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Hair/eye color, height/weight, age, gender, color of skin and sibling birth order. 2. What external or societal factors are often used to group people together and affect the way members of a group are seen or perceived? Religion, values, beliefs, economic level, lifestyle, profession, marital status, educational level and political affiliation. 3. What are values? Values are long-term appraisals of the worth of an idea, person, place, thing or practice held by individuals, groups or cultures. They impact attitudes and behavior. 4. Do beliefs differ from values? Explain. Yes. Beliefs are perceptions or assumptions that individuals or cultures maintain. These perceptions are based on past experiences, memories and interpretations, and influence how people act and interact with certain individuals or groups. They are not necessarily based on facts and are sometimes not as long-term as values. 5. Why would some people be reluctant to make eye contact with you? Based on culture, they may have been taught at an early age to show respect to someone of actual or perceived higher social or workplace status by not making direct eye contact. Instead they are taught to look down when speaking to such people. 6. When dealing with customers with a disability, how can you best help them? Make no assumptions about their abilities. Offer assistance, but do not presume that it is needed or welcomed. Treat people who have a disability with respect and follow the guidelines outlined in this chapter for assisting. 7. How can recognition of the cultural value of "importance of family" be helpful in customer service? In many cultures (e.g., Asian, Latin American, and Middle Eastern) you must build strong interpersonal relationships before focusing on business issues. Failure to do so negates the importance of people and could offend the customer. 8. What are some considerations for improving communication in a diverse environment? Avoid remarks or jokes that discriminate or offend Ensure language is inclusive Respect personal preferences when addressing people Use general terms Don't use terms that demean Use care with nonverbal cues 9. How can you effectively communicate with someone who has difficulty with the English language? Let your customer guide the conversation, be flexible, listen patiently, speak clearly and slowly, speak at a normal volume and tone, pause frequently, use standard English, avoid “Americanized” references, be conscious of nonverbal cues, paraphrase the person’s message, try writing your message, try another language, avoid sarcasm and humor, avoid saying “no,” avoid criticism, use questions carefully, use a step-by-step approach, keep your message brief, frequently check for understanding and keep smiling. 10. What are some techniques for effectively providing service to older customers? 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