аЯрЁБс>ўџ 24ўџџџ1џџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџьЅС@ №ПшbjbjзІзІ %ЕЬЕЬш џџџџџџˆ„„„„„„„˜ММММ Ш ˜Жрррррррр Ÿ Ÿ Ÿ Ÿ Ÿ Ÿ $дR&<У „G ррG G У „„рри u u u G „р„р u G  u u „„u рд р™rŽЦМQ "u  ю 0u bs јbu ˜˜„„„„b„u (рœ|&u ЂьŽЙрррУ У ˜˜$Мk ˜˜МBattle Cry of Freedom: The Civil War Era, by James M. McPherson. New York: Oxford University Press, 1988. James M. McPherson’s classic Battle Cry of Freedom: The Civil War Era was released in 1988 as part of the Oxford History of the United States series. Almost immediately, the book received recognition as one of the most definitive, comprehensive treatments of the Civil War period. Battle Cry of Freedom won the Pulitzer Prize for History in 1988. It is the finest one-volume analysis of the Civil War period to date, far beyond the standard, typically dry treatments of the period. A distinguished professor at Princeton University, McPherson reveals himself to be a fine narrative historian who presents lively and interesting history. Dr. McPherson’s vast and insightful knowledge of the Civil War at all levels is abundantly revealed in this work. He masterfully weaves the relatively little-known complexities of the war’s political, economic, and social dimensions within the overall context of the better-known military events. The result is a balanced and objective view of the great conflict. This is a book about ideas. As McPherson explains in his preface: “The multiple meanings of slavery and freedom, and how they dissolved and re-formed into new patterns in the crucible of war, constitute a central theme. . . . That same crucible fused the several states bound loosely in a federal Union under a weak central government into a new Nation forged by the fires of a war in which more Americans lost their lives than in all of the country’s other wars combined.” Besides presenting new views and interpretations, McPherson incorporates the latest research scholarship into this work. He has a deep understanding of the African American experience and integrates this knowledge into his analysis. As a primary theme, McPherson describes how northern war aims evolved over time to embrace a "Battle Cry of Freedom" that called for slavery's destruction in order to fulfill President Abraham Lincoln’s vision of a "new birth of freedom" for America. Lincoln’s great dream of freedom for all Americans could only be realized with Union victory on the battlefield. In September 1862, thanks to the “strategic Union success” in rolling back the invading Confederate tide at Antietam in western Maryland, the door was open for President Lincoln to issue the Emancipation Proclamation. With that act, the President slammed the door shut for leading European nations that had rejected slavery to recognize the Confederacy. Even though McPherson presents a broad view of the largest issues, he nevertheless devotes an amazingly amount of detail to relatively minor aspects of the conflict that are seldom explored in one-volume treatments of the Civil War period. For example, he analyzes the often-overlooked role of the Irish in the Civil War, including Irish immigration, anti-war sentiment, the New York draft riots, and even the overall numerical under-representation of the Irish in Union armies. McPherson even explores the guerrilla conflict in war-torn Missouri, making such unforgettable personalities as William Clarke Quantrill and "Bloody Bill" Anderson come to life in his fine narrative. All in all, McPherson’s Battle Cry of Freedom is the best one-volume narrative history of the fascinating period from the Mexican War’s end to General Robert E. Lee’s surrender at Appomattox Court House, Virginia. Reviewed by Dr. Phillip Thomas Tucker, Historian, Air Force Historical Studies Office, Washington, D.C. 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