╨╧рб▒с>■  DF■   C                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                ье┴'` Ё┐ъ4bjbjLULU 7B.?.?╡,4      дЖЖЖЖЖЖЖЪ▐ ▐ ▐ 8 * Ъш юR R h h h h ~ К g i i i i i i $╓h>nН Ж h h   Н ЖЖh h в ╟ ╟ ╟  dЖh Жh g ╟  g ╟ ╟ ЖЖ╟ h F А╔╫ї╦A╧▐ у @╟ g ╕ 0ш ╟ м# dм╟ мЖ╟ аТ "┤ ╟ ╠ р ЯТ Т Т Н Н З @Т Т Т ш     ЪЪЪD▐ ЪЪЪ▐ ЪЪЪЖЖЖЖЖЖ     Anyssa Schember Mr. Foster 4th Hour January 7, 2013 Plastic Surgery Almost every person in the world has been affected by some sort of surgery in their life, whether it was them or a family member. Plastic surgery is a common procedure, especially in the mid-20th and 21st centuries. It has been used to help victims of crashes and burns, people with cancer or other diseases, people who were born with a genetic defect, and people who have a feature that is wearing their body down physically. Various ages of people have been patients of plastic surgery over the years. The number of successful surgeries has become greater as well, along with the amount of money being put into the economy because of plastic surgery. Plastic surgery has brought peopleТs functions in their body back altogether before. Plastic surgery is beneficial to society because thousands of procedures have been performed that have helped people, and it can improve peopleТs physical, mental, and emotional health. Plastic surgery has become popular over the past century (Haiken). In fact, in 2009, it was reported that there were 9,993,711 total surgeries were performed to bring the numbers into perspective (УHow Many People Have Plastic Surgery Each Year?Ф). Plastic surgery is often called reconstructive surgery, which is when the body is reconstructed after some traumatic experience such as cancer or an accident. It can also be performed to fix someoneТs appearance after birth defects have altered their body. Aesthetic surgery, also called elective surgery, is plastic surgery that occurs to enhance someoneТs looks. Plastic surgery has been frowned uponЧboth in past and present-dayЧbecause it altered someoneТs appearance for reasons such as viability in the job market. Whether getting aesthetic or reconstructive plastic surgery, or a mixture of both, the surgery creates a feeling of comfort and confidence to the patient (УPenn Plastic Surgery: What Is Plastic Surgery?Ф). While creating a presumptuous atmosphere, plastic surgery is beneficial because thousands of procedures have been performed that have helped people in their daily lives. In 2009, 1,471,572 non-cosmetic surgeries were carried out. These are surgeries that were necessary such as reconstructive surgery after an accident (УHow Many People Have Plastic Surgery Each Year?Ф). These surgeries include burn victims, people who have suffered an accident, people with disease, people with cancer, or people who were born with a defect. Much of the time, people that have mastectomies will have to get reconstructive surgery done because of the nature of the surgery. One patient named Patti Manley, for instance, had to have a mastectomy performed. The procedure that took place after is known as a Tram Flap. УThe surgeon took muscles and fat from my abdomen and tunneled it under my skin to create the new breast. This was done at the same time as the mastectomy so that when I came out of surgery the new breast was thereФ (P. Manley, personal communication, December 10, 2012). The surgery lasted about ten hours, with an incision from hip bone to hip bone and a new breast to show for it. УRecovery for me was about 3 weeks before I could go back to work. I walked hunched over for a couple of weeks because the muscles that used to be in my abs were now in my breastФ (P. Manley, personal communication, December 10, 2012). She had to have outpatient surgery months later, and one final surgery, where they took fat from her hips and stomach to try to even her breasts out. УI would highly recommend the reconstruction,Ф Patti said, УI never allowed myself to think of anything but being 100% cancer free, so for me, the reconstruction is something I planned on doing all along.Ф Although it did not look appeasing for the longest time, she is now very satisfied with the results, as she does not have to think of herself as having cancer anymore, or look down to see the results of her cancer as a reminder. She hopes that women will continue to have breast exams, so if someone, like herself, ended up with the traumatic experience of cancer, they can solve the problem. УThe good news is with early detection, there is a 94% survival rate,Ф she said. This is just one of many examples that supports plastic surgery as being beneficial, because like Patti, several people will not have to change anything in their daily lives after seeking help. On the other hand, plastic surgery may not be beneficial because younger people are getting it done every year. In 2010, 219,000 cosmetic surgeries were carried out on people ages 13-19 (УPlastic Surgery for Teenagers Briefing PaperФ). This may seem successful at first, but teenagersТ bodies are still developing; they will continue to grow. If they receive plastic surgery when they are younger, the surgery has the potential of ending up not looking natural when their bodies fully develop. If they wait until they are older, the procedure looks of better quality because their bodies are matured (УWhat Are the Problems With Teenagers Getting Plastic Surgery?