ࡱ> q` ݅bjbjqPqP ::}FFFFFFFT999:::z2f;f;f;f;f;G>G>G>$hFrQ=|G>rQrQFFf;f;e4]]]rQFf;Ff;]rQ]]FF f;Z; y92Y4i4J0zpܦf\ܦh ܦF G>PD]ILG>G>G>]dG>G>G>zrQrQrQrQ3>8d>8FFFFFF The 60s (1967-70: Rocks Golden Era) In 1964, still some connection to roots, but by 1967 Rock is a form unto itself. Arrival of the Beatles in America in 1964 is the beginning of the 60s. 1964 - key year Coming of the Beatles 1967 Summer of Love 1969 Woodstock Early 60s 1st time Rock went through a major revision. Late 50s/early 60s: If you only look @ the Teen Idols Frankie Avalon, Paul Anke, Annette Funicello then it looks like a bad time period (Fluff) Teen idols A business decision by the record companies to save the industry after the Payola Scandal. (ie: create a harmless form of music that no one could challenge. Dion & the Belmonts: Teenager in Love (early rock cd #4) Ricky Nelson, Bobby Darin In Hall of Fame (early rock cd #15) Dick Clark survives Payola Scandal in part due to American Bandstand TV Show (Less substance; more clean cut more respectable/acceptable move away from James Dean rebel image. Underneath the teen idol is where the good music is (Rock goes underground) Surf Rock - California was the place to make your future Post-War California: lumbar, oil, boron, mercury, thorium concentrates, tungsten, fruit, vegetables, sugar beets, seed crops, walnuts, almonds Offered tons of white collar jobs By 1960s 25% of all government contracts Spearheading the computer chip age Silicon Valley (1950s) Western Electric, Raytheon, Remington Rand, Zenith, Motorola 1940 7 million people in CA 1960 15.8 million 1962 Expanding by 1700 people daily Surfing receives a boost from Gidget (tv show) and introduces surf lingo to general public Original Surf Music Dick Dales & the Del-Tones (fused two passions: surf & guitar) creates new music. Worked closely with Leo Fender Jan (Berry) & Dan (Torrence) [pre-cursor to the Beach Boys; helps Beach Boys make it bigger!] 1959 American Bandstand (Heart & Soul, A Sunday Kind of Love, Theres a Girl, We Go Together) 1962 convert to Surf Music 1963 record Surfin & Surfin Safari w/ the Beach Boys & Brians new song Surf City 2 girls for every guy By the end of 1963 Surf music was all the rage. Drag City same idea but w/ cars. Movies: Hot Rod Girl (56), Dragstrip Girl (57), Hot Rod Band (58), Dragstrip Riot (58), Teenage Thunder (59) Beach boys perfect themes: youth, beach, sunshine, innocence, fun Great harmonies Everly Bros. & back beat guitar Chuck Berry Brian Wilson (bass and song writer), Dennis Wilson (drummer), Carl Wilson (lead guitar), Mike Love (lead vocals), Alan Jardine (rhythm guitar) Dec. 1961 Surfin (Bad luck: Record Company ceased operations) May 1963 Capitol Records Surfin USA album; later in 63, score with Surfer Girl 1964 topped singles chart I Get Around; Fun, Fun, Fun; California Girls (Other groups) The Four Seasons innocence, life is good *Girl groups also innocent, 16-17 yr. olds, non-threatening songs.Perfect Pop records In Seattle, The Ventures, mimic the sounds and excitement of surfing *Girl Groups: (Afro-Amer 1962-63: The Ronettes Be My Baby, the Crystals, Shirelles Will You Still Love Me Tomorrow 1st #1 by all girl grp., Chiffons One Fine Day) (all white: Shangri-Las Leader of the Pack) Following Payola, Don Kirschner masterminds the takeover of RnR by songwriters. (These songwriting teams would just write songs all day. Called songs Bubblegum Songs) Rag to Riches dream of Brooklyn school girls Neil Sedaka & Howie Greenfield (Stupid Cupid, The Diary, Calendar Girl, Breaking Up is Hard to Do) [Sedaka went into recording which was surprising for songwriters @ the time.] Barry Mann & Cynthia Weil (Youve Lost That Lovin Feeling, Youre My Soul & Inspiration, On Broadway) Carole King & Gerry Goffin (Oh No, Not My Baby, One Fine Day, Some Kind of Wonderful, The Locomotion, Will You Still Love Me