ࡱ> )+&'(@ abjbjצצ %vXZ& 4kkk84lDxl 4pp4pppqGr4{rRTTTTTT$R=xsqqs sxpp6N~N~N~sppRN~sRN~N~Ng'pp p,gkpt0DÝ<0Y*yY`44Y rLr6N~s,Eskrrrxx44?H#}^44HChapter 10: Behind the Scenes: Software Programming Multiple Choice: How many steps are in the systems development life cycle (SDLC)? 4 5 6 10 Answer: C Reference: System Development Life Cycle Difficulty: Easy The first step in the systems development life cycle (SDLC) is: Analysis. Design. Problem/Opportunity Identification. Development and Documentation. Answer: C Reference: System Development Life Cycle Difficulty: Easy Most modern software applications enable you to customize and automate various features using small custom-built miniprograms called: macros. code. routines. subroutines. Answer: A Reference: Understanding Software Programming Difficulty: Easy The organized process or set of steps that needs to be followed to develop an information system is known as the: analytical cycle. design cycle. program specification. system development life cycle. Answer: D Reference: System Development Life Cycle Difficulty: Easy How many steps are in the program development life cycle (PDLC)? 4 5 6 10 Answer: B Reference: The Life Cycle of a Program Difficulty: Easy The make-or-buy decision is associated with the ____________ step in the SDLC. Problem/Opportunity Identification Design Analysis Development and Documentation Answer: B Reference: System Development Life Cycle Difficulty: Easy In the Analysis phase, the development of the ____________ occurs, which is a clear statement of the goals and objectives of the project. documentation flowchart program specification design Answer: C Reference: System Development Life Cycle Difficulty: Moderate Actual programming of software code is done during the ____________ step in the SDLC. Maintenance and Evaluation Design Analysis Development and Documentation Answer: D Reference: System Development Life Cycle Difficulty: Moderate Enhancements, upgrades, and bug fixes are done during the ____________ step in the SDLC. Maintenance and Evaluation Problem/Opportunity Identification Design Development and Documentation Answer: A Reference: System Development Life Cycle Difficulty: Moderate The ____________ determines whether the project should go forward. feasibility assessment opportunity identification system evaluation program specification Answer: A Reference: System Development Life Cycle Difficulty: Challenging Technical writers generally provide the ____________ for the new system. programs network analysis documentation Answer: D Reference: Trends in IT: Considering a Career in Systems Development? Difficulty: Easy ____________ design and implement database structures. Programmers Project managers Technical writers Database administrators Answer: D Reference: Trends in IT: Considering a Career in Systems Development? Difficulty: Easy ____________ spend most of their time in the beginning stages of the SDLC, talking with end-users, gathering information, documenting systems, and proposing solutions. Systems analysts Project managers Network engineers Database administrators Answer: A Reference: Trends in IT: Considering a Career in Systems Development? Difficulty: Moderate ____________ manage the system development, assign staff, manage the budget and reporting, and ensure that deadlines are met. Project managers Network engineers Graphic designers Systems analysts Answer: A Reference: Trends in IT: Considering a Career in Systems Development? Difficulty: Moderate ____________ is the process of translating a task into a series of commands that a computer will use to perform that task. Project design Installation Systems analysis Programming Answer: D Reference: The Life Cycle of a Program Difficulty: Easy Debugging is: creating program code. finding and correcting errors in the program code. identifying the task to be computerized. creating the algorithm. Answer: B Reference: The Life Cycle of a Program Difficulty: Moderate Translating the problem statement into a series of sequential steps describing what the program must do is known as: coding. debugging. creating the algorithm. writing documentation. Answer: C Reference: The Life Cycle of a Program Difficulty: Moderate Translating the algorithm into a programming language occurs at the ____________ step of the PDLC. Debugging Coding Testing and Documentation Algorithm Development Answer: B Reference: The Life Cycle of a Program Difficulty: Easy The problem statement should include all of the following EXCEPT: input. output. processing. storage. Answer: D Reference: Describing the Problem: The Problem Statement Difficulty: Moderate The problem statement includes the ____________, which lists specific input numbers a program would typically expect the user to enter and precise output values that a perfect program would return for those input values. testing plan error handler IPO cycle input-output specification Answer: A Reference: Describing the Problem: The Problem Statement Difficulty: Moderate The ____________ should include error-handling, which describes what a program would typically do if the input data is incorrect. algorithm problem statement flowchart programming language Answer: B Reference: Describing the Problem: The Problem Statement Difficulty: Moderate An algorithm is a: computer program. programming language. set of steps. problem statement. Answer: C Reference: Making a Plan: Algorithm