ࡱ> ~}_ #bjbj;`;` 8>Y 7\Y 7\#####.#.#.#8f#,#D.###(###F%F%F%$#%F%F%%%####Hƒ5+5+5+%####5+%5+5+huo#`ƻ]'jk<s؃0kx$'$xuouo $#sF%Z%5+h% t%SF%F%F%)F%F%F%%%%%$F%F%F%F%F%F%F%F%F%> !: Weekly Overview Week Two Overview In Week Two, we will build on the ethical theories and principles discussed in Week One and focus on identifying values and principles organizations adopt to promote ethics. The organizational philosophy and culture are the foundation for ethical decision making. These are often set forth in the organizational mission, vision, values and ethical code. The organization may be the hospital or clinic where you work or other professional organization. Corporate statements in mission statements, codes, and policies and procedures set standards for an organization. These standards apply to ethics as they do to financial accountability or human resources issues you have studied. They also will apply to management decision making, social responsibility, and long-term care that you will focus on in future courses. By learning about organizational ethics and culture, we may better understand why organizations respond to specific administrative and biomedical ethical issues; we will discuss these in coming weeks. This understanding will enable you to be proactive in promoting organizational ethics in a variety of situations. Examples include the management of regulations related to discrimination (e.g., race and age), health and safety (e.g., Clinical Laboratory Improvements Amendments [CLIA], Occupational Safety & Health Administration [OSHA]), employee compensation (e.g., Family and Medical Leave Act [FMLA] and Fair Labor Standards Act [FLSA]), and consumer protection (e.g., Emergency Medical Treatment & Labor Act [EMTALA] and the Truth in Lending Act [Regulation Z]). To help establish ethical principles in the professional organization, codes are established that set forth values and principles to guide professionals in their professional activities. As an organizational leader, you may promote ethical activity by encouraging health care employees to know and apply the principles contained in these codes, which govern their practice. What you will cover Application of Ethics Within Individual Organizations Examine ethical principles used in health care organizations. Application of ethics in individual organizations Importance of organizational philosophies and mission statements: Many elements in the mission statement directly relate to the moral values and principles identified by the organizations managers. There are many elements included in a vision statement. An organizations goals Aspirational and inspirational Sketches of what an organization wants to become Sets a direction for the organization and broadly states its role and activities