Tomorrow) Ellie Greenwich & Jeff Barry (Be My Baby, Da Do Ron Ron, Chapel of Love, Then He Kissed Me, Do-Wah Diddy, Leader of the Pack) Doc Pumus & Mort Schuman (Teenager in Love, Save the Last Dance for Me, This Magic Moment, Surrender) Neil Diamond (Sunday & Me, Im a Believer) Phil Spector owned Philles Record (NY based); recorded Ronettes & Crystals & (producer for many of the girl grps: Shirelles, Chiffons, Ronettes, Crystals) (African-American Community) SOUL MUSIC new genre; R&B is going away => to RnR and Soul music takes over as the Popular Black Music of the day. Several dominant labels: Motown, Stax/Volt, Atlantic SOUL Ray Charles created Soul with Gospel elements in a bar setting. [R&B + Gospel] People werent ready for it & many were insulted G-ds music in a bar??! 1st Soul song: I Gotta Woman Motown (founded by Berry Gordy in 1959 in Detroit, Michigan based on the assembly line approach idea used a stable of writers, producers, arrangers so all music had the same consistent sound.) (Creates its own style.) [became the largest black owned company] Slower tempos Harmonies Different rhythms Sophisticated choreography Lose the saxophone lead (from R&B) Single Solo Voice becomes lead instrument Gospel influence Sense of Pride in being black some involvement in civil rights movement musically More mainstream embraced by whites 1st - Arranger & producer would work with group 2nd Record with background group (usually the Funk Brothers) 3rd work with someone on manners, styles; how to introduce themselves to public 4th Chet Atkins, Choreography ( Leos Casino where all new Motown acts were tried out (sink or swim) In addition both the Ed Sullivan & American Bandstand tv shows were huge in making Motown successful. Examples: Smokey Robinson* & the Miracles, The Temptations, The Supremes, The Four Tops, Gladys Knight & the Pips, Stevie Wonder, The Marvelettes, Marvin Gaye * Smokey is one of the most important Motown figures b/c he helps define the style through his (written) music Two labels wanted to record Black American Music in its purest form: Stax/Volt & Atlantic (Latter half of 60s) STAX/VOLT (owner Jim Stewart) Synonymous with Soul & R&B blackersound (aimed at black market) Did NOT cater to whites (Motown did) Otis Redding: more powerful use of horns, more Gospel, more raw/sexy Also had a mixed band (white/black) **RnR was the 1st to break down the racial barriers! Examples: Eddie Floyd, Wilson Pickett, Otis Redding, Sam & Dave (Soul Man), Johnnie Taylor, Isaac Hayes (theme to shaft; Chef on South Park) Atlantic Records: Ray Charles (leaves Motown to come here), Aretha Franklin (Respect), James Brown James Brown widest influence Funk (before funk was called funk) 114 appearances on US Charts (more than any other black artist) Live at the Apollo in 1962: Papas Got a Brand New Bag, I Got You (I Feel Good), Its A Mans Mans Mans World Brown becomes the spokesperson on Civil Rights in the 60s appealed for calm on National TV after MLK Jrs assassination in 1968 Sets the scene for Funks popularity Other famous 60s Black performers: Ritchie Havens Folk Sly & the Family Stone Black Hippie Jimi Hendrix goes into white charts (born in Seattle, Washington) Joins army as paratrooper ranger, injured (broke) leg meets Bily Cox in the service learned guitar listening to BB King & Muddy Waters, Buddy Guy 1963 gigging as side-man for Little Richard, Diana Ross & the Supremes, Isley Bros. backed up other artists: BB King, Sam Cooke 1965 rejoins Little Richards band but gets fired for upstaging Little Richard Goes to Greenwich Village & THRIVES on the music scene Forms 1st band, Jimi James and the Blue Flames (plays Blues, R&B, Funk covers) Meets Keith Richards girlfriend who recognized his talent & borrowed a Fender Stratocaster for him (from Keith Richards) & introduces him to Chas Chandler (bassist for the British group, the Animals) Chandlers impressed, convinces him to go to U.K.; meets Cream & jams (blows Clapton & other guitar gods Pete Townsend, Paul McCartney, George Harrison, Beck, Page, etc - away!) Chandler intros him to Mitch Mitchell & Noel Redding formed the Jimi Hendrix Experience (drummer Mitch Mitchell & bassist Noel Redding) given 1st recording contract (66) (album) Are You Experienced? 