Ф). Depending on what kind of surgery they wish to get, it can get pretty pricy. For example, with surgeonТs fees, anesthesia fees, implant fees, and operating room fees, certain procedures can reach up to eight thousand dollars (УCost of Plastic Surgery in the U.S.Ф). Because more people are getting expensive operated on at a younger age before their bodies are fully-developed, plastic surgery might not be beneficial to society. However, plastic surgery is beneficial because although younger people are getting procedures done, if they or their parents are willing to pay for it, it can be a boost in the economy. Despite the fact that the economy is down, people still consider having plastic surgery performed. In fact, 53 percent of people in a survey said they would consider having facial plastic surgery despite the low economy. 95 percent of people in a survey said they wanted a longer-lasting treatment instead of one with immediate effect. It would cost more money to increase the interval of time (УFacing the EconomyФ). In 2011, 10.4 billion dollars was spent on plastic surgery. This is more money put into the economy, more than the GDP of certain smaller nations (Dicker). If the age of people getting plastic surgery is decreasing, there is that much more money going into the already down-trodden economy, which is another reason why plastic surgery is beneficial to society. Just as it improves the economy, plastic surgery is beneficial because it can improve peopleТs physical, mental, and emotional health. An example of improvement in physical health after plastic surgery is children who undergo cleft palate surgery. Cleft palate is one of the most common birth defects in the world today. "In addition to enhancing and improving feeding, eating, speech and hearing, repair of cleft lip and cleft palates offer children a sense of confidence and well-being" ("Cleft Lip/Palate Details"). Obesity poses a threat because it can lead to cardiovascular problems or several types of cancer, so a solution could be reached by performing liposuction. The size of breasts can affect both physical and mental health of people: causing back problems or lowering self-esteem because of size ("Plastic Surgery Solutions for Enhancing Physical and Mental Health."). In cases such as these, it seems like the proper solution to get plastic surgery performed to improve oneТs health. Another example is if someone is a burn victim or suffered an accident that left substantial scarring, they are expected to want to look normal again. No one would want to be put through a traumatic experience like that and not be allowed to get plastic surgery to repair their damaged appearance. For burn victims, there can be either permanent or temporary impairment to the function of the effected organs. If the impairment is temporary, having plastic surgery can help improve these functions, along with stopping the skin from tightening up (УCosmetic and Health Benefits of Cosmetic SurgeryФ). No one should have to live their lives being unhealthy or discriminated against because of how they look from a traumatic experience or genetic disorder, so plastic surgery is beneficial because it helps them achieve a more stable health and a sense of well-being. With this in mind, society is benefitted by plastic surgery because of its effects on peopleТs health, the economy, and the peopleТs emotions. If someone is born with a birth defect or they are suffering because some traumatic experience has left a permanent trace on their body, no one is going to deny them the right to get their body back to normal again. Hundreds of thousands of procedures have been sought out to help peopleТs physical, mental, or emotional health as well, which helps them reach a sense of comfort. Although younger people are getting plastic surgery done every year, this is filtering money back into the economy, especially with the amount of surgeries occurring. Plastic surgery has changed peopleТs lives, making them grateful for all their improved health and well-being, and it allows them to fit in with the rest of the world once and for all. Works Cited "Cleft Lip/Palate Details." Placid Way. PlacidWay, 2012. Web. 11 Dec. 2012. . "Cosmetic and Health Benefits of Burn Surgery." Online Surgery. HealthNews.org, 2012. Web. 09 Dec. 2012. . "Cost of Plastic Surgery in the U.S." Infoplasticsurgerycom. N.p., 1999. Web. 10 Dec. 2012. . Dicker, Ron. "Plastic Surgery Spending Is Up, As Number Of Chin Augmentations Surges." The Huffington Post. TheHuffingtonPost.com, 18 Apr. 2012. Web. 11 Dec. 2012. . "Facing the Economy." Aesthetic Surgery Journal (n.d.): n. pag. News Releases. ASAPS, 26 Sept. 2011. Web. 11 Dec. 2012. . Haiken, Elizabeth. "Venus Envy: A History of Cosmetic Surgery." Nytimes.com. The John Hopkins University Press, 1997. Web. 09 Dec. 2012. . "How Many People Have Plastic Surgery Each Year?" Juve Med Spa. Juve Med Spa, 2011. Web. 07 Dec. 2012. . "Plastic Surgery for Teenagers Briefing Paper." American Society of Plastic Surgeons. American Society of Plastic Surgeons, 2012. Web. 07 Dec. 2012. . "Plastic Surgery Solutions for Enhancing Physical and Mental Health." Mental Health RSS. Mental Health, 2012. Web. 11 Dec. 2012. . "Penn Plastic Surgery: What Is Plastic Surgery?" Penn Medicine. Penn Medicine, 2012. Web. 12 Dec. 2012. . "What Are the Problems With Teenagers Getting Plastic Surgery?" Essortment. Demand Media, 2011. Web. 09 Dec. 2012. .     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