ࡱ> dfc{ bjbjzz 9fttttt4 #j"""""""$w%)("t"tt"   Rtt" "  V!@D"f:! x""0 #!x(l(D"(tD"4 "" #( ::  Piagets Theory of Cognitive Development Cognitive Development: the ways in which thinking and reasoning grow and change. Name of StageApproximate AgeStage OneSensorimotor Birth ~2 years At this young age knowledge is tied to movements and objects in the environment (looking, hearing, touching, mouthing) in the beginning lacks Object permanence: awareness that objects continue to be when not perceived, hidden, will search for hidden objectsStage TwoPreoperational 2-6 years At this point logical thought is still lacking; limited ability to see things from more than one perspective (egocentric); acquire language and the ability to use symbols. Lacks Reversibility: the ability to work backwards through mental processes, undo Lack Conservation: the principle that a quantity remains the same despite changes in shapeStage ThreeConcrete operational 7-11 years In this stage the child understands arithmetic, conservation, reversabilityStage FourFormal operational 12-adulthood At this stage the ability to deal with abstract concepts, understand imagined realities and symbolism, solving hypothetical propositions Kohlbergs Theory of Moral Development This theory is based on peoples reasoning behind their decisions and can be broken down into 3 primary categories. Level Ages Description Preconventional Level0-6 Obey to either avoid punishment or to receive rewards. Reward could be something tangible or doing something that feel good or right (altruistic). The reference group is the self ultimately. Conventional Level7-12The ability to take others perspective and to uphold laws and rules because of the fact that they are laws and rules shape this stage. Actions may be motivated by social approval or to maintain social order.Postconventional Level13+ Will parallel formal operational abstract thinking. This stage allows someone to affirm agreed upon rights and ethical priciples, even in the case that these principles go against the law. Some may never reach this stage. (This stage has not been found to be universal in all cultures and all genders so is controversial.) Eriksons Stages of Psychosocial Development StageAges associated with stageWhat issues concern the child at this stage? Stage One Infancy- 1 year TrustversusMistrustIf needs are met, child develops a sense of trustStage Two 1-2 years AutonomyversusShameDevelops a need to do things for themselves or will doubt their abilitiesStage Three 3-5 years InitiativeversusGuiltInitiate and carry out tasks or feel guilty for