1967 includes almost all hits: Are You Experienced?, Purple Haze (1st single: Hey Joe) Immediately changes the boundaries of what you could do with a guitar!! Also performs at Monterey Pop Festival*(see below) in 1967 w/Otis Redding & Janis Joplin (his U.S. debut) and sacrifices his guitar (burns it) 1969 @ Woodstock performs famous Star Spangled Banner performance (also plays with the Band of Gypsies Not really interested in creating hits (much to record companys horror) He wants to experiment & be a musicians musician create epics; blend R&B + Rock + Jazz + Blues, etc Nov. 27, 1971 plays Isle of Wight (U.K.) but gets booed for not playing standards Premature death in 1971 (3 weeks after last major performance he is found dead from drug overdose alcohol & sleeping pills; he asphyxiates on his own vomit) FOLK (Early 60s) College campuses Sophisticated, young audience that temporarily rejects RnR and embraces Folk Music (Starts a Folk music revival) Bob Dylan born Robert Allen Zimmerman on 5/24/1941 & raised in Minnesota; becomes obsessed with Woody Guthrie (other influences: Elvis, Jerry Lee Lewis, Hank Williams, Robert Johnson) Travels to NY, NJ in Greenwich Village Embodies a new youth of Folk Music East Orange would play for Woody Guthrie on his death bed. Song to Woody Wrote songs that spoke directly to what was happening in the country, not just the fun stuff Political Injustice (Blowin in the Wind, Times They Are A-changin) Becomes a spokesperson for the American people. Youth looked to Dylan for opinions and decisions Brings RnR & folk together. Electric guitar and the band causes definite waves in Folk. He brings to RnR a conscious. FOLK-ROCK created by Dylan. Plugs in at Newport Folk Fest.; plays Maggies Farm with Paul Butterfield Blues Band Greatly effects the Beatles from She Loves You to Eleanor Rigby Like A Rolling Stone at least doubles the amount of time a song is! Changes the way songs are recorded forever! Inspires other Folk-rock groups like: The Byrds, Sonny & Cher, the Mamas & the Papas, Simon & Garfunkel (Paul) Simon & (Art) Garfunkel lots of recording (58-62), The Sounds of Silence (65) [re-released w/ powerful rhythm section], Homeward Bound, (album) Parsley, Sage, Rosemary & Thyme; Scarborough Fair; 59th Street Bridge Song; Mrs. Robinson (soundtrack); Bridge Over Troubled Waters (70) Other famous groups: Peter, Paul & Mary, Pete Seeger (We Shall Overcome) BEATLES (FIRST BRITISH INVASION*) *close interconnection between U.S. & Brit Pop that continues today (Eric Clapton, Elton John, Sting, Oasis) November 1963 Beatles single, I Wanna Hold Your Hand coincides with JFKs death. Throws America for a loop Beatles provide relief to youth from the devastation of Kennedys assassination. History of Beatles traced back to March 1957 John Lennon & (childhood friend) Pete Shotton form a group, The Black Jacks to play skiffle (type of popular music with jazz, blues, folk, roots and country influences, usually using homemade or improvised instruments.) & American RnR. Soon change name to The Quarry Men. July 6, 1957, a friend of JL introduces him to guitarist Paul McCartney. Shotton asks PM to join the group. Paul & George Harrison were students together at Liverpool Institute H.S. for Boys, they became friends on the daily hour long bus commute discovering a mutual interest in music. Aug 29, 1958 GH accepted into The Quarry Men (7 members of the group total) !959 group disbands due to lack of gigs eventually JL, PM, GH form