ࡱ> 8:567 abjbj *e1ge1g.2  &     <Ft %s*rrrrrrr$Oux~rwee errnnnernwernnqqglqrr0%sq,xImxqxq5nWHCW4rrn%swewewewex X ^: Election Division Presidential Electors FAQ Q1: How many presidential electors does Indiana have? What determines this number? Indiana currently has 11 presidential electors. Article 2, Section 1, Clause 2 of the Constitution of the United States provides that each state shall appoint a number of electors equal to the number of Senators or Representatives to which the state is entitled in Congress. Since Indiana has currently has 9 U.S. Representatives and 2 U.S. Senators, the state is entitled to 11 electors. Q2: What are the requirements to serve as a presidential elector in Indiana? The requirements are set forth in the Constitution of the United States. Article 2, Section 1, Clause 2 provides that "no Senator or Representative, or person holding an Office of Trust or Profit under the United States, shall be appointed an Elector." Section 3 of the Fourteenth Amendment also states that "No person shall be... elector of President or Vice-President... who, having previously taken an oath... to support the Constitution of the United States, shall have engaged in insurrection or rebellion against the same, or given aid or comfort to the enemies thereof. Congress may be a vote of two-thirds of each House, remove such disability." These requirements are included in state law at Indiana Code 3-8-1-6(b). Q3: How does a person become a candidate to be chosen as a presidential elector in Indiana? Three political parties (Democratic, Libertarian, and Republican) have their presidential and vice-presidential candidates placed on Indiana ballots after their party's national convention. The Indiana presidential electors pledged to support the party's candidates are sometimes chosen at the state conventions of these political parties. Other times, these parties choose electors at a congressional district caucus or by vote of the state party committee. The state party conventions are usually held no later than June before the presidential election. Sometimes the individuals nominated at these state party conventions are recommended by party caucuses held earlier in each congressional district. Traditionally in Indiana, the state party conventions nominate an elector and an alternate elector for each congressional district in the state, along with two other electors and two other alternates who are designated as running "at large". However, since the electors run as a slate throughout the entire state, and not as individuals within districts, this designation has no practical effect on the election process. If any other political party, or an independent presidential candidate, wishes to appear on Indiana's presidential election ballot, the party or candidate must circulate a petition to be placed on the ballot. The petition must be signed by at least 44,935 Indiana voters, and include the names of the Indiana presidential elector candidates of that party or candidate. Write-in presidential candidates must file a declaration of write-in candidacy, and include the name of at least one presidential elector candidate on their declaration. The presidential electors for the presidential and vice-presidential candidates who receive the most votes in Indiana are then certified as the official presidential electors for the state. The winning slate of electors is only required to receive more votes in Indiana than any other elector slate. A majority (51%) of votes cast in Indiana is not required to be elected. Q4: Do the names of the presidential elector candidates appear on the general election ballot? No. Until the 1936 presidential election, the name of each presidential elector candidate appeared on the statewide ballot. However, since that election, only the name of the candidates nominated for president and vice-president are printed on the ballot. State law currently prohibits the names of the presidential elector candidates from being listed. Q5: Can a voter split their vote between presidential elector candidates of different political parties? No. In Indiana, a vote can only be cast for the entire slate of electors (usually eleven) nominated by a political party or independent candidate. Q6: What happens after the presidential election in November? How and when do the electors assemble and cast their ballots? After election day, each county sends its presidential vote totals to the Secretary of State in Indianapolis. It can take several weeks after the election for the final version of all these county returns to arrive. When all the county votes have been received (and any errors or omissions corrected), the Secretary of State certifies to the Governor the final, official returns for the presidential elector candidates. The Governor then signs a "Certificate of Ascertainment." This document officially appoints the winning presidential electors to serve as Indiana's members of the Electoral College. Three copies of this document are immediately sent to the National Archives in Washington. On the first Monday after the second Wednesday in December, Indiana's electors meet at 10 a.m., Indianapolis time, in the chamber of the House of Representatives in the State House. After an invocation, the Presentation of the Colors by the Indiana National Guard, the recitation of the Pledge of Allegiance, singing of the National Anthem, and any welcoming remarks by state officials, the Certificate of Ascertainment and the roll call of the electors are read. The electors and alternate electors who are present then take their oaths of office. If an elector is absent, the other electors must wait until at least 11 a.m. before proceeding further. If the missing elector does not arrive by then, or if the elector has submitted a resignation letter before the meeting, then the remaining electors vote to fill the vacant position. Since the major political parties choose "alternate electors" at the state party convention, a designated alternate is usually chosen by paper ballot and then commissioned by the Governor as an elector after taking the oath of office. The presidential electors then vote