not being independent (potty training?)Stage Four 6 to adolescence Industry (Competence)versusInferiorityGain pleasure form applying themselves or feel inferior (Do I have worth?)Stage Five Adolescence Teens-20sIdentiyversusIdentity ConfusionTesting roles and integrating to form a single identity or will be confused about selfStage Six Young adult 20s-early 40sIntimacyversusIsolationForming close, intimate relationships or feel socially isolatedStage Seven Middle adult 40s-60sGenerativityversusStagnationDevelop of sense of contribution to the world or feel lack of purposeStage Eight Late adult 60+Ego IntegrityversusEgo DespairHave I lived a full life? Satisfaction or failure? FREUDS STAGES OF PSYCHOSEXUAL DEVELOPMENT The development of id, ego, and superego. The road to healthy sexuality. Stage AgeDescription Oral  Infancy- ~18 moInfants please seeking is focused on the mouth. Freud ties all of these stages to underlying erotic pleasure seeking behavior. In a more general sense, oral stimulation at this stage is satisfying and soothing.  Anal  ~18 mo- 3 yearsInfants pleasure seeking is focused on processes of elimination (going to the bathroom). Child is learning to curb freedom and learn social control through toilet training  Phallic  3-6 yearsChildren start obtaining pleasure from their genital area. They become very aware of differences between boys and girls. This is a stage ridden with conflict according to Freud as children begin competing for the affections of the opposite sex parent. (Oedipus and Electra Complex) They beginning identifying with the same sex parent and taking on those characteristics.  Latency  ~6 pubertySexual desires are suppressed, and children begin to explore their world and learn new things, especially socially. Process of sublimation: redirecting sexual impulses into learning tasks.  Genital  AdolescenceSexual desires are renewed; individual seeks relationships with others. Giving pleasure is often as rewarding as receiving it. Freud believes that personality development is complete at the onset of this stage.  *+@} B C D V o T õ|n|_Qn__h}6GCJOJQJ^JaJh>*CJOJQJ^JaJhCJ OJQJ^JaJ h[btCJOJQJ^JaJhCJOJQJ^JaJh5CJ$OJQJ^JaJ$hCJOJQJ^JaJhCJOJQJ^JaJh6CJ aJ h6>*CJ aJ hOJQJ^Jh>*CJ0OJQJ^JaJ0h8>h>*CJ0OJQJ^JaJ0*+}~ $$Ifa$$If`gd}6G$a$  C bYYSSSSSS$If $$Ifa$kd$$Ifl\h98@ !0@84 layt}6G C D \SS $$Ifa$kd$$Ifl\h98@ !0@84 layt}6G$If U V b \S $$Ifa$kd$$Ifl\h98@ !0@84 layt}6G$If T U V b w y ' * + T U k o 䪛xqdUhCJdOJQJ\^JaJdh5OJQJ^JaJ0 h}6Gh}6Gh5CJ OJQJ^JaJ h56aJh6CJ\aJhCJ4OJQJ\^JaJ4h}6GCJOJQJ^JaJh>*CJOJQJ^JaJh5CJ$OJQJ^JaJ$hCJOJQJ^JaJhCJOJQJ^JaJhCJOJQJ^JaJb