Johnny & the Moon Dogs with PM on drums. Jan 1960, John invites fellow art student, Stu Sutcliffe to join provided he gets his own bass. In May they rename themselves The Beetles (tribute to Buddy Holly & the Crickets; then Silver Beetles. In june, Silver Beatles Aug 6, 1960 they invite Pete Best to be the permanent drummer Alan Williams, manager, arranges gigs in Hamburg, Germany. On Aug 18, 1960 they go posing as students & now call themselves The Beatles. They stay until Dec 1st. Return periodically until feb 62. Line up: JL-rhythm/vocals, PM- rhythm/vocals, GH-lead/vocals, Stuart Sutclifee-bass/vocals, Pete Best-drums. (Best is sex symbol of group which causes jealousy in rest of group) 1st Hamburg tour ends due to George being found underage & J&P arrested for attempted arson, Stu leaves group engaged to photographer Astrid Kirchherr Feb 9, 1961 Petes mom helps them book a gig @ the Cavern Club; return to Germany 4/1/61-7/2/61, but $ dispute w/ manager causes Alan to leave. Sat, Oct 28, 1961 Brian Epstein, a local record store owner gets 3 requests for Beatles recording of My Bonnie. Finds out theyre playing the cavern club so goes to check them out. Becomes their new manager on 1/24/62 1/1/62 granted audition for Decca records & they are turned down (Betales had partied too hard the night before & the other group lived closer so would cost less in travel expenses.) 4/10/62 Stu dies of brain hemorrhage 6/4 Beatles aud forEMI/Parlophone records with producer George Martin who tells them to replace their drummer 8/16/62 Best fired & replaced w/ Ringo Starr 2/9/64 debut in US on Ed Sullivan Show in NYC John Lennon, Paul McCartney, Pete Best (drummer), Stuart Sutcliffe (rhythm guitar/vocals) ( add George Harrison, Stu dies, Pete Best replaced with Richard Ringo Starkey Brian Epstein, manager, turns them into a nicer, cleaner cut, softer group so they can make it in America. Reasons for popularity: Great song writers Appearances on Ed Sullivan Show Film right away (A Hard Days Night 1964 mockumentary en route to London TV appearance & Help! 1965 in color) Release one record after another, after another Constantly changing style Borrowed from American Music (the best American band that wasnt American!) Able to get American music in Liverpool from the sailors in port. Go to Hamburg, Germany & are forced to play their brains out and be good at it. Ringo was the perfect drummer for the Beatles Early sounds are very R&B, but by Tax Man sound starts to change. In Rubber Soul Album - In My Life - music (sound) starts to mature. (1965) Shea Stadium 1st time a group had played a venue that large (55,000+ fans). Sound system was too small (most people didnt hear them over the screams of the fans, but the fans didnt care they were seeing the Beatles!) (67?) Stop touring and go into recording studio for 5 months. What happened to them? & then WHAM they release: Sgt. Peppers Lonely Hearts Club Band is often considered the best RnR album ever; what it really does is take the roll out. New era ( Rock (considered by some to be the 1st concept album) Creates a new way to record Associated with the counter-culture drug use (Psychedelic influenced period - LSD) George Martin, producer, the straight guy brought the way out there stuff back to earth and put it together. Important Producers of RnR: (1) Sam Phillips (2) Phil Spector (3) George Martin Maharishi Makesh Yogi Indian (from India) Spiritual Advisor (8/26/1967 meditation weekend in Bangor, Wales) Bob Dylan was there and influenced them (got them into drugs) & BrianWilson also there & Donovan (folk singer, sang Mellow Yellow & taught John Lennon the clawhammer finger picking style which later helped him write Julia) During the week of 4/4/1964, Beatles set a record: occupy all top 5 positions on billboards top pop singles (Cant Buy Me Love= #1) then they release A Hard Days Night (movie) in August 1964. Lyrically sophisticated & musically expansive albums: Rubber Soul (1965) Revolver (1966) Summer 66 entourage was physically attacked in Phillipines after perceived snub of queen; casual remark by JL that the Beatles were bigger than Jesus, result in record burnings in bible belt & demands for a repentant apology. Retire from touring after San Fran concert on Aug 29, 1966. 