Development Difficulty: Moderate Algorithms could be called: programs. problem-solving procedures. programming languages. input-output logic. Answer: B Reference: Making a Plan: Algorithm Development Difficulty: Challenging When dealing with complex problems, there are choices involved in developing the algorithm. These are called: outputs. problem-solving procedures. decision points. sequential lists. Answer: C Reference: Developing an Algorithm: Decision Making Difficulty: Moderate A decision point in an algorithm that can be answered in only one of two ways is called a ____________ decision. sequential loop complex binary Answer: D Reference: Developing an Algorithm: Decision Making Difficulty: Moderate A decision structure in an algorithm that produces a certain set of actions if the answer to the question is yes is a: sequence. loop. decision. condition. Answer: B Reference: Developing an Algorithm: Decision Making Difficulty: Challenging In an algorithm, a check to see whether a(n) ____________ is completed is known as a test condition. loop process sequence binary decision Answer: A Reference: Developing an Algorithm: Decision Making Difficulty: Moderate ____________ is the general term used for keywords in a programming language that allow programmers to control, or redirect, the flow of a program based on a decision. Test conditions Control structures Looping Binary decision points Answer: B Reference: Developing an Algorithm: Decision Making Difficulty: Moderate Pseudocode refers to text, organized like an outline, used to document the ____________. test condition. control structures. algorithm. flowchart. Answer: C Reference: Developing an Algorithm: Decision Making Difficulty: Easy A(n) ____________ provides a visual representation of the patterns in the algorithm. flowchart pseudocode diagram control structure initial value Answer: A Reference: Developing an Algorithm: Decision Making Difficulty: Easy ____________ is a systematic approach in which a problem is broken down into a series of tasks and subtasks. Object-oriented analysis Top-down design Problem definition Data processing. Answer: B Reference: Top-Down Design Difficulty: Moderate In the object-oriented methodology, categories of objects are called: methods. classes. modes. deviations. Answer: B Reference: Object-Oriented Analysis Difficulty: Challenging In the object-oriented analysis, categories of objects are identified as classes and classes are further defined by information or data and actions or: objects. inheritance. deviations. methods. Answer: D Reference: Object-Oriented Analysis Difficulty: Challenging In a flowchart, diamonds indicate that a ____________ decision or branching action will be performed. process sequential binary direction of flow Answer: C Reference: Figure 10.9: Standard Symbols Used in Flowcharts Difficulty: Moderate What generation of languages is the binary machine language of a CPU? first second third fourth Answer: A Reference: Categories of Programming Languages Difficulty: Easy Which of the following is a second-generation language? COBOL Assembly Fortran Machine Answer: B Reference: Categories of Programming Languages Difficulty: Moderate Which of the following is a third-generation language? COBOL Assembly SQL PROLOG Answer: A Reference: Categories of Programming Languages Difficulty: Moderate ____________ languages are also called high-level languages. Second-generation Assembly Third-generation Natural Answer: C Reference: Categories of Programming Languages Difficulty: Moderate ____________ is an example of a fourth-generation language. COBOL SQL Assembly Java Answer: B Reference: Categories of Programming Languages Difficulty: Moderate The ability of programmers to build an application without specifying an algorithm is characteristic of ____________-generation languages. second third fourth fifth Answer: D Reference: Categories of Programming Languages Difficulty: Moderate First-generation languages depend on the type of CPU and are sometimes referred to as: machine-dependent. high-level. natural. 2GL. Answer: A Reference: Categories of Programming Languages Difficulty: Easy Input and output items that programs manipulate are also known as: keywords. variables. symbols. data types. Answer: B Reference: Creating Code: Writing the Program Difficulty: Moderate Reusable components of a program are known as ALL of the following EXCEPT: procedures. subroutines. modules. data types. Answer: D Reference: Creating Code: Writing the Program Difficulty: Moderate ____________ refer(s) to the instructions programmers write in higher-level languages. Source code Subroutines Modules Procedures Answer: A Reference: Compilation Difficulty: Moderate The ____________ is the program that translates the source code directly into machine language. algorithm operating system RAM modeler compiler Answer: D Reference: Compilation Difficulty: Easy Files stored as *.com or *.exe on Windows systems are called ____________ programs. object code operating system executable interpreted Answer: C Reference: Compilation Difficulty: Moderate The ____________ translates source code into an intermediate form, line by line. interpreter operating system code editor debugger Answer: A Reference: Compilation Difficulty: Challenging If and else are keywords that represent a: binary decision. sequence. syntax rule. data type. Answer: A Reference: Dig Deeper: The