%PDF-1.4 % 2 0 obj << /Length 6126 >> stream BT /TT2 1 Tf 10.0063 0 0 10.0063 495.2693 58.8727 Tm 0 0 0 rg /GS1 gs 0.0007 Tc 0 Tw (277 )Tj /TT4 1 Tf 11.9906 0 0 11.9906 256.2803 745.764 Tm 0.0012 Tc (21)Tj 7.9937 0 0 7.9937 268.2992 751.2633 Tm 0.0009 Tc (st)Tj 11.9906 0 0 11.9906 274.0819 745.764 Tm 0.0003 Tc 0.0003 Tw ( Bled eConference )Tj -0.2151 -1.1513 TD 0 Tw (eCollaboration: )Tj -9.5083 -1.1513 TD -0.0004 Tw (Overcoming Boundaries through Multi-Channel Interaction )Tj /TT2 1 Tf 10.9984 0 0 10.9984 235.7575 705.257 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw (June 15 - 18, 2008; Bled, Slovenia )Tj ET 111.912 686.888 399.855 -2.239 re f BT /TT4 1 Tf 18 0 0 18 211.8331 649.8397 Tm 0.0001 Tc -0.0002 Tw [(A)54.6( Conceptual Framework )]TJ -0.6079 -1.148 TD [(for)17.2( Business Model Resear)18.8(ch )]TJ 10.0063 0 0 10.0063 278.9008 603.9185 Tm -0.0001 Tc -0.0006 Tw (Susan Lambert )Tj /TT2 1 Tf 9.0142 0 0 9.0142 239.9811 581.3546 Tm -0.0007 Tc 0.0015 Tw (University of South Australia, Australia )Tj 2.2547 -1.1478 TD 0 Tw (susan.lambert@unisa.edu.au )Tj 10.0063 0 0 10.0063 113.3858 541.7263 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj /TT6 1 Tf 11.9906 0 0 11.9906 113.3858 528.3467 Tm 0.0003 Tc (Abstract )Tj /TT2 1 Tf 10.0063 0 0 10.0063 113.3858 516.4413 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj 0 -1.1501 TD -0.0002 Tc 0.0755 Tw [(The business model concept is useful in analysi)]TJ 19.5439 0 TD 0.0002 Tc 0.0739 Tw [(ng and communicating the essence of a bus)4.1(iness, )]TJ -19.5439 -1.1473 TD -0.0002 Tc 0.0691 Tw [(and for predicting the implications of electronic co)]TJ 20.7677 0 TD 0.0001 Tc 0.0679 Tw [(mmerce on an existing business. As useful as)4( )]TJ -20.7677 -1.1501 TD -0.0001 Tc 0.174 Tw [(the concept is, there is a lack of consensus am)]TJ 19.9433 0 TD -0.0002 Tc 0.1743 Tw [(ong researchers on the definition of a bus)3.7(ines)3.7(s)3.7( )]TJ -19.9433 -1.1501 TD -0.0001 Tc -0.0012 Tw (model, and on the constructs of the business model. )Tj 0 -1.1473 TD 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj 0 -1.1501 TD 0.0001 Tc 0.1808 Tw [(The aim of this paper is to propose a conceptu)]TJ 20.0935 0 TD -0.0001 Tc 0.1807 Tw [(al framework for business model research that )]TJ -20.0935 -1.1501 TD -0.0002 Tc 0.2375 Tw [(provides a basis for theory development and de)]TJ 20.5609 0 TD -0.0001 Tc 0.2364 Tw [(bate. Without such a conceptual framework )]TJ -20.5609 -1.1473 TD 0.0079 Tw [(business model research will progress in an ad hoc )]TJ 20.5921 0 TD 0.0002 Tc 0.0066 Tw [(fashion and be directed )]TJ 9.5807 0 TD 0.0076 Tw [(by the immediate needs )]TJ -30.1728 -1.1501 TD -0.0002 Tc -0.0012 Tw (of individual researchers. )Tj T* 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj 0 -1.1473 TD -0.0001 Tc 0.2423 Tw [(The financial reporting conceptual framework )]TJ 19.8924 0 TD 0 Tc 0.241 Tw [(developed over many years by the accounting )]TJ -19.8924 -1.1501 TD -0.0002 Tc 0.299 Tw [(profession, is)3.7( used as a mould for the hierar)]TJ 19.8499 0 TD -0.0003 Tc 0.2991 Tw [(chically structured, business model conceptual )]TJ -19.8499 -1.1501 TD -0.0002 Tc 0.0222 Tw [(framework that is the subject of this)]TJ 14.5099 0 TD 0.0001 Tc 0.0214 Tw [( paper. In addition the notion