ࡱ> #` T&bjbjmm 4T777767<wDJ~9~9~9~9~9~9~9~9CCCCCCC$Eh)HD:~9~9::D~9~91D<<<:~9~9C<:C<<<~9r9 @,\d7;<B<GD0wD<H;H<H<$~909"<99~9~9~9DD<~9~9~9wD::::!%% BRAIN ANATOMY FUNCTION CHEAT SHEET System or PartFunction Misc.BrainstemResponsible for automatic survival reflexesSpinal CordControls simple reflexesPathway to neural fibersMedullaControls/regulates heartbeat and breathingTo and from brainReticular FormationHelps control arousal, responds to change in monotonyThalamusRelays sensory information, switchboard between sensory neurons and higher brain regionsDeals with sight, hearing, touch, taste. Transmits replies from higher brain to cerebellum and medullamCerebellumInfluences memory and learning coordinates voluntary movement and balanceLittle brain-extends from rear of brainstemThe Limbic SystemLinks emotion (fear/anger), basic motives (food and sex)HippocampusMemory (remembering and learning)AmygdalaEmotion (aggression) rage, fearKluecer& Bucy Lesion monkey brainHypothalamusRegulates thirst, hunger, body temperature, sexual behavior (hormone release). Controls/regulates maintenance reflexes (eating), Homeostasis linked to emotion.Helps govern endocrines. Monitors glands. Controls hunger. Linked to emotion and reward- Oldst minor (pleasure center)Pituitary GlandMaster Gland. Influences hormone releasePart of endocrine system (no brain) controlled by hypothalamusCerebral CortexLearning and thinking. Enabling adaptability.Information processing centerAssoc. AreasIntegrates higher order thinkingInterprets and acts on information processes by sensory areasFrontal LobeSpeaking, muscle movement. Making plans, judgment, decision-making and attention.Ultimate control information process center. Interprets and acts on information processes by sensory areasPrefrontal CortexCritical role with how brain processes brain. Behind forehead and controls motor cortexMotor CortexMoves body parts: sends messages out to body, controls body movementBrocas AreaProduces speech thru control of motor cortex: in left frontal lobeDamage disrupts speaking. Can sing and comprehend speech.Temporal LobeAuditoryAbove earAuditory CortexHears and processes soundLeft hemisphereWernickes AreaProcesses speech, sound from outside large comp. Auditory code and understandingDamage disrupts language comprehensionOccipital LobeVisual area- receives visual cues from opposite visual fieldBack of head- above cerebellum contains visual cortex Visual CortexVisual areaAngular GyrusReads words-Reads allowedDamage: cant speak, cant readParietal LobeSensory cortex math and spatial reasoning.Top and rear of cerebral cortexSensory CortexIncoming messages from skin, movement of body/tactileBehind and parallel to motor cortex. Modulates speech and clarityCorpus CallosumAxon fibers connects 2 hemispheresSperry & Gazaniga split brain experimentsRight HemisphereVisual spatial processes emotion expression and intuitive: musicSpatial ability, perceptual tasks, patterns and multi tasksLeft HemisphereVerbal, language, processes information sequentially; interprets actions logicSupports to make whole. Processes verbal