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How were the two groups of children different in the creativity experiment? ______________________________________________________________________________________ 3. Tell one way that Domino’s used statistics. ___________________________________________________ 4. What are the three steps in using statistics? a. ________________________________, b. ________________________________, c. ________________________________. 5. Based on the study shown, when does lightning usually begin? __________________________________ 6. When did Sarah’s growth rate start to fall below that which was considered to be normal? ______________ 7. What relationship did researchers find between the number of manatees and the number of boat registrations? _________________________________________________________________________ 8. Is there a relationship between number of home runs and salaries? ______ If so, what is it? ______________________________________________________________________________________ 9. What is a placebo? ____________________________________________________________________ 10. Of the studies shown, which used a placebo? ________________________________________________ 11. Why was the study of potato chips being done? _______________________________________________ 12. What three things were done to ensure accurate results in the large survey shown? a. ________________________________________________________ b. ________________________________________________________ c. ________________________________________________________ 13. As a result of the space shuttle Challenger explosion, what statistical tool was instrumental in overhauling the entire program? ________________________________ 14. Is running a casino a profitable business? Why? _____________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ 15. List four other studies shown in this video. a. _________________________________ b. _________________________________ c. _________________________________ d. _________________________________ 16. What was the outcome of the creativity experiment? ____________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ Were the children who were rewarded with a prize for creativity more or less creative in the study shown? _____________ The conclusion was that competition _______________________creativity. AP STATISTICS: Against All Odds Name ____________________________ Video 2 Worksheet PICTURING DISTRIBUTIONS 1. What is the overall pattern in a set of observations called? _______________________________________ 2. What type of picture did Raul Lopez use to plot the lightning data? _________________________________ 3. When do most lightning storms begin? ______________________________________________________ 4. When is the maximum number of lightning flashes? ___________________________________________ 5. What are observations the stand apart from the overall pattern of the distribution called? _______________ 6. When looking for the big picture in a distribution, what should you look for first? ______________________ 7. What term is used to describe a distribution whose two sides are mirror images of each other? _________ 8. What is the second important aspect of a histogram? __________________________________________ 9. What is the third important aspect of a histogram? ____________________________________________ 10. What term is used to describe a distribution where one side is more spread out than the other? _________ 11. If a distribution trails off to the right, what phrase is used to describe the distribution? _________________ 12. What determines which way we say a distribution is skewed? ____________________________________ 13. When constructing a histogram, what is the most important rule? _________________________________ 14. Fill in the blank: When constructing histograms, classes that are too large are too small _______________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ 15. What is the term used to describe how spread out the observations are? ____________________________ 16. What is an advantage of a stemplot over a histogram? __________________________________________ 17. How are back-to-back stemplots used? ______________________________________________________ AP STATISTICS: Against All Odds Name ____________________________ Video 3 Worksheet PICTURING DISTRIBUTIONS 1. What shape does the "Weekly Earnings" distribution have? ______________________________________ 2. Discuss the findings of the Colorado Springs study of "Comparable Worth." ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ 3. Which measures of location, the mean or median, is more resistant to the influence of extreme observations? _____________ 4. What numbers make up the five-number summary of a distribution? ______________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ 5. What study is used to illustrate the use of five-number summaries and boxplots to compare distributions? Describe the results of this study. ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ 6. What is the distance between the first and third quartiles called? __________________________________ 7. In a normal distribution, what one number can give the most information about the spread of the data? _________________________ 8. Which study in the video illustrates the use of standard deviation to measure the spread about the mean as center? Describe the results of this study. ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ AP STATISTICS: Against All Odds Name ____________________________ Video 4 Worksheet NORMAL DISTRIBUTIONS 1. What type of curves are used to illustrate the U.S. (population in 1930 and 2075)? ___________________ 2. What is the area under each of these curves? ________________ 3. What point divides a density curve into two equal areas? _____________________ 4. What measure is the point at which the curve would balance? _____________________ 5. In which direction is the mean pulled in a skewed distribution? __________________________________ 6. If the mean of a normal curved is changed, what happens to the curve? ___________________________ 7. If the standard deviation of normal curve is changed, what happens to the curve? _____________________ 8. What example in the video illustrates standard deviation changing over time? ________________________ 9. Using the standard (z) curves, who has the highest batting average of all time? _______________________ AP STATISTICS: Against All Odds Name ____________________________ Video 5 Worksheet NORMAL CALCULATIONS 1. What is the area under a density curve? _______________ 2. What is the mean of a standard normal distribution? ________________ 3. What example is used to illustrate industry’s use of normal calculations? __________________________ 4. What example is used to illustrate the medical community’s use of z-scores? ________________________ 5. What are some of the uses of the army anthropological study of the typical soldier? _________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ 6. What z-score has a 95% of the population below it? ______________ 7. What type of plot indicates if a distribution is normal? ______________ 8. If data are normal, what pattern does the plot named in #7 have? ______________________________ AP STATISTICS: Against All Odds Name ____________________________ Video 6 Worksheet TIME SERIES 1. When we measure something at regular intervals over time we end up with a ________________________. 2. If a time series is stable we say that it is _____________________________________________________. 3. What is a smaller pattern that repeats through a time series called? _______________________________ 4. What is the length of time each cycle takes? ______________________________________ 5. What refers to anything that varies with a yearly cycle? _________________________________________ 6. What is the most important example of this variation with a yearly cycle? ___________________________ 7. What is the overall tendency to increase or decrease in a time series? _____________________________ 8. What is a method for smoothing time series data illustrated with the Boston Marathon data? ______________________________________________________________________________________ 9. What two important issues must be examined when dealing with time series? _______________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ AP STATISTICS: Against All Odds Name ____________________________ Video 7 Worksheet MODELS FOR GROWTH 1. What type of growth adds a fixed amount in regular intervals? ____________________________________ 2. What type of growth multiplies by a fixed amount in regular intervals? ______________________________ 3. What example in the video illustrates linear growth? ____________________________________________ 4. What are the vertical distances from the data points to the line? __________________________________ 5. If a point falls exactly on the linear model, what is its residual? ___________________________________ 6. What is a prediction based on extending a model beyond the data? _______________________________ 7. What kind of growth does a linear model work well for? _________________________________________ 8. What example in the video illustrates exponential growth exceed the linear growth? ___________________ 9. In the chessboard example, on what square does the exponential growth exceed the linear growth? ______ 10. What transformation is used to transform exponential data? _____________________________________ AP STATISTICS: Against All Odds Name ____________________________ Video 8 Worksheet DESCRIBING RELATIONSHIPS 1. What is a plot of quantitative variables? _____________________________________________________ 2. What is the x-variable called in studies? ______________________ the y-variable? _________________ 3. What is a variable that records into which of several categories a case falls? ________________________ 4. How do categorical variables enrich a scatterplot? _____________________________________________ 5. What type of smoothing is found by slicing the scatterplot vertically, calculating the median within each slice, and connecting these medians by a straight line? _____________________________________________ 6. What example in the video illustrates the use of a median trace? _________________________________ 7. What is the best fitting line that fits data by minimizing the sum of the squares of the residuals? ________________________________________________ 8. What example is used to illustrate the use of the least squares regression line? ______________________ 9. In the equation y = a + bx, what is the formula for b? _____________________________ What is b in the equation? ___________________ What is the formula for a? _________________ What does y represent? ________________________ x? ______________________________ What is a in the equation? _______________________ 10. Even though you can fit a regression line to any set of data, when is the line valid? _____________________________________________________________________________________ 11. What are points with unusually large residuals? _________________________________ 12. What are points that deviate strongly in the x-direction? __________________________________ AP STATISTICS: Against All Odds Name ____________________________ Video 9 Worksheet CORRELATION 1. What is the measure of the strength and direction of the linear relationship between quantitative variables? ____________________________________ 2. What values does r vary between? ___________________________________ 3. What indicates a perfect positive correlation? __________ a perfect negative correlation? ___________ 4. What study in the video illustrates the use of correlation? ________________________________________ Which characteristics showed a strong correlation? _____________________________________________ Which characteristics showed a moderately strong correlation? ___________________________________ x  0đ y  y 5. In the formula for r, what do and do? ____________________________________________ sx sy Why does the formula divide by n  1? ______________________________________________________ When is r positive? ______________________________________________________________________ When is r negative? _____________________________________________________________________ 6. What kind of relationships does r measure? ________________________________________ 7. What describes the amount of variation in y described by the linear relationship with x? ________________ 8. What example in the video uses the squared correlation coefficient? _______________________________ AP STATISTICS: Against All Odds Name ____________________________ Video 10 Worksheet MULTIDIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS 1. List several of the variables studied by Versar statisticians in their study of the Chesapeake Bay. _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ 2. What had to be removed in order to determine the significance of the bottom dissolved oxygen trend? ______________________________________________________________________________________ What was the conclusion of this study? ______________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ 3. What is a good yardstick for comparing sample abundances of clams and three different stations? ______________________________________________________________________________________ What has the ten year study of nuclear power plants, abundances of clams and the total well being of the Bay revealed? _________________________________________________________________________ 4. What did emerge as a problem for Bay life? ___________________________________________________ Has this trend been reversed? ____________________________________________________________ 5. List three graphical techniques used to analyze multidimensional data sets: ________________________, ____________________________________, _______________________________________ What do these techniques rely on? ________________________________________________________ 6. What example did the video use of multidimensional analysis? ____________________________________ How many variables were examined in this example? __________________________________________ What is the shape of the climate data in this example? __________________________________________ AP STATISTICS: Against All Odds Name ____________________________ Video 11 Worksheet QUESTION OF CAUSATION 1. What is the third factor that relates ice cream sales and drownings? __________________________ 2. What additional factors contribute to the relationship between lower speed limits and fewer deaths? _____________________________________________________________________________________ 3. What is the relationship between the increased population of Louisiana and the decrease of the state's land mass? ______________________________________________________________________________ 4. What is a variable called that is hidden in the background? ____________________________ 5. What example is given regarding lurking variables? ____________________________________________ Why can't correlation be used to test this association? __________________________________________ 6. What type of table allows us to see how a lurking variable can influence the association between two variables? _______________________________________ 7. What is the phenomenon that reverses the direction of association by a lurking variable called? ___________________________________________________________________ 8. What is a retrospective study? ________________________________________________ What is the weakness of a retrospective study? ________________________________________________ 9. What is a prospective study? _____________________________________________________________ 10. What is a laboratory study? _______________________________________________________________ 11. How many variables matched in the smoking study? _______ What was Fischer's objection to the smoking study? ____________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ 12. What are five criteria for causality established by the Surgeon General's commission? _______________________________, ___________________________, __________________________ _______________________________, ___________________________ AP STATISTICS: Against All Odds Name ____________________________ Video 12 Worksheet EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN 1. What kind of evidence is based on a few individual cases? ______________________________________ 2. What is the name of an object that is being studied in an experiment? ______________________________ 3. What is the procedure imposed on a subject called? ___________________________________________ 4. What example of an experiment was shown in the video? _______________________________________ 5. What are the explanatory variables in a treatment called? _______________________________________ 6. What is an inert, harmless substance used in an experiment called? _______________________________ 7. If neither the subject nor experimenter know who is receiving the treatment, what is this process called? ___________________________________ 8. What is the group called that does not receive treatment? _______________________________________ 9. Describe the placebo effect. ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ 10. When you divide a sample into two groups, what must you do to avoid bias? ________________________ 11. Give an example of bias as a result of poorly chosen experimental groups. _________________________ 12. How can bias be avoided in assigning subjects to groups? ______________________________________ 13. When you assign subjects numerical labels, what must be true of the numerical labels? ______________________________________________________________________________________ 14. When reading a random number table, what do you do when you come to a space (gap)? ______________________________________________________________________________________ 15. What example was used in the video to illustrate the use of a random number assignment? _____________________________________________________________________________________ 16. In the fictional situation of a poor experimental design, what 5 problems were illustrated? _________________________________________, ____________________________________________ _________________________________________, ____________________________________________ _________________________________________ 17. What makes a good experiment? ______________________________, ____________________________ ______________________________, ____________________________ AP STATISTICS: Against All Odds Name ____________________________ Video 13 Worksheet BLOCKING AND SAMPLING 1. What kind of experiment divides the subjects into groups that share a characteristic? __________________ 2. Why is the technique of blocking used? _____________________________________________________ 3. What example in the video illustrates blocking? _______________________________________________ 4. What is a count of every item in a population? ___________________ 5. Who conducted the first U. S. Census? ____________________________________________ 6. Where did the undercounts occur in early census-taking? _______________________________________ 7. What two major losses do groups experience as a result of undercounts in a census? _____________________________________, ________________________________________ 8. Why was the U. S. Census established? _____________________________________________________ 9. What is a count or measure of a representative portion of the whole? ____________________ 10. What is the whole group being studied called? ___________________________ 11. What is a systematic distortion of outcomes? ________________________________________________ 12. What example of sampling is illustrated in the video? __________________________________________ 13. What is a time series chart of sample data? _________________________________________________ AP STATISTICS: Against All Odds Name ____________________________ Video 14 Worksheet SAMPLES AND SURVEYS 1. What is an estimate based on a sample? _____________________________________________________ 2. What is a true value that describes an entire population? ________________________________________ 3. What is the process of dividing a population into similar units? ___________________________________ 4. What example of stratification is used in the video? ____________________________________________ How many strata are used? ______________________________________________________________ 5. In 1936, the Literary Digest predicted Alf Landon would win the presidential election. How many readers did the magazine poll? ________________ How many people did Gallup poll? ________________ Who did Gallup predict as the winner? ______________________________ What was the problem with the magazine’s poll? ______________________________________________ 6. List three mistakes that can occur in polling. a. __________________________________________________________________________ b. __________________________________________________________________________ c. __________________________________________________________________________ 7. How many personal interviews are conducted each year as the core of the GSS? ____________________ 8. What is the histogram of the sampling process called? _________________________________________ 9. What pattern does this distribution follow? ___________________________________________________ 10. What is the peak of the distribution? ______________________________________ 11. What happens to the distribution when the sample size is increased? ______________________________ 12. What determines precision? _______________________________________________________________ AP STATISTICS: Against All Odds Name ____________________________ Video 15 Worksheet WHAT IS PROBABILITY? 1. What two mathematicians' work provide the foundation for probability? ____________________________ 2. What is a regularity that appears in many repetitions? __________________________________________ 3. What percent of people believe they are better than average drivers? _____________ 4. What gives us a systematic, mathematical way of making predictions? _____________________________ 5. What is the collection of all of the possible outcomes? ________________________________ What symbol is used to represent this collection? ______________ 6. What is a combination of outcomes called? __________________________________________________ 7. What two things does a probability model consist of? ___________________________________________ 8. The first rule of probability states that any probability is a number between __________________________ inclusively. 