Americans that it had held for 444 days after Iranian students took control of the U.S. Embassy in Tehran.February 20, 1981In his first State of the Union Message, President Reagan calls for cuts of $41 billion from the budget that President Carter had proposed. He further calls for a reduction in income tax rates over the next three years and requests an additional five billion dollars in defense spending.March 30, 1981Ronald Reagan is shot by John Hincikley, Jr., in an assassination attempt outside the Washington Hilton.April 12, 1981NASA successfully launches the first mission of the space shuttle Columbia. The reusable craft returned to earth on April 14 after a three day mission.April 21, 1981The U.S. announces a significant sale of arms to Saudi Arabia. The Saudis will purchase one billion dollars worth of U.S. military equipment including five AWACS electronic surveillance aircraft. The Israeli government protests the agreement.April 24, 1981The U.S. lifts the fifteen-month embargo on grain sales to the Soviet Union that had been put in place after the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan.July 29, 1981Congress passes President Reagans tax plan.September 1981President Reagan appoints Sandra Day OConner as the first female justice to serve on the U.S. Supreme Court.March 10, 1982The U.S. imposed economic sanctions on Libya because of that countrys alleged involvement in support of international terrorist organizations.May 9, 1982President Reagan delivers a major foreign policy address at Eureka College. The President proposed the START Initiative which outlined a new approach to nuclear arms control that he believed the U.S. and the U.S.S.R. should follow.June 30, 1982The Equal Rights Amendment dies when it fails to win ratification by three-fourths of the states.August 20, 1982About 800 U.S. Marines arrive in Beirut, Lebanon. They are there to oversee the withdrawal of PLO fighters from the city.November 22, 1982President Reagan calls upon Congress to support construction of the MX missile system at an estimated cost of $26 billion.April 18, 1983A car bomb explosion destroys the U.S. Embassy in Beirut. Sixty-three people are killed, including seventeen Americans.October 23, 1983241 American military personnel are killed when a truck bomb explodes at the U.S. Marine Headquarters in Beirut, Lebanon.October 25, 1983U.S. forces launch an invasion of the Caribbean island nation of Grenada. They restore order and remove a pro-Cuban Marxist government that had come to power in a bloody coup.November 11, 1983The first U.S. cruise missiles begin to arrive in Europe. 572 of these will eventually be deployed in NATO countries.November 23, 1983The Soviet Union withdrew from arms limitation talks in response to the deployment of U.S. cruise missiles in Europe.December 1983Time magazine selects U.S President Ronald Reagan and Soviet Leader Yuri Andropov as its Men of the Year.January 29, 1984Ronald Reagan officially declared his candidacy for reelection as President of the United States.June 6, 1984President Reagan takes part in ceremonies at Normandy recognizing the fortieth anniversary of the D-Day Invasion.November 4, 1984Ronald Reagan wins reelection by defeating Walter Mondale.January 20, 1985Ronald Reagan is sworn in to office for a second term as president.July 13, 1985President Reagan undergoes surgery on his large intestine to remove cancerous tissue.November 1985President Reagan meets with Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev at a summit meeting in Geneva.September 9, 1985The U.S. imposes sanctions on South Africa to protest that nations policy of apartheid.December 11, 1985Congress passes the Gramm-Rudman bill which is designed to eliminate the federal deficit by 1991.January 15, 1986President Reagan signs legislation making Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.s birthday a national holiday.January 17, 1986President Reagan underwent surgery to remove polyps from his colon.January 28, 1986The space shuttle Challenger exploded seventy-four seconds after liftoff from Cape Canaveral, Florida, killing the seven astronauts aboard. Included among those killed was Christa McAuliffe, a New Hampshire schoolteacher, who had been selected to be the first teacher in space.March 20, 1986The House of Representatives defeated a controversial measure that would have provided $100 million in aid to the contra rebels who were fighting in Nicaragua.April 14, 1986The U.S. conducted an air strike against Libya for its involvement in supporting international terrorist activities.November 3, 1986A Lebanese magazine revealed the first details of what would eventually become known as the Iran-Contra Affair.February 26, 1987The Tower Commission released its report on the Iran-Contra Affair. The report was critical of President Reagans failure to understand or control the covert attempt to funnel profits from Middle Eastern arms sales to aid the contra rebels in Nicaragua.June 2, 1987President Reagan appointed economist Alan Greenspan as the new chairman of the Federal Reserve Board.June 12, 1987Speaking in Berlin, President Reagan said Mr. Gorbachev, tear down this