for President on a paper ballot. The ballots are tabulated and the results announced. The electors then cast a separate paper ballot for Vice-President, and the result of this voting is announced. The electors then sign a Certificate that sets forth the votes each Presidential candidate and Vice-Presidential candidate received, and a transmittal cover sheet. Presidential electors are bound by state law to vote for the presidential and vice presidential candidates nominated by their party. If an elector attempts to vote for another candidate, the elector is considered to have resigned, and is replaced by an alternate elector. As required by federal law, copies of the Certificate of Ascertainment and the Certificate of Votes Cast are sent to the Vice-President (as President of the United States Senate), to the National Archives, to the Chief Judge of the Southern District Court of Indiana (the federal courts), and to the Indiana Secretary of State. Q7: What happens after presidential elector votes are sent to Washington? The electoral votes of each state are sent to the Vice-President of the United States. The votes are counted in a joint session of the United States Senate and House of Representatives, usually on January 6, although Congress can change the date of this joint session (to January 4, 2013, for example, when January 6 fell on a Sunday). After the electoral votes from all states are states are counted, the Vice-President of the United States declares the candidates receiving a majority of the electoral votes cast to be President-elect and Vice President-elect. If no candidate receives a majority of the votes cast for either office, the Constitution sets forth special procedures for the House to choose the President and the Senate to choose the Vice-President. The President-elect and Vice-President elect take their oaths of office for four year terms beginning at noon on the January 20 following the presidential election. INDIANA ELECTORAL COLLEGE FACTS Indiana has never had a "faithless" elector. Each individual has voted for the presidential and vice-presidential candidates to whom they were pledged. The first woman to serve as an Indiana presidential elector was Mary Agnes Sleeth, an "at large" elector in 1924. Ms. Sleeth was a farmer and life-long resident of Rush County, and died on August 9, 1957. Reid M. Dugger of Franklin served as an Indiana presidential elector six times, more than any other individual: (1940, 1944, 1948, 1952, 1956, and 1960). Kenneth R. Peterson of Highland served four times as an elector (1976, 1980, 1984, 1988). FOR MORE INFORMATION ABOUT THE ELECTORAL COLLEGE: Contact the Federal Election Commission at 800-424-9530 to order The Electoral College, a publication authored by Mr. William Kimberling, a Kokomo, Indiana native, who formerly served as Deputy Director of the Federal Election Commissions Office of Election Administration. Compiled and revised by J. Bradley King Co-Director, Indiana Election Division, Office of the Secretary of State The following pages contain a list of all individuals who have served as Indiana presidential electors; the political parties and candidates that the electors supported; and a chart concerning presidential voting in Indiana since 1816. SPECIAL THANKS to Kris Willhelm of the Center for Legislative Archives, The National Archives and Records Administration, and to the entire staff of the Indiana State Archives, for their assistance in compiling the list of Indiana presidential electors. 1816 GENERAL ELECTION Electors chosen by Indiana General Assembly, without party designation. Three Indiana electors voted for: James Monroe of Virginia for President of the United States and Daniel D. Tompkins of New York for Vice-President of the United States 1. Joseph Bartholomew of Clark County 2. Thomas H. Blake of Knox County 3. Jesse L. Holman of Dearborn County 1820 GENERAL ELECTION Electors chosen by Indiana General Assembly, without party designation. Three Indiana electors voted for: James Monroe of Virginia for President of the United States and Daniel D. Tompkins of New York for Vice-President of the United States 4. Daniel J. Caswell of Franklin County 5. John H. Thompson of Clark County 6. Nathaniel Ewing of Knox County 1824 GENERAL ELECTION Electors chosen by popular vote, but no party designation. For five Indiana electors pledged to: Andrew Jackson of Tennessee for President of the United States and John C. Calhoun of South Carolina for Vice-President of the United States Total Popular Votes Cast For Winning Slate: 7,444* * Each elector was listed individually on the ballot. This number indicates the total received by the individual elector on this ticket who received the greatest number of votes. 7. Jonathan McCarty 8. John Carr 9. David Robb 10. Elias McNamee 11. Samuel Milroy 1828 GENERAL ELECTION Electors chosen by popular vote, but no party designation. For five Indiana electors pledged to: Andrew Jackson of Tennessee for President of the United States and John C. Calhoun of South Carolina for Vice-President of the United States Total Popular Votes Cast For Winning Slate: 22,201* *Each elector was listed individually on the ballot. This number indicates the total received by the individual elector on this ticket who received the greatest number of votes. 12. Benjamin V. Beckes 13. Ratliff Boon 14. Jesse B. Durham 15. William Love 16. Ross Smiley 1832 GENERAL ELECTION Electors chosen by popular vote, but no party designation. For nine Indiana electors pledged to: Andrew Jackson of Tennessee for President of the United States and Martin Van Buren of New York for Vice-President of the United States Total Popular Votes Cast For Winning Slate: 31,652* *Each elector was listed individually on the ballot. This number indicates the total received by the individual elector on this ticket who received the greatest number of votes. 