of )]TJ /TT8 1 Tf 13.3626 0 TD 0.019 Tw [(primacy of concept)]TJ /TT2 1 Tf 7.7025 0 TD 0.022 Tc 0 Tw [( i)22.2(s)23.1( u)20.6(s)23.1(e)21.1(d)20.6( t)25(o)23.4( )]TJ -35.5751 -1.1473 TD -0.0002 Tc -0.0005 Tw (determine the business model elements and architecture. )Tj 0 -1.1501 TD 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj T* -0.0001 Tc 0.0221 Tw [(It is envisaged that the business model conceptual)]TJ 20.1133 0 TD 0 Tc 0.0216 Tw [( framework will guide future research and that it )]TJ -20.1133 -1.1473 TD -0.0001 Tc 0.2419 Tw [(will be reviewed and refined, just as the fina)]TJ 19.6714 0 TD -0.0004 Tc 0.2421 Tw [(ncial reporting conceptual framework has been )]TJ -19.6714 -1.1501 TD 0.0001 Tc -0.0015 Tw [(reviewed and refined over decades)4(.)0.8( )]TJ T* 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj /TT6 1 Tf 11.9906 0 0 11.9906 113.3858 284.5673 Tm 0.0004 Tc (Keywords:)Tj /TT2 1 Tf 10.0063 0 0 10.0063 174.7276 284.5673 Tm 0.0001 Tc 0.0402 Tw [( bus)4(iness model, primacy of concept, co)]TJ 16.289 0 TD -0.0002 Tc 0.042 Tw [(nceptual framework, ecommerce, financial )]TJ -22.4193 -1.1898 TD -0.0001 Tc -0.0006 Tw (reporting conceptual framework )Tj 0 -1.1501 TD 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj 0 -1.1473 TD ( )Tj /TT6 1 Tf 11.9906 0 0 11.9906 113.3858 236.2649 Tm -0.0001 Tc (Introduction )Tj /TT2 1 Tf 10.0063 0 0 10.0063 113.3858 224.3593 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj 0 -1.1501 TD -0.0001 Tc 0.0443 Tw [(The business model is an abstract concept with many)]TJ 21.6261 0 TD [( facets. It describes the implementation of a )]TJ -21.6261 -1.1473 TD 0.0001 Tc 0.0299 Tw [(business concept and is used for mu)]TJ 14.5694 0 TD -0.0002 Tc 0.0307 Tw [(ltiple purposes by different us)3.7(ers.)]TJ 13.4674 0 TD 0.0002 Tc 0.0292 Tw [( It is thought by some that a )]TJ -28.0368 -1.1501 TD -0.0001 Tc 0.2786 Tw [(business might succeed or fail depending on its)]TJ 20.8555 0 TD 0 Tc 0.2792 Tw [( business)3.9( model. Business consultants and )]TJ -20.8555 -1.1501 TD 0.1518 Tw [(academics use the term business model to descri)]TJ 20.4164 0 TD 0.1514 Tw [(be the operations and business concepts of an )]TJ -20.4164 -1.1473 TD 0.0345 Tw [(entity and despite its vagueness, the business mo)]TJ 20.068 0 TD -0.0002 Tc 0.0349 Tw [(del concept has become a pertinent notion in the )]TJ -20.068 -1.1501 TD -0.0003 Tc -0.0018 Tw (managerial vocabulary \(Tikkanen, )Tj 14.3144 0 TD -0.0002 Tc -0.0005 Tw (Lamberg et al. 2005, p.789\). )Tj -14.3144 -1.1501 TD 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj 0 -1.1473 TD 0.1036 Tw [(The business)3.9( model concept became prominent duri)]TJ 21.4448 0 TD 0.0001 Tc 0.104 Tw [(ng the dot com boom of the late twentieth )]TJ -21.4448 -1.1501 TD -0.0004 Tc 0.0699 Tw [(century. It is not that business models did not exist )]TJ 21.5241 0 TD -0.0002 Tc 0.0696 Tw [(before this time it is just that the notion was )]TJ -21.5241 -1.1501 TD 0.0002 Tc 0.1598 Tw [(yet to be conceived. 