The starting point for an organization to solve ethical problems is its philosophy. The application of ethics includes identified and shared values. The values stand for something. People can shape and fine-tune values. Values are known and shared by all. Organizational philosophy Identifies values and principles reflecting the organizations moral right and wrong Must be sufficiently precise, so it is measurable Must be consistent with law Provides a context for the mission statement Analyze the role and importance of ethical values within an organization. Organizational culture Define an organizations culture and analyze its similarities and differences. Compare an organizations culture with Medicare and Medicaid. Understanding rules and regulations Patient confidentiality Private versus public organizations Health maintenance organizations operation of fixed prepayment plans Managed care organizations practice, including financial incentives Mission statements Applied portions of the vision statement Operationalizing the means by which the vision is accomplished Must be consistent with an organizations philosophy Elements of culture Shared values and beliefs about success in the environment Heroes who epitomize those values and beliefs Rituals that prescribe how all critical activities are carried out Ceremonies that celebrate the cultures successes Stories and storytellers that keep the cultures mythology alive Code of ethics Blend various moral philosophies and ethical theories. The principles of respect for people, beneficence, nonmaleficence, and justice are found in all codes. Ethics assume greater meaning when the code is enforced. Decision-making process The process may be influenced by elements in the institution. For example, certain subcultures may exist, with their own norms and agendas. Professionalism in the work place Behave in an ethical manner Avoid discrimination Do not violate patients privacy Ensure effective hiring practices Analyze organizational philosophy, culture, and medical regulations in ethical decision making. Corporate statements in mission statements, codes and policies and procedures set standards for an organization. These standards apply to an organizations ethical behavior. Organizational values and principles promote ethical behavior and decision making. This behavior is expressed by the organizations culture. Organizational ethics promote regulatory decision making related to discrimination, health and safety, employee compensation, and consumer protection. Ethics effects equal employment opportunity and employment discrimination. Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 Equal Employment Opportunity Act (EEOA) of 1972 Pregnancy Discrimination Act of 1978 Civil Rights Act of 1991 Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967 Rehabilitation Act of 1973 Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) of 1990 A number of regulations have an effect on employee health and safety. Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) of 1970 Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA) of 1988 Health Maintenance Organization (HMO) Act of 1973 Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (COBRA) of 1985 Drug-Free Workplace Act of 1988 Several regulations have an effect on employee compensation and benefits. Drug-Free Workplace Act of 1988 Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) of 1938 Equal Pay Act of 1963 Unemployment compensation Federal Insurance Contribution Act (FICA) of 1935 Workers Compensation Act Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA) of 1974 Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA) of 1994 Several regulations have an effect on Consumer protection. Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act (EMTALA) Equal Credit Opportunity Act of 1975 Truth in Lending Act (Regulation Z) of 1969 Fair Debt Collection Practices Act of 1978 DISCUSSION PROMPTS Why is it important to understand organizational philosophies and mission statements? How might a manager deal with elements of an organizations culture that are, or are perceived as, inconsistent? Does a professional code determine what is ethically correct for those who are not members, or only for members?     Weekly Overview: Week Two HCS/335 Version 2 PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT 3 Copyright 2015 by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved. Title ABC/123 Version X PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT 1 Copyright XXXX by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved. $%&)*./36;ruvz{}% & , 3 e z \ ] # $ . 3 W hChF^Jh}h}^JhCh}^J hF^J h}^Jh)U h~hlhS(mH sH h h)UhlmH sH hFmH sH h1_mH sH hf:hoXhCJhoXhf:CJh6CJ$aJ,mH sH 3%& Y Z [\]. & Fgdx- & Fgdx3gdKugdKugd~gd6gd}gd|gd~#gd]gdF* H$&dPgdQ(XW X Z  " # B E  8 : > ? A n r s $%+,1KWXZ[\238;<CDhChF^Jh4h}^J h ^J hxk^Jhxk hY^J hP^JhCh}^J h}^J hF^JG[\W~./ 34SY  DTYZdetu:H¾¾¾¾¾¾¾¾¾¾¾¾¾¾¾¾¾¾¾¾¾¾¾¾¾¾¾¾¾¾¹hPHhx\ hx\hx hPHhx h hxhKu56CJhS^6hKumH sH hS^6h#xh)UCJmH sH hKuh#xmH sH F]WH$Hb2| D\ . & Fgdx1 & Fgdx0 & Fgdx/ & Fgdx G 8{5zqD. & Fgdx0 & Fgdx/ & Fgdx'ToO*Jr& R !C!/ & Fgdx0 & Fgdx5? !()*R [ f y C!O!V!W!!!!""""""""""""""""""""º hz?5 hh)UhFh#xhh)Uh*jh*UhP56CJhPHhxB*ph hx56hPHhx56hx hPHhx hx\hPHhx\#P#Q#h#i#j#k#l#o#z#######ľľľľ때hP56CJh*h)UmHnHu hh)Uhh)UmH sH hxCJmH sH  h)UCJhEVh)UCJ h%h)Ujh)UUmHnHuhxmHnHuh)Ujh)UUhxh)U5 """"6#7#8#>#P#l#}qq} $$Ifa$gdK4 $IfgdK4*$a$gdgd]ikd$$IflF$)|p t6    44 layt(| l#m#n#o#####3gd*$a$gdLS3(gkd$$IflF$)|F t6    44 laytK46&P1h:p/ =!"