ࡱ> @B? -bjbj 8.hh-/////CCCC$g,C<nnn$m4/nnnnn4//In//nАmCh:_0   /Hnnnnnnn44*nnnnnnn nnnnnnnnn : WHAT SHOULD YOU KNOW ABOUT CLASSIFICATION? * The science of classifying organisms and assigning each organism a unique scientific name = TAXONOMY An organisms evolutionary history = PHYLOGENY Which Greek philosopher/teacher was the first to classify organisms? ARISTOTLE Which Swedish naturalist devised the system of grouping organisms into a hierarchy of levels and giving each a two part scientific name? CAROLUS LINNAEUS Which two groups did Aristotle and Linnaeus use to classify organisms? PLANTS AND ANIMALS The classification system used to place organisms in taxons (levels) and give each species a two-part scientific name = BINOMIAL NOMENCLATURE Each group or level of organization into which organisms are classified = TAXON Large taxonomic group made up of closely related phyla and the top level in Linnaeuss classification hierarchy = KINGDOM Group of similar classes = PHYLUM (pl. PHYLA) Group of similar orders = CLASS Group of similar families = ORDER Group of simolar genera (plural of GENUS) = FAMILY Be able to list Linnaeuss taxon levels in order: KINGDOM, PHYLUM, CLASS, ORDER, FAMILY, GENUS, SPECIES Use a silly phrase to help you remember the sequence: KIDS PREFER CHEESE OVER FRIED GREEN SPINACH; KIDS PLAYING CHICKEN ON FREEWAYS GET SQUISHED What are the rules for writing a scientific name? 1ST NAME (GENUS) IS CAPITALIZED; 2ND NAME(SPECIES) IS LOWER CASE; UNDERLINE OR ITALICS BOTH What is the scientific name for humans? Homo sapiens Which languages are used to give organisms scientific names? GREEK & LATIN Classification system that compares shared derived characters to construct a diagram that shows evolutionary relationships = CLADISTICS Characteristic that appears in recent parts of a lineage, but not in its older members that is used to construct a cladogram = DERIVED CHARACTER Give an example of a derived character. EX: lay eggs, have fur or feathers, peptidoglycan in cell walls, no cell walls Diagram that shows the evolutionary relationships among a group of organisms = CLADOGRAM Model that uses DNA comparisons to estimate the length of time that two species have been evolving independently = MOLECULAR CLOCK What kingdoms were added to PLANTS and ANIMALS to make the FIVE original kingdoms? MONERA (bacteria), FUNGI, & PROTISTA Which of the 5 original kingdoms was split into two? MONERA What two groups were formed when the Monera group split? ARCHAEBACTERIA & EUBACTERIA Which taxon was added on top of Kingdom? DOMAIN Most inclusive taxonomic category based on ribosomal RNA = DOMAIN