ࡱ> bda'` L^bjbj$$ 4bFF/ DD L) ((((((($a*h,)Q ) e)"""   (" ("":',J( {- ' ({)0)'Rs-!s-J(s-J( " ))" ) << Nutrition Lesson 1 1. Nutrients substances in food that promote normal growth, maintenance, and repair in your body 2. Nutrition is the study of how our bodies use the food we eat to keep us healthy 3. Portion size how much food you should eat 4. Moderation eating a little of many different types of food for a balanced diet 5. Digestion the process of breaking down food into a form that your body can use for energy 6. Obesity weighing more than 20% above your recommended weight range What is nutrition? A. Nutrients substances in food that promote normal growth, maintenance, and repair in your body 1. The food you eat does affect your overall health B. Nutrition is the study of how our bodies use the food we eat to keep us healthy 1. Affects the way your body carries out normal body functions, affects growth and the way the body heals and repairs itself 2. Quality of food processed vs. whole, natural food C. Portion size how much food you should eat 1. Underweight eating too little food can lead to low energy, weight loss, poor growth, and death. 2. Overweight eating too much food can cause excessive body fat 3. Obesity weighing more than 20% above your recommended weight range A. Obesity can increase your risk of many diseases and disorders, like cardiovascular diseases D. Moderation eating a little of many different types of food for a balanced diet E. Digestion the process of breaking down food into a form that your body can use for energy 1. Food is fuel 2. Food is broken down in the stomach and nutrients are absorbed into the blood stream in your small intestine. The nutrients are then taken to the cells of your body for energy. Review Questions 1. Define nutrient. 2. What is moderation? 3. Why is it important to control your portion size? Lesson 2 1. Carbohydrates their function is to give you energy to be active and aids in the elimination of waste 2. Protein their function is to help heal the body and build body tissue, helps to build strong muscles 3. amino acids amino acids are the building blocks that your body uses to form new proteins, which are used to build and repair your tissues 4. Fats energy containing nutrients that provide stored energy, protect nerves, and help your body produce hormones 5. Saturated Fat fats that are solid at room temperature and found in animal products 6. Unsaturated Fat fats that are liquid at room temperature and found in plant products 7. Cholesterol used by the body to build cells, hormones, and protect nerve endings, found in animal products 8. Vitamins nutrients needed for normal growth and maintenance of body tissues, help body function properly by using energy provided by other nutrients 9. Minerals growth and maintenance of the body, found in the earths crust 6 Classes of Essential Nutrients 1. Carbohydrates their function is to give you energy to be active and aids in the elimination of waste A. simple carbohydrates can be 1 or 2 sugars joined together, such as table sugar, honey, and fruits B. complex carbohydrates consist of 3 or more sugars joined together 1. Starches complex carbohydrates found in rice, bread, and vegetables broken down into simple carbohydrates 2. Fiber complex carbohydrate found in whole-grain foods, such as brown rice and whole-wheat bread, fruits and vegetables, beans a. Helps eliminate waste and keep your digestive system healthy C. A large amount of good carbohydrates are needed in our diets 2. Protein their function is to help heal the body and build body tissue, helps to build strong muscles A. Proteins are made up of smaller parts called amino acids B. Your body breaks down the protein you eat into amino acids. Amino acids are building blocks that your body used to form new proteins. C. Those proteins are used to build and repair your tissues. D. A medium amount of protein is needed in our diets E. Sources milk, fish, meat, beans, nuts, tofu, cheese, eggs 3. Fats function they are energy containing nutrients that provide stored energy, protect nerves, and help your body produce hormones. A. Saturated Fat 1. solid at room temperature 2. found in animal products cheese, butter, meats 3. too much saturated fat can contribute to heart disease B. Unsaturated Fat 1. liquid at room temperature 2. found in plant products avocados, olives, nuts 3. can reduce risk of heart disease C. Fats help provide vitamins to our body by carrying and storing fat soluble vitamins D. A small amount of fat is needed in our diets E. Omega 3 Fatty Acids 1. Healthy form of fat 2. Found in fish salmon, tuna, or swordfish 3. Good for your cardiovascular/circulatory system F. Cholesterol used by the body to build cells, hormones, and protect nerve endings 1. produced in the liver and circulates in the blood 2. found in animal products 3. HDL (high density lipoprotein) good form of cholesterol, can help lower LDL levels 4. LDL (low density lipoprotein) bad form of cholesterol, build up can increase risk of heart attack or stroke 5. exercise helps prevent LDL build up 6. Ideally you want your cholesterol to be below 200 4. Vitamins function nutrients needed for normal growth and maintenance of body tissues, help body function properly by using energy provided by other nutrients A. Vitamin A healthy eyes and skin carrots, sweet potatoes B. Vitamin C helps your body fight germs OJ, broccoli C. Vitamin B-12 aids in concentration, memory, and balance fish, milk/milk products, eggs, meat D. Vitamin D strong bones and teeth cheese, milk, yogurt, sardines E. A small amount of vitamins are needed in our diets F. 2 main types of vitamins 1. fat soluble (A, D, K, E) stored and used later 2. water soluble (B, C) excreted through urine 5. Minerals function growth and maintenance of the body, found in the earths crust A. Calcium strong bones and teeth (works with Vitamin D) cheese, milk, yogurt B. Iron necessary for healthy blood; prevents tiredness spinach, blackeyed peas, red meat C. Sodium regulate blood pressure and controls the balance of fluids in the body, used in processed food for flavor or preservatives, too much can result in high blood pressure salt D. Potassium regulate blood pressure bananas E. A small amount of minerals are needed in our diets 6. Water essential for life! Function help you digest your food and get rid of waste, helps your body transport the nutrients you get from other foods, helps your body keep a steady temperature (sweat) A. More than of your body is made of water B. Lose water when you perspire, go to the bathroom, and through respiration C. Drink at least your body weight in ounces D. Dehydration not having enough water/body fluids can cause your body to not function properly E. A person can only live 3-5 days without water F. Sources water, milk, fruit, veggies, soups Review Questions 1. What are the 6 essential nutrients? 