ࡱ> egd%` \1bjbj"x"x 4V@@\)| | | | 4 \s;!!!!!!!!:::::::$)<h>;!!!!!;!!-;"""! !!:"!:""z8:! ! @| "! 29:C;0s;J9\U?,!U?0:U?:L!!"!!!!!;;! !!!s;!!!!| |  Name _________________________________ PD __________ EVEN/ODD Drugs Facts About Drugs/Medicine Lesson 1 and 2 medicine a drug that people use to cure or treat certain health problems side effects unwanted and unneeded effects a medicine may have prescription a special order given by a physician or another qualified doctor for a certain medicine OTC medicines medicines that can be bought over the counter, without a prescription dosage the correct amount of a medicine to be taken at one time drugs any substance that changes how the mind or body works Drugs that can help people get well Medicine forms pills, syrups, powders, liquids, creams, sprays Can be swallowed, inhaled, or injected Ways they help Cure disease Make changes aspirin for fever, allergy injections, cough syrups Side effects unwanted and unneeded effects 2 kinds of medicine Prescription doctors decide how much and how long a medicine should be taken, prepared by pharmacist OTC medicine medicines that can be bought over the counter, no prescription needed, used for minor problems Using medicines safely Only use if a parent, guardian, or doctor tell you to do so Take the medicine exactly as directed no medicine abuse Ask yourself questions about OTC medicines What symptoms does it relieve? What is the dosage? How often should it be taken? What are the side effects? If you are experiencing side effects, stop taking the medicine and contact doctor Only take the medicine/prescription if it is intended for YOU!! Read the label how much, how often, date of expiration, side effects, patients name, doctors name Never mix drugs unless told to do so Drugs dont solve all problems water, sleep, eat right, exercise Drugs are unpredictable Body weight low body weight usually needs less of a drug than a larger person to feel the same effects Young people usually weigh less, 1 reason why some drugs are legal only for adults amount of a drug taken taking a larger amount at one time causes a strong reaction, small amounts cause a weaker reaction follow the instructions mood drugs can intensify your mood food having food in the stomach can decrease the strength of some drugs Allergies some people have allergies to certain drugs, causing unexpected and dangerous reactions to the drug Review What factors affect a persons reaction to drugs? What is the difference between OTC and prescription drugs? What are 3 things you can do to make sure you use medicine safely? What is the difference between medicine and drugs? Illegal Drugs - Lesson 3 stimulants drugs that speed up the circulatory and nervous systems depressants drugs that slow down the bodys systems narcotics strong drugs that slow down the heart, the brain, and the nervous system; they also stop the brain from sensing pain hallucinogens drugs that change the way a person senses the world flashback effects of a hallucinogen that come back long after the person has stopped taking the drug inhalants chemicals that have a drug-like effect when they are breathed fumes gases gateway drug is a drugs that introduces people to drug use, increasing the risk that they will try stronger drugs Drugs that are abused Stimulants Drugs that speed up the circulatory and nervous systems (heart beats faster, blood pressure goes up) Feel awake and active cause heart attacks, strokes, death Examples caffeine, nicotine Amphetamines very strong, legally prescribed Illegal amphetamines are made with dangerous chemicals signs of abuse enlarged pupils, trembling, nervousness, and loss of appetite, violence, dangerously high heart rate c. Cocaine 1. one of the most dangerous illegal stimulants 2. causes a pattern of very strong feelings high followed by a very depressed down physical and emotional dependence 3. To escape the low more cocaine is taken tolerance and dependence 4. Overdose is common, especially from crack 5. Death is due to heart muscle damage B. Depressants 1. Drugs that slow down the bodys systems 2. slow down brain and nervous system, slow down the heart and relax muscles, it becomes hard for the body to pump blood or get enough oxygen 3. Are available only by prescription for people who are upset or need to fall asleep 4. Examples - alcohol, tranquilizers, and barbiturates 5. Physical and emotional dependence a. tolerance builds quickly and so it is easy to overdose b. withdrawal from depressants are dangerous and may cause death, should be guided by a physician C. Narcotics/Opiates 1. slow down the heart, the brain, and the nervous system stop the brain from sensing pain 2. Prescription narcotics examples a. Codeine relieve pain or hard to control coughs b. Morphine pain relief after surgery, one of the strongest narcotics 3. Illegal narcotics a. Heroin most dangerous and life threatening 1. no medical use 2. never know the actual strength - often has other drugs/chemicals added 3. AIDS is commonly spread by people who inject the drug 4. strong physical and emotional dependence and high tolerance D. Hallucinogens 1. change the way a person senses the world and how messages are carried by the nerves