10 months later they release SPLHCB No singles ever released from album (1st concept album to be listened to start to finish) Aug 1967 Brian Epstein (prone to suicidal depression over past year) dies of drug overdose, leaving group w/o manager. Magical Mystery Tour (next film project, directed by themselves) lacks focus & basic professionalism. Picture Bombs. Premieres on BBC on Dec 1967 & gives media 1st chance to roast Beatles. Early 1968, decamp for India for course in transcendental meditation with Maharishi (slight embarrassment as the 4 never complete course & depart early) White Album double LP released late 68. Return to guitar-based rock (abandon psychedelic rock). Very much individual songs opposed to collective group songs. GH becoming more prolific & skilled composer, resent his junior status, group bickers more openly. RS actually quits for a couple weeks in midst of recording White Album sessions. JL devotion to romantic & artistic pursuits w/ new girlfriend Yoko Ono. Apple records (started in 1968) becomes financial & organizational nightmare. PM pushing group to return to live performing, gets put on back burner after GH leaves group for a few days. Group performs (impromptu) on top of Apple headquarters in London on Jan 30, 1969, before police stop it. (Last live performance). Release Let It Be in spring 69. Quarrels intensify in dispute over management. PM wants father-in-law to handle affairs, others want American businessman. Final album, Abbey Road heralds the arrival of GH as a composer = to JL & PM. JL begins releasing solo singles & performing in Plastic Ono Band, threatens to quit in late 69 but is dissuaded from making public announcement. After Aug. 1969 group has basically finished (JL- Plastic Ono Band, GH Delaney & Bonnie, RS starring role in Magic Christian film, PM- 1st solo album) but public did not know until PM publically announces on April 10, 1970 that hes leaving the group & then sues for dissolution at end of 1970. Fans hope for reunion until Dec. 1980 when JL is shot & killed by Mark David Chapman outside his NY apartment. GH attacked by home intruder & stabbed in 1999 (lives) but dies on lung cancer on Nov 29, 2001. (1ST BRIT INVASION BANDS) Brit Bands took American sound/style made it their own & then sold it back to the U.S. Beatles, Rollng Stones, Yardbirds, The Moody Blues, The Kinks, The Who, The Animals The Rolling Stones - Yin Yang of the Beatles: the Bad Boys of Rock, (the underbelly they looked dangerous, raw sounds, blues sound) [name inspired by Muddy Waters song] Mic Jagger, Keith Richards, Brian Jones (replaced by Mic Taylor replaced by Brian Wood), [Dick Taylor replaced by] Bill Wyman (bass), [Mick Avory replaced by] Charlie Watts (drummer) manager/producer: Andrew Loog Oldham (wants to exploit the opposite to what the Beatles are doing. Glimmer twins Jagger & Richards / The Human Riff - Richards 1969 drop Brian Jones due to drug trouble (he drowned later that year) 31 UK top 10 hits & 35+ years later 1998 tour The Greatest RnR Band in the World STILL PLAYING!!! Formed in April 1962 Jagger & Richards meet Brian Jones [in mid-60s - quintessential bluesmen used Stones rhythm section to tour with RubyTuesday Early Stones w/Brian Jones on Lead Guitar January 1963 Jagger & Richards meet Paul McCartney & John Lennon. P & J give them I Wanna Be Your Man (J & R are 1st non-Beatles to record a Lennon/McCartney song) 1964 Stones replace Beatles in the #1 spot in the U.K. 1964 