ࡱ> 241% bjbj%% )GG lnnnnnnn8888 Dzdzzzzzzz$ nzzzzznnzzz"nznzzd V@nnzX Gs8  0xhNhnnnnAdults with Visual-Spatial Learning Disabilities Learning disabilities in visual-spatial areas are less well-known and less understood than language-based learning disabilities such as dyslexia. Because they affect everyday life as much as academic settings, visual-spatial difficulties continue to have a significant impact in adulthood. Persons with a pattern of visual-spatial LDs typically display: auditory memory (for things that are heard) better than visual memory. basic reading skills better than mathematics skills verbal expression and reasoning better than written expression difficulties with sense of direction, estimation of size, shape, distance, time difficulties with spatial orientation, e.g. knowing how things will look when they are rotated visual figure-ground weakness, e.g. problems finding things on a messy desk problems interpreting graphs, charts, maps may become easily lost in an unfamiliar environment may have problems in learning to drive may have trouble estimating how long tasks take, managing time may have trouble seeing the whole picture or knowing what details are important may have trouble organizing, especially nonverbal information Persons with this pattern of learning disabilities remember things best by using words. They prefer to learn and remember information by writing or dictating and tend to solve problems by talking out loud and reasoning with words. They describe nonverbal types of tasks (e.g. assembling an object, reading graphs) using words, and they need a language-based system to sort out how to organize information. Many have very strong verbal skills and can use these to compensate well for their visual-spatial weaknesses. Some (but not all) persons with visual-spatial learning disabilities also have problems with reading nonverbal cues such as body language and facial expressions. They may not pick up subtle social cues required to monitor their interactions in social settings. However these skills can be taught and rehearsal of verbal social scripts can be very useful. With the appropriate skills instruction, development of compensatory strategies, and accommodations in educational or workplace settings, adults with visual-spatial learning disabilities can find their niche and lead successful lives. References: Job-Fit Facilitators Guide, 2004, Learning Disabilities Association of Ontario What are Nonverbal Learning Disabilities? 1998, Patti Brace, LDA Kingston Newsletter See and Learn Not Always True 1998, Edwin Ortiz, LDAO Communique Learning Disabilities Association of Ontario 365 Bloor St. East, Ste. 1004 Toronto, Ontario, M4W 3L4  HYPERLINK "http://www.ldao.ca" www.ldao.ca   2 kl 0JPJ^JjPJU^JjPJU^J6PJ]^J >*PJ^JPJ^J 123XYU Yp & F] & F] 8]^8 & F] ]^ $]^a$       g h 3Qk] ]^ ^` ]^`' 0&P1h/ =!8"8#$%DyK  www.ldao.cayK (http://www.ldao.ca/ i@@@ Normal CJOJQJ_HaJmH sH tH <A@< Default Paragraph FontPT`P Block Text"]^`PJ^J:>`: Title$]^a$5\.U@. Hyperlink >*B*ph  123XYU Yp    g h     3 Q k 0000000 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 000000000000000000000000  k X6<  jtTUa Ya!ps 3333333333333$JLLY66k  AdministratorMC:\WINDOWS\Application Data\Microsoft\Word\AutoRecovery save of Document2.asd Administrator*U:\Adult\Adults with Visual Spatial LD.doc AdministratoraC:\WINDOWS\Application Data\Microsoft\Word\AutoRecovery save of Adults with Visual Spatial LD.asd Administrator*U:\Adult\Adults with Visual Spatial LD.docF:J /֢/5U@ZhNh 88^8`OJQJo(h ^`OJQJo(oh   ^ `OJQJo(h   ^ `OJQJo(h xx^x`OJQJo(oh HH^H`OJQJo(h ^`OJQJo(h ^`OJQJo(oh ^`OJQJo(h 88^8`OJQJo(h ^`OJQJo(oh   ^ `OJQJo(h   ^ `OJQJo(h xx^x`OJQJo(oh HH^H`OJQJo(h ^`OJQJo(h ^`OJQJo(oh ^`OJQJo(h 88^8`OJQJo(h ^`OJQJo(oh   ^ `OJQJo(h   ^ `OJQJo(h xx^x`OJQJo(oh HH^H`OJQJo(h ^`OJQJo(h ^`OJQJo(oh ^`OJQJo(/5U@F:J                           @66HB6 `@UnknownG:Times New Roman5Symbol3& :ArialG MS Mincho-3 fg?5 :Courier New;Wingdings"qhӇ&Ӈ&Ӈ&:!8(20  2q0Adults with Visual-Spatial Learning Disabilities Administrator Administrator Oh+'0 , DP l x  1Adults with Visual-Spatial Learning DisabilitiesadulAdministratorsudmidmi Normal.dotoAdministratorsu2miMicrosoft Word 9.0S@=@}Gs@:?s@AGs ՜.+,D՜.+,` hp  LDAOw  1Adults with Visual-Spatial Learning Disabilities Title 8@ _PID_HLINKSA`8ihttp://www.ldao.ca/  "#$%&'(*+,-./03Root Entry F;Gs5Data  1TablehWordDocument)SummaryInformation(!DocumentSummaryInformation8)CompObjjObjectPool;Gs;Gs  FMicrosoft Word Document MSWordDocWord.Document.89q