ࡱ> bdaq`/bjbjqPqP4L::?'l<<<< ,T >h d>f>f>f>f>f>f>$M@hB>b#{ " b#b#><<>%%%b#<d>%b#d>%%z:6j< Iib$;=>0>4;6C$C,j<j<CX=x =!r%!\ "W >>% >b#b#b#b#         <<<<<<  Advantages and disadvantages of education of people with visual impairment in retrograde integration Focus: An overview of issues of integrated educations strengths and weaknesses Topic: The Light of the World Foundation as a special educational center Dr. Ibolya Sebestyen Director / Founder Light of the World Foundation Blics Integrated Educational Centre Pcs 7635 Blicsi u. 29. Hungary 0036 72310299 binok@vva.hu vva@vva.hu Education of disabled people if such people should be educated in a segregated or in an integrated way has been a question asked by professionals for decades. Some support the continuity of segregation and others think that social integration can be only granted in case of an early integration in education. We would like to present our own experience of 22 years in this field and processes that came as results of these experiences. The Light of the World Foundation was founded in 1987 as a private initiative of an ophthalmologist for the habilitation, rehabilitation and education of the visually impaired. At that time blinds were dealt with only in one school in Budapest and it was also the capital where there was a catholic institute dealing with a small number of multiple disabled and blind wards of the state. In our area (half of the country) there was no care for the visually impaired. In 1990 we founded the clinic that not only gave ophthalmologic healthcare to the ones living in the institute but also to the visually impaired and/or people with chronic eye disease applying from the whole country. In our institutes the pediatric, neurological, psychiatric care, and a psychologist, a speech therapist and a physiotherapist ensure the healthcare of our students and employees. Since 1990 when the Rehabilitation and Educational Center for Visually Impaired Children Kindergarden, Elementary School and Dormitory was started, the institute has been dealing with the habilitation, rehabilitation and education of visually impaired 3-6-year-old children in small groups. Developing of compensational mechanisms and educating for an independent life was always an important part in the work of the institutes of the Light of the World Foundation. As in Hungary there was not an institute which would take the responsibility for the education and vocational education of the visually impaired and as the further education of our students an unsolved problem, we founded the Special Rehabilitation Trade School for the Visually Impaired Young and Trade School in 1994 (the latter indicates the young people with other disabilities had also a place in our vocational program). At that time it meant the Light of the World foundation had already had 3 institutes which aimed to make a better life for the visually impaired. Table 1 Organization  SHAPE \* MERGEFORMAT  Both the medical (re)habilitation care, and small group education individual in several cases according to individual development plans were quite successful employing qualified professionals. We have regularly employed art teachers in the vocational training, whose work was helped by vocational trainers and assistants. We also have small group activities which result in high -quality workpieces coming out of the workshop which win excellent prizes (1st and 2nd prize) on exhibitions and competitions. More and more students have come who were dropped out and eliminated from other general educational schools. Our students compete as craftsman and not as disabled. During the past years more and more visually healthy students applied for our school, most of them for the vocational education (in which there was a gap in the whole country). At first mentally retarded then deaf and handicapped have come. A big group of these children are over 15 and have not managed to finish the elementary school, yet they are not disabled. These students are mostly dropped out because of home, social or drug problems. The Hungarian Government has started special catch up (remedial) courses which we also joined and in a speed-up system, and we make them finish the elementary school with a chance to learn a trade (vocation) catch up program. Students and parents often choose our school because of a chronic disease (exp. epilepsy, asthma, kidney problems, post-operational state after a brain-tumour), the big groups of the general schools and a psychic intolerance. The health care of multiple disabled children and a high-quality special vocational education which is in accordance with the school system, was put in the general educational program only in the last few years. The institutes of the Light of the World Foundation have undertaken this, this is why our school has developing pedagogical activities and skills developing special vocational training as well. Children with behaviour and/or mental development disorder and hyperactive children more and more often find us as general schools will not tolerate them. And there is a group of our students who have only chosen us expecting a better learning progress in their studies. Besides small groups activities, the basis of this is our school being well supplied by technical and human resources. In the latter the common 5-year project of the German Hungarian Government (1995-1999) plays a part, which helped to improve the life of the Hungarian people at disadvantage. (A basis of this was the opening of the Hungarian border in 1989 for the German Democratic Republic.) In this way we have obtained besides many-many quality handcraft instruments (weaving loom, potters wheel) a Braille printing machine, too, which meets every requirement in the fields of Braille script books. As a result of all these, our institute with 40 people at first has become an establishment system and the number of people has increased to 170 up to this day. With the fact that our school system has turned from an institute dealing with the visually impaired into a retrograde integrated institute we decided to take that juristic step and in September 2007 we founded the most complex and multifunctional educational institute of the southern-western part of the country, the Blics Integrated Educational Centre Kindergarden Elementary School Grammar School Trade School Dormitory and Basic Artistic Educational Institute. This integrates the previous primary and secondary educational institutes. Today in Hungary the view of the integrating tendency dominates among the leadership of the general education. However it is known that a lot of countries have already got over this. We think that this solution forced by life is a way easy to go, but it has its several difficulties. Our opinion is that to professionally not incidentally ensure with experience the special needs of handicapped people only a special institute is appropriate which has special instruments, knowledge and experience. Considering individual needs, multiplicity being taken as natural, the multiple demands of the education brings simple people closer to completeness better than general big class education. In my experience better knowledge, developed skills and abilities serve the final goal, the social integration much better. Mental trauma of handicapped children which is caused by a lack of a willingness of major society (children as well) for acceptance at least in Central-Eastern Europe must also be taken care of. I have several experiences about the positive changing of childrens self-pictures coming from a general school to a special school and vice versa. When choosing the vocations taught in the vocational school, the following point were taken in consideration: therapy through manual activities (different crafts, growing herbs) to help students to more technical information (business assistant, computer technique) vocations suitable for working at home being marketable Now we teach the following vocations recognized by the state: 3121502 folk crafts Sub educations: Pottery Waver (carpets / linen) 3154202 saddler Sub educations: Leather goods manufacturer 3162201 gardener Sub educations: Spice grower Herbs grower Garden worker 5234703 call service and electric customer service Sub educations: Operator Phone operator Receptionist Thus the first part of a complex rehabilitation was fulfilled in our institutes, but the third part, employment was missing, which was started in 2008. It is very important for us that we employ disabled people with quality. So they can work in their learned, quality and marketable jobs. It is not a third class job with automatic conveyor belts or simple sorting and our educated visually impaired students are not even postmen or couriers. Our on-line Lifestyle Help Center is also very important, which we also started in 2008. This is maintained by a group of visually impaired people. The members of this virtual group give the chance for good talks and provide information about laws and changes concerning the visually impaired, about their social, employment and educational possibilities. Companions with health problems are directed to the appropriate professionals. We also plan local vocational courses, club activities to bring the (in many cases) self-segregated people into the society. Complex rehabilitation: physician medical rehabilitation socialization education educational rehabilitation building social competencies job rehabilitation A result is the more and more complex and independent lifestyle, the possibly most complete social integration in which we try to give every help needed. Table 2 SWOT Analysis Strengths Weaknesses Opportunities Threats The social integration is simulated by the micro-environmentAdopting the vulgar and harsh style Strong influence of the not handicapped children Traumatic attitude of the behaviour disorder of a child Not handicapped children have empathy and acceptance  Thank you for your attention. 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