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Th)]TJ 21.7932 0 TD -0.0002 Tc 0.3054 Tw [(e subject of this paper is the conceptual )]TJ -21.7932 -1.1473 TD -0.0001 Tc -0.0006 Tw (framework; the modelling paradigm is)Tj 15.3796 0 TD -0.0002 Tc -0.0005 Tw ( the subject of future research. )Tj -15.3796 -1.1501 TD 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj T* ( )Tj /TT6 1 Tf 11.9906 0 0 11.9906 113.3858 239.7798 Tm 0.0001 Tc 0.0013 Tw (The Need for a Business Model Conceptual Framework )Tj /TT2 1 Tf 10.0063 0 0 10.0063 113.3858 227.8743 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj T* 0.0001 Tc 0.006 Tw (The goals of a conceptual framewor)Tj 14.4334 0 TD 0.0063 Tw [(k are threefold. Firstly, to desc)]TJ 12.5269 0 TD 0.0002 Tc 0.0057 Tw [(ribe existing practice, secondly, )]TJ -26.9603 -1.1501 TD -0.0001 Tc 0.2827 Tw [(to prescribe future practice; and thirdly, to )]TJ 19.136 0 TD 0 Tc 0.2826 Tw [(define key terms and fundamental issues. The )]TJ -19.136 -1.1473 TD -0.0002 Tc 0.353 Tw [(conceptual framework should provide the basis )]TJ 21.272 0 TD 0 Tc 0.3534 Tw [(for future debate especially in relation to )]TJ -21.272 -1.1501 TD -0.0001 Tc 0.0065 Tw [(prescriptions for future practice and definitions of)]TJ 19.9688 0 TD -0.0002 Tc 0.0063 Tw [( key terms and fundamental issues \(Miller 1987\). )6.8( )]TJ -19.9688 -1.1501 TD 0.0752 Tw [(A conceptual framework aims to )]TJ 13.7224 0 TD -0.0003 Tc 0.0737 Tw [(broadly define a number of ke)]TJ 13.7734 0 TD 0.0761 Tw [(y terms and concepts that can )]TJ -27.4958 -1.1473 TD 0 Tc -0.0011 Tw [(be us)3.9(ed in identifying and debating the issu)]TJ 17.3456 0 TD -0.0021 Tw (es. \(Miller and Islam 1988, p.96\). )Tj -17.3456 -1.1501 TD 0 Tw ( )Tj 0 -1.1473 TD -0.0001 Tc 0.1317 Tw [(Given the state of business model research and )]TJ 20.0453 0 TD 0.0001 Tc [(the lack of consensus re)]TJ 10.0793 0 TD 0.0003 Tc 0.1321 Tw [(garding definitions and )]TJ -30.1246 -1.1501 TD -0.0002 Tc 0.066 Tw [(constructs of business models it seems appropriate )]TJ 20.9263 0 TD -0.0001 Tc 0.0663 Tw [(to apply the conceptual framework in a bid to )]TJ -20.9263 -1.1501 TD -0.0002 Tc -0.0005 Tw (progress the research. )Tj 0 -1.1473 TD 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET endstream endobj 12 0 obj << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text ] /Font << /TT2 4 0 R /TT6 6 0 R /TT8 7 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS1 8 0 R >> >> endobj 14 0 obj << /Length 8798 >> stream BT /TT8 1 Tf 10.0063 0 0 10.0063 286.9796 775.9531 Tm 0 0 0 rg /GS1 gs -0.0001 Tc -0.0015 Tw (A Conceptual Framework for Business Model Research )Tj ET 111.912 772.778 399.855 -0.482 re f BT /TT2 1 Tf 10.0063 0 0 10.0063 492.2929 70.3814 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj -37.8669 -1.1501 TD ( )Tj 38.1643 1.1445 TD (279)Tj -38.1643 67.6884 TD 0.1154 Tw [(The financial reporting conceptual framework es)]TJ 20.0935 0 TD [(tablished by the accounting profes)3.9(sion over the )]TJ -20.0935 -1.1501 TD 0.092 Tw [(past 30 to 40 years will be used as a basis for )]TJ 19.3796 0 TD -0.0004 Tc 0.0927 Tw [(this business model conceptual framework. Both )]TJ -19.3796 -1.1501 TD 0 Tc 0.0372 Tw (financial reporting and business modelling endeavou)Tj 21.3145 0 TD 0.0375 Tw [(r to communicate aspects of the business to a )]TJ -21.3145 -1.1473 TD 0.0001 Tc 0.0806 Tw [(wide and varied audience and the interes)4(t)0.3(s of a wi)]TJ 20.6912 0 TD 0.0002 Tc 0.0798 Tw [(de range of user groups )]TJ 10.0397 0 TD 0.0001 Tc 0.0803 Tw [(need to be considered )]TJ -30.7309 -1.1501 TD -0.0002 Tc 0.1237 Tw [(when developing practice guidelines and theory. It )]TJ 21.7252 0 TD 0 Tc 0.1235 Tw [(is reasonable then to expect that the theory )]TJ -21.7252 -1.1501 TD -0.0001 Tc 0.0294 Tw (development problems encountered by the accountin)Tj 21.272 0 TD 0.0001 Tc 0.0299 Tw [(g profession can serve as lessons for business)4( )]TJ -21.272 -1.1473 TD -0.0001 Tc 0.0631 Tw [(modelling and that benefits can be gained by a)]TJ 19.1048 0 TD -0.0003 Tc 0.0635 Tw [(dopting a conceptual framework along the lines of )]TJ -19.1048 -1.1501 TD 0 Tc -0.0016 Tw (the financial reporting c)Tj 9.5722 0 TD -0.0002 Tc -0.0005 Tw (onceptual framework. )Tj -9.5722 -1.1501 TD 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj 0 -1.1473 TD 0.0004 Tc 0.0028 Tw [(The next section des)4.3(c)-0.5(ribes the bui)]TJ 13.5949 0 TD 0.0047 Tw (lding blocks of the financial re)Tj 12.2663 0 TD 0 Tc 0.003 Tw (porting conceptual framework and )Tj -25.8612 -1.1501 TD -0.0003 Tc -0.0004 Tw (applies them to business modelling. )Tj T* 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj 0 -1.1473 TD ( )Tj /TT6 1 Tf 11.9906 0 0 11.9906 113.3858 596.2365 Tm 0.0003 Tc 0.0008 Tw (Financial Accounting and Its Relevance to the Business Model )Tj 0 -1.1513 TD (Problem Domain )Tj /TT2 1 Tf 10.0063 0 0 10.0063 113.3858 570.5262 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj 0 -1.1473 TD -0.0001 Tc 0.0669 Tw [(As early as the fifteenth century, financial transact)]TJ 20.6204 0 TD 0.0001 Tc 0.0672 Tw [(ions have been recorded according to the rules )]TJ -20.6204 -1.1501 TD -0.0004 Tc 0.13 Tw [(of cost-based, double-entry bookkeeping \(Henderson)]TJ 21.7535 0 TD -0.0001 Tc 0.129 Tw [(, Peirson et al. 1992\) and reported to users )]TJ -21.7535 -1.1501 TD 0.1361 Tw [(\(mostly owners of assets\) in a range of formats.)]TJ 20.1077 0 TD -0.0004 Tc 0.1378 Tw [( The financial informa)]TJ 9.762 0 TD -0.0002 Tc 0.1369 Tw [(tion assisted merchants, )]TJ -29.8697 -1.1473 TD 0 Tc 0.2502 Tw [(landowners, and others)3.9( to as)3.9(sess management )]TJ 20.0708 0 TD -0.0003 Tc 0.2507 Tw [(performance and to make)]TJ 10.9377 0 TD -0.0005 Tc 0.25 Tw [( decisions about the )]TJ -31.0085 -1.1501 TD -0.0001 Tc -0.0013 Tw (allocation of their scarce resources. )Tj T* 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj 0 -1.1473 TD -0.0001 Tc 0.0447 Tw [(Although the same cost-based, double-entry bookke)]TJ 21.0453 0 TD 0.0002 Tc 0.0444 Tw [(eping methods)4.1( are us)4.1(ed today, the complexity )]TJ -21.0453 -1.1501 TD -0.0002 Tc 0.3446 Tw [(of financial trans)3.7(actions)3.7( and markets has)3.7( incr)]TJ 20.1558 0 TD -0.0001 Tc 0.3433 Tw [(eased the problems associated with financial )]TJ -20.1558 -1.1473 TD -0.0002 Tc 0.1804 Tw [(reporting. 