17. George Boon 18. James Blake 19. Arthur Patterson 20. Nathan B. Palmer 21. Marks Crume 22. Thomas Givens 23. Alexander S. Burnett 24. Walter Armstrong 25. John Ketcham 1836 GENERAL ELECTION WHIG PARTY TICKET Total Popular Votes Cast For Winning Slate: 41,339* *Each elector was listed individually on the ballot. This number indicates the total received by the individual elector on this ticket who received the greatest number of votes. For nine Indiana electors pledged to: William Henry Harrison of Ohio for President of the United States and Francis Granger of New York for Vice-President of the United States 26. John G. Clendenin 27. Hiram Decker 28. Milton Shapp 29. Enoch McCarty 30. Achilles Williams 31. Austin W. Morris 32. Albert S. White 33. Marston G. Clark 34. Abraham P. Andrew 1840 GENERAL ELECTION WHIG PARTY TICKET Total Popular Votes Cast for Winning Slate: 65,280* *Each elector was listed individually on the ballot. This number indicates the total received by the individual elector on this ticket who received the greatest number of votes. For nine Indiana electors pledged to: William Henry Harrison of Ohio for President of the United States and John Tyler of Virginia for Vice-President of the United States 35. McCarty Jonathan 36. Joseph G. Marshall 37. John W. Payne 38. Richard W. Thompson 39. Joseph L. White 40. James H. Cravens 41. Caleb B. Smith 42. William Herod 43. Samuel C. Sample 1844 GENERAL ELECTION DEMOCRATIC PARTY TICKET Total Popular Votes Cast For Winning Slate: 70,183* *Each elector was listed individually on the ballot. This number indicates the total received by the individual elector on this ticket who received the greatest number of votes. For twelve Indiana electors pledged to: James K. Polk of Tennessee for President of the United States and George M. Dallas of Pennsylvania for Vice-President of the United States 44. Graham N. Fitch 45. James G. Read 46. William A. Bowles 47. Elijah Newland 48. John M. Johnston 49. Samuel E. Perkins 50. William W. Wick 51. Paris C. Dunning 52. Austin M. Puett 53. Henry W. Ellsworth 54. Charles W. Cathcart 55. John Gilbert 1848 GENERAL ELECTION DEMOCRATIC PARTY TICKET Total Popular Votes Cast For Winning Slate: 74,695* *Each elector was listed individually on the ballot. This number indicates the total received by the individual elector on this ticket who received the greatest number of votes. For twelve Indiana electors pledged to: Lewis Cass of Michigan for President of the United States and William O. Butler of Kentucky for Vice-President of the United States 56. Robert D. Owen 57. E. M. Chamberlain 58. Nathaniel Albertson 59. Cyrus L. Dunham 60. William McCarty 61. Charles H. Test 62. James Ritchey 63. George W. Carr 64. James M. Hanna 65. Daniel Mace 66. Graham N. Fitch 67. Andrew J. Harlan 1852 GENERAL ELECTION DEMOCRATIC PARTY TICKET Total Popular Votes Cast for Winning Slate: 95,340* *Each elector was listed individually on the ballot. This number indicates the total received by the individual elector on this ticket who received the greatest number of votes. For thirteen Indiana electors pledged to: Franklin Pierce of New Hampshire for President of the United States and William Rufus DeVane King of Alabama for Vice-President of the United States 68. John Pettit 69. James S. Lane 70. Benjamin R. Edmonston (failed to appear; replaced by John F. Read) 71. James S. Athon 72. John A. Hendricks (failed to appear; replaced by James S. Heister) 73. Ebenezer Dumont 74. William Grose (failed to appear; replaced by Nathaniel Bolton) 75. William J. Brown (failed to appear; replaced by Alexander F. Morrison) 76. Oliver P. Davis (failed to appear; replaced by William C. Larrabee) 77. Lorenzo C. Dougherty (failed to appear; replaced by George P. Buell) 78. Samuel A. Hall 79. Reuben J. Dawson (failed to appear; replaced by Austin H. Brown) 80. James F. McDowell (failed to appear; replaced by John M. Talbott) 1856 GENERAL ELECTION DEMOCRATIC PARTY TICKET Total Popular Votes Cast for Winning Slate: 118,673* *Each elector was listed individually on the ballot. This number indicates the total received by the individual elector on this ticket who received the greatest number of votes. For thirteen Indiana electors pledged to: James Buchanan of Pennsylvania for President of the United States and John Breckinridge of Kentucky for Vice-President of the United States 81. Graham N. Fitch 82. Samuel H. Buskirk 83. William F. Parrett 84. Simeon K. Wolfe 85. Samuel W. Short 86. Daniel D. Jones 87. Edmund Johnson 88. Martin M. Ray 89. James M. Hanna 90. James S. McClelland 91. Orpheus Everts 92. Franklin P. Randall 93. Samuel S. Mickle 1860 GENERAL ELECTION REPUBLICAN PARTY TICKET Total Popular Votes Cast for Winning Slate: 139,033* *Each elector was listed individually on the ballot. This number indicates the total received by the individual elector on this ticket who received the greatest number of votes. For thirteen Indiana electors pledged to: Abraham Lincoln of Illinois for President of the United States and Hannibal Hamlin of Maine for Vice-President of the United States 94. Will Cumback 95. John L. Mansfield 96. Cyrus M. Allen 97. John W. Ray 98. Morton C. Hunter 99. John H. Farquahar 100. Nelson Trusler 101. Reuben A. Riley 102. John Hanna 103. Samuel A. Huff 104. James N. Tyner 105. Isaac Jenkinson 106. David O. Dailey 1864 GENERAL ELECTION NATIONAL UNION PARTY TICKET Total Popular Votes Cast for Winning Slate: 149,887* *Each elector was listed individually on the ballot. This number indicates the total received by the individual elector on this ticket who received the greatest number of votes. For thirteen Indiana electors pledged to: Abraham Lincoln of Illinois for President of the United States and Andrew Johnson of Tennessee for Vice-President of the United States 107. David C. Gooding 108. Richard W. Thompson 109. James C. Denny 110. Cyrus F. Nixon 111. Henry R. Pritchard 112. Leonidas Sexton 113. Benjamin F. Claypool 114. Jonathan J. Wright 115. John Osborn 116. Robert P. Davidson 117. James R. Belford 118. Timothy R. Dickinson 119. John W. Wallace 1868 GENERAL ELECTION REPUBLICAN PARTY TICKET Total Popular Votes Cast for Winning Slate: 176,548* *Each elector was listed individually on the ballot. This number indicates the total received by the individual elector on this ticket who received the greatest number of votes. For thirteen Indiana electors pledged to: Ulysses S. Grant of Illinois