#$% }$$If!vh#v[#v#vF:V l t65|55p/ / yt(|x$$If!vh#v[#v#v:V l t65|55F/ / ytK49s0@2 0@P`p2( 0@P`p 0@P`p 0@P`p 0@P`p 0@P`p 0@P`p0PV~ 0@ 0@ 0@ 0@ 0@ 0@ 0@ 0@ 0@ 0@ 0@ 0@ 0@ 0@_HmH nH sH tH H`H WNormal1$OJQJ^J_HmH sH tH 2@Q2 ~ Heading 1@&J@J ~ Heading 2@&5CJ^JmHsHtH:!: ~ Heading 3@&6CJDA D Default Paragraph FontRi@R 0 Table Normal4 l4a (k ( 0No List J/J ~Heading 1 Char56CJOJQJ^JH/H ~Heading 2 Char5CJOJQJ^JHH H Balloon TextCJOJQJ^JaJB' !B rComment ReferenceCJaJ424 r Comment Text6U A6 r Hyperlink >*B*phFV QF rFollowedHyperlink >*B* phHj12H LEComment Subject5OJQJ\>r> T CDG Bullet FhFF Xk APA Citation ^h` B*phROR ^[Assignments Level 1^JmHsHtHT/T ^[Assignments Level 1 Char OJQJ^J~~ _i Table Grid7:V0CJOJQJ_H aJJJ ^[Assignments Level 2  F^hT/T ^[Assignments Level 2 Char OJQJ^JJJ ^[Assignments Level 3  &^T/T ^[Assignments Level 3 Char OJQJ^JJJ !^[Assignments Level 4 &^8T/T ^[Assignments Level 4 Char OJQJ^JH "H^0Revision"OJQJ_HaJmH sH tH D>@D $]Title#a$56CJ^JmHsHtHB/AB #] Title Char56CJOJQJ^JTORT &3 Heading 0 %P56CJ^JmHsHtHJ/aJ %3Heading 0 Char56CJOJQJ^Js EV0UPX Material Table:V'04V4 s>V> sasj 'fa$OJQJD@D )EV0Header (H$^JmHsHtH:/: (EV0 Header Char OJQJ^JD @D +EVFooter *H$^JmHsHtH:/: *EV Footer Char OJQJ^Jo KuUPhx Numbering Heading!, hh@&^h`5CJOJQJ_HmH sH tH \O\ KuUPhx Numbered List 1- h<<5CJVOV KuUPhx Numbered List 2. h^VOV KuUPhx Numbered List 3/ h88^8VOV KuUPhx Numbered List 40 h^ZOZ KuUPhx Numbered List 51 hp^Z"Z KuUPhx Numbered List 62 hp p^p^O2^ KuUPhx Heading 33$1$@&56B*CJ^JphhBh KuUPhx Heading 2$4$,x&d1$@&P 56;^J<< TOC 55$ 1$^ a$^J\ob\ }UPhx Body Text 1 6<<OJQJ_HmH sH tH ZrZ  Q List Paragraph71$^m$CJOJQJ^JaJR; R x List Number 38$ & F #1$a$^JPK![Content_Types].xmlN0EH-J@%ǎǢ|ș$زULTB l,3;rØJB+$G]7O٭VvnB`2ǃ,!"E3p#9GQd; H xuv 0F[,F᚜K sO'3w #vfSVbsؠyX p5veuw 1z@ l,i!b I jZ2|9L$Z15xl.(zm${d:\@'23œln$^-@^i?D&|#td!6lġB"&63yy@t!HjpU*yeXry3~{s:FXI O5Y[Y!}S˪.7bd|n]671. tn/w/+[t6}PsںsL. J;̊iN $AI)t2 Lmx:(}\-i*xQCJuWl'QyI@ھ m2DBAR4 w¢naQ`ԲɁ W=0#xBdT/.3-F>bYL%׭˓KK 6HhfPQ=h)GBms]_Ԡ'CZѨys v@c])h7Jهic?FS.NP$ e&\Ӏ+I "'%QÕ@c![paAV.9Hd<ӮHVX*%A{Yr Aբ pxSL9":3U5U NC(p%u@;[d`4)]t#9M4W=P5*f̰lk<_X-C wT%Ժ}B% Y,] A̠&oʰŨ; \lc`|,bUvPK! ѐ'theme/theme/_rels/themeManager.xml.relsM 0wooӺ&݈Э5 6?$Q ,.aic21h:qm@RN;d`o7gK(M&$R(.1r'JЊT8V"AȻHu}|$b{P8g/]QAsم(#L[PK-![Content_Types].xmlPK-!֧6 0_rels/.relsPK-!kytheme/theme/themeManager.xmlPK-!R%theme/theme/theme1.xmlPK-! ѐ' theme/theme/_rels/themeManager.xml.relsPK] > ``W "#] C!""l##AY[!!T # @H 0(  0(  B S  ?8 9*urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttagsplace &-.:]yz%&-.34AgWtv,CDWPk5o$$)*./6;uvz{}}%&..zz.3WXZZ BEZ<CDD8P$$)*./6;uvz{}}%&..zz.3WXZZ BEZ<CDDPk~I86(WJ B5 `3 S xlT|p45Z%jZ:#o.