9. The second rule of probability states that the sample space must have a probability of _____________. 10. What example does the video use to illustrate these rules? ______________________________________ 11. When does spillback occur? ______________________________________________________________ 12. The third probability rule states that if two events are ____________________________, the probability that one or the other occurs is the sum of their individual probabilities. AP STATISTICS: Against All Odds Name ____________________________ Video 16 Worksheet RANDOM VARIABLES 1. In the 1986 Challenger disaster, a. what was the probability of success of each individual field joint? __________ b. what was the overall probability of success? __________ c. how do engineers insure a high probability of success? ____________________________________ d. what assumption was faulty in their reasoning? ___________________________________________ e. should engineers be required to take and pass a statistics course? ___________________________ 2. What are disjoint events? ________________________________________________________________ 3. Are disjoint events independent? ___________________________________________________________ 4. What are independent events? ____________________________________________________________ 5. What is a variable that can take on only a finite number of values? ________________________________ 6. What is a variable that can take on any value? _______________________________________ 7. Classify each of the following as discrete or continuous: a. Total number of points in a basketball game _______________________ b. Lifetime of a cell _______________________ c. Number of people in line at a checkout counter _______________________ d. Snowfall _______________________ e. Failure time of a mechanical part _______________________ 8. What can be described as long term relative frequency? ________________________________________ 9. On which axis is probability plotted? ____________________ 10. What is the sum of the bars of a relative frequency/probability distribution? ________________ 11. What are the ranges of possible outcomes called? _____________________________________________ 12. What is the formula for the mean of a probability distribution? :đ = _____________________ for variance? Fđ 2 = ___________________________ 13. What is the process called that uses statistical techniques to draw conclusions and make predictions about data? _______________________________________________________________________________ AP STATISTICS: Against All Odds Name ____________________________ Video 17 Worksheet BINOMIAL DISTRIBUTIONS 1. What law says that the mean result of a large number of independent trials comes close to the true mean of the distribution? ____________________________ 2. What is the misconception called when strings of events differ from predicted probabilities are considered significant? _____________________________________________________________________ 3. Which distribution has a smaller variance: stocks or t-bills? _______________________ Which has the smaller mean? _______________________ 4. Complete the rules for means: :đa+ X = ________________________________ :đbX = ___________________________ :đX + Y = __________________________ 5. What does risk in the stock market translate into? ____________________________________________ 6. Complete the rules for variances: Fđ2a + X = ______________________________ Fđ2bX = ____________________________ Fđ2X+Y = ___________________________ 7. What are the three traits of a binomial distribution? ____________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ 8. What example in the video is used to illustrate the binomial distribution? ___________________________ 9. Complete the formulas for the mean and standard deviation for the binomial distribution: :đ = _______________________ Fđ = ________________________ 10. How is the binomial distribution produced by a quincunx? ________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ 11. When the number of trials n is large or p = ˝, what distribution is the binomial distribution approximated by? ___________________________________ AP STATISTICS: Against All Odds Name ____________________________ Video 18 Worksheet SAMPLE MEAN AND CONTROL CHARTS 1. What theorem states that as n increases the distribution of 0đ becomes more normally distributed? ____________________________________ 2. What is the formula for the mean of a sample? ___________________________ 3. What is the formula for the standard deviation of the sample mean? __________________________ 4. Describe the difference in the distributions of 50 bets, 1000 bets and 100,000 bets. ___________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ 5. What is SPC? _________________________________________________________________________ 6. What type of chart helps us distinguish between normal and abnormal variation in a manufacturing process? ________________________________________ 7. What is the vertical axis of a control chart? ___________________________________________________ 8. Where are the control limits drawn on the chart? ______________________________________________ 9. If a process is running well, where will the points fall? _______________________ What pattern will the points have? __________________________________________________________________________ 