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It )]TJ -20.8442 -1.1501 TD -0.0003 Tc 0.2513 Tw [(provides an orderly, unified s)3.6(e)-1.2(t of concepts)3.6( )]TJ 19.7904 0 TD 0.2507 Tw [(on which to base financial reporting decisions )]TJ -19.7904 -1.1473 TD 0.1013 Tc 0 Tw [(\()100(F)102.2(A)101.1(S)102.2(A)103.9(C)102.6( 2)99.9(0)99.9(0)102.7(4)99.9(\))100(.)102( I)100(t)101.5( i)101.5(s)102.4( )100(a)100.4( c)100.4(o)99.9(h)102.7(e)100.4(r)102.9(e)100.4(n)102.7(t)101.5( s)102.4(y)99.9(s)102.4(t)101.5(e)100.4(m)100.1( o)99.9(f)100( i)104.3(n)]TJ 19.1898 0 TD -0.0001 Tc 0.1006 Tw [(terrelated objectives and fundamentals \(FASB, )]TJ -19.1898 -1.1501 TD 0 Tc -0.001 Tw (1997 cited in Deegan 2006 p.4\) and provides a basis )Tj 21.1813 0 TD -0.0001 Tc -0.0006 Tw (for debate of financial reporting requirements. )Tj -21.1813 -1.1501 TD -0.0003 Tc 0.3588 Tw [(Financial reporting pervades the business world )]TJ 21.5269 0 TD -0.0001 Tc 0.3582 Tw [(and is subject to legislative controls and )]TJ -21.5269 -1.1473 TD -0.002 Tw (accounting professional body standards. )Tj 0 -1.1501 TD 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj T* -0.0003 Tc 0.1271 Tw [(Like financial reports, business model reports aim )]TJ 21.1473 0 TD 0.1261 Tw [(to provide information useful to for decision )]TJ -21.1473 -1.1473 TD -0.0001 Tc 0.0381 Tw [(making by internal and external stakeholders. )]TJ 18.9802 0 TD 0.0001 Tc 0.0388 Tw [(Diverse business model us)4(ers stand to benefit from )]TJ -18.9802 -1.1501 TD -0.0003 Tc 0.1544 Tw [(a unifying business model conceptual framework ju)]TJ 21.6317 0 TD -0.0001 Tc 0.1532 Tw [(st as users of financial reports have gaine)4.7(d)1.3( )]TJ -21.6317 -1.1501 TD 0.0002 Tc -0.0023 Tw (from a FRCF. )Tj 0 -1.1473 TD 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj 0 -1.1501 TD -0.0002 Tc 0.1152 Tw [(The original FRCF will be used in this resear)]TJ 18.966 0 TD -0.0004 Tc 0.115 Tw [(ch even though it has undergone several revisions )]TJ -18.966 -1.1501 TD -0.0002 Tc 0.0331 Tw [(since inception. 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Osterwalder et al \(Ost)]TJ 19.3484 0 TD -0.0001 Tc 0.0273 Tw [(erwalder, Pigneur et al. 2005\) provide a structured )]TJ -19.3484 -1.1501 TD -0.0003 Tc 0.0585 Tw [(analysis of the elements of busi)]TJ 12.864 0 TD 0.058 Tw [(ness models and, drawing on this )]TJ 13.8612 0 TD 0.0584 Tw [(analysis along with reference to )]TJ -26.7252 -1.1501 TD 0 Tc 0.0951 Tw [(well recognised management literature develop a co)]TJ 21.3909 0 TD -0.0001 Tc 0.0957 Tw [(mprehensive collection of elements which is )]TJ -21.3909 -1.1473 TD -0.0014 Tw (referred to as the Business Model Ontology. )Tj 0 -1.1501 TD 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj T* 0.0271 Tw [(The conceptual framework provides an alternate ap)]TJ 20.7054 0 TD -0.0001 Tc [(proach to identifying business model elements. )27.7( )]TJ -20.7054 -1.1473 TD 0.016 Tw [(Rather than deriving an exhaustive list of elements)]TJ 20.4079 0 TD 0.0001 Tc 0.0158 Tw [( from the literature, the elements can be derived )]TJ -20.4079 -1.1501 TD -0.0002 Tc 0.0638 Tw [(from the conceptual framework itself. 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They are )]TJ -21.2125 -1.1501 TD -0.0011 Tw (provided by resources \(both human and other\))Tj 18.4873 0 TD -0.0002 Tc -0.0012 Tw (. Capabilies can be provided by an ally. )Tj /TT13 1 Tf -20.2861 -1.2181 TD 0 Tc 0 Tw <0078>Tj /TT12 1 Tf 0.4589 0 TD ( )Tj /TT10 1 Tf 1.3399 0 TD (Strategies)Tj /TT4 1 Tf 4.0538 0 TD (:)Tj /TT2 1 Tf 0.3343 0 TD 0.0001 Tc 0.0774 Tw [( These relate to all parts of the entit)]TJ 14.7819 0 TD -0.0002 Tc 0.0784 Tw [(y both at the Value Proposition level and )]TJ -19.17 -1.1501 TD -0.0004 Tc 0.0757 Tw [(the overall entity level. 