+/D]m13Tig2o@8z!9NS;5 7@2Tr[Z aRqWb$_`whl)pjxgHzkޮdPltr{#s,Kbw2^:tW~flb`*а 88^8`.h ^`hH.h ^`hH.h pL^p`LhH.h @ ^@ `hH.h ^`hH.h L^`LhH.h ^`hH.h ^`hH.h PL^P`LhH. hh^h`OJQJo(88^8`OJQJ^Jo(o ^`OJQJo(   ^ `OJQJo(  ^ `OJQJ^Jo(o xx^x`OJQJo( HH^H`OJQJo(^`OJQJ^Jo(o ^`OJQJo(h ^`hH.h ^`hH.h pL^p`LhH.h @ ^@ `hH.h ^`hH.h L^`LhH.h ^`hH.h ^`hH.h PL^P`LhH. ^`OJQJo(^`OJQJ^Jo(o ^`OJQJo( U ^U `OJQJo(%^%`OJQJ^Jo(o ^`OJQJo( ^`OJQJo(^`OJQJ^Jo(o e^e`OJQJo( ^`OJQJo(^`OJQJ^Jo(o p^p`OJQJo( @ ^@ `OJQJo(^`OJQJ^Jo(o ^`OJQJo( ^`OJQJo(^`OJQJ^Jo(o P^P`OJQJo(h 8^8`hH.h ^`hH.h  L^ `LhH.h  ^ `hH.h x^x`hH.h HL^H`LhH.h ^`hH.h ^`hH.h L^`LhH.h ^`o(hH. ^`OJQJo(  pp^p`OJQJo(  @ @ ^@ `OJQJo(  ^`OJQJo(  ^`OJQJo(  ^`OJQJo(  ^`OJQJo(  PP^P`OJQJo( h^h`5o(h^h`5o(.0^`05o(..0^`05o(... 8^8`5o( .... 8^8`5o( ..... `^``5o( ...... `^``5o(....... ^`5o(........h ^`hH.h ^`hH.h pL^p`LhH.h @ ^@ `hH.h ^`hH.h L^`LhH.h ^`hH.h ^`hH.h PL^P`LhH. hh^h`OJQJo(88^8`OJQJ^Jo(o ^`OJQJo(   ^ `OJQJo(  ^ `OJQJ^Jo(o xx^x`OJQJo( HH^H`OJQJo(^`OJQJ^Jo(o ^`OJQJo(h ^`hH.h ^`hH.h pL^p`LhH.h @ ^@ `hH.h ^`hH.h L^`LhH.h ^`hH.h ^`hH.h PL^P`LhH. ^`hH. ^`hH.h @ @ ^@ `hH. @ @ ^@ `hH. ^`hH. L^`LhH. ^`hH. ^`hH. PLP^P`LhH. ^`OJQJo(  ^`OJQJo(  pp^p`OJQJo(  @ @ ^@ `OJQJo(  ^`OJQJo(  ^`OJQJo(  ^`OJQJo(  ^`OJQJo(  PP^P`OJQJo( h^h`o(hh^h`o(.^`6o(.88^8`6o()h^`56hH)p^`o(()p ^p`o(()@ @ ^@ `o(.  ^ `o(.^`CJOJQJaJo(``^``OJQJ^Jo(o 00^0`OJQJo( ^`OJQJo(^`OJQJ^Jo(o ^`OJQJo( pp^p`OJQJo(@ @ ^@ `OJQJ^Jo(o ^`OJQJo(h ^`hH.h ^`hH.h pL^p`LhH.h @ ^@ `hH.h ^`hH.h L^`LhH.h ^`hH.h ^`hH.h PL^P`LhH.h 8^8`hH.h ^`hH.h  L^ `LhH.h  ^ `hH.h x^x`hH.h HL^H`LhH.h ^`hH.h ^`hH.h L^`LhH. hh^h`OJQJo(88^8`OJQJ^Jo(o ^`OJQJo(   ^ `OJQJo(  ^ `OJQJ^Jo(o xx^x`OJQJo( HH^H`OJQJo(^`OJQJ^Jo(o ^`OJQJo(hh^h`OJQJo(hHh8^8`OJQJ^Jo(hHoh^`OJQJo(hHh ^ `OJQJo(hHh ^ `OJQJ^Jo(hHohx^x`OJQJo(hHhH^H`OJQJo(hHh^`OJQJ^Jo(hHoh^`OJQJo(hHh hh^h`o(hH. 88^8`OJQJo(  ^`OJQJo(    ^ `OJQJo(    ^ `OJQJo(  xx^x`OJQJo(  HH^H`OJQJo(  ^`OJQJo(  ^`OJQJo( h ^`hH.h ^`hH.h pL^p`LhH.h @ ^@ `hH.h ^`hH.h L^`LhH.h ^`hH.h ^`hH.h PL^P`LhH.h^h`o(hh^h`o(.^`o(.88^8`o()^`o()p^`o(()p ^p`o(()@ @ ^@ `o(.  ^ `o(.h ^`hH.h ^`hH.h pL^p`LhH.h @ ^@ `hH.h ^`hH.h L^`LhH.h ^`hH.h ^`hH.h PL^P`LhH. hh^h`OJQJo(^`OJQJ^Jo(o pp^p`OJQJo( @ @ ^@ `OJQJo(^`OJQJ^Jo(o ^`OJQJo( ^`OJQJo(^`OJQJ^Jo(o PP^P`OJQJo(88^8`OJPJQJ^Jo( ^`OJQJo(o   ^ `OJQJo(   ^ `OJQJo( xx^x`OJQJo(o HH^H`OJQJo( ^`OJQJo( ^`OJQJo(o ^`OJQJo( ^`OJQJo(^`OJQJ^Jo(o p^p`OJQJo( @ ^@ `OJQJo(^`OJQJ^Jo(o ^`OJQJo( ^`OJQJo(^`OJQJ^Jo(o P^P`OJQJo(Kbw7@Plb`#o.WJ ]m1qWbtW~3 S xl`wh`wh {#s adݬTdݕ)pjzk!9Z%dr[Z+/5ig26~S;8S; TRPNTeU Vt p                                                       ܗ8: J_}QJ$aܬh&`,ĭ                                    -x&ܗ8: J_}QJ$aܬh&`,ĭhm@&uojGCQk,j9>D0H&uoj&kJ.Sj4GKQk,j3L_pBLQk,j5O.SjUP}MDR}.S'/TV&uojn V#^&uo#xL^ e_pze?4m&uojm&uoj&uo_p?tn Vj`}Qk,j ~}%Qk,jj@kH.ZlaPcNd# jv5ERcj +Wf (K4t[p  3?WZzd pqp513Ma[ $.).#] 8 A V H8 p> Lh t { 3  w xl x 9   "   OS i 5 Z)1cI}KRtp,578`]=x)8g:BFPw 2NDSX`\oy* **}Sc!ll tT+*N~".VKbj#x~!#8=EaNWna-z?