ࡱ> _ bjbjkk 4|;\;\eZZ8Lj,jjjjjjjjj$mo=j=j4Rj!!!j!j!!W^pki@tve4jhj0jep^p,^phkiki^pi!=j=j> lj^pZ> : Spanish Verbs Past Tense El pretrito Regular The preterit tense is used to express events that have occurred in the past. It generally corresponds to the simple past tense in English. Steps to conjugate regular -AR, -ER, or -IR verbs in the preterit tense: 1. Identify the infinitive form of the verb. 2. Drop the AR, -ER, or IR ending from the infinitive form of the verb. 3. Add the appropriate ending. -AR verbsyo - t -aste l/ella/ usted - nosotros -amos vosotros -asteis ellos/ellas/ ustedes -aron comprar to buyyo compr I bought t compraste You bought l/ella/usted compr He/she/you (formal) bought nosotros compramos We bought vosotros comprasteis You (pl.) bought ellos/ellas/ustedes compraron They/you (pl.) bought -ER and IR verbs have the same conjugation endings in the preterit tense. -ER/-IR verbsyo - t -iste l/ella/ usted -i nosotros -imos vosotros -isteis ellos/ellas/ ustedes -ieron comer to eatyo com I ate t comiste You ate l/ella/usted comi He/she/you (formal) ate nosotros comimos We ate vosotros comisteis You ate (pl.) ellos/ellas/ustedes comieron They/you (pl.) ate escribir to writeyo escrib I wrote t escribiste You wrote l/ella/usted escribi He/she/you (formal) wrotenosotros escribimos We wrote vosotros escribisteis You (pl.) wrote ellos/ellas/ustedes escribieron They/you (pl.) wrote Usos del pretrito 1. The preterit usually refers to a single completed action or state in the past. Ayer fuimos al cine. We went to the movies yesterday. Mi padre ley el peridico esta maana. My father read the newspaper this morning. 2. The preterit can be specific and refer to the beginning or the ending of an action. La fiesta comenz a las siete y media pero no llegamos hasta las ocho. The party began at seven thirty but we didnt arrive until eight. 3. The only time the preterit is used to express a repeated action in the past is when the action is considered a single complete unit. El mes pasado escrib cinco cartas a mi amigo Esteban. Last month I wrote five letters to my friend Esteban. La semana pasada mi hermana fue al gimnasio tres veces. Last week my sister went to the gym three times. 4. The preterit is also used to describe a chain of events in the past. Llegu a casa, abr la puerta, entr en la casa, fui a la sala y me sent en el sof. I arrived home, opened the door, entered the house, went to the living room and sat on the sofa. Irregular In the preterit tense some very common verbs have an irregular stem. All of these verbs, whether AR, -ER or IR, use the same set of conjugation endings. Special endings for irregular stem verbs in the preterityo -e t -iste l/ella/ usted -onosotros -imos vosotros -isteis ellos/ellas/ ustedes -ieron In order to form irregular stem verbs in the preterit, the irregular stem must be memorized. The special endings for the verbs are added directly to the irregular stem of the verb. VerbIrregular StemConjugationsandar to go anduv-anduve, anduviste, anduvo, anduvimos, anduvisteis, anduvieron estar to beestuv-estuve, estuviste, estuvo, estuvimos, estuvisteis, estuvieron tener to havetuv-tuve, tuviste, tuvo, tuvimos, tuvisteis, tuvieron caber to fitcup-cupe, cupiste, cupo, cupimos, cupisteis, cupieron saber to knowsup-supe, supiste, supo, supimos, supisteis, supieron querer to want or to lovequis-quise, quisiste, quiso, quisimos, quisisteis, quisieron poner to putpus-puse, pusiste, puso, pusimos, pusisteis, pusieron *hacer to make or to dohic-hice, huiste, hizo, hicimos, hicisteis, hicieron poder to be able topud-pude, pudiste, pudo, pudimos, pudisteis, pudieron venir to comevin-vine, viniste, vino, vinimos, vinisteis, vinieron **traer to bringtraj-traje, trajiste, trajo, trajimos, trajisteis, trajeron **decir to saydij-dije, dijiste, dijo, dijimos, dijisteis, dijeron *In the third person singular form of the verb hacer, the c changes to a z. **In the third person plural forms of traer and decir the i is dropped from the ieron ending. In the preterit two of the most important verbs, ser and ir, are irregular. The conjugations of these verbs are exactly the same. ser to befui fuiste fuefuimos fuisteis fueron ir to gofui fuiste fuefuimos fuisteis fueron El examen de espaol fue muy difcil. The Spanish exam was really difficult. Ayer fui al supermercado. I went to the supermarket yesterday. The verbs dar and ver are both irregular in the preterit tense and conjugate in a similar way. dar to givedi diste diodimos disteis dieron ver to seevi viste viovimos visteis vieron Ayer le di un regalo a Juanita. Yesterday I gave a gift to Juanita. Despus de clase, los estudiantes vieron su maestro en la cafetera. After class, the students saw their teacher in the cafeteria.     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