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It is bot)]TJ 17.4136 0 TD 0.0087 Tw [(h deterministic and consequential of the Value )]TJ -17.4136 -1.1473 TD -0.0003 Tc -0.0004 Tw (Adding Processes. )Tj -3.5977 -1.1501 TD 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj T* -0.0003 Tc -0.0004 Tw (Together these elements explain how the business is)Tj 20.8924 0 TD -0.0002 Tc -0.0005 Tw ( configured to create the Value Proposition. )Tj -20.8924 -1.1473 TD 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj 0 -1.1501 TD ( )Tj /TT6 1 Tf 11.9906 0 0 11.9906 113.3858 139.1499 Tm 0.0003 Tc 0.0008 Tw (Operationals \(BMCF Level 4\) )Tj /TT2 1 Tf 10.0063 0 0 10.0063 113.3858 127.2727 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj T* -0.0002 Tc 0.0408 Tw [(The operational aspects of the business model refer )]TJ 21.0878 0 TD 0.0412 Tw [(to the rules and conventi)]TJ 9.9858 0 TD 0 Tc 0.0408 Tw [(ons that dictate when )]TJ -31.0737 -1.1501 TD 0.4072 Tw [(and how to recognise business model elemen)]TJ 20.4929 0 TD 0.4068 Tw [(ts and how to meas)3.9(ure them. 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Toge)]TJ 12.5524 0 TD -0.0002 Tc 0.0052 Tw [(ther, these elements constitute the )]TJ /TT8 1 Tf 13.7875 0 TD -0.0005 Tc 0.0055 Tw [(Basic Business Model )]TJ /TT2 1 Tf 9.034 0 TD 0.001 Tc 0.004 Tw (\(Figure 2\) )Tj -35.3739 -1.1473 TD -0.0002 Tc -0.0005 Tw (that depicts the business logic of the organisation. )Tj 0 -1.1501 TD 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj T* ( )Tj ET q 1 i 130.337 547.707 362.948 -234.142 re W* n 1 1 1 rg 130.337 547.707 362.806 -234.028 re f Q 0.31 0.506 0.741 rg 1 i 359.887 355.915 m 360.34 355.915 l 360.34 381.966 l 361.247 381.966 l 361.247 355.915 l 361.701 355.915 l 360.794 355.15 l f* 0.22 0.365 0.541 RG 1 J 0 j 1.008 w 8 M []0 d 359.887 355.915 m 360.34 355.915 l 360.34 381.966 l 361.247 381.966 l 361.247 355.915 l 361.701 355.915 l 360.794 355.15 l s 237.969 358.353 m 238.422 358.353 l 238.422 381.966 l 239.329 381.966 l 239.329 358.353 l 239.783 358.353 l 238.876 357.588 l f* 237.969 358.353 m 238.422 358.353 l 238.422 381.966 l 239.329 381.966 l 239.329 358.353 l 239.783 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Tw (which)Tj /TT8 1 Tf 2.4419 0 TD 0 Tc ( )Tj /TT2 1 Tf 0.2776 0 TD -0.0001 Tc 0.0277 Tw [(is consistent with what Gordijn refers to as the )]TJ /TT8 1 Tf 19.0991 0 TD 0.0001 Tc 0.0275 Tw [(Value View)4.2(point, )]TJ /TT2 1 Tf -32.7535 -1.1501 TD 0.0065 Tw [(focuses on the economic value object creation, di)]TJ 20.0935 0 TD -0.0005 Tc 0.0077 Tw [(stribution and consumption \(Gordijn 2002 p.33\) )]TJ -20.0935 -1.1501 TD -0.0001 Tc 0.1623 Tw [(although, unlike the )]TJ /TT8 1 Tf 8.7054 0 TD -0.0002 Tc 0.1638 Tw (Value Viewpoint)Tj /TT2 1 Tf 6.796 0 TD 0.0003 Tc 0.1605 Tw (, the )Tj /TT8 1 Tf 2.2946 0 TD -0.0004 Tc 0.1626 Tw (Basic Business Model)Tj /TT2 1 Tf 9.0906 0 TD 0.0003 Tc 0.1614 Tw [( does depict the )]TJ /TT8 1 Tf 7.1473 0 TD -0.0004 Tc 0.1612 Tw [(Value Adding)-4.6( )]TJ -34.034 -1.1473 TD -0.0001 Tc 0 Tw (Process)Tj /TT2 1 Tf 3.1643 0 TD 0.0244 Tw [( in its most abstract form. 