ࡱ> Z\Y Nbjbj 52hh4^^8 4LH=^GGGGGGGILGGHBBBGBGBBsClGpڶ,|D*GH0LH ELMLMTGLMG BGGBLHLM^ g: Motorized Opportunities Book: Kirk, David. Miss Spiders New Car. Scholastic Press: New York. 1997. ISBN: 0-590-30713-4 Lesson Source: Self-Created Created for: Elm Tree Elementary, Bentonville, Arkansas, 4th grade, ECON 3053 By: Jennifer Hedrick, Matt Knoble, Paul McGowen, and Carrie Gray FOCUS: Overview: This lesson teaches students how to make decisions and the opportunity costs that accompany making those decisions. Students realize they give up something when they make a choice. Using the book Miss Spiders New Car by David Kirk, the students learn about Miss Spiders opportunity cost. Working in groups, students design a car using a decision-making process to determine car features. Students learn the decision-making process and the opportunity cost of their choice. Curriculum Alignment: Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics CONTENT STANDARD 1: Students will understand that productive resources are limited. Therefore, people cannot have all the goods and services they want; as a result, they must choose some things and give up others. GRADE 4: People make choices because they cannot have everything they want. Whenever a choice is made, something is given up. The opportunity cost of a choice is the value of the best alternative given up. GRADE 8: Choices involve trading off the expected value of one opportunity against the expected value of its best alternative. The evaluation of choices and opportunity costs is subjective; such evaluations differ across individuals and societies. CONTENT STANDARD 2: Students will understand that effective decision-making requires comparing the additional costs of alternatives with the additional benefits. Most choices involve doing a little more or a little less of something: few choices are all or nothing decisions. GRADE 4: A cost is what you give up when you decide to do something. A benefit satisfies your wants. Arkansas Social Studies Frameworks: STRAND 3: Content Standard 1: Demonstrate an understanding of economic terms, such as opportunity cost, bartering, scarcity, and production. Bentonville Frameworks: Define and apply economic terms. Draw conclusions based upon economic data. Rogers Curriculum Frameworks: Show understanding of the following economic terms: opportunity cost, trade-off-scarcity, and choice. PREPARE: Materials: Crayons Construction Paper Felt Tissue Paper Pipe Cleaners Miss Spiders New Car by David Kirk Pictures of Cars Scissors Glue Foil (Any other desired items for creating a car) Construct: Have pictures available of outrageous car designs for students to use as examples (also examples from the book). Sample Pictures from the Internet:  HYPERLINK "http://www.chevrolet.com/" http://www.chevrolet.com/  HYPERLINK "http://www.chrysler.com/" http://www.chrysler.com/  HYPERLINK "http://www.ford.com/" http://www.ford.com/  HYPERLINK "http://www.hummer.com/" http://www.hummer.com/  HYPERLINK "http://www.lamborghini.com/" http://www.lamborghini.com/ TEACH: Know: Ask students to tell about situations where they had to make an important decision. What did they give up? Did they regret their decision? Tell the students that you are going to read a book about a spider who had to make a decision. Activities: PART I Read Miss Spiders New Car by David Kirk. Miss Spider wants to go visit her mother, but she has no way of getting there. She decides to go out and buy a car. She visits many car dealerships, but by the end of the day, it is too late to get the one she wants. When she arrives home, she is surprised to see that her friends have bought the car for her. Go through the different types of cars that where examined in the book and name their multiple characteristics. Name all the different car dealerships that Miss Spider visited, and tell how she felt about each car that she got to test-drive. Help Miss Spider decide which car to choose. Make a grid on the board with alternatives and criteria for choosing a new car. Define opportunity cost. OPPORTUNITY COST: the next best thing; what was given up in order to get something else more valuable. Ask the students what Miss Spider gave up. Miss Spider only gave up the opportunity to buy one other car. Create a choice situation. Have each student decide and then identify the opportunity cost. EXAMPLE: After school, you get to choose between three snacks. You can have some pretzels, an ice cream cone, or an apple. Put the snacks in order of the one you would choose first to the one you would choose last. What is your choice? Which snack is your opportunity cost? Have students share a few examples of choices and opportunity cost. PART II Divide the students into groups of three or four. Have students choose a group leader. Ask each group to design a new car using all the materials provided. Have each group leader present their groups new car to the class. Ask each student to rate the cars; listing the one they would buy at the top, continuing in descending order. Have students share their choice and name the opportunity cost. CONNECT: Language/Writing: Have students write a story about the experience they would encounter if they were shopping for a new car. Mathematics: Incorporate cost into the decision-making process. Which one would be cheaper? How much would be saved? How could a person cut back on other expenses to afford a more expensive car? Geography: Miss Spider could go on a trip around the United States. Where would she go? What kind of people would she meet? What different cultures would she encounter?      PAGE 4 /D; ? 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