perform on Ed Sullivan (2nd appearance) Lets Spend the Night Together shows producers change the lyrics to Lets Spend Time Together 1965 discover their own voice in singles The Last Time & (I Cant Get No) Satisfaction satisfaction built around a fuzz-tone guitar riff from Richards; that many consider the all-time greatest rnr song. Satisfaction, Sympathy for the Devil (harmonically based on the blues Keith Richards takes lead guitar (& solos) in this song for 1st time (instead of Brian Jones) (Satisfaction reaches #1 in U.S.) --eclectic sound (largely due to Brian Jones- Under My Thumb: marimba; Lady Jane; dulcimer --1967 release 3 albums; beset by legal troubles stemming from a string of media-instigated drug busts. Jagger, Richards & Jones narrowly escape draconian prison sentences. Ongoing substance abuse rapidly causes Jones physical & mental state to degenerate. Their Satanic Majesties Request (bombastic pschychedelia) a retort to Beatles SPLHCB album and Beatles summer of Love manifesto. Marks the last time that the Stones would creatively shadow the Beatles. June 8, 1969 Brian Jones announces hes leaving due to musical differences (replaced by Mic Taylor) pushed out by J & R due to drugs and alcohol & mental issues. July 3, 1969 Brian is found dead in swimming pool. death by misadventure --return to basic rnr with a vengeance. By 1969 their music is definitive rnr! Classics 68-69: Jumping Jack Flash, Street Fighting Man, Sympathy for the Devil, Honky Tonk Women , Gimme Shelter, Midnight Rambler (the last 2 from the album Let It Bleed, an album filled with portents of violence, decadence & social cataclysm) 1969 - July 5, if Woodstock marks the apex of the hippie movement in America, the Stones free concert in Hyde Park does the same for England. Draws nearly 300,000 people. (about 3 months after Woodstock) Stones give free concert Dec 1, 1969 at Altimant Spedway outside of San Francisco, but use Hells Angels as security (they had done so before in the U.K. with no troubles), but during the Jefferson Airplane set (lead singer Marty Balin is knocked unconscious) & the Hells Angels beat up a spectator (an 18 y.o. black man who pulled a gun and was subsequently stabbed to death). The ensuing RIOT symbolizes the end of the Peace & Love Era. 1971 Stones launch their own record company, Rolling Stones Records with release of Sticky Fingers and its 1st single Brown Sugar 1989 inducted into Rnr H.o.F The Who smashed guitar for the 1st time; Anyway, Anyhow, Anywhere 1st feedback My Generation anthem of the 60s; Tommy (69) Rock Opera Formed in 1962 (Pete Townsend, guitar; Roger Daltry, lead singer; John Entwhistle, bass & brass; Keith the Loon Moon, drums) 1964 1st gig in London 1st gig in U.S. is on Shin-Dig (tv show similar to American Bandstand) I Cant Explain 1st album (LP) released in 65 includes My Generation (60s theme song) 1967 plat @ Monterey Pop Festival Do NOT want to play following Jimi Hendrix! 1st group to destroy their instruments @ end of show Appear on The Smothers Bros. TV show; play My Generation Moons kit had explosives in it (set by the studio engineer), Moon put more in not realizing that it had already been done. When the kit explodes, the resulting BOOM gives the group tinnitus 1969 Tommy released (immediately receives critical acclaim (landmark recording) - Later same year Tommy tours in U.S. 1970 Keith Moon gets in trouble with skinheads; tries to escape & accidentally kills his chauffer with the limo 1973 Quadrophenia (2nd Rock Opera) 1974 Tommy becomes a film Yardbirds (top guitarists Eric Clapton => Jeff Beck =>Jimmy Page) Took American R&B, made it their own &sold it back to the U.S. Started as a traditional Blues Band Keith Ralph, Paul Samuels Smith, Jeff Beck, Chris Drayer, Jim McCartey? 