ࡱ> 5@  *bjbj22 8XX "n8n8n8n8\8S4z:::::;< <*S,S,S,S,S,S,S$UR1X\PS'?;";'?'?PS::9eSCCC'?~::*SC'?*SCC#Cr,LT,M:n: nsxn8@^LM{S0SLXAX,M,M&XRMT<<C=|>$<<<PSPS4n8Bn8WHITE POWDERS ___/46 K LEVELS __ __ __ __ Name _________________ Objective: You will perform a series of tests to determine the characteristics of several unknown powders. You will use your test results to identify an unknown substance. Background Information: Jackson High School has a drug problem. Over the past year, illegal drugs have been seized from student lockers on 4 occasions. All of these illegal drugs are white powders that look remarkably like table salt. During a recent locker search, investigators collected several ziplock bags filled with a white powder. Before charges can be pressed on the suspect, you must figure out what the white powders are. You are a member of a forensic science lab team that has been sent to Jackson High School. A temporary lab facility has been prepared at the high school. The unknown white powders are waiting for you in the lab. You are to use simple tests to find out what each powder is. You will run tests on each of the white powders and record your results. Later you will compare these results with those from the tests run on the unknown powders collected during the locker seizures. Your results will allow the police to lay charges. Here is some information about the white powders found at Jackson High School. PowderSide EffectsPenaltyBrogaineA mild hallucinogen. First offense is probationRotaranA strong stimulant, causes addictionFirst offence is 1-3 years in prisonBarropA moderate depressant, addictiveFirst offence is 1-3 years in prisonLixoninA strong narcotic that causes addictionFirst offence is 5-10 years in prisonTable SaltThis was found in one students locker as a joke Materials: Each sample is in a plastic bag A Brogaine C Barrop Teaspoon Water B Rotaran D Lixonin Magnifying Glass Iodine solution E Table Salt Litmus Paper Acetic acid (Vinegar 4 Petri Dishes Biuret Solution PART A: Developing a Test for Each Powder DO NOT TASTE ANY POWDERS ! ! ! Use your test mat to work on. Test ONLY 1 POWDER at a TIME. Place a small amount of powder in each of the 4 boxes on your test mat (put 4 petri dishes, one in each square of your placemat.) Use toothpicks to mix the indicators with the powder. Be sure to rinse out completely each petri dish before moving onto the next powder. 1. Physical properties & pH box: Record the properties of the powder such as color, texture, crystal or powder. Add 3-5 drops of water. Test the pH with red and blue litmus paper. Red litmus will turn blue for a base. Blue litmus paper will turn red for an acid. No color change equals neutral. Test for conductivity using the conductivity meter, record if the light went on = yes or no light =no for conductivity of electricity. 2. Biuret test box: Add 3-5 drops of Biuret. If protein is present, it will turn purple. Record results in Table 1. 3. Iodine test box: Add 2-3 drops of Iodine. If starch is present, it will turn blue/black/purplish. Record results in Table 1. 4. Vinegar test box : Add 2 drops of Vinegar. If it fizzes, then CO2 has been released. Record results in Table 1. Group Member: ________________________________________________________________________ Observation Chart: Observations from tests done on white powders (___/25) Name of substancePhysical Properites & conductivitypHBiuret TestIodine TestVinegarA-Brogaine B-Rotaran C-Barrop D-Lixonin E- Table Salt  (If nothing happened write ND) Procedures: PART B: Identification of Unknown Substance Compare the results from Part B with those from Part A to figure out what substance the student had in their locker. Be CAREFUL! Your results will determine whether or not charges will be pressed against the student. Write down the locker number on the bag in the Chart Place a small amount of the sample on your placemat and observe its appearance with a magnifying glass. Describe what you see. Add a few drops of water and observe. Test for conductivity if available. Place teaspoon of the sample on your placemat. Add 10 drops of vinegar. Record what you see. Place teaspoon of the sample on your placemat. Add 10 mL of Biuret solution. Stir the mixture. Record what you see. Place teaspoon of the sample on your placemat. Add 10 drops of Iodine solution. Record what happens. Place teaspoon of the sample on your placemat. Add 10 drops of water. Record what happens, does it dissolve. Add litmus paper. Record the colour it turns. Observation Chart: Observations from tests done powder from locker (__/5) Magnifying GlassVinegarBiuretIodine SolutionpHUnknown Sample # ________   Questions: (____/ 16 mark) Describe one positive test from PART A for each of the 6 powders (__/6) _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ Which one of the illegal drugs did you examine in PART B? Explain how you decided. (___/ 3) ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ What penalty will the student serve? (___/1) __________________________________________________________________ Explain why forensic scientists must be very accurate when examining substances in the lab. (___ /3) ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Explain why you needed to do PART A of the lab before doing PART B. (___/ 3) ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ CriteriaLevel 1 (50-59%)Level 2 (60-69%)Level 3 (70-79%)Level 4 (80-100%)Thinking/Inquiry - inquiry skills Indicators of Success: Offers clear evidence of initiating and planning, performing and recording, analyzing and interpreting, and problem solving.Specific Criteria -application of skills and strategies -only selects appropriate skills and strategies required with much assistance and makes critical errors-selects with assistance and applies skills and strategies but makes a number of non-critical errors-selects and applies the appropriate strategies and skills without significant errors-selects and applies appropriate strategies and applies some in innovative waysApplication group work habits Indicators of Success: Worked together with your fellow group members to complete the activity.Specific Criteria -teamwork (e.g., communicating, delegating work and working together to completing the task )-works in group with limited appropriateness and effectiveness -contributes to the group with moderate appropriateness and effectiveness-contributes to the group with considerable appropriateness and effectiveness-contributes to the group with a high level of appropriateness and effectiveness Mystery Powder Lab: Table 1 : Results of Tests on Powders NOTE: The only correct answers on the flow chart are : gelatin, baking soda, salt, corn starch, & baking powder- the others are wrong answers placed to check student progress on flow chart usage. TestA Gelatin (Knox)B Baking SodaC SaltD Corn StarchE Baking PowderColorIvoryWhite White WhiteWhiteTextureanyanyanyanyanyCrystal / PowderCrystalPowderCrystalPowderPowderpHCan be Slightly AcidicBaseNeutralNeutralNeutralBiuretPurpleBlueBlueBlueBlueVinegarNoYesNoNoYesIodineNoNoNoBlackBlack TESTING PLACEMAT Place a dime sized amount in the center of the square. Physical Properties/pH Litmus Paper and magnifying glassBiuret Tests Add 2-3 drops of Biuret. Record if color changeIodine Test Add 2-3 drops of Iodine. Stir. Color change = Starch present *Safety : I stains and is poisonous*Vinegar Test Add 2 drops of Vinegar. Stir. 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