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: `? Y U = b @ @ 0 @ > ^ G G `? G A `? 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 Z@ Z@ 4 4 4 @ 4 4 4 4 G 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 : INFECTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL
NEW EMPLOYEE ORIENTATION OUTLINE
___ __ Hospitals Infection Prevention and Control Program is designed to protect patients, staff,
volunteers and visitors from healthcare associated infections. The primary reference for infection
prevention and control policies and procedures is the __ __ Hospital Infection Prevention and Control
Policy and Procedure Manual which is located _ ___.
INFECTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL PROGRAM PRIMARY INITIATIVES:
Hand Hygiene:
Hand hygiene is the most important infection prevention and control measure within the hospital. All staff in direct patient contact areas must:
Use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer OR antibacterial soap and water to routinely disinfect hands before and after having direct patient contact.
If hands are NOT visibly dirty, an alcohol-based hand sanitizer may be used to routinely disinfect hands.
Hand washing with soap, running water and friction for 15 seconds is required when:
Hands are visibly soiled or contaminated
Caring for a patient with Clostridium difficile associated disease (CDAD); C.difficile can be spread by spores which cannot be eradicated with alcohol hand sanitizers.
Specific times to perform hand hygiene include:
Before patient contact
After patient contact
Before performing clean and aseptic procedures
After removal of gloves
Whenever hands are contaminated
Before donning sterile gloves
Before eating
Staff providing direct, hands-on care to high-risk patients may NOT wear artificial fingernails, nail wraps or extenders.
Bloodborne Pathogens:
Bloodborne pathogens are viruses, such as Hepatitis B or C and HIV,that can potentially be spread to others through exchange of body fluids. This can include:
Body Fluids:
Blood
Semen
Vaginal secretions
Urine
Non-fixed (hardened and preserved) tissues and other body fluids
Note: OSHA prohibits staff from eating and drinking in patient care areas or any area where blood or body fluids are handled. This includes exam, treatment, procedure and patient rooms, labs, EMS areas and nursing stations.
Potential Routes of Exposure:
Needlesticks
Punctures or cuts from dirty sharps or blades
Direct contact of infected blood or body fluids with broken skin
Touching dirty surfaces (like furniture, faucets and equipment)
Splashing infected fluids in eyes, nose and mouth
Direct patient care activities:
Starting IV lines
Giving injections
Collecting blood specimens
Doing anything that cuts through the skin
Suturing
Suctioning
Indirect patient care activities:
Handling dirty linens
Emptying sharps containers
Handling biohazardous waste
Processing/handling laboratory specimens
Environmental cleaning
Repairing patient care equipment
Symptoms of New Infection:
Viral bloodborne pathogen infections usually present with symptoms similar to the flu, i.e., fever, headache, body ache, fatigue, GI upset
Standard Precautions:
All blood and body fluids have the potential to transmit viruses. Therefore, all patients must be treated as if they are infectious. Handle all patients using Standard Precautions.
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
All PPE (gowns, gloves, masks, shoe covers) must be removed immediately before leaving the patient treatment area, including:
Operating Room
Cardiac Cath Lab, GI, EP labs
Isolation rooms
Clinical Laboratory
Transmission-Based Precautions:
In addition to Standard Precautions, further measures are taken when patients are suspected of having organisms that could be spread in ways other than in blood or body fluids.
Airborne Infection Isolation:
Designed to prevent infection by airborne germs spread by inhalation
Diseases requiring Airborne Isolation are TB, chickenpox, diphtheria
Requirements include private room with negative air pressure, N95 respirators
Contact Precautions:
Designed to prevent transmission of organisms that are spread by contact with infected patients or contaminated items
Examples of diseases requiring Contact Precautions are multiple resistant organisms, i.e., MRSA (colonize or infected), VRE, non-contained large draining wounds, lice, scabies
Requirements include private room when indicated, gloves when entering the room, gowns and masks for direct patient care
Note: Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) requires soap and water hand washing because alcohol hand sanitizer is ineffective for C.dif spores. Additionally, bleach-containing disinfectant must be used for equipment and environmental cleaning.
Droplet Precautions:
Used to prevent the spread of germs contained in large airborne droplets.
Examples of diseases requiring droplet precautions are pneumonia caused by resistant organisms, influenza, meningitis or measles.
Requirements include private room, gowns and gloves, surgical-grade masks and other PPE as indicated.
Biohazardous Waste Management:
The following are some of the items that are treated as biohazardous waste:
Suction canisters
Clinical Laboratory and OR waste
Sharps
Items containing visible liquid blood
Un-drained urine drainage bags
Specimens, including non-fixed tissues
All biohazardous containers must:
Have a red bag liner
Have an attached lid
Be appropriately labeled
Be foot operated if outside of a designated biohazard waste storage area
Employee Health:
Employee Health is located __in the Fitness Center or Human Resources office_.
All exposures should be immediately reported to supervisor and Employee Health
Work restrictions
Annual health assessments
Other Topics:
Clostridium difficile
HIV/AIDS
MRSA
Tuberculosis
VRE
Nursing and Clinical Staff Specific
IC Tips-Regulatory Readiness
Disinfection of Patient Care Items
Signs of Infection
Patient Transportation
Bundles and Healthcare Associated Infections
Preventing Needlesticks
Diseases and Other Organisms
PAGE
INFECTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL - NEW EMPLOYEE ORIENTATION OUTLINE (continued)
PAGE
PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT 5 of NUMPAGES \* MERGEFORMAT 5
Reference #1302 Infection Prevention and Control PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT 1 of NUMPAGES \* MERGEFORMAT 5 MCN Healthcare (800) 538-6264
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