$CJOS?v~}#JQN|1P3*9Qa8FLmaWL/OuRnqx{{"3%PmTdq"  8 < T l Z(!"Y5"`J"bV"Z"s"(#$J,$D$E_$h$%%Wa%& &]4&a&Vf&K'K'('7(e(j)g')2<*xB*"D*c*sx*+`+,{,.,d,-g/-?4-B-U-!`-He-2.H.~?.W._.Nl.'/"/^5/556*6S^6`%7D7@G7'm7s7-#8;28X89}4:6:>:f:E0;82; /<S<o<!=I=M=Nd=1>}\>9h>x>~>@?YH?BV?%|?@@1@4@?@W@/2A`|AAfB2B7rBCA#CdQC`C!DY_DFdDqEEc$E1ELE_EFFFJ@FQ~FG7QG&yG~G|bHQnHI IJCJcHJLJU[JzJ5K;KiKtKuKL:7L MMM8MSEM.wM[cNy0OAOEOHOf^OcOyP!QRE0R1R 4RYDRLRPRVnR S~SS4SCSZSd]SFtSTjTITTU)U]6UEUFUVEV^QV[kVnVrVN&W05WeWhWwWQ(XY%:YzY{Zu!Z (ZFZMZ2[*E[V[B\o \\,#\a\]!];9]rW] n]p]dC^1_M_$_1._6_L_`_X0`6`9`Z`s`q{`Ma`axaSbz`b0c:c=cm>cd'deeeLeye%f_ofOgQg_g!hChii6wijj!j!jjzjKku,k)6kzk|klhmSnUnVnooy"og'oEo7jop4\p`q(qJqkrr7rz[rzarjr*s2s`sns*psHrs*tJtatKuYuVcuB}uvvKzvTw}wEuxvx-yymyfry.Iz^z-{R/{4{E{||(|;|a|sc|e|A8}c}~2~8~m|~wM!'):sc~w.xkW/XJ&8x<kxC & h'S3hB!gHL^_k"8;A^[ BCm`)P2w37L=X",O QS!3Mu[tzoCZEu*,93E"g-[DJx~%3zwRY&tue{P}5/[vh8Weeux2I>| oXRke JP$8GYdpM]`ux*<HcNs)=?H:jnz>GVq~ tw[\gI+m0 <2>^e!-<P[e\EkVVej Rrv5;cd q+"^#u6\5XkQnut|?a%sv<EEp~Cll.l!t2 1RI"Q^_i=S|E^LQk ;^GIami#85+7]w)p-*<CQhT`l&g}Bdj z9AD|gqlCzY67yTcm|*1TWi$mon2l3$.(#F/2c/99A7e2k^lCd/T::UCGtNK4=]wd~!02f Tfj@s2VX Zc<Tn.3%y),,@C+?NI\L{e9)6M*3 7IqW>H:;_sHO>\%[ex17k\)rS6B#*yBZ^+_cc2st U.Z"*) S(^/yE s!1my +Vpz>#ou#,CK L+E9;CLi^eQs!D-Z]o{_Hbj/+Zn2H#KR$QRSnFibo^%,/M9|[,9 A2pKr][yK %CUI^Fdlt~oMhOHpt}2"88>wx N/, c ~20>227YjF7eo@@UnknownG*Ax Times New Roman5Symbol3. *Cx Arial5. .[`)Tahoma7.@Calibri?= *Cx Courier New;WingdingsA$BCambria Math"1 h4g;5ʵ3  0 0dr0 OqHX ' ?aY32!xx  Read Me FirstPriscila HinkleMichelle Kowalskix                      Oh+'0  < H T `lt|Read Me FirstPriscila Hinkle Normal.dotmMichelle Kowalski9Microsoft Office Word@캃@lj/e@0@Ƹ՜.+,D՜.+,H hp  Apollo Group, Inc.0  Read Me First Title$,@LXp|     (Llx ContentTypeSubject Keywords_Author _Category CategoriesApproval Level _Comments Assigned To URL ContentTypeId <display_urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office#ReportOwnerStakeholder PageDocument Category Page SectionDocument Order ReportOwner DocumentPriscila Hinkle,0x010100B97780F1D2982847814907BC8B379BC7 Shane Meyer ;#Natural Science - Health;#Final Material Templates;#Course Materials;# !"#$%&')*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefghijklnopqrstvwxyz{|Root Entry FP@Data  1Table(WordDocument8>SummaryInformation(mDocumentSummaryInformation8uMsoDataStore ้`ƻ4XJF0BC5TA==2้BItem  PropertiesMLJUR34DWUE==2 ้$Item  8&Properties GWRSDME0NOH1A==2้p)Item PropertiesSNLYYEMETYSOQ==2 ้`UItem #Properties'O2SH4I21WKG5==2้`ƻItem -Properties1UCompObj7r  !"$%&()*+,./0234568 This value indicates the number of saves or revisions. The application is responsible for updating this value after each revision. LSchema"/> DocumentLibraryFormDocumentLibraryFormDocumentLibraryForm   F Microsoft Word 97-2003 Document MSWordDocWord.Document.89q