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The )]TJ /TT8 1 Tf -26.0991 -1.1501 TD 0 Tc 0.0021 Tw [(Compr)3.9(e)-0.9(hensive Bus)3.9(i)0.2(ness Model, )]TJ /TT2 1 Tf 13.2776 0 TD -0.0002 Tc 0.0044 Tw [(similar to what Gordijn \(2002\) refers to as the )]TJ /TT8 1 Tf 18.6601 0 TD 0.0002 Tc 0.0048 Tw [(Process View)4.3(point,)]TJ /TT2 1 Tf 7.7281 0 TD 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj -39.6657 -1.1473 TD 0.1183 Tw [(depicts)3.9( the components of the )]TJ /TT8 1 Tf 12.779 0 TD -0.0001 Tc 0.1184 Tw (Value Proposition)Tj /TT2 1 Tf 7.4221 0 TD 0.0003 Tc 0.118 Tw [( and the )]TJ /TT8 1 Tf 3.7677 0 TD -0.0001 Tc 0.1169 Tw (Value Adding Processes)Tj /TT2 1 Tf 9.9518 0 TD 0.0001 Tc 0.1182 Tw [(. This view is )]TJ -33.9207 -1.1501 TD 0 Tc -0.0016 Tw (referred to as the )Tj /TT8 1 Tf 6.9943 0 TD -0.0003 Tc -0.0004 Tw (Comprehensive Business Model.)Tj /TT2 1 Tf 13.0142 0 TD -0.0007 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj -20.0085 -1.1501 TD 0 Tc ( )Tj 0 -1.1473 TD 0.1199 Tw [(The abstract view encapsulates the details and in)]TJ 20.3031 0 TD -0.0002 Tc 0.1206 Tw [(tricacies of the elements. Each element of the )]TJ /TT8 1 Tf -20.3031 -1.1501 TD 0.0002 Tc 0.1407 Tw [(Compr)4.1(e)-0.7(hensive Bus)4.1(i)0.4(ness Model)]TJ /TT2 1 Tf 13.051 0 TD -0.0002 Tc 0.143 Tw [( can be interrogated to various le)]TJ 13.9575 0 TD -0.0001 Tc 0.1429 Tw [(vels of detail. 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Both financial accounting and )]TJ -20.0652 -1.1473 TD -0.0002 Tc 0.1775 Tw [(business modelling serve multiple users with wi)]TJ 20.2776 0 TD -0.0001 Tc 0.1769 Tw [(de ranging needs and both disciplines provide )]TJ -20.2776 -1.1501 TD -0.0002 Tc -0.0005 Tw (information about economic entities to)Tj 15.4873 0 TD -0.0004 Tc -0.0003 Tw ( assist in decision-making. )Tj -15.4873 -1.1501 TD 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj 0 -1.1473 TD -0.0016 Tw (The areas for future research that have)Tj 15.3768 0 TD ( been identified in this paper are, )Tj /TT13 1 Tf -13.5779 -1.221 TD 0 Tw <0078>Tj /TT12 1 Tf 0.4589 0 TD ( )Tj /TT2 1 Tf 1.3399 0 TD -0.0003 Tc -0.0004 Tw (determine the necessary qualitative characte)Tj 17.6459 0 TD -0.0005 Tc -0.0009 Tw (ristics of business model elements )Tj /TT13 1 Tf -19.4448 -1.221 TD 0 Tc 0 Tw <0078>Tj /TT12 1 Tf 0.4589 0 TD ( )Tj /TT2 1 Tf 1.3399 0 TD -0.0001 Tc -0.0006 Tw [(establish bas)3.8(e)-1(s of recognition and meas)3.8(urement of business)3.8( model elements )]TJ ET endstream endobj 42 0 obj << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text ] /Font << /TT2 4 0 R /TT6 6 0 R /TT8 7 0 R /TT10 19 0 R /TT12 23 0 R /TT13 36 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS1 8 0 R >> >> endobj 46 0 obj << /Length 7788 >> stream BT /TT8 1 Tf 10.0063 0 0 10.0063 113.3858 775.9531 Tm 0 0 0 rg /GS1 gs 0.0003 Tc -0.0038 Tw [(Sus)4.2(an Lambert )]TJ ET 111.912 772.778 399.855 -0.482 re f BT /TT2 1 Tf 10.0063 0 0 10.0063 131.3858 58.8727 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj -1.7989 -0.0057 TD (288)Tj /TT13 1 Tf 1.7989 68.7677 TD <0078>Tj /TT12 1 Tf 0.4589 0 TD ( )Tj /TT2 1 Tf 1.3399 0 TD -0.0004 Tc 0.2915 Tw [(develop and refine of the )]TJ /TT8 1 Tf 11.6912 0 TD -0.0011 Tc 0 Tw (Basic)Tj /TT2 1 Tf 2.2181 0 TD -0.0008 Tc 0.2919 Tw [( and )]TJ /TT8 1 Tf 2.5241 0 TD -0.0003 Tc 0.2914 Tw [(Comprehensive Business Models)]TJ /TT2 1 