to the brain 2. Examples a. PCP and LSD - illegal b. cause a person to see or hear things that arent there c. People who use have killed themselves doing things they normally wouldnt d. flashbacks - effects may last long after the person is done taking the drug, uncontrollable and frightening E. Cannabis - one of the most common drugs 1. made from the hemp plant (Cannabis sativa), nicknames pot, grass, bud, weed 2. marijuana (crushed or chopped dried leaves and flowers) and hashish (made from the sticky juice that comes from the plants flower) 3. can work like stimulants and then depressants or hallucinogens effects are never certain 4. usually smoked like a cigarette and harms the lungs, joint 5. THC the most harmful drug in cannabis 6. Hashish is more powerful and dangerous that marijuana 7. Will greatly harm the developing brain and reproductive cells of young people 8. make people nervous and raise their heart rate, increase risk of infections, hard time paying attention a. short term difficulty judging time and distance, memory loss b. long term damage the lungs, similar to tobacco, 5 joints = 7 packs of cigarettes 9. Gateway drug increases the risk of trying stronger drugs F. Inhalants 1. chemicals with strong fumes that people breathe 2. can cause forgetfulness, dizziness, headaches, nosebleeds, nausea 3. Damage the lungs, heart, brain, and liver may never recover and can cause death 4. Permanent organ damage is faster than most other abused substances and produce dependence sooner 5. Use of inhalants can cause death because people stop breathing within a few minutes or have heart attacks 6. Produce gases or fumes from liquid solvents, replacing the air in the lungs 7. Fumes pass from the persons lungs into their blood G. Anabolic steroids 1. drugs that are abused to build muscles 2. can be used legally when they are prescribed by a doctor 3. Cause fast weight gain and muscle growth, increase risk of stroke or heart attack, high blood pressure, tumors, acne, aggressive behavior, stunted growth 4. cause enlarged breast in men and genital shrinking 5. cause facial hair and deeper voice in women Review What are the dangers of sniffing inhalants? Why is marijuana especially harmful to young people? Drug Abuse/Addiction - Lesson 4 and 5 drug abuse the repeated use of any drug for the wrong reasons drug dependence a harmful condition in which a person has a physical or an emotional need to take a drug (or drugs). withdrawal stopping the supply of a drug on which a person is physically dependent; usually causes painful physical symptoms tolerance - the bodys ability to get used to amounts of certain drugs overdose a drug dose large enough to cause serious harm to the body medicine abuse taking a medicine without following the directions and safety guidelines misuse is the accidental incorrect use of a drug Effects of drug abuse Drug abuse is the repeated use of any drug for the wrong reasons Misuse accidental incorrect use of a drug Drug dependency physical or emotional need to take drugs Physical dependence the persons body needs the drug to feel normal each time the effects wear off, the person feels pain or becomes ill symptoms are caused by withdrawal of the drug change the way the mind works and people become unable to make healthy decisions Emotional dependence a person thinks he or she needs the drug taking the drug gives the person a false sense of well-being cannot stop thinking about the drug Tolerance get used to certain drugs and need larger and larger amounts to feel the original effects of the drug Withdrawal the bodys reaction to not having a drug that is usually present in the body Signs include headaches, chills, nausea, difficulty paying attention Drugs addiction is the failure to control ones use of a drug Best way to avoid drug addiction is to never start Recovery can be painful and dangerous due to change in body chemistry Often requires medical assistance Overdose cause serious harm to the body; pain, loss of coordination, and death Effects of an overdose depend on the drug and on the persons tolerance for that drug The same amount of a drug used by one person may be an overdose for another person Even for the same person, a certain amount of a drug can cause mild effects at one time and deadly effects at another time Why do some people abuse drugs? Many different reasons abuse on purpose, get rid of symptoms, take without following directions, take too much too often, take without talking to a doctor some know they are harming themselves, others dont know Some are pressured by their peers to take drugs harmless, fun, exciting, admired for doing so Short term wont happen to them Affects on people not taking the drugs Family and friends Some young people who are having trouble getting along at home or school may think they can take drugs to get away from their problems, but it only makes them worse Borrow or steal from family and friends - $100 a day for drugs Review What is the difference between misusing and abusing a drug? How can abusing drugs affect a persons friendships/relationships with family and friends? How does a person build tolerance to a drug? 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