What characteristic is used to determine domains? RIBOSOMES What are the THREE DOMAINS? ARCHAEA, BACTERIA, EUKARYA Which domain includes more than one kingdom? EUKARYA includes PLANTS, ANIMALS, FUNGI, and PROTISTS Name the 6 Kingdoms and be able to match examples of organisms with their kingdom: ANIMALIAPLANTAEFUNGIARCHAEBACTERIAEUBACTERIAPROTISTATiger, worm, frog, bird, insects, humans Flowering plants, tree, ferns, grassMushrooms, mold,mildew, athletes foot fungusThermophiles halophilesE.coli, streptococcusAmoeba, paramecium  Be able to give characteristics of organisms in the 6 kingdoms. Kingdom of unicellular prokaryotes whose cell walls do NOT contain peptidoglycan and are often found in harsh environments such as volcano vents, hot springs, brine pools, and other anaerobic conditions = ARCHAEBACTERIA Kingdom of unicellular prokaryotes whose cell walls are made of peptidoglycan = EUBACTERIA Kingdom composed of eukaryotes that are not classified as plants, animals, or fungi = PROTISTA Kingdom composed of heterotrophs including mushroom, mold, mildew, and yeast; many obtain energy and nutrients from dead organic matter = FUNGI Kingdom of multicellular photosynthetic autotrophs that have cell walls containing cellulose = PLANTAE Kingdom of multicellular eukaryotic heterotrophs whose cells do NOT have cell walls = ANIMALIA Organism whose cells have a nucleus = EUKARYOTE (PLANTS, ANIMALS, FUNGI, PROTISTS) Organism whose cells dont have a nucleus = PROKARYOTE (BACTERIA) Organism that can make its own food = AUTOTROPH Organism that CANT make its own food = HETEROTROPH Organisms that can live in hot places = THERMOPHILES Organisms that can live in salty places = HALOPHILES Domain of all organisms whose cells have nuclei, including protists, plants, fungi, and animals = EUKARYA What molecule is in the cell walls of PLANTS and some PROTISTS to make them sturdy? CELLULOSE What molecule is in the cell walls of FUNGI that makes them different than plants? CHITIN What molecule is in the cell walls of EUBACTERIA but NOT ARCHAEBACERIA? PEPTIDOGLYCAN Be able to use a dichotomous key to identify and classify an organism. )*>?" ,  1 2   q x  7 > t & * ; < ޾{i"h40LhgF5>*CJOJQJaJhbIw5>*CJOJQJaJ"h40Lhw5>*CJOJQJaJ"h40Lhsd5>*CJOJQJaJh40Lhw5CJOJQJaJh40Lhsd5CJOJQJaJh40Lh.5CJOJQJaJh40Lh}a5CJOJQJaJ"h40Lh}a5>*CJOJQJaJ)?@, 2  > < RsYgd40Lgd:^gd:gdsd $`a$gd40L< s t v DR19asDMXYBh&ﺪvd"h40Lh40L5>*CJOJQJaJh40Lh40L5CJOJQJaJ"h40Lhw5>*CJOJQJaJ"h40Lhsd5>*CJOJQJaJh40Lhw5CJOJQJaJh40Lhsd5CJOJQJaJ%h40Lh:5>*CJH*OJQJaJ"h40Lh:5>*CJOJQJaJh40Lh:5CJOJQJaJ'h-pS $Ifgd:`gd:gd:gdsd&-hnSTf".