for President of the United States and Schyler Colfax of Indiana for Vice-President of the United States 120. Thomas H. Nelson 121. Benjamin F. Claypool 122. Andrew L. Robinson 123. William T. Jones 124. John Schwantz 125. John H. Farquahar 126. Samuel P. Oyler 127. Elihu E. Rose 128. James M. Justice 129. Robert W. Harrison 130. Joshua H. Mellett 131. Milo S. Hascall 132. Robert Dwiggins 1872 GENERAL ELECTION REPUBLICAN PARTY TICKET Total Popular Votes Cast for Winning Slate: 186,147* *Each elector was listed individually on the ballot. This number indicates the total received by the individual elector on this ticket who received the greatest number of votes. For fifteen Indiana electors pledged to: Ulysses S. Grant of Illinois for President of the United States and Henry Wilson of Massachusetts for Vice-President of the United States 133. Jonathan W. Gordon 134. Joseph L. Buckles 135. John Schwartz 136. Isaac S. Moore 137. Daniel B. Kumler 138. Cyrus T. Nixon 139. James Y. Allison 140. John R. Goodwin 141. George W. Grubbs 142. James T. Johnson 143. Benjamin F. Gregory 144. Caline Cawgill 145. Robert S. Taylor 146. Erastus W. H. Ellis 147. Sidney Keith 1876 GENERAL ELECTION DEMOCRATIC PARTY TICKET Total Popular Votes Cast for Winning Slate: 213,529* *Each elector was listed individually on the ballot. This number indicates the total received by the individual elector on this ticket who received the greatest number of votes. For fifteen Indiana electors pledged to: Samuel Tilden of New York for President of the United States and Thomas Hendricks of Indiana for Vice-President of the United States 148. Daniel W. Voorhees 149. John S. Scobey 150. Gustavus V. Alenzies 151. William D. Bynum 152. Jonas G. Howard 153. Edwin P. Ferris 154. Noah S. Givan 155. Charles C. Offute 156. Thomas Cottrell 157. Samuel D. Puett 158. Thomas H. Harrison 159. George Burson 160. James A. Adrian 161. Isaiah B. McDonald 162. Woodson S. Marshall 1880 GENERAL ELECTION REPUBLICAN PARTY TICKET Total Popular Votes Cast for Winning Slate: 232,169* *Each elector was listed individually on the ballot. This number indicates the total received by the individual elector on this ticket who received the greatest number of votes. For fifteen Indiana electors pledged to: James A. Garfield of Ohio for President of the United States and Chester A. Arthur of New York for Vice-President of the United States 163. James M. Shackleford 164. William W. Curry 165. Francis B. Posey 166. Adam G. Cavins 167. Nicholas R. Peckinpaugh 168. John W. Linck 169. William P. McNary 170. Benjamin S. Parker 171. William Wallace 172. Fred F. White 173. James Tullis 174. William D. Owen 175. James O'Brien 176. Lindley Ninde 177. Henry G. Thayer 1884 GENERAL ELECTION DEMOCRATIC PARTY TICKET Total Popular Votes Cast for Winning Slate: 244,989* *Each elector was listed individually on the ballot. This number indicates the total received by the individual elector on this ticket who received the greatest number of votes. For fifteen Indiana electors pledged to: Grover Cleveland of New York for President of the United States and Thomas Hendricks of Indiana for Vice-President of the United States 178. Bayless W. Hanna 179. William D.H. Hunter 180. William F. Townsend 181. Henry F. Cauthorn 182. Aaron A. Cravens 183. Frank E. Gavin 184. Willis Hickam 185. Nimrod R. Elliot 186. James A. New 187. James M. Seller 188. William R. Oglebay 189. Johannes Kopelke 190. William H. Harkins 191. William H. Dills 192. Mortimer Nye 1888 GENERAL ELECTION REPUBLICAN PARTY TICKET Total Popular Votes Cast for Winning Slate: 263,366* *Each elector was listed individually on the ballot. This number indicates the total received by the individual elector on this ticket who received the greatest number of votes. For fifteen Indiana electors pledged to: Benjamin Harrison of Indiana for President of the United States and Levi P. Morton of New York for Vice-President of the United States 193. Cicero Buchanan 194. Thomas J. Brooks 195. David W. Voyles 196. John O. Cravens 197. David E. Beem 198. Leander P. Mitchell 199. Winfield T. Durbin 200. John C. Chaney 201. David C. Scull 202. Frank Swigart 203. William H. Trammel 204. Winfield S. Penfield 205. Hiram S. Biggs 206. James M. Shackleford 207. Thomas H. Nelson 1892 GENERAL ELECTION DEMOCRATIC PARTY TICKET Total Popular Votes Cast: 262,740* *Each elector was listed individually on the ballot. This number indicates the total received by the individual elector on this ticket who received the greatest number of votes. For fifteen Indiana electors pledged to: Grover Cleveland of New York for President of the United States and Adlai E. Stevenson of Illinois for Vice-President of the United States 208. William H. Bracken 209. John C. Robinson 210. Thomas Duncan 211. Ephraim Inman 212. George H. Voigt 213. Jacob L. Benham 214. Luther Short 215. Thomas Bagot 216. Albert Lieben 217. Austin W. Knight 218. Samuel M. Ralston 219. Hiram D. Hattery 220. David W. Krisher 221. Otis L. Ballou 222. Preston F. Miles 1896 GENERAL ELECTION REPUBLICAN PARTY TICKET Total Popular Votes Cast for Winning Slate: 323,754* *Each elector was listed individually on the ballot. This number indicates the total received by the individual elector on this ticket who received the greatest number of votes. For fifteen Indiana electors pledged to: William McKinley of Ohio for President of the United States and Garrett Hobart of New Jersey for Vice-President of the United States 223. Henry G. Thayer 224. Charles F. Jones 225. William C. Mason 226. Arthur M. Warel 227. Edmund A. Maguiness 228. Donald McCallum 229. William C. Neall 230. Eugene C. Thompson 231. Addison K. Sills 232. Benjamin G. Shiner 233. James R. Christian 234. Duncan McWilliams 235. John Z. Powell 236. Caldwell W. Tuttle 237. Samuel W. Gould 1900 GENERAL ELECTION REPUBLICAN PARTY TICKET Total Popular Votes Cast for Winning Slate: 336,063* *Each elector was listed individually on the ballot. This number indicates the total received by the individual elector on this ticket who received the greatest number of votes. For fifteen Indiana electors pledged to: William McKinley of Ohio for President