10. What are the strings of results on one side of the mean in a control chart called? _____________________ 11. List the four common decision rules: Rule 1:________________________________________________________________________________ Rule 2:________________________________________________________________________________ Rule 3:________________________________________________________________________________ Rule 4:________________________________________________________________________________ 12. Who is the pioneer of statistical quality control? ________________________________________________ 13. What is the process called when we examine real world data and draw conclusions from it? _____________ AP STATISTICS: Against All Odds Name ____________________________ Video 19 Worksheet CONFIDENCE INTERVALS 1. What is the process of drawing reliable conclusions from data? ___________________________________ 2. What is a snapshot of people's opinions at one moment in time? __________________________________ 3. What is another name for sampling error? ___________________________________________________ 4. What is the measure of how much different samples vary from the true result? _______________________ 5. What is another possible source of error in polls (other than sampling error)? ________________________ 6. What assumptions must be made when calculating a confidence interval: a. _________________________________________________________________________________ b. _________________________________________________________________________________ c. _________________________________________________________________________________ 7. What formula for standard deviation is used? _________________________________________________ 8. Complete the statement: A 95% confidence level says that the method used gives an interval that covers the true mean __________________________________________________________________________ 9. What "z" value corresponds to p = 0.025, what is the area under each tail? ___________ If p = 0.005? ____________ 10. What is the general formula for computing the confidence interval about the sample mean? _____________ 11. Complete the statement about the seesaw effect of choosing confidence intervals: The higher the confidence level, the ____________________ the interval, or the __________________ margin of error. 12. What happens to the confidence interval as the standard deviation increases? ______________________ 13. If the standard deviation cannot be changed, what can be done to make the margin of error smaller? ______________________________________________________________________________________ 14. What is a limitation of increasing sample size? _______________________________________________ 15. What is the principle of reducing the number of subjects in research called? ________________________ 16. What formula is used to determine the necessary sample size, n? _________________________________ 17. What two parts compose a confidence interval? ______________________________________________ 18. What are the two most important tools used in statistical inference? ________________________________ AP STATISTICS: Against All Odds Name ____________________________ Video 20 Worksheet SIGNIFICANCE TESTS 1. In a significance test, what is the assumption that nothing is going on, that there is no effect? ____________ How is it written? _______________________________________________________________________ 2. Which statement formally states that something is "going on"? ____________________________________ How is it written? _______________________________________________________________________ 3. In the Shakespeare example, what is H0? ___________________________________________________ Were the scholars able to reject H0? Explain. _________________________________________________ 4. Complete: Null and alternative hypotheses are always expressed in terms of ________________, not sample statistics. 5. If the population differs from its null value in a specific direction then it is a _______________ alternative; if it is in either direction then it is a ____________________ alternative. 6. In general is it better to use a one- or two-sided test? Explain. ___________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ 7. What is the formula for the test statistic z? ____________________________________________________ 8. What is the probability, computed assuming that H0 is true, that the test statistic would take a value at least as extreme as that actually observed? _____________ 9. Complete the rules for p-values: _________ p-values give evidence against H0. ___________ p-values fail to reject H0 10. What is the most commonly used fixed p-value? _______. This means that a result would be expected to occur 5% of the time if the null hypothesis is ________________. 11. What legal case is used to illustrate an application of a test of significance? _________________________ 12. True or False. Lack of significance does not imply that H0 is true, especially when the test is based on only a few observations. _________ 13. A result can be statistically significant and yet still unimportant. What is one factor that illustrates this statement?_____________________________________________________________________________ 14. What are the two most common types of statistical inference? ____________________________________ AP STATISTICS: Against All Odds Name ____________________________ Video 21 Worksheet INFERENCE FOR ONE MEAN 1. What unrealistic assumption is used in z-procedures? ___________________________________________ 2. What is the sample standard deviation called? ________________________________________________ 3. When were t-distributions developed? _______________________________________________________ 4. What are the two common features of t- and z-distributions? _____________________________________ 5. There is a family of t-distribution, one for each ________________________________________________. 