%,./(VW'4`jkξΜΜΜΜΏΜΏΏΜ}}}}}}}"h40Lh40L5>*CJOJQJaJh40L5CJOJQJaJ"h40Lhb5>*CJOJQJaJh40Lh40L5CJOJQJaJhshb5CJOJQJaJh40Lhb5CJOJQJaJh40Lh:5CJOJQJaJ"h40Lh:5>*CJOJQJaJ1 1^k6---- $Ifgd:kd$$Iflֈ $"(2d  t0644 laytskv-kd$$Iflֈ $"(2d  t0644 layts $Ifgd:/0./4k,-gd}agdbgd40Lgdsd)23+,-࿯h40Lhk2v5CJOJQJaJ"h40LhV|5>*CJOJQJaJh40LhV|5CJOJQJaJh40L5>*CJOJQJaJ"h40Lhb5>*CJOJQJaJ"h40Lh40L5>*CJOJQJaJh40L5CJOJQJaJ6&P1h:p}a/ =!`"`#`$`% $$If!vh55525d 55#v#v#v2#vd #v#v:V l t0655525d 55yts$$If!vh55525d 55#v#v#v2#vd #v#v:V l t0655525d 55yts^ 2 0@P`p2( 0@P`p 0@P`p 0@P`p 0@P`p 0@P`p 0@P`p8XV~_HmH nH sH tH @`@ NormalCJ_HaJmH sH tH DA D Default Paragraph FontVi@V  Table Normal :V 44 la (k (No List jj b Table Grid7:V0PK![Content_Types].xmlj0Eжr(΢Iw},-j4 wP-t#bΙ{UTU^hd}㨫)*1P' ^W0)T9<l#$yi};~@(Hu* Dנz/0ǰ $ X3aZ,D0j~3߶b~i>3\`?/[G\!-Rk.sԻ..a濭?PK!֧6 _rels/.relsj0 }Q%v/C/}(h"O = C?hv=Ʌ%[xp{۵_Pѣ<1H0ORBdJE4b$q_6LR7`0̞O,En7Lib/SeеPK!kytheme/theme/themeManager.xml M @}w7c(EbˮCAǠҟ7՛K Y, e.|,H,lxɴIsQ}#Ր ֵ+!,^$j=GW)E+& 8PK!Ptheme/theme/theme1.xmlYOo6w toc'vuر-MniP@I}úama[إ4:lЯGRX^6؊>$ !)O^rC$y@/yH*񄴽)޵߻UDb`}"qۋJחX^)I`nEp)liV[]1M<OP6r=zgbIguSebORD۫qu gZo~ٺlAplxpT0+[}`jzAV2Fi@qv֬5\|ʜ̭NleXdsjcs7f W+Ն7`g ȘJj|h(KD- dXiJ؇(x$( :;˹! I_TS 1?E??ZBΪmU/?~xY'y5g&΋/ɋ>GMGeD3Vq%'#q$8K)fw9:ĵ x}rxwr:\TZaG*y8IjbRc|XŻǿI u3KGnD1NIBs RuK>V.EL+M2#'fi ~V vl{u8zH *:(W☕ ~JTe\O*tHGHY}KNP*ݾ˦TѼ9/#A7qZ$*c?qUnwN%Oi4 =3ڗP 1Pm \\9Mؓ2aD];Yt\[x]}Wr|]g- eW )6-rCSj id DЇAΜIqbJ#x꺃 6k#ASh&ʌt(Q%p%m&]caSl=X\P1Mh9MVdDAaVB[݈fJíP|8 քAV^f Hn- "d>znNJ ة>b&2vKyϼD:,AGm\nziÙ.uχYC6OMf3or$5NHT[XF64T,ќM0E)`#5XY`פ;%1U٥m;R>QD DcpU'&LE/pm%]8firS4d 7y\`JnίI R3U~7+׸#m qBiDi*L69mY&iHE=(K&N!V.KeLDĕ{D vEꦚdeNƟe(MN9ߜR6&3(a/DUz<{ˊYȳV)9Z[4^n5!J?Q3eBoCM m<.vpIYfZY_p[=al-Y}Nc͙ŋ4vfavl'SA8|*u{-ߟ0%M07%<ҍPK! ѐ'theme/theme/_rels/themeManager.xml.relsM 0wooӺ&݈Э5 6?$Q ,.aic21h:qm@RN;d`o7gK(M&$R(.1r'JЊT8V"AȻHu}|$b{P8g/]QAsم(#L[PK-![Content_Types].xmlPK-!֧6 +_rels/.relsPK-!kytheme/theme/themeManager.xmlPK-!Ptheme/theme/theme1.xmlPK-! ѐ' theme/theme/_rels/themeManager.xml.relsPK] - .< &-k-8@0(  B S  ?gmY^&.U^   < G ^ j k u v | & 3 :GWa/UV37/3333&*S S ./jj,/&*S S ./jj*/  bgF40Lsdk2vbIwsw}aV|:.-/@**X7**-X@UnknownG* Times New Roman5Symbol3. * ArialCNComic Sans MSA BCambria Math"qhԦCf3Q "Q "!``924d$$2QHX ?}a2!xx)WHAT SHOULD YOU KNOW ABOUT CLASSIFICATION riedellke riedellkeOh+'0 (4 T ` lx,WHAT SHOULD YOU KNOW ABOUT CLASSIFICATION riedellkeNormal riedellke5Microsoft Office Word@@tR@mQ՜.+,0( hp  Brookings School District" $ *WHAT SHOULD YOU KNOW ABOUT CLASSIFICATION Title !"#$%&'()*+,-.012345689:;<=>ARoot Entry F` mCData 1Table WordDocument8.SummaryInformation(/DocumentSummaryInformation87CompObjy  F'Microsoft Office Word 97-2003 Document MSWordDocWord.Document.89q