wall.October 11, 1987Reagan and Gorbachev meet for a summit conference in Reykjavik, Iceland, but the meeting turns out to be a failure.October 19, 1987The worst stock crash in the history of the New York Stock Exchange took place as the Dow Jones average fell by 508 points to close at 1738.74 a loss of 22.6% of its valuation. This was twice as large as the 1929 stock crash that triggered the Great Depression.October 23, 1987The Senate rejected the nomination of Robert H. Bork to serve on the U.S. Supreme Court.1987President Reagan underwent prostate surgery.December 8, 1987Gorbachev arrives in the United States to attend the Washington Summit. Reagan and Gorbachev sign the ICBM Treaty.April 14, 1988The Soviet Union began to remove its forces from Afghanistan.May 29, 1988President Reagan travels to Moscow to attend a summit meeting with Gorbachev.January 20, 1989Ronald Reagan leaves office as former Reagan Vice President, George Bush, is inaugurated as the nations forty-first president.November 9, 1989The Berlin Wall is opened. This signals the end of the Cold War.January 8, 1990Ronald Reagan was awarded the Theodore Roosevelt Award by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA).July 31, 1991Leaders of the U.S. and Russia sign the START I TreatyNovember 4, 1991The Reagan Library and Museum is dedicated in Simi Valley, California.May 9, 1992President Reagan delivered the commencement address to the graduates of Eureka College. It was the sixtieth anniversary of his graduation from the College.January 3, 1993Leaders of the U.S. and Russia sign the START II Treaty.January 13, 1993President George Bush awards Ronald Reagan the Presidential Medal of Freedom.November 5, 1994Former president Reagan writes a letter to the American people in which he discloses that he was suffering from Alzheimers Disease.December 11, 1996Death of [John] Neil Moon Reagan, the older brother of Ronald Reagan.September 30, 1999Release of Edmund Morris controversial biography Dutch: A Memoir of Ronald W. Reagan.May 9, 2000The Reagan Peace Garden was dedicated at Eureka College.August 25, 2000Ceremonies held in central Illinois to dedicate the Reagan Trail.January 13, 2001Ronald Reagan undergoes hip surgery after sustaining an injury in a fall at home.August 8, 2001Maureen Elizabeth Reagan, the eldest child of President Ronald Reagan, dies after battling complications of skin cancer. Ronald Reagan Bibliography A Collection of Books and Documents '80 Presidential Debates: As Sponsored by the League of Women Voters, Education Fund. Washington, DC: League of Women Voters, Education Fund, 1980. 100 Questions: What Americans Want to Ask Their Next President. Washington, DC: The Center, 1984. 500 Days: ADA Assesses the Reagan Administration. Washington, DC: Americans for Democratic Action, 1982. The 1980 Campaign Promises of Ronald Reagan: Update '84. Washington, DC (400 N. Capitol St., N.W., Suite 319, Washington 20001): Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee, 1984. The 1984 Campaign Promises of Ronald Reagan. Washington, DC: Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee, 1985. ABC News Reagan Speech Poll, March 1987. Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-University Consortium for Political and Social Research, 1988. ABC News Reagan Speech Poll, December 1987. Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-University Consortium for Political and Social Research, 1988. ABC News Reagan Press Conference Poll, January 1986. Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-University Consortium for Political and Social Research, 1988. ABC News Reagan Press Conference Poll, March 1987. Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-University Consortium for Political and Social Research, 1988. Abrams, Herbert L. The President Has Been Shot: Confusion, Disability, and the 25th Amendment in the Aftermath of the Attempted Assassination of Ronald Reagan. New York: W.W. Norton, 1992. Adelstein, Eric D. Reagan and the New Possibilities of Presidential Power. 1987. Adler, Bill; Huffaker, Sandy. Kid's Letters to President Reagan. New York: M. Evans, 1982. Alexandre, Laurien. Selling the State: Public Diplomacy, Government Media and Ronald Reagan. 1988. Allen, Yvonne. The War on Drugs in the U.S. and Latin America and the Rise and Fall of Manuel Noriega. Austin, TX: University of Texas Press, 1997. Al-Sohaibani, Abdolrahman Saleh. President Reagan's Role as Chief Legislator: Explaining Variations in Congressional Support for Presidential Legislation, 1981-1988. 1991. America, Our Treasure and Our Trust: The Legacy of President Ronald Reagan, 1981-1988. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of the Interior, 1988. American Legends: Our Nation's Most Fascinating Heroes, Icons and Leaders, Selected from the Time 100. New York: Time Inc. Home Entertainment, 2001. Anderson, De'Andre M. The Use of Political Rhetoric in Electoral Politics: A Study of Ronald Reagan and Dr. Alan Keyes. Virginia Beach, VA: Regent University, 1999 1997. Anderson, Janice. Ronald Reagan. Optimum Books, 1982. Anderson, Martin. The Ten Causes of the Reagan Boom, 1982-1997. Stanford, CA: Hoover Institution on War, Revolution and Peace, Stanford University, 1997. Anderson, Martin. Revolution: The Reagan Legacy. Stanford, CA: Hoover Institution Press, Stanford University, 1990. Andrew, Christopher M. For the President's Eyes Only: Secret Intelligence and the American Presidency from Washington to Bush. New York: HarperPerennial, 1996 1995. Appelbaum, Henry. Studies in Intelligence: A Collection of Articles on the Historical, Operational, Doctrinal, and Theoretical Aspects of Intelligence. Washington, DC: Center for the Study of Intelligence, 1999. Arak-Zeman, Jill L. An Analysis of the Similarities and Differences of United States Human Rights Policies under the Carter and Reagan Administrations: The Cases of Guatemala and Chile. 1991. Archer, J. Clark; Taylor, Peter J. Section and Party: A Political Geography of American Presidential Elections, from Andrew Jackson to Ronald Reagan. Chichester; New York: Research Studies Press, 1981. Arenson, David; Werden, Marilyn. Rambo Reagan: Over 1,400 Mind-Bending Trivia Questions about the '80s. Chicago, IL: Contemporary Books, 1996. Arneson, D. J. There He Goes Again!: What He Said Was-- What He Meant Was--. Carlstadt, NJ: Andor, 1984. Arneson, Patricia Ann. Political Perspectives on Revolution: A Mythic Analysis of the Public Discourse of Presidents Ronald Reagan and Daniel Ortega. 1987. Aruri, Naseer Hasan; Moughrabi, Fouad; Stork, Joe. Reagan and the Middle East. Belmont, MA: Association of Arab-American University Graduates, 1983. Audit of Reagan Presidential Transition Expenditures (GGD-81-50). Washington, DC: Comptroller General of the United States, 1981. Auth, Tony. Lost in Space: The Reagan Years. Kansas City, MO: Andrews and McMeel, 1988. Autry, Billy Edward. De Tocqueville and Reagan: Similarities in Power. 1983. Baird, John William. A Time for Choosing by Ronald Reagan: A Rhetorical Analysis. 1967. Baker, Gregory Edward. The Effect of Reagan Administration Policies on the Broadcast Regulatory Process. 1989. Baker, Howard H.; Thompson, Kenneth W. Leadership in the Reagan Presidency. Part II, Eleven Intimate Perspectives. Lanham, MD: University Press of America,1993. Balz, Daniel J. Ronald Reagan: A Trusty Script. Washington, DC Capitol Hill News Service, 1976. Banker, Stephen R. He Who Gaffes Last: A Rhetorical Analysis of the Gaffes of Reagan and Carter in the 1980 General Election Campaign. 1987 1984. Barilleaux, Ryan J. The Post-Modern Presidency: The Office after Ronald Reagan. New York: Praeger, 1988. Barnekov, Timothy K.; Rich, Daniel. The Reagan Legacy and the Politics of Urban Disinvestment. Glasgow: University of Strathclyde, Centre for Planning, 1988. Barrett, Laurence I. Gambling with History: Ronald Reagan in the White House. Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1983. Bauer, Alfred W.; Reagan, Ronald. Dear Mr. President: An Open Letter to Ronald Reagan about War and Peace and Our Chances for Survival in a World Gone Nuclear-Mad. Kirkland, WA: A.W. Bauer. Baumann, Lawra J. Institutional Immortality: The Reality of Cabinet Level Abolition Attempts: Ronald Reagan and the Departments of Energy and Education. 1995. Be It Resolved--: Oppose Candidacy of Reagan. United Republicans of California. San Gabriel, CA: UROC, 1975. Behm, Gary F. The Reagan Administration's Impact on the Judicial System of the United States. 1989. Behrens, June. Ronald Reagan, An All-American. Chicago: Childrens Press, 1981. Bell, Coral. The Reagan Paradox: American Foreign Policy in the 1980s. Aldershot [England]: E. Elgar, 1989. Benenson, Robert. Federalism under Reagan. Washington, DC: Congressional Quarterly, Inc, 1988. Bennington, Tobi L. The White House Counsel: A Study of Its Creation and Development, from Franklin D. Roosevelt through Ronald Reagan. 2001. Berman, Larry. Looking Back on the Reagan Presidency. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1990. Beshenich, George Michael. From Carter to Reagan: Formulation of American Policy During a Time of Transition: An Explanation of Foreign Policy Decisions Based on the Initial Presidential Transition Period. Carlisle Barracks, PA: U.S. Army War College, 1999. Bickel, Beverly; Brenner, Philip; LeoGrande, William M. Challenging the Reagan Doctrine: A Summation of the April 25th Mobilization. Washington, DC: Foreign Policy Education Fund, 1987. Biggart, Nicole Woolsey. The Magic Circle: A Study of Personal Staffs in the Administrations of Governors Ronald Reagan and Jerry Brown. 1981. Biggart, Nicole Woolsey; Hamilton, Gary G. The Policy Effects of Management Style: A Comparison of Governors Ronald Reagan and Jerry Brown. 1983. Blanton, Thomas S. White House E-Mail: The Top Secret Computer Messages the Reagan/Bush White House Tried to Destroy. New York: New Press, 1995. Blassingame, Wyatt. The Look-it-up Book of Presidents. New York: Random House, 1988 1984. Blumenthal, Sidney. Our Long National Daydream: A Political Pageant of the Reagan Era. New York: HarperCollins, 1990. Blumenthal, Sidney; Edsall, Thomas Byrne. The Reagan Legacy. New York: Pantheon Books, 1988. Boaz, David. Assessing the Reagan Years. Washington, DC: Cato Institute, 1988. 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