2. What is cholesterol? 3. Why is water important? Lesson 3 1. whole grains contain the entire grain kernel  the bran, germ, and endosperm 2. refined grains  grains that are processed to remove the bran and germ, finer texture and has a longer shelf life, removes fiber, iron, and many B vitamins, often enriched 3. Nutrition Facts label - a label found on the outside package of food and states the number of serving in the container, the number of Calories in each serving, and the quantity of nutrient in each serving 4. Calories a measure of heat energy, the amount of energy in food 5. Metabolism how fast the body burns calories 6. % Daily Value on the nutrition facts label, is there to tell you if the food is a good source of a nutrient 7. Dietary Guidelines for Americans a set of tips that help you practice good nutrition and form a healthy lifestyle Eating for Life 1. ChooseMyPlate.gov A. 5 different food groups 1. Grain a. Whole Grains - of your grains should be whole grains, whole grains contain the entire grain kernel  the bran, germ, and endosperm b. Refined Grains  grains that are processed to remove the bran and germ, finer texture and has a longer shelf life, removes fiber, iron, and many B vitamins, often enriched (B vitamins added back after processing) c. oats, white pasta, whole wheat pasta, white bread, whole wheat bread, cornmeal, white flour, white rice, brown rice, couscous, bulgar, barley, tortillas, pretzels, crackers d. 6 oz equivalents each day 1 oz = 1 slice of bread, 1 oz cereal, or c cooked rice, pasta, or cereal 2. Vegetables eat the rainbow with veggies a. aim for a variety every day from all the subgroups 1. dark green broccoli, spinach, kale, lettuce 2. red and orange peppers, pumpkin, sweet potatoes, butternut squash, tomatoes 3. starch peas, corn, potatoes 4. beans black beans, kidney beans, chickpeas 5. other veggies zucchini, green peppers, cabbage, cauliflower, mushrooms, celery, cucumbers, eggplant, avocado b. fresh or frozen is best! c. 2 cups each day 1 cup is 1 cup of raw or cooked vegetables, 2 cups leafy salad greens, or 1 cup 100% juice (stay away from juice cocktail) 3. Fruit eat the rainbow with fruit fresh or frozen is best! a. apples, oranges, bananas, pineapple, cherries, grapes, grapefruit, kiwi, peaches, berries, melons, 100% fruit juice (stay away from juice cocktails) b. 2 cups each day 1 cup is 1 cup raw or cooked fruit, cup dried fruit, or 1 cup 100% juice 4. Milk/Dairy look for fat-free and low-fat dairy options a. low fat milk, yogurt, cheese b. some dairy has added sugar, be aware!! EX chocolate milk c. 3 cups each day 1 cup is 1 cup milk, yogurt, 1 oz natural cheese (size of 2 dominos) 5. Meat/Beans eat a variety of lean meat a. meats beef, ham, pork, lamb, venison b. poultry chicken, duck, goose, turkey c. eggs d. beans also see veggies e. seafood finfish (salmon, tuna, white fish), shellfish - scallops, shrimp, crab, lobster f. nuts and seeds almonds, pecans, pistachios, sunflower seeds, pumpkin seeds (pepitas) g. 5 oz each day 1 oz is 1 oz lean meat, poultry, seafood, 1 egg, 1 Tbsp peanut butter, cup cooked beans or peas or oz nuts or seeds 6. Physical activity a. Be physically active for at least 60 minutes each day!!! 2. Nutrition Facts Label A. Nutrition Facts label - a label found on the outside package of food and states the number of serving in the container, the number of Calories in each serving, and the quantity of nutrient in each serving B. Calories a measure of heat energy, the amount of energy in food 1. eat more calories than what you burn = gain weight 2. eat less calories than what you burn = lose weight 3. 1 pound = 3,500 calories 4. Metabolism how fast the body burns calories a. the amount of calories used by the body depends on the amount of work the body does 5. 100 excess calories per day = 10 pounds of fat per year 6. 500 fewer calories per day = 1 pound of less fat per week 7. Excess calories are stored as fat 8. Calorie need depends on these factors a. age b. gender c. activity level d. body type e. size 9. Calorie needs increase during the teenage years because of growth spurts 10. A gain or loss of weight depends on the balance of energy C. Daily Value 1. Look at the % Daily Value of the nutrition facts to tell whether the food is a good source of a nutrient 2. This section show what percentage of your daily need for each nutrient is met by the food 3. If the percentage for a given nutrient is 5% or less, the food is low in that nutrient   !"uy  s t B M 껰yڰhnAQhP6>*CJaJhnAQhj>*CJaJh"h"CJaJhnAQh">*CJaJhjCJaJh"hjCJaJh"CJaJhnAQhOg>*CJaJh"hP6CJaJhP6CJaJhOgCJaJh"hOgCJaJh.h.CJ(aJ(/ vN m t ? 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Use this information to help you make healthy food choices. 3. Guidelines for Good Nutrition A. The Dietary Guidelines for Americans are a set of tips that help you practice good nutrition and form a healthy lifestyle B. Aim to be physically active each day C. Choose healthy foods by eating plenty of low-fat dairy products, whole grains, fresh fruits, and vegetables D. store food properly Review Questions 1. What is a calorie? 2. What is a metabolism? 3. 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