w x y Skd$$Ifl\h98@ !0@84 layt}6G$If $$Ifa$ \ZXXXkd<$$Ifl\h98@ !0@84 layt}6G$If * + T U e k o p 12 $$Ifa$gd}6G $Ifgd}6Ggd}6G ^`$a$ o 123FK59𵤓zl`QC2 h5CJ OJQJ\^JaJ hCJOJQJ^JaJh5OJQJ\^JaJ hOJQJ^JaJ hCJOJQJ^JaJhCJ aJ h56CJ0OJQJ^JaJ0 h56CJ0OJQJ^JaJ0 h}6G56CJ0OJQJ^JaJ0hCJOJQJ^JaJhCJdOJQJ\^JaJdhCJ0OJQJ\^JaJ0h}6GCJOJQJ\^JaJhCJOJQJ\^JaJ23@FKvjjjj $$Ifa$gd}6Gkd$$IflF<9 06    4 layt}6G/59:thhhhh $$Ifa$gd}6Gkd$$Ifl F<9 06    4 layt}6Gtrmmmrddd^$If $$Ifa$$a$kd+$$Ifl F<9 06    4 layt}6G 4kd$$Iflֈ K%!9064 la yt $$Ifa$"#)09k $$Ifa$gd $Ifgd !"#/0klvwz{klwx}   !ɾɣɓ׈zzɓzɾɓzɾɓɾɓhh}6GOJQJ\^Jhr OJQJ\^Jhh5OJQJ\^JhhOJQJ^JhhOJQJ\^JhOJQJ\^JhhOJQJ\^JhOJQJ\^Jhh5CJOJQJ^Jh5CJOJQJ^J0klvw=1111 $$Ifa$gdkd$$Iflֈ K%!9064 la yt1kd!$$Iflֈ K%!9064 la yt $$Ifa$gd k $$Ifa$gdklwx=1111 $$Ifa$gdkd) $$Iflֈ K%!9064 la yt $$Ifa$gd  !=1111 $$Ifa$gdkd1 $$Iflֈ K%!9064 la yt!)0C1kd9 $$Iflֈ K%!9064 la yt $$Ifa$gd $$Ifa$gdr $$Ifa$gd'(45<=ͽͲͽͽykZI h}{6>*CJ0OJQJ^JaJ0 h[bthCJ0OJQJ^JaJ0hCJ0OJQJ^JaJ0h}6GCJ0OJQJ^JaJ0hhOJQJ^Jhh5CJOJQJ^JhhOJQJ\^JhOJQJ\^Jhh5OJQJ\^JhhOJQJ\^Jhhr OJQJ\^Jhr OJQJ\^JhOJQJ\^J'(5==1111 $$Ifa$gdkdA $$Iflֈ K%!9064 la yt=JQ\1kdI $$Iflֈ K%!9064 la yt $$Ifa$gd $$Ifa$gd $Ifgd=;66.$a$gd[bt$a$kdQ$$Iflֈ K%!9064 la ytFOkdY$$IflUF 2j& t 6PJ 06    44 layt8>h$J &P#$/If$a$ FbdefrsĶĶĶĶĶĶhhCJOJQJ^JaJhCJOJQJ^JaJhCJOJQJ^JaJhCJ OJQJ^JaJ hCJ OJQJ^JaJ h5CJ OJQJ^JaJ hCJ$OJQJ^JaJ$ h6>*CJ0OJQJ^JaJ0#Vkd$$IflF 2j& t 6PJ 06    44 layt$J &P#$/If cdefnVkd$$IflF 2j& t 6PJ 06    44 layt$J &P#$/If nopqrs}VkdX$$IflF 2j& t 6PJ 06    44 layt$J &P#$/If Vkd$$IflF 2j& t 6PJ 06    44 layt$J &P#$/If Vkd$$IflF 2j& t 6PJ 06    44 layt$J &P#$/If $a$gd}{7&P1h0/R = /!"#$% $$If!vh#v8#v@ #v#v!:V l0@8,585@ 55!/ /  / / /  / 4ayt}6G$$If!vh#v8#v@ #v#v!:V l0@8,585@ 55!/ / 4ayt}6G$$If!vh#v8#v@ #v#v!:V l0@8,585@ 55!4ayt}6G$$If!vh#v8#v@ #v#v!:V l0@8,585@ 55!4ayt}6G$$If!vh#v8#v@ #v#v!:V l0@8,585@ 55!4ayt}6G$$If!vh#v #v#v :V l06,5 54ayt}6G$$If!vh#v #v#v :V l 06,5 54ayt}6G$$If!vh#v #v#v :V l 06,5 54ayt}6G0$$If !vh#vW#vw #v#v#v?#v_:V l06,5/ / / / / / / / /  / 4a yt"$$If !vh#vW#vw #v#v#v?#v_:V l06,5/  / / / / / / /  / 4a yt$$If !vh#vW#vw #v#v#v?#v_:V l06,5/ / / / /  / / 4a yt$$If !vh#vW#vw #v#v#v?#v_:V l06,5/ / / / /  / / 4a yt$$If !vh#vW#vw #v#v#v?#v_:V l06,5/ / / / /  / / 4a yt$$If !vh#vW#vw #v#v#v?#v_:V l06,5/ / / / /  / / 4a yt$$If !vh#vW#vw #v#v#v?#v_:V l06,5/ / / / /  / / 4a yt$$If !vh#vW#vw #v#v#v?#v_:V l06,5/ / / / /  / / 4a yt$$If !vh#vW#vw #v#v#v?