1965 Clapton leaves to play w/ John Mayall & is replaced by Beck 66 Paul Samwell leaves; Drayer moves to Bass; Page joins & plays rhythm guitar & lead Page obtains rights to obtain yardbird name Producer Peter Grant Band breaks up & reforms w/ Robert Plant & Jon Bonham ( The New Yardbirds become Led Zepplin! (Led Zepplin, Rod Stewart, Cream all came about b/c of the Yardbirds!) SECOND BRITISH INVASION (1968-69) Led Zepplin Cream Pink Floyd (1970s Album band, stadium filler: Dark Side of the Moon (73), The Wall (79)) Deep Purple Led Zepplin (got the name from drummer of The Who, Keith Moon, who heard them play and said that they would go over like a Lead Zepplin (aka a Lead Balloon) 1968 Jimmy Page (elec guitar) plays last gig w/ the New Yardbirds John Bonham (percussion) consummate rock drummer Robert Plants (vocals) John Paul Jones (bass, keyboard, producer) Peter Grant (manager) [secures the largest contract deal in RnR history!] 1969 1st U.S. tour opening for Vanilla Fudge, also play the Newport Jazz Festival (Newport, RI) & release Led Zepplin (1st album). 2nd album (Led Zepplin 2)released in 1970. 4th album (ZoZo nickname for Jimmy Page) includes Stairway to Heaven. Last album (In Through the Out Door) influenced heavily by John Paul Jones & Robert Plant, not so much by Page and Bonham (who are more interested in heroine) ( much different sound for the group than in the past Rumor: Robert Plant, a Satanist? Led Zepplin cursed? (Plant was definitely interested by the Black Arts) Cream [1st power trio] 1966 ALL SEASONED MUSICIANS Eric Clapton, guitar (influenced Jimi Hendrix) Jack Bruce, bass Ginger Baker, drums 1967 release Fresh Cream (I Feel Free 1st single) Crossroads shows connection to Blues Roots Sunshine of Your Love, White Room Psychedelic-Rock Tom Dowd (Atlantic Recording Engineer working for Cream > 16 years old!) PSYCHEDELIC ACID ROCK (originates in San Francisco) drug culture that grew up around groups like: Jefferson Airplane, Grateful Dead Heavy (loud) amplification & distortion Music meant to stimulate a drug experience (colored) Light shows/elements of electronic music (Pink Floyd) Wrote lyrics with space age imagery (becomes Progressive Rock in the 70s) THE SUMMER OF LOVE (1967) Hippie culture: drugs were meant as a way of escaping to what they thought was a better way of life, where love & peace would prevail over violence. Hippie Commune Mount Gorda, near Big Sur, California the Human Be-In created by The Family Dog,The Straight Theater, The Diggers, The San Fran Oracle & ~ 25 individuals Draws @ least 35,000 people mostly via word of mouth Attempt to initiate young people into another more positive & compassionate vision of this embryonic cultural revolution (sowing the seeds of a compassionate idealism for themselves and subsequent generations) Media projects negative images of young unbathed, barefoot individual, sitting in gutter, smoking a joint and begging for spare change *International Monterey Pop Festival (67) 3 days showcasing music that hadnt been heard before: Otis Redding, Jimi Hendrix Experience, The Who, Janis Joplin & Big Brother & the Holding Company, Ravi Shankar, Grateful Dead, the Mamas & the Papas, Janis Joplin: born in 1943 in wealthy area of Texas; in HS was reading Beatnik writers, Ginsbeg, etc; dyed her hair orange, dressed different (mens white shirts over pants); listened to Cajun, Zydeko, the Blues; very rebellious @ home Attends University of TX @ Austin (1st vocal recording), 1st woman to go braless @ UTexas leaves college goes to San Francisco and gets into Beat Scene (starts using drugs) Goes home to clean up, announces her engagement, says shel go back to college, planned marriage, kids, etc BUT engagement ring never comes. Jim Langdon (critic) gets her a gig in Austin, TX. By the time she returns to San Francisco the Beatniks were gone & young people are doing LSD. Joins Big Brother & the Holding Co., worries about drugs again Good reviews help her