of the United States and Theodore Roosevelt of New York for Vice-President of the United States 238. Hugh H. Hanna 239. Charles W. Miller 240. Martin W. Fields 241. George M. Cook 242. William K. Borden 243. Frank E. Little 244. Allen B. Powell 245. William A. Lough 246. William A. Johnson 247. Barton W. Quinn 248. Robert W. Harrison 249. Eli Stansbary 250. Quincy A. Myers 251. Henry S. Parks 252. Simpson E. Lowe 1904 GENERAL ELECTION REPUBLICAN PARTY TICKET Total Popular Votes Cast for Winning Slate: 368,289* *Each elector was listed individually on the ballot. This number indicates the total received by the individual elector on this ticket who received the greatest number of votes. For fifteen Indiana electors pledged to: Theodore Roosevelt of New York for President of the United States and Charles W. Fairbanks of Indiana for Vice-President of the United States 253. George A. Cunningham 254. Joseph D. Oliver 255. Gilbert R. Stormont 256. Joseph H. Barr 257. Harvey Morris 258. Frank S. Jones 259. Barton S. Aikman 260. Milton Maxwell 261. John L. Griffiths 262. Abbott L. Johnson 263. George W. Landon 264. Addison K. Sills 265. John R. Johnston 266. Jacob D. Leighty 267. Lyman M. Brackett 1908 GENERAL ELECTION REPUBLICAN PARTY TICKET Total Popular Votes Cast for Winning Slate: 348,993* *Each elector was listed individually on the ballot. This number indicates the total received by the individual elector on this ticket who received the greatest number of votes. For fifteen Indiana electors pledged to: William Howard Taft of Ohio for President of the United States and James S. Sherman of New York for Vice-President of the United States 268. Winfield T. Durbin 269. Fred C. Gardner 270. David Ingle 271. David E. Beem 272. Jacob V. Stimson 273. Thomas L. Creath 274. Benjamin F. Corwin 275. Edwin P. Thayer 276. Caleb S. Denny 277. John M. Frisinger 278. George H. Palmer 279. Daniel Fraser 280. Milton Kraus 281. Francis D. Merritt 282. Edward B. Smith 1912 GENERAL ELECTION DEMOCRATIC PARTY TICKET Total Popular Votes Cast for Winning Slate: 281,890* *Each elector was listed individually on the ballot. This number indicates the total received by the individual elector on this ticket who received the greatest number of votes. For fifteen Indiana electors pledged to: Woodrow Wilson of New Jersey for President of the United States and Thomas R. Marshall of Indiana for Vice-President of the United States 283. John B. Stoll 284. George H. Voigt 285. Robert M. Gray 286. John W. Cravens 287. Elijah A. Gladden 288. George P. Shoemaker 289. Maxwell Carson Hamill 290. William L. Newbold 291. Joseph A. Rink 292. Edward Shields Edgar 293. Francis W. McCoughtry 294. Michael Duffy 295. Charles A. Edwards 296. Simon J. Straus (unable to attend due to illness; replaced by Louis H. Kocher) 297. Joseph J. Rumely 1916 GENERAL ELECTION REPUBLICAN PARTY TICKET Total Popular Votes Cast for Winning Slate: 341,005* *Each elector was listed individually on the ballot. This number indicates the total received by the individual elector on this ticket who received the greatest number of votes. For fifteen Indiana electors pledged to: Charles Evans Hughes of New York for President of the United States and Charles R. Fairbanks of Indiana for Vice-President of the United States 298. Walter J. Riley 299. James W. Dunbar 300. James H. Blackburn 301. Ralph R. Boyers 302. Jacob V. Stimson 303. William A. Guthrie 304. Monroe G. Hosford 305. William A. Hough 306. Charles O. Roemler 307. Thomas J. Ault 308. Ralph K. Kane 309. Warren T. McCray 310. William P. Modlin 311. William H. Willenham 312. John L. Moorman 1920 GENERAL ELECTION REPUBLICAN PARTY TICKET Total Popular Votes Cast for Winning Slate: 696,370* *Each elector was listed individually on the ballot. This number indicates the total received by the individual elector on this ticket who received the greatest number of votes. For fifteen Indiana electors pledged to: Warren G. Harding of Ohio for President of the United States and Calvin Coolidge of Massachusetts for Vice-President of the United States 313. John Barbazette 314. Louis C. Huesmann 315. John G. Rimstidt 316. Homer Elliot 317. Lee L. Persise 318. John E. Amick 319. Francis A. Hays 320. Lee B. Nusbaum 321. Emsley W. Johnson 322. Frank W. Merry 323. Edwin T. Staley 324. John B. Lyons 325. Joseph M. Rabb 326. Harry Brown 327. Sam Leeper 1924 GENERAL ELECTION REPUBLICAN PARTY TICKET Total Popular Votes Cast for Winning Slate: 703,042* *Each elector was listed individually on the ballot. This number indicates the total received by the individual elector on this ticket who received the greatest number of votes. For fifteen Indiana Electors pledged to: Calvin Coolidge of Massachusetts for President of the United States and Charles G. Dawes of Illinois for Vice-President of the United States 328. George J. Nattkemper 329. Mary A. Sleeth 330. Benjamin F. Huffman 331. W. Edward Showers 332. Noble F. Moore 333. William G. Irwin 334. Andrew A. Spears 335. John W. Judkins 336. Caleb S. Denny 337. George A. Ball 338. Willis B. Dye 339. Edward Bechley 340. William D. Moss 341. William M. Griffin 342. John O. Motto 1928 GENERAL ELECTION REPUBLICAN PARTY TICKET Total Popular Votes Cast for Winning Slate: 848,290* *Each elector was listed individually on the ballot. This number indicates the total received by the individual elector on this ticket who received the greatest number of votes. For fifteen Indiana electors pledged to: Herbert C. Hoover of Iowa for President of the United States and Charles Curtis of Kansas for Vice-President of the United States 343. Arthur Binford 344. Morris Ritchie 345. James Boonshot 346. Frank Gilkison 347. Horace M. Trueblood 348. William A. Guthrie 349. Gail Roberts 350. G. Andrew Golden 351. Charles O. Roemler 352. Harvey S. Swisher 353. Bert McKinney 354. Charles W. Hanley 355. Benjamin F. Long 356. William M. Griffin 357. Oliver M. Kinnison 1932 GENERAL ELECTION DEMOCRATIC PARTY TICKET Total Popular Votes Cast for Winning Slate: 862,054* *Each elector was listed individually on the ballot. This number indicates the total received by the individual elector on this ticket who