ࡱ> DFC- bjbj;@;@ J$Y*dY*d%Lpp))******8)+$M+$*9q+q+"+++$6$6$68888888:y=89*$65|$6$6$68))++ 8d8d8d8$6)+*+8d8$68d8d8*Td8+@o]X6Ld88809d8k>7Tk>d8k>*d8 $6$6d8$6$6$6$6$688d8$6$6$69$6$6$6$6k>$6$6$6$6$6$6$6$6$6p {(: Period and amplitude The period of a body undergoing simple harmonic motion can be shown to be independent of the amplitude of the motion. We will start by assuming an equation for T that depends on the force on the body F, its displacement x and its mass m. This can be written as: T = KFpxqmr where K is a constant. Using the method of dimensions to solve for p, q and r T = K(mx/F) and therefore if the period is to be independent of amplitude then x/F must be a constant. Therefore x is proportional to F, and since m is constant x is proportional to the acceleration. This is the definition of simple harmonic motion. Therefore for s.h.m. the period is independent of the amplitude, providing that the motion is not damped (see below). This motion is also known as isochronous motion. If the displacement at a time t is x1, then x1 is given by the formula x1 = r sin wt and the displacement at a time (t + 2p/w) is x2, where x2 = rsinw(t + 2p/w) = rsin (wt + 2p) = r sin wt cos 2 p +r cos wt sin 2p = r sin wt = x1 That is, the motion repeats itself after a time T where T = 2 p/w, and T is therefore the period of the motion:  Phase shift In both these proofs we have assumed that timing was started when the displacement of the body was zero, that is, that t = 0 when x = 0. If this is not the case then we have to introduce a phase shift (e) into the equations g    ! ' ( ) * + -   M N V X q r ɸɪɓzzzɇɪiZZLheCJOJQJ^JaJheCJH*OJQJ^JaJ he5CJOJQJ\^JaJheCJH*OJQJ^JheCJOJQJ^J heCJ he6CJOJQJ]^JaJheCJOJQJ^JaJ he6CJOJQJ]^JaJheCJOJQJ^JaJ)he5B*CJOJQJ\^JaJph%he5B*CJOJQJ\^Jph ! 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