#v_:V l06,5/ / / / /  / / 4a yt$$If!vh#vj#v#v&:V lU t 6PJ 065j55&yt8>h$$If!vh#vj#v#v&:V l t 6PJ 065j55&yt$$If!vh#vj#v#v&:V l t 6PJ 065j55&yt$$If!vh#vj#v#v&:V l t 6PJ 065j55&yt$$If!vh#vj#v#v&:V l t 6PJ 065j55&yt$$If!vh#vj#v#v&:V l t 6PJ 065j55&yt^ 2 0@P`p2( 0@P`p 0@P`p 0@P`p 0@P`p 0@P`p 0@P`p8XV~_HmH nH sH tH @`@ NormalCJ_HaJmH sH tH 8@8  Heading 1$@&CJ>@>  Heading 2$$@&a$CJ(F@F  Heading 3$@&5CJOJQJ\L@L  Heading 4$$@&a$5CJOJQJ\F@F  Heading 5$@&5CJOJQJ\H@H  Heading 6 <@&5CJ\aJDA`D Default Paragraph FontVi@V  Table Normal :V 44 la (k (No List 2B@2 Body TextCJ 4>@4 Title$a$>*CJ(H@H [bt Balloon TextCJOJQJ^JaJN/!N [btBalloon Text CharCJOJQJ^JaJPK![Content_Types].xmlN0EH-J@%ǎǢ|ș$زULTB l,3;rØJB+$G]7O٭V$ !)O^rC$y@/yH*񄴽)޵߻UDb`}"qۋJחX^)I`nEp)liV[]1M<OP6r=zgbIguSebORD۫qu gZo~ٺlAplxpT0+[}`jzAV2Fi@qv֬5\|ʜ̭NleXdsjcs7f W+Ն7`g ȘJj|h(KD- dXiJ؇(x$( :;˹! I_TS 1?E??ZBΪmU/?~xY'y5g&΋/ɋ>GMGeD3Vq%'#q$8K)fw9:ĵ x}rxwr:\TZaG*y8IjbRc|XŻǿI u3KGnD1NIBs RuK>V.EL+M2#'fi ~V vl{u8zH *:(W☕ ~JTe\O*tHGHY}KNP*ݾ˦TѼ9/#A7qZ$*c?qUnwN%Oi4 =3N)cbJ uV4(Tn 7_?m-ٛ{UBwznʜ"Z xJZp; {/<P;,)''KQk5qpN8KGbe Sd̛\17 pa>SR! 3K4'+rzQ TTIIvt]Kc⫲K#v5+|D~O@%\w_nN[L9KqgVhn R!y+Un;*&/HrT >>\ t=.Tġ S; Z~!P9giCڧ!# B,;X=ۻ,I2UWV9$lk=Aj;{AP79|s*Y;̠[MCۿhf]o{oY=1kyVV5E8Vk+֜\80X4D)!!?*|fv u"xA@T_q64)kڬuV7 t '%;i9s9x,ڎ-45xd8?ǘd/Y|t &LILJ`& -Gt/PK! ѐ'theme/theme/_rels/themeManager.xml.relsM 0wooӺ&݈Э5 6?$Q ,.aic21h:qm@RN;d`o7gK(M&$R(.1r'JЊT8V"AȻHu}|$b{P8g/]QAsم(#L[PK-![Content_Types].xmlPK-!֧6 0_rels/.relsPK-!kytheme/theme/themeManager.xmlPK-!0C)theme/theme/theme1.xmlPK-! ѐ' theme/theme/_rels/themeManager.xml.relsPK] fT o &,C b 2kk!=n !"#$%'()*+-./0128@0(  B S  ?Ud.! ( = I F o q 3333BDVy z  5 <     bcefrs}}BDVy z  5 <    " _zd_xrxp~b%'<hh^h`CJOJQJo( ^`OJQJo(o hh^h`OJQJo( 88^8`OJQJo( ^`OJQJo(o   ^ `OJQJo(   ^ `OJQJo( xx^x`OJQJo(o HH^H`OJQJo(hh^h`CJOJQJo( ^`OJQJo(o hh^h`OJQJo( 88^8`OJQJo( ^`OJQJo(o   ^ `OJQJo(   ^ `OJQJo( xx^x`OJQJo(o HH^H`OJQJo(H88^8`CJOJQJo(H ((^(`OJQJo(oH   ^ `OJQJo(H   ^ `OJQJo(H ^`OJQJo(oH hh^h`OJQJo(H 88^8`OJQJo(H ^`OJQJo(oH ^`OJQJo(b%'xr_z                T        r }6G8>h[bt}{@    @Unknown G* Times New Roman5Symbol3. * ArialCLucida Bright;Architect5. *aTahoma?Wingdings 2?= * Courier New;WingdingsA$BCambria Math"qhCGCG. " "243QHX ?8>h2! xx (Piaget s Theory of Cognitive DevelopmentCRHS Trina Plummer   Oh+'0 0< \ h t ,Piagets Theory of Cognitive DevelopmentCRHSNormalTrina Plummer6Microsoft Office Word@m@dӱ@6Y@dӱ՜.+,D՜.+,X hp  KISD"  )Piagets Theory of Cognitive Development Title(V^vResource Type ContentType;#Academic;# Document  !"#$%&'()*+,-./012356789:;<=?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRTUVWXYZ\]^_`abeRoot Entry FLkgData 4S1Table>(WordDocument9fSummaryInformation(SDocumentSummaryInformation8[CompObjr  F Microsoft Word 97-2003 Document MSWordDocWord.Document.89q