received the greatest number of votes. For fourteen Indiana electors pledged to: Franklin D. Roosevelt of New York for President of the United States and John Nance Garner of Texas for Vice-President of the United States 358. John W. Spencer 359. LeRoy J. Keach 360. Albert P. Lesniak 361. Charles W. Anglin 362. Edward Logan 363. Sol Henoch 364. Ned Phelps 365. Ernest R. Stewart 366. Frank Finney 367. Herbert Leffel 368. Ethel Cummings 369. John Gubbins 370. Albert Gisler 371. Evan Woolens, Sr. 1936 GENERAL ELECTION DEMOCRATIC PARTY TICKET Total Popular Votes Cast for Winning Slate: 934,974* *Each elector was listed individually on the ballot. This number indicates the total received by the individual elector on this ticket who received the greatest number of votes. For fourteen Indiana electors pledged to: Franklin D. Roosevelt of New York for President of the United States and John Nance Garner of Texas for Vice-President of the United States 372. Dale J. Crittenberger 373. Joseph M. Cravens 374. James Costello 375. Lawrence Corey 376. William C. Landis 377. Benton J. Bloom 378. Alpheus Adair 379. Thomas O'Mara 380. Edward P. Wallace 381. Albert Heckman 382. Ivan R. Love 383. Leonidas L. Bracken 384. John B. Hinchman 385. Frank C. Dailey 1940 GENERAL ELECTION REPUBLICAN PARTY TICKET Total Popular Votes Cast for Winning Slate: 899,466 Beginning with this election, presidential and vice-presidential nominees were listed on the ballot. Electors were no longer listed by name on the ballot. For fourteen Indiana electors pledged to: Wendell L. Willkie of Indiana for President of the United States and Charles L. McNary of Oregon for Vice-President of the United States 386. M. Bert Thurman, of Indianapolis 387. Harry B. Dynes, of Indianapolis 388. Nelson Deranson, of Indianapolis 389. George A. Ball, of Muncie 390. Frank N. Gavit, of Gary 391. Mrs. Mabel Sites Fraser, of Delphi 392. David M. Hoover, of Delphi 393. John H. Edris, of Bluffton 394. William H. Long, of Peru 395. Bert Fleming, of West Lebanon 396. Reed Dugger, of Franklin 397. Joseph E. Kelley, of Mount Vernon 398. Estal G. Rielby, of Lawrenceburg 399. Mrs. Ruth W. Hancock, of Greensburg 1944 GENERAL ELECTION REPUBLICAN PARTY TICKET Total Popular Votes Cast for Winning Slate: 875,891 For thirteen Indiana electors pledged to: Thomas E. Dewey of New York for President of the United States and John W. Bricker of Ohio for Vice-President of the United States 400. Edward J. Hancock 401. Samuel E. Boys 402. E. Miles Norton 403. Josiah F. Ale 404. Harry Danielson 405. Ernest Gallmeyer 406. Hurd Hurst 407. Isaac T. Sollers 408. Reid Dugger, of Franklin 409. Robert S. Davis 410. Manse Johnson 411. Leo Kinman 412. Clyde E. Whitehill 1948 GENERAL ELECTION REPUBLICAN PARTY TICKET Total Popular Votes Cast for Winning Slate: 821,079 For thirteen Indiana electors pledged to: Thomas E. Dewey of New York for President of the United States and Earl Warren of California for Vice-President of the United States 413. Harold Van Orman of Evansville (unable to appear; replaced by Wallace Weatherholt of Tell City) 414. Clifford R. Ward of Fort Wayne (unable to appear; replaced by Lisle Wallace of Sheridan) 415. Mrs. Tina Miller, of Rockport 416. Reid M. Dugger, of Franklin 417. Freeman Yeager, of South Bend 418. Raymond Mattox, of Hartford City 419. Glen Markland, of Zionsville 420. John M. Lewis, of Seymour 421. Lee M. Kinman, of Shelbyville 422. Carl Harris, of Linton 423. Robert W. Harris, of Gary 424. Mrs. Faye Holman, of Rochester 425. Harry B. Alford, of Indianapolis 1952 GENERAL ELECTION REPUBLICAN PARTY TICKET Total Popular Votes Cast for Winning Slate: 1,136,259 For thirteen Indiana electors pledged to: Dwight D. Eisenhower of Kansas for President of the United States and Richard M. Nixon of California for Vice-President of the United States 426. Reid M. Dugger, of Franklin 427. Mrs. Louise Wilson, of Connersville (replaced Russell Robbins of Richmond, who was unable to attend) 428. Marvin G. Erlenbach, of Crown Point 429. Fern G. Cohee, of Camden 430. Fred W. Keller, of South Bend 431. Lewis B. Smith of Bluffton (replaced Byron H. Somers of Fort Wayne, who was unable to attend) 432. Mrs. Effie Robinson, of Peru 433. Virgil Vaught, of Judson 434. Douglas H. McDonald, of the 7th Congressional District 435. Mrs. Tina Miller, of Rockport 436. Virgil Smith, of Milan 437. Walter Norris, of Rushville 438. John R. Barney, of Indianapolis 1956 GENERAL ELECTION REPUBLICAN PARTY TICKET Total Popular Votes Cast for Winning Slate: 1,182,811 For thirteen Indiana electors pledged to: Dwight D. Eisenhower of Kansas for President of the United States and Richard M. Nixon of California for Vice-President of the United States 439. Marjorie Snyder, of Indianapolis 440. Eli Mandich, of Gary 441. Marvin Erlenbach, of Crown Point 442. Fern Cohen, of Camden 443. Friedolph Nelson, of South Bend 444. Mabel Lyons, of Auburn 445. Harry Quigley, of Kokomo 446. Clark Callum, of Camby 447. Reid Dugger, of Franklin 448. Glen Schroeder, of Lincoln City 449. Ralph Snyder, of Taylorsville 450. Louise Wilson, of Connersville 451. William Boyce, of Indianapolis 1960 GENERAL ELECTION REPUBLICAN PARTY TICKET Total Popular Votes Cast for Winning Slate: 1,175,120 For thirteen Indiana electors pledged to: Richard M. Nixon of California for President of the United States and Henry Cabot Lodge of Massachusetts for Vice-President of the United States 452. Roger Gay, of South Bend 453. William Smissen, of Kokomo 454. John M. Doan, of Decatur 455. Mrs. Myrtle Krull, of Hobart 456. William Leopold, of Rensselaer 457. Frank Hascal, of Goshen 458. Mrs. Hazel Thrush, of Peru 459. Paul Green, of Lebanon 460. Reid Dugger, of Franklin 461. W. Kermit Rothrock, of Corydon 462. Ralph Snyder, of Taylorsville 463. Joseph Strasburg, of Indianapolis 464. Frank M. Hadley, of Indianapolis 1964 GENERAL ELECTION DEMOCRATIC PARTY TICKET Total Popular Votes Cast for Winning Slate: 1,170,848 For thirteen Indiana electors pledged to: Lyndon B. Johnson of Texas for President of the United States and Hubert H. Humphrey of Minnesota for Vice-President of the United States 465. Governor Matthew E. Welsh, of Knox