language. Read/ write, math. Theres Nothin on Here insignificant!!! Big PictureFunctionCNSCentral Nervous System brain and spinal cordPNSPeripheral Nervous System any neurons that extend past CNSSomatic NSThe muscles and functions you can control Autonomic NSRegulates glands, blood vessels and flow, internal organsSympathetic NSPrepares the body for stress; builds energy/adrenalineParasympathetic NSHelps to bring the body back to a normal stateBreaking it downBRAIN FUNCTIONSMedullaRegulates breathing and heart rate hanging a person works b/c (if done correctly) it breaks this in halfPonsInvolved in sleeping, waking and dreamingCerebellumThe lesser brain coordinates balance and coordinationThalamusRelays all sensory information to specific perception areas of the brain, with the exception of smellHypothalamusPart of the old brain it controls survival elements such as hunger, thirst, emotion, sex drive and reproduction. Works in conjunction with the pituitary gland.Pituitary GlandSecretes hormones as directed by the hypothalamus to regulate the body during a primal functionAmygdalaInstantaneously evaluates sensory information from the thalamus and determines its emotional importance helps to decide if something needs to be addressed immediately; the fight or flight brain section (PART OF THE LIMBIC SYSTEM)HippocampusThe gateway to all memory functions; also works with the reticular activating system to relate sensory input to what the brain already knows about it (PART OF THE LIMBIC SYSTEM) THE LOBESOccipital lobeLower back of the brain; contains the visual cortexParietal lobeTop of the brain; contains the somatosensory cortex, which receives all info about pressure, pain, heat, etc., from the body. Temporal lobeSides of the brain; involved in memory storage, perception and emotion; contains the auditory cortex as well as Wernickes area, which processes language comprehension.Frontal lobeFront of the brain (duh) and contains the motor cortex, which controls over 600 muscles all over the body. Also contains Brocas area, which allows us to know how to speak. It also helps us think creatively and think rationally; dopamine that is supposed to reach this lobe is shut off during schizophrenia, making it impossible for the victim to tell what is real and what is hallucinatory. Corpus CallosumServes as the network between the left/right sides of the brain.Left side of brainRational and analytical thoughtRight side of brainIntuitive, creative, holistic thoughtRoger SperryMost well known split-brain psychologist; worked with cats and severed their corpus callosum to see what would happenNEURONSDendritesInformation receptorsCell bodyDetermines how/when a neuron is supposed to fire and emit a signalAxonThe tail of the neuron; sends info away from the cell bodyMylein sheathMade up of several glial cells, insulates the axon to make sure no random signals get in and no signals slip outSynaptic cleftThe areas between the synaptic end bulbs and dendrites of another neuron where neurotransmitters are released and taken.PlasticityThe brains ability to recover from