Tf 13.7365 0 TD -0.0006 Tc 0.2907 Tw [( and to more)-4.3( )]TJ -30.17 -1.1501 TD -0.0003 Tc 0.4089 Tw [(adequately incorporate entity wide busine)]TJ 18.3428 0 TD 0.4093 Tw [(ss model elements such as organisation )]TJ -18.3428 -1.1501 TD 0 Tc -0.0021 Tw (structure and strategies. )Tj /TT13 1 Tf -1.7989 -1.221 TD 0 Tw <0078>Tj /TT12 1 Tf 0.4589 0 TD ( )Tj /TT2 1 Tf 1.3399 0 TD -0.0001 Tc 0.3228 Tw [(map existing ontologies and models onto )]TJ 18.5977 0 TD -0.0004 Tc 0.3249 Tw [(the BMCF to identify commonality and )]TJ -18.5977 -1.1501 TD -0.0001 Tc 0 Tw (differences. )Tj -3.5977 -1.1473 TD 0 Tc ( )Tj 0 -1.1501 TD 0.1324 Tw [(If the business model is to become an enduring )]TJ 20.2691 0 TD 0.1319 Tw [(and valued source of information for decision-)]TJ -20.2691 -1.1501 TD -0.0004 Tc 0.1551 Tw [(making, each level of the BMCF requires debate)]TJ 20.5099 0 TD 0.1555 Tw [( regarding its relevance, and then incremental )]TJ -20.5099 -1.1473 TD -0.0001 Tc -0.0013 Tw (development to increase its usefulness. )Tj 0 -1.1501 TD 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj T* 0.0003 Tc 0.1172 Tw [(This paper has proposed a framework for future re)]TJ 21.1076 0 TD -0.0001 Tc 0.1179 Tw [(search. A structured approach to identifying )]TJ -21.1076 -1.1473 TD 0 Tc 0.0495 Tw (and defining business model elements, )Tj 15.966 0 TD 0.0004 Tc 0.0493 Tw [(based on conceptual primacy of the )]TJ /TT8 1 Tf 14.745 0 TD -0.0002 Tc 0.0505 Tw [(value pr)3.7(oposition)]TJ /TT2 1 Tf 7.0708 0 TD (, has )Tj -37.7819 -1.1501 TD 0.0533 Tw [(been developed. All of the elements, and the conc)]TJ 20.3569 0 TD 0 Tc 0.0531 Tw [(eptual framework itself, require ongoing debate )]TJ -20.3569 -1.1501 TD 0.0003 Tc -0.001 Tw [(and tes)4.2(ting. )]TJ 0 -1.1473 TD 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj 0 -1.1501 TD ( )Tj /TT6 1 Tf 11.9906 0 0 11.9906 113.3858 560.2932 Tm 0.0002 Tc (References )Tj /TT2 1 Tf 10.0063 0 0 10.0063 113.3858 548.416 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj T* -0.0004 Tc 0.0733 Tw [(AASB, A. A. S. B. \(2004\): Framework for Prepar)]TJ 20.4844 0 TD 0 Tc 0.0712 Tw [(ation and Presentation of Financial Statements. )]TJ -16.8555 -1.1501 TD -0.0003 Tc -0.0004 Tw (In. \(Ed. 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Financial Accountin)Tj 18.4164 0 TD -0.0001 Tc -0.0013 Tw (g Standards Board, Norwalk, Connecticut. )Tj -22.0453 -1.1473 TD -0.0002 Tc 0.0273 Tw [(Tikkanen, H., Lamberg J.-A., Parvinen P., Kallunk)]TJ 20.5439 0 TD -0.0001 Tc 0.0263 Tw [(i J.-P. \(2005\): Managerial cognition, action and )]TJ -16.915 -1.1501 TD 0 Tc -0.0009 Tw [(the bus)3.9(i)0.2(ness model of the firm. Management Decision Vol,43 No.,5/6, 789. )]TJ -3.6289 -1.1501 TD -0.0002 Tc (Timmers, P. \(1998\): Business Models for Electronic)Tj 20.9292 0 TD -0.0003 Tc -0.0022 Tw ( Markets. Electronic Ma)Tj 9.711 0 TD -0.0005 Tc -0.0002 Tw (rkets Vol,8 No.,2, 3-8. )Tj -30.6402 -1.1473 TD -0.0002 Tc -0.0009 Tw (Weill, P., Vitale M. \(2001\): 'Place to Spa)Tj 16.4164 0 TD (ce.' \(Harvard Business School Press: Boston\) )Tj -16.4164 -1.1501 TD -0.0001 Tc 0.1887 Tw [(Zachman, J. \(1987\): A framework for informatio)]TJ 20.6742 0 TD -0.0003 Tc 0.1894 Tw [(n systems architecture. 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