County 466. Mabel Striker, of Decatur 467. Mayor Edward C. Dowling, of Hammond 468. Judge Frederick R. Rokestrow, of Rochester 469. Alex Yeager, of Michigan City 470. State Senator Chester K. Watson, of Fort Wayne 471. Joseph E. Mettier, of Huntington 472. Mrs. Dorothy Elmore, of Crawfordsville 473. Dr. Bernard A. Akerman, of Loogootee 474. Loren F. Johnson, of Mount Vernon 475. E. A. Welmer, of Columbus 476. James Webb, of Carthage 477. Mayor John J. Barton, of Indianapolis 1968 GENERAL ELECTION REPUBLICAN PARTY TICKET Total Popular Votes Cast for Winning Slate: 1,067,885 For thirteen Indiana electors pledged to: Richard M. Nixon of California for President of the United States and Spiro T. Agnew of Maryland for Vice-President of the United States 478. Bernard A. Becker 479. Joe Vaughn 480. William Young 481. State Senator Dean Kruse, of Auburn 482. Richard Regnier, of Tipton 483. John Burkhart 484. Clayton Winders 485. Robert Pickett 486. Murril Meadors 487. William Mendenhall 488. Charles Applegate 489. Marlin McDaniel 490. State Senator Lawrence Borst, of Indianapolis 1972 GENERAL ELECTION REPUBLICAN PARTY TICKET Total Popular Votes Cast for Winning Slate: 1,405,154 For thirteen Indiana electors pledged to: Richard M. Nixon of California for President of the United States and Spiro T. Agnew of Maryland for Vice-President of the United States 491. State Senator Dennis Kruse, of Auburn 492. Lilburn A. Titus, of Hobart 493. Joe Vaughn, of Otterbein 494. William Moorish, of LaPorte 495. John Herrold, of Kewana 496. John Cox, of Indianapolis 497. Fred Blix, of Lagoda 498. Seth Denbo, of English 499. Nathan Schwanholt, of Angola 500. Elizabeth Garr, of Dunkirk 501. Phyllis Cockram, of Indianapolis 502. W. Calvert Brand, of Columbus 503. Bernice Settlemoyer, of Logansport 1976 GENERAL ELECTION REPUBLICAN PARTY TICKET Total Popular Votes Cast for Winning Slate: 1,183,958 For thirteen Indiana electors pledged to: Gerald R. Ford of Michigan for President of the United States and Bob Dole of Kansas for Vice-President of the United States 504. Pershing E. MacAllister, of Indianapolis 505. Eleanor C. Riggs, of Lafayette 506. Kenneth R. Peterson, of Highland 507. William Altherr, of Monticello 508. J. Willard Simcox, of LaPorte 509. Helen Schenbecker, of Howe 510. Richard Sager, of Marion 511. Oren Wright, of Greenwood 512. Ethel Fisher, of Clay City 513. Mollie Hanes, of Wadesville 514. Nathan Schwenholt, of Aurora 515. Robert D. Crankshaw, of Montpelier 516. Alex M. Clark, of Indianapolis 1980 GENERAL ELECTION REPUBLICAN PARTY TICKET Total Popular Votes Cast for Winning Slate: 1,255,656 For thirteen Indiana electors pledged to: Ronald W. Reagan of California for President of the United States and George Bush of Texas for Vice-President of the United States 517. Kenneth Peterson 518. Annalou Rasborshek 519. R. Wyatt Mick 520. Ernest Paullus 521. Don Hull 522. Mary Utterback 523. C. Don Nattkemper 524. Sharon Kiltz 525. Mayor William H. Hudnut, III, of Indianapolis 526. Donald Dickey 527. Beverly Gard 528. Russell W. Brown 529. Robert E. Armstrong 1984 GENERAL ELECTION REPUBLICAN PARTY TICKET Total Popular Votes Cast for Winning Slate: 1,377,230 For twelve Indiana electors pledged to: Ronald W. Reagan of California for President of the United States and George Bush of Texas for Vice-President of the United States 530. Kenneth R. Peterson 531. James R. Abraham 532. George W. Geib 533. Danny Danielson 534. C. Don Nattkemper 535. William H. McCully 536. John Zentz 537. Alan Ahrene 538. Craig C. Campbell 539. Lynn Koehlinger 540. Helen Eversole 541. Bob Goble 1988 GENERAL ELECTION REPUBLICAN PARTY TICKET Total Popular Votes Cast for Winning Slate: 1,297,763 For twelve Indiana electors pledged to: George Bush of Texas for President of the United States and Dan Quayle of Indiana for Vice-President of the United States 542. Kenneth R. Peterson 543. John W. Lindley 544. Nathan Schwanholt 545. Carlton Curry 546. David L. Daughtery 547. Paul E. Rich 548. Douglas Orman 549. Urban I. Merl 550. James L. Davis 551. Barbara L. McClellan 552. R. Wyatt Mick, Jr. 553. John L. Earnest 1992 GENERAL ELECTION REPUBLICAN PARTY TICKET Total Popular Votes Cast for Winning Slate: 989,375 For twelve Indiana electors pledged to: George Bush of Texas for President of the United States and Dan Quayle of Indiana for Vice-President of the United States 554. Glenn M. Swisher of Indianapolis 555. Betty Rendel of Pendleton 556. Roger Chaibai of Merrillville 557. Ralph Vannatta of Shelbyville 558. Roy Rogers of Goshen 559. Mitchell V. Harper of Fort Wayne 560. Michael J. Aylesworth of Hebron 561. Robert L. Nelson of Lebanon 562. Eric L. Wyndham of Brazil 563. William A. Koch of Santa Claus 564. Beurt R. Servaas of Indianapolis 565. Robert E. Haskins, of the 8th Congressional District 1996 GENERAL ELECTION REPUBLICAN PARTY TICKET Total Popular Votes Cast for Winning Slate: 1,006,693 For twelve Indiana electors pledged to: Bob Dole of Kansas for President of the United States and Jack Kemp of New York for Vice-President of the United States 566. Michael McDaniel, of Indianapolis 567. Barbara McClellan, of Carmel 568. Roger Chiabai, of Merrillville 569. Shirley A. Wright-Small, of Parker City (resigned, Dec. 13, 1996; replaced by Virgil Scheidt) 570. R. Wyatt Mick, Jr., of Mishawaka 571. Iris H. Clark, of Huntington 572. John R. Zentz, of Bremen 573. Bob Nelson, of Lebanon 574. David C. Masten, of Greencastle 575. Jim A. Kohlmeyer, of Poseyville 576. Max A. Middendorf, of Brownstown 577. John W. Sweezy, of Indiananpolis 2000 GENERAL ELECTION REPUBLICAN PARTY TICKET Total Popular Votes Cast for Winning Slate: 1,245,836 For twelve Indiana electors pledged to: George W. Bush of Texas for President of the United States and Dick Cheney of Wyoming for Vice-President of the United States 578. Roger A. Chiabai, of Merrillville 579. Virgil Scheidt, of Columbus 580. Michael Miner, of Warsaw 581. Marla Irving, of Fort Wayne 582. Don Heckard, of Logansport 583. Beverly Gard, of Greenfield 584. Rodric D. Bray, of Martinsville 585. Virginia Lee, of Linton 586. Max A. Middendorf, of Brownstown 587. P. E. MacAllister, of Indianapolis 