brain/nerve damage by possibly creating new pathways for previous messagesAction potentialThis allows messages to flow from neuron to neuron as an electrical charge is created when positively charged sodium ions flow into a neuron and flows out as positively charged potassium charges.NEUROTRANSMITTERS AcetylcholineAffects cognition, muscle movement, memory and emotionDopamineAffects voluntary movement, learning, memory, emotion the neurotransmitter that is overactive during SCHIZOPHRENIA; can be replicated by certain psychoactive drugs like THC (marijuana); also in low amounts for Parkinsons victimsSerotoninAffects appetite, perception, temperature regulation, pain suppression and mood the neurotransmitter that is inhibited during DEPRESSION; increased by stimulantsGABAAn inhibitor; it is unable to reuptake into neurons when depressants such as alcohol are present in the blood systemNorepinephrineIncreases heart rate, involved in dreaming, sleeping and emtionEpinephrineSecreted by the endocrine system; basically, it is adrenalineDopamineAffects voluntary movement, learning, memory, emotion the neurotransmitter that is overactive during SCHIZOPHRENIA; can be replicated by certain psychoactive drugs like THC (marijuana); also in low amounts for Parkinsons victimsGABAAn inhibitor; it is unable to reuptake into neurons when depressants such as alcohol are present in the blood system #$%4=DEO}  N W  $  ! d q   _ l Wd?OMͼ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~h`ih5OJQJh`ihCJOJQJaJ"h`ih5CJOJQJ\aJ h`ihCJOJQJ^JaJ h`ihCJOJQJ^JaJ#h`ih>*CJOJQJ^JaJh`ih>*CJOJQJaJhh5CJ OJQJaJ 1#4=>DE8kd$$IflFL,2 0-6    44 lapyt $$Ifa$gd $$Ifa$gd $Ifgd$a$gdT&EO{|}Xkd$$IflFL,2 0-6    44 lapyt $Ifgd aXXX $Ifgdkd$$IflFL,2 0-6    44 lapyt   L M aXXX $Ifgdkd$$IflFL,2 0-6    44 lapytM N W  aXXX $Ifgdkdp$$IflFL,2 0-6    44 lapyt  $ n aXXX $IfgdkdL$$IflFL,2 0-6    44 lapyt aXXX $Ifgdkd($$IflFL,2 0-6    44 lapyt   aXXX $Ifgdkd$$IflFL,2 0-6    44 lapyt  ! A c aXXX $Ifgdkd$$IflFL,2 0-6    44 lapytc d q  * ; L aXXXXXX $Ifgdkd$$IflFL,2 0-6    44 lapyt  aXXX $Ifgdkd$$IflFL,2 0-6    44 lapyt   @ ^ aXXX $Ifgdkdt $$IflFL,2 0-6    44 lapyt^ _ l _VVV $IfgdkdP $$IflFL,2 0-6    44 lapyt +aXXX $Ifgdkd0 $$IflFL,2 0-6    44 lapytaXXX $Ifgdkd $$IflFL,2 0-6    44 lapytUVaXXX $Ifgdkd $$IflFL,2 0-6    44 lapytVWdaXXX $Ifgdkd $$IflFL,2 0-6    44 lapytaXXX $Ifgdkd$$IflFL,2 0-6    44 lapyt.>aXXX $Ifgdkd|$$IflFL,2 0-6    44 lapyt>?OaXXX $IfgdkdX$$IflFL,2 0-6    44 lapytLaXXX $Ifgdkd4$$IflFL,2 0-6    44 lapytLM[ghaXXX $Ifgdkd$$IflFL,2 0-6    44 lapytM[iw '1IYZ\]_`l-/wyLVôբ|l````lllhCJOJQJaJh`ih5CJOJQJaJ%h`ih5>*CJOJQJ\aJ%h`ihB*CJOJQJaJph"h`ih5CJOJQJ\aJh5CJ$OJQJ\aJ$"hh5CJ$OJQJ\aJ$h5CJOJQJ\aJh`ihCJOJQJaJh`ih5OJQJ%hiwaXXX $Ifgdkd$$IflFL,2 0-6    44 lapyt aXXX $Ifgdkd$$IflFL,2 0-6    44 lapyt  QaXXX $Ifgdkd$$IflFL,2 0-6    44 lapytaXXX $Ifgdkd$$IflFL,2 0-6    44 lapytDaXXX $Ifgdkd\$$IflFL,2 0-6    44 lapyt&aXXXXX $Ifgdkd8$$IflFL,2 0-6    44 lapyt&'()*+,-./0aYYYYYYYYY$a$gdkd$$IflFL,2 0-6    44 lapyt 01Z[\]luvzfkd$$Ifl0L,D% t0<-44 la|pyt $Ifgd$a$gd wnn $Ifgdkd$$Ifl0L,D% t0<-44 la|pyt"wnn $Ifgdkdn$$Ifl0L,D% t0<-44 la|pyt"#0jwnn $Ifgdkd-$$Ifl0L,D% t0<-44 la|pytjkzwnn $Ifgdkd$$Ifl0L,D% t0<-44 la|pytwnn $Ifgdkd$$Ifl0L,D% t0<-44 la|pytwnn $Ifgdkdj$$Ifl0L,D% t0<-44 la|pytwnn $Ifgdkd)$$Ifl0L,D% t0<-44 la|pytwnn $Ifgdkd$$Ifl0L,D% t0<-44 la|pytwnn $Ifgdkd$$Ifl0L,D% t0<-44 la|pytnwnn $Ifgdkdf $$Ifl0L,D% t0<-44 la|pytno| wnn $Ifgdkd%!