6. The t-distributions approach the standard normal distribution as the number of degrees of freedom gets ___________. 7. What do high tails in the t-distribution mean? __________________________________________________ 8. As sample size increases, what happens to the sample standard deviation s? ________________________ 9. How are degrees of freedom computed? ____________________________________________________ 10. What two types of paired comparison tests are there? ___________________________________________ 11. In the paired comparison test, what single measurement is used? _________________________________ 12. What is one of the examples of matched pairs designs? ________________________________________ 13. Why are t-tests valuable? a. __________________________________________________________ b. __________________________________________________________ c. __________________________________________________________ AP STATISTICS: Against All Odds Name ____________________________ Video 22 Worksheet COMPARING TWO MEANS? 1. How do two sample studies differ from paired studies? __________________________________________ 2. In order to test for the difference of two means, we can test the null hypothesis: ______________________ 3. 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ĆAřđčŕŘ Đ Č Ŕ¸°¨ ˜ˆ€x!p#h%`'„Č „8ňd ˙^„Č `„8ň% Ć>üţřđčŕŘ Đ  ÖŚ°€P đŔ!$`'d ˙.CŸC CĄC DRDiDjDkD…D†D‡DđDńDHEIE EĄEřEůEúEcFdFźF˝FÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓ+ ĆAřđčŕŘ Đ Č Ŕ¸°¨ ˜ˆ€x!p#h%`'„Č „8ň^„Č `„8ň˝FGGtGuGvGÜGÝG5H6H HĄHüHýHţHbIcIÁIÂIĂI/J0JJ€JŢJÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓ+ ĆAřđčŕŘ Đ Č Ŕ¸°¨ ˜ˆ€x!p#h%`'„Č „8ň^„Č `„8ňŢJßJŕJGKHKŚK§K LQLhLiLjL€LL‚LéLęLëLUMVM­MŽMŻM N!NÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓ+ ĆAřđčŕŘ Đ Č Ŕ¸°¨ ˜ˆ€x!p#h%`'„Č „8ň^„Č `„8ň!NyNzN{NŰNÜNÝNBOCO§O¨OŠOPPKPLPMP˛PłPůPúPűPPQQQ˛QÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓ+ ĆAřđčŕŘ Đ Č Ŕ¸°¨ ˜ˆ€x!p#h%`'„Č „8ň^„Č `„8ň˛QłQ´QRRRyRzR{RťRźRSSvSwSxSySzS{S×SŘS2T3TqT¸TÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓ+ ĆAřđčŕŘ Đ Č Ŕ¸°¨ ˜ˆ€x!p#h%`'„Č „8ň^„Č `„8ň¸TĎTĐTŃTĺTćTçTOUPUQUťUźU˝U#V$V%VŠV‹VŒVőVöV÷V`WaWbWÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓ+ ĆAřđčŕŘ Đ Č Ŕ¸°¨ ˜ˆ€x!p#h%`'„Č „8ň^„Č `„8ňbWŇWÓWřWůWúWcXdXeXČXÉX!Y"Y#YŒYYŽYřYůYúY`ZaZbZźZ˝ZÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓ+ ĆAřđčŕŘ Đ Č Ŕ¸°¨ ˜ˆ€x!p#h%`'„Č „8ň^„Č `„8ň˝Z[[[n[o[Ç[Č[É[Ę[Ë['\(\\€\\á\â\;]<]•]–]Á]Â]Ă]ÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓ+ ĆAřđčŕŘ Đ Č Ŕ¸°¨ ˜ˆ€x!p#h%`'„Č „8ň^„Č `„8ňĂ]ć]ç]%^&^d^Ť^Â^Ă^Ä^Ú^Ű^Ü^K_L_M_°_ą_˛_```e`f`g`ÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓ+ ĆAřđčŕŘ Đ Č Ŕ¸°¨ ˜ˆ€x!p#h%`'„Č „8ň^„Č `„8ňg`Á`Â`Ă`*a+a,a…a†a×aŘaŮa;b™¤™Ľ™Ś™ š š šušźšÓšÔšÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓ+ ĆAřđčŕŘ Đ Č Ŕ¸°¨ ˜ˆ€x!p#h%`'„Č „8ň^„Č `„8ňԚ՚čšéšęš^›_›ť›ź›˝›%œ&œƒœ„œ…œčœéœKLM´ÉĘËDžÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓ+ ĆAřđčŕŘ Đ Č Ŕ¸°¨ ˜ˆ€x!p#h%`'„Č „8ň^„Č `„8ňDžEžžž‘žţž˙žWŸXŸYŸÁŸÂŸĂŸ8 9 p q r ˜ ™ ń ň ó ]Ą^ĄÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓ+ ĆAřđčŕŘ Đ Č Ŕ¸°¨ ˜ˆ€x!p#h%`'„Č „8ň^„Č `„8ň^Ą ĄĄĄ˘Ą˘˘˘˘‰˘­˘Ž˘Ż˘"Ł#Ł|Ł}Ł~ŁäŁ+¤B¤C¤D¤[¤\¤]¤ÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓ+ ĆAřđčŕŘ Đ Č Ŕ¸°¨ ˜ˆ€x!p#h%`'„Č „8ň^„Č `„8ň¤D¤Z¤[¤\¤7ŞGŞWŞ–ŞŞŞŤŞŹŞňŤŔ!."/"öëöăŮöÎöëöăŮĚŮžhĐhĐCJOJQJUhšn5:OJQJhšnCJOJQJhšnOJQJhšn5CJOJQJhšn5OJQJ]¤Ă¤Ä¤Ĺ¤)Ľ*Ľ+ĽŽĽĽĽřĽůĽúĽcŚdŚeŚŃŚŇŚáŚâŚăŚJ§K§L§ľ§ÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓ+ ĆAřđčŕŘ Đ Č Ŕ¸°¨ ˜ˆ€x!p#h%`'„Č „8ň^„Č `„8ňľ§ś§ˇ§¨¨¨~¨¨€¨ç¨č¨é¨NŠOŠPŠŹŠ­ŠńŠňŠ6Ş}Ş”Ş•Ş–ŞŤŞÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓ+ ĆAřđčŕŘ Đ Č Ŕ¸°¨ ˜ˆ€x!p#h%`'„Č „8ň^„Č `„8ňŤŞŹŞ­ŞŤŤŤ…Ť†Ť‡ŤďŤđŤXYˇ¸~€âăäYÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓ+ ĆAřđčŕŘ Đ Č Ŕ¸°¨ ˜ˆ€x!p#h%`'„Č „8ň^„Č `„8ňow was the mean found? ________________________________________________________________ How was the standard deviation found? ______________________________________________________ What did t equal? _______________________________________________________________________ 4. What is the formula for a confidence interval for two means? ____________________________________ 5. How are degrees of freedom determined? ___________________________________________________ 6. For inference procedures using the two-sample t-statistic, is the true confidence level higher or lower than is claimed? ____________________ Why does the video use these conservative procedures? ___________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ 7. What conclusion was made about the Options and WIN Programs? ________________________________ 8. What was the p-value for the foam "bounce" tests? _________ What did that allow researchers to con- clude? ____________________________________________________________________________ 9. Why do we generally not make inferences about the standard deviations? ___________________________ 10. Complete the statement: t statistics for two means are robust as long as there are no _________________ and neither population is strongly _____________________. The two sample t-procedures are not affected by lack of normality unless ____________________________. Questions composed by Pat Gabriel, Thomas Jefferson High School for Science and Technology, Fairfax, VA. 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