588. Barbara L. McClellan, of Carmel 589. Michael D. McDaniel, of Indiananpolis 2004 GENERAL ELECTION REPUBLICAN PARTY TICKET Total Popular Votes Cast for Winning Slate: 1,479,438 For eleven Indiana electors pledged to: George W. Bush of Texas for President of the United States and Dick Cheney of Wyoming for Vice-President of the United States 590. Kenneth Culp, of Rensselaer 591. John Zentz, of Bremen 592. Michael Miner, of Pierceton 593. Saundra Huddleston, of Franklin 594. Leeann Cook, of Noblesville 595. Ted Ogle, of Columbus 596. Melissa Proffitt Reese, of Indianapolis 597. Dudley Cruea, of Covington 598. Larry Shickles, of Depauw 599. James Kittle, Jr., of Carmel 600. Jean Ann Harcourt, of Milroy 2008 GENERAL ELECTION DEMOCRATIC PARTY TICKET Total Popular Votes Cast for Winning Slate: 1,374,039 For eleven Indiana electors pledged to: Barack Obama of Illinois for President of the United States and Joe Biden of Delaware for Vice-President of the United States 601. Jeffrey L. Chidester, of Valparaiso 602. Owen Butch Morgan, of South Bend 603. Michelle Boxell, of Warsaw 604. Charlotte Martin, of Indianapolis 605. Jerry J. Lux, of Shelbyville 606. Connie Southworth, of Salamonia 607. Alan P. Hogan, of Indianapolis 608. Myrna E. Brown, of Vincennes 609. Clarence Benjamin Leatherbury, of Salem 610. Daniel J. Parker, of Indianapolis 611. Cordelia Lewis Burks, of Indianapolis 2012 GENERAL ELECTION REPUBLICAN PARTY TICKET Total Popular Votes Cast for Winning Slate: 1,420,543 For eleven Indiana electors pledged to: Mitt Romney of Massachusetts for President of the United States and Paul Ryan of Wisconsin for Vice-President of the United States 612. Charles Williams, of Valparaiso 613. William Ruppel, of North Manchester 614. Steve Shine, of Fort Wayne 615. Beverly Bush, of Kirklin (resigned, Dec. 10, 2012; replaced by Scott Molin, of Crawfordsville) 616. Kyle Hupfer, of Pendleton 617. Susan Lightle, of Greenfield 618. Pearl Swanigan, of Indianapolis 619. William Springer, of Sullivan 620. Jamey Noel, of Jeffersonville 621. Robert Grand, of Indianapolis 622. Eric Holcomb, of Indianapolis 2016 GENERAL ELECTION REPUBLICAN PARTY TICKET Total Popular Votes Cast for Winning Slate: 1,557,286 For eleven Indiana electors pledged to: Donald J. Trump of New York for President of the United States and Michael R. Pence of Indiana for Vice-President of the United States 623. Stephanie Beckley, of Jamestown 624. Daniel Bortner, of Bedford 625. Laura Campbell, of Carmel 626. Jeff Cardwell, of Indianapolis 627. Donald L. Hayes, of Jasper 628. Randall Kirkpatrick, of Ligonier 629. Ethan E. Manning, of Macy 630. Kelly Mitchell, of Indianapolis 631. Edwin J. Simcox, of Fishers 632. Kevin Steen, of Muncie 633. Chuck Williams, of Valparaiso 2020 GENERAL ELECTION REPUBLICAN PARTY TICKET Total Popular Votes Cast for Winning Slate: 1,729,531 For eleven Indiana electors pledged to: Donald J. Trump of New York for President of the United States and Michael R. Pence of Indiana for Vice-President of the United States 634. Edwin J. Simcox, of Fishers 635. James R. Buck, of Kokomo 636. Dana Dumezich, of Schererville 637. Courtney Papa, of Elkhart 638. George Brown, of LaGrange 639. Matthew Whetstone, of Brownsburg 640. Jeffrey M. Heinzmann, of Fishers 641. Don E. Bates, Jr., of McCordsville 642. Brian L. Mowery, of Indianapolis 643. William Springer, of Sullivan 644. Beth Boyce, of Greenwood INDIANA'S ELECTORAL VOTES COMPARED WITH THE TOTAL NUMBER OF ELECTORS IN THE NATION Election Year Indiana Electors Total Electors 1816 3 221 1820 3 235 1824 5 261 1828 5 261 1832 9 288 1836 9 294 1840 12 294 1844 12 275 1848 12 290 1852 13 296 1856 13 296 1860 13 303 1864 13 234 1868 13 294 1872 15 366 1876 15 369 1880 15 369 1884 15 401 1888 15 401 1892 15 444 1896 15 444 1900 15 447 1904 15 476 1908 15 483 1912 15 531 1916 15 531 1920 15 531 1924 15 531 1928 14 531 1932 14 531 1936 14 531 1940 14 531 1944 13 531 1948 13 531 1952 13 531 1956 13 531 1960 13 537 1964 13 538 1968 13 538 1972 13 538 1976 13 538 1980 13 538 1984 12 538 1988 12 538 1992 12 538 1996 12 538 2000 12 538 2004 11 538 2008 11 538 2012 11 538 2016 11 538 2020 11 538 INDIANA PRESIDENTIAL VOTING Indiana has participated in 52 presidential elections since statehood (1816). In those elections, the candidates of the following political parties have carried the state: DEMOCRATIC PARTY: 14 elections 1828, 1832, 1844, 1848, 1852, 1856, 1876, 1884, 1892, 1912, 1932, 1936, 1964, 2008. DEMOCRATIC-REPUBLICAN PARTY: 1 election 1816 REPUBLICAN PARTY: 32 elections 1860, 1868, 1872, 1880, 1888, 1896, 1900, 1904, 1908, 1916, 1920, 1924, 1928, 1940, 1944, 1948, 1952, 1956, 1960, 1968, 1972, 1976, 1980, 1984, 1988, 1992, 1996, 2000, 2004, 2012, 2016, 2020 NATIONAL UNION PARTY (a coalition of Republicans and pro-Union Democrats): 1 election 1864 WHIG PARTY: 2 elections 1836, 1840 NONPARTISAN CANDIDATES: 2 elections 1820, 1824 INDIANA WINNERS AND NATIONAL WINNERS In 38 of its 52 presidential elections, Indiana's presidential electors voted for the winning presidential candidate: 1816, 1820, 1828, 1832, 1840, 1844, 1852, 1856, 1860, 1864, 1868, 1872, 1880, 1884, 1888, 1892, 1896, 1900, 1904, 1908, 1912, 1920, 1924, 1928, 1932, 1936, 1952, 1956, 1964, 1968, 1972, 1980, 1984, 1988, 2000, 2004, 2008, 2016 In 14 elections, the Indiana electors voted for a losing presidential candidate. 1824, 1836, 1848, 1876, 1916, 1940, 1944, 1948, 1960, 1976, 1992, 1996, 2012, 2020 SOURCES Indiana electors: 1816-1940: Indiana Secretary of State election records, State Archives 1944: Indiana Year Book, Indiana Division, State Library 1948-1984: Indianapolis Star and Indianapolis News, Newspaper Collection, Indiana Division, State Library 1976-1980: "Elections" files; Papers of Governor Otis R. Bowen and records of Secretary of State; State Archives 1968, 1984: National Archives and Records Administration, Center for Legislative Archives 1988-2020: Indiana Election Division records Popular vote totals: 1816-1992: Congressional Quarterly Guide to U.S. Elections, 1994. 1996-2020: Certificates of Ascertainment, Indiana Election Division records. 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