$$Ifl0L,D% t0<-44 la|pyt !1wnn $Ifgdkd!$$Ifl0L,D% t0<-44 la|pytwnn $Ifgdkd"$$Ifl0L,D% t0<-44 la|pytKwnn $Ifgdkdb#$$Ifl0L,D% t0<-44 la|pytKLVWwnn $Ifgdkd!$$$Ifl0L,D% t0<-44 la|pytWXgwnn $Ifgdkd$$$Ifl0L,D% t0<-44 la|pyt)wnn $Ifgdkd%$$Ifl0L,D% t0<-44 la|pyt)*8wnn $Ifgdkd^&$$Ifl0L,D% t0<-44 la|pytxwnn $Ifgdkd'$$Ifl0L,D% t0<-44 la|pytxywnn $Ifgdkd'$$Ifl0L,D% t0<-44 la|pytwnn $Ifgdkd($$Ifl0L,D% t0<-44 la|pyt9wnn $IfgdkdZ)$$Ifl0L,D% t0<-44 la|pyt9:Gwnn $Ifgdkd*$$Ifl0L,D% t0<-44 la|pytwnn $Ifgdkd*$$Ifl0L,D% t0<-44 la|pytwnn $Ifgdkd+$$Ifl0L,D% t0<-44 la|pyt6wnn $IfgdkdV,$$Ifl0L,D% t0<-44 la|pyt67<ywnn $Ifgdkd-$$Ifl0L,D% t0<-44 la|pytyzwnn $Ifgdkd-$$Ifl0L,D% t0<-44 la|pyt wnn $Ifgdkd.$$Ifl0L,D% t0<-44 la|pyt wnn $IfgdkdR/$$Ifl0L,D% t0<-44 la|pyt !!wnn $Ifgdkd0$$Ifl0L,D% t0<-44 la|pyt!!!!wnn $Ifgdkd0$$Ifl0L,D% t0<-44 la|pyt!!S&T&h}h`ih5CJOJQJaJh`ihCJOJQJaJ!!!."ull $Ifgdkd1$$IflP0L,D% t0<-44 la|pyt."/"8" #wnn $IfgdkdR2$$Ifl0L,D% t0<-44 la|pyt #!#+##wnn $Ifgdkd3$$Ifl0L,D% t0<-44 la|pyt###J$wnn $Ifgdkd3$$Ifl0L,D% t0<-44 la|pytJ$K$Z$$wnn $Ifgdkd4$$Ifl0L,D% t0<-44 la|pyt$$$$wnn $IfgdkdN5$$Ifl0L,D% t0<-44 la|pyt$$$%wnn $Ifgdkd 6$$Ifl0L,D% t0<-44 la|pyt%%%R&wnn $Ifgdkd6$$Ifl0L,D% t0<-44 la|pytR&S&T&wukd7$$Ifl0L,D% t0<-44 la|pyt21h:p/ =!"#$% $$If!vh52 55#v2 #v#v:V l0-652 55/ apyt$$If!vh52 55#v2 #v#v:V l0-652 55/ apyt$$If!vh52 55#v2 #v#v:V l0-652 55/ apyt$$If!vh52 55#v2 #v#v:V l0-652 55/ apyt$$If!vh52 55#v2 #v#v:V l0-652 55/ apyt$$If!vh52 55#v2 #v#v:V l0-652 55/ apyt$$If!vh52 55#v2 #v#v:V l0-652 55/ apyt$$If!vh52 55#v2 #v#v:V l0-652 55/ apyt$$If!vh52 55#v2 #v#v:V l0-652 55/ apyt$$If!vh52 55#v2 #v#v:V l0-652 55/ apyt$$If!vh52 55#v2 #v#v:V l0-652 55/ apyt$$If!vh52 55#v2 #v#v:V l0-652 55/ apyt$$If!vh52 55#v2 #v#v:V l0-652 55/ apyt$$If!vh52 55#v2 #v#v:V l0-652 55/ apyt$$If!vh52 55#v2 #v#v:V l0-652 55/ apyt$$If!vh52 55#v2 #v#v:V l0-652 55/ apyt$$If!vh52 55#v2 #v#v:V l0-652 55/ apyt$$If!vh52 55#v2 #v#v:V l0-652 55/ apyt$$If!vh52 55#v2 #v#v:V l0-652 55/ apyt$$If!vh52 55#v2 #v#v:V l0-652 55/ apyt$$If!vh52 55#v2 #v#v:V l0-652 55/ apyt$$If!vh52 55#v2 #v#v:V l0-652 55/ apyt$$If!vh52 55#v2 #v#v:V l0-652 55/ apyt$$If!vh52 55#v2 #v#v:V l0-652 55/ apyt$$If!vh52 55#v2 #v#v:V l0-652 55/ apyt$$If!vh52 55#v2 #v#v:V l0-652 55/ apyt$$If!vh52 55#v2 #v#v:V l0-652 55/ apyt$$If!vh52 55#v2 #v#v:V l0-652 55/ apyt$$If!vh52 55#v2 #v#v:V l0-652 55/ apyt$$If|!vh55D%#v#vD%:V l t0<-55D%/ a|pyt$$If|!vh55D%#v#vD%:V l t0<-55D%/ a|pyt$$If|!vh55D%#v#vD%:V l t0<-55D%/ a|pyt$$If|!vh55D%#v#vD%:V l t0<-55D%/ a|pyt$$If|!vh55D%#v#vD%:V l t0<-55D%/ a|pyt$$If|!vh55D%#v#vD%:V l t0<-55D%/ a|pyt$$If|!vh55D%#v#vD%:V l t0<-55D%/ a|pyt$$If|!vh55D%#v#vD%:V l t0<-55D%/ a|pyt$$If|!vh55D%#v#vD%:V l t0<-55D%/ a|pyt$$If|!vh55D%#v#vD%:V l t0<-55D%/ a|pyt$$If|!vh55D%#v#vD%:V l t0<-55D%/ a|pyt$$If|!vh55D%#v#vD%:V