self-image, but she has a low side Joe MacDonald, country singer, planned a date but never shows Adventurous nature: got into a relationship w/ a woman, but wants the romance of a male/female relationship Counter-culture started getting noticed by the rest of America (Peace, Love, Happiness) Not interested in the drugs (LSD), preferred alcohol Monterey Pop Festival (June 67) Big Brother 2 performances (1st wasnt taped, she wore hippie threads, 2nd wore gold lame` dress and steps into mainstream (Janis and Jimi overnight stars! Tour together and sign to Columbia Records) 1968 in NY records 2nd album (Cheap Thrills?) Rave about Janis; slams the band Band starts to break up Record Co. gets a new band for her (Cosmic Soul Band far removed from the San Fran sound) Rolling Stone Mag. Compares her to Judy Garland lacks self-protective quality a performer of her statue would appear to need Sings duet with Tom Jones Breakthrough woman who pushes the envelope (plain woman can still be sexual) Hides behind her alter-ego (Pearl) [Pearl #1 stays on charts for 14 weeks] Goes to 10 yr. HS reunion and media hounds her about how sad her life in HS was Mother reportedly told her she wished that she had never been born. Me and My Bobby McGee Janis off drugs for a short time Media frenzy on the new music the Record Industry finally got behind it. October 4 (1970?) good day @ recording studio; but by 12:30 got drunk and is @ hotel alone; 1:40am overdose?? (late 60s) Dylan comes out of self-imposed retirement. Folk-Rock(Dylan, Simon & Garfunkel) Country-Rock (Flying Burritos Brothers) Blues-Rock (Eric Clapton) the Moody Blues, Capt. Beefheart, Frank Zappa, Allman Brothers (beginning of Southern Rock) LA: the Doors, Mamas & Papas, Love NYC: Velvet Underground (beg. of Punk) FM radio allows all these sounds to be found! Rolling Stone Magazine the arrival of the Rock Press (also Cheetah Magazine, Craw Daddy) 1969 This all comes to fruition and blossoms @ WOODSTOCK 400,000 audience more like 700,000 in actual attendance. Took on mythic proportions anything can happen Dec. 6, 1969 - ALTAMANT SPEEDWAY FREE FESTIVAL in No. California Headlined & organized by the Rolling Stones Also featured Santana, Jefferson Airplane, the Flying Burrito Bros., Crosby, Stills, Nash & Young (Grateful Dead backed out due to disorganization of event & the attack of Marty Balin from Jefferson Airplane by a Hells Angel knocked out on-stage!) 300,000 people attend (Woodstock West?) Hells Angels working security & kill Meredith Hunter, an 18 year old black man on film (Gimme Shelter) End of the Peace, Love of 60s Pop festivals lead to the development of the modern PA (Public Address) System. DAYS OF RAGE: (Riot) 4 day period beginning Oct. 8, 1969 in Chicago 287 members of the Weathermen (militant group) converge on city to confront police after protesting trial of the Chicago Seven (7 8 defendants charged with conspiracy, inciting to riot & other charges related to violent protests that took place in Chicago, Illinois @ the occasion of the 68 Democratic Convention. Defendants made public mockery of the trial all were later acquitted of conspiracy) CIVIL RIGHTS DEMONSTRATIONS, black revolt, campus unrest, Vietnam War vs. Draft resistance, Students for a Democratic Society, assassinations of MLK, Malcom X, JFK & RFK 1960s PROPAGANDA [Pro-America vs. Anti-war]  Peace symbol: is semaphore (flag language) for D which stood for Defense in Europe it referred to Nuclear Defense. Different sides of same issue (son dying in war) Pro-America: Ballad of the Green Berets fearless men who jump & die brave men Americas Best 100 men test, only 3 become green berets Trained in combat (hand 2 hand) Courage Back home a young wife waits, the GB has met his fate died for those oppressed. Last request put silver wings on my sons chest. 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