l t0<-55D%/ a|pyt$$If|!vh55D%#v#vD%:V l t0<-55D%/ a|pyt$$If|!vh55D%#v#vD%:V l t0<-55D%/ a|pyt$$If|!vh55D%#v#vD%:V l t0<-55D%/ a|pyt$$If|!vh55D%#v#vD%:V l t0<-55D%/ a|pyt$$If|!vh55D%#v#vD%:V l t0<-55D%/ a|pyt$$If|!vh55D%#v#vD%:V l t0<-55D%/ a|pyt$$If|!vh55D%#v#vD%:V l t0<-55D%/ a|pyt$$If|!vh55D%#v#vD%:V l t0<-55D%/ a|pyt$$If|!vh55D%#v#vD%:V l t0<-55D%/ a|pyt$$If|!vh55D%#v#vD%:V l t0<-55D%/ a|pyt$$If|!vh55D%#v#vD%:V l t0<-55D%/ a|pyt$$If|!vh55D%#v#vD%:V l t0<-55D%/ a|pyt$$If|!vh55D%#v#vD%:V l t0<-55D%/ a|pyt$$If|!vh55D%#v#vD%:V l t0<-55D%/ a|pyt$$If|!vh55D%#v#vD%:V l t0<-55D%/ a|pyt$$If|!vh55D%#v#vD%:V l t0<-55D%/ a|pyt$$If|!vh55D%#v#vD%:V l t0<-55D%/ a|pyt$$If|!vh55D%#v#vD%:V l t0<-55D%/ a|pyt$$If|!vh55D%#v#vD%:V l t0<-55D%/ a|pyt$$If|!vh55D%#v#vD%:V l t0<-55D%/ a|pyt$$If|!vh55D%#v#vD%:V l t0<-55D%/ a|pyt$$If|!vh55D%#v#vD%:V lP t0<-55D%/ a|pyt$$If|!vh55D%#v#vD%:V l t0<-55D%/ a|pyt$$If|!vh55D%#v#vD%:V l t0<-55D%/ a|pyt$$If|!vh55D%#v#vD%:V l t0<-55D%/ a|pyt$$If|!vh55D%#v#vD%:V l t0<-55D%/ a|pyt$$If|!vh55D%#v#vD%:V l t0<-55D%/ a|pyt$$If|!vh55D%#v#vD%:V l t0<-55D%/ a|pyt$$If|!vh55D%#v#vD%:V l t0<-55D%/ a|pyt$$If|!vh55D%#v#vD%:V l t0<-55D%/ a|pyt@`@ NormalCJ_HaJmH sH tH Z`Z  Heading 1$<@&5CJ KH OJQJ\^JaJ DA@D Default Paragraph FontRi@R  Table Normal4 l4a (k@(No ListT#4=>DEO{|}LMNW$n!Acdq*;L@^_l+UVWd.>?O L M [ g h i w  Q  D  & ' ( ) * + , - . / 0 1 Z [ \ ] l u v z " # 0 j k z no| !1KLVWXg)*8xy9:G67<yz ./8 !+JKZRSV00 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 000 0 000000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0DE|}MNcd^_VW>?L M h i & ' u v " # j k no !KLWX)*xy9:67yz./ !JKRSV00000000000000 000 0 000 0 000000000000000000000000000000000000000 0!000"0#000$0%000&0'000(0)000*0+000,0-000.0/000001000203000405000607000809000:0;000<0=000>0?000@0A000B0C000D0E000F0G000H0I000J0K000L0M000N0O000P0Q000R0S000T0U000V0W000X0Y000Z0[000\0]000^0_000`0a000b0c000d0e000f0g000h0i000j0k000l0m000n0o000p0q000r0s000t0u000v0w000x0y000z0{000|0}000~00000000000000000000000000000000 0000 00 MT&,UE M   c  ^ V>Lh &0"jn KW)x96y !!." ##J$$$%R&T& !"#$%&'()*+-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTVWXYZ[\]^T&>~nd?~np@~np V V9*urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttagsplace8*urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttagsCity9*urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttagsState # AHJNjoW^?Iq v 9 ? I V hozKYV1 Z V) \ SVI V V}a<#4=DEO{|}LMNW$n!Acdq@^_l+UVWd.>?O L M [ g h i w  Q  D & ' ) ] l u v z " # 0 j k z no| !1KLVWXg)*8xy9:G67<yz ./8 !+JKZRSV3@Y Y Y Y @{T@UnknownGz Times New Roman5Symbol3& z ArialA& Arial NarrowQF Edwardian Script ITC"qhCC77!r4EE2qHX)?2"BRAIN ANATOMY FUNCTION CHEAT SHEETWSFCS WorkstationWSFCS WorkstationOh+'0 0< \ h t$BRAIN ANATOMY FUNCTION CHEAT SHEETWSFCS WorkstationNormalWSFCS Workstation1Microsoft Office Word@G@Əc@R:d՜.+,0 hp  WSFCS7E' #BRAIN ANATOMY FUNCTION CHEAT SHEET Title  !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|~Root Entry F0v\dData `J81Table}HWordDocument4SummaryInformation(DocumentSummaryInformation8CompObjq  FMicrosoft Office Word Document MSWordDocWord.Document.89q