Building Blocks of Programming Difficulty: Moderate ____________ are the specific words that have predefined meanings for a particular programming language. Keywords Data types Syntax rules Operators Answer: A Reference: Dig Deeper: The Building Blocks of Programming Difficulty: Moderate ____________ is the precise set of rules that define a particular programming language. Sequencing Object inheritance Syntax Compilation Answer: C Reference: Dig Deeper: The Building Blocks of Programming Difficulty: Moderate Fill in the Blank: Hiring someone outside the organization to develop a customized software product is referred to as ____________. Answer: outsourcing Reference: System Development Life Cycle Difficulty: Moderate The three components of Step 1 (The Problem Statement) of the Program Development Life Cycle are ____________, ____________, and ____________. Answer: Input/Output/Processing Reference: Describing the Problem: The ProblemDifficulty: Moderate ____________ are visual diagrams of a process. Answer: Flowcharts Reference: System Development Life Cycle Difficulty: Challenging A flowchart is a graphical representation of the steps and decision points in a(n) ____________. Answer: algorithm Reference: Developing an Algorithm: Decision Making Difficulty: Moderate A(n) ____________ continues to be performed until the test condition is no longer true. Answer: loop Reference: Developing an Algorithm: Decision Making Difficulty: Moderate ____________ are input and output items that the program will manipulate. Answer: Variables Reference: Creating Code: Writing the Program Difficulty: Moderate The keywords For and Next are used in a(n)____________. Answer: loop Reference: Dig Deeper: The Building Blocks of Programming Difficulty: Challenging ____________ are the coding symbols that represent the fundamental actions of the language, such as common algebraic/mathematic operations (+, -, *, /). Answer: Operators Reference: Dig Deeper: The Building Blocks of Programming Difficulty: Moderate ____________ describe the kind of data that is stored at each memory location. Answer: Data types Reference: Dig Deeper: The Building Blocks of Programming Difficulty: Challenging Programmers often insert ____________ into program code to explain the purpose of sections of code. Answer: comments (remarks) Reference: Creating Code: Writing the Program Difficulty: Easy Compilers translate source code directly into ____________. Answer: machine language Reference: Compilation Difficulty: Moderate A(n) ____________ program is the binary sequence that has been translated from source code by a compiler for use by the CPU. Answer: executable Reference: Compilation Difficulty: Moderate ____________ are violations of the strict, precise rules that define the programming language. Answer: Syntax errors Reference: Coding Tools: Integrated Development Difficulty: Moderate The process of running a program over and over to find errors and make sure the program behaves in the way it should is known as ____________. Answer: Debugging Reference: Debugging: Getting Rid of Errors Difficulty: Easy Prototyping is a form of ____________. Answer: rapid application development (RAD) Reference: Visual Basic Difficulty: Challenging A small model of what the final product will look like when it is finished is a(n) ____________. Answer: prototype Reference: Visual Basic Difficulty: Moderate A powerful programming language used for prototyping is ____________. Answer: Microsoft Visual Basic (VB) Reference: Visual Basic Difficulty: Moderate The ____________ introduces a standard way for software to interact through Web services. Answer: .NET Framework Reference: Visual Basic Difficulty: Challenging Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) uses special symbols called ____________ to present information on the Web. Answer: tags Reference: Web Applications: HTML/XHTML and Beyond Difficulty: Easy Active Server Pages (ASP) and Java Server Pages (JSP) are used to give Web sites ____________ capabilities. Answer: interactive Reference: Flash and XML Difficulty: Moderate ____________ is a language that, due to its object-oriented model, allows programmers to benefit from its large set of existing classes. Answer: Java Reference: Java Difficulty: Moderate ____________ is a markup language that enables designers to define their own data-based tags. Answer: Extensible Markup Language (XML) Reference: Flash and XML Difficulty: Moderate A(n) ____________ version of a product is what is distributed before commercial release to provide widespread testing opportunities. Answer: beta Reference: Finishing the Project: Testing and Documentation Difficulty: Easy Problems discovered after the commercial release of a program are generally addressed by downloadable software updates, also known as ____________. Answer: service packs Reference: Finishing the Project: Testing and Documentation Difficulty: Easy The acronym XML stands for ____________. Answer: Extensible Markup Language Reference: Flash and XML Difficulty: Moderate True and False: Programming is the process of translating a task into a series of instructions a computer will use to perform the task. Answer: True Reference: The Life Cycle of a Program Difficulty: Easy When using top-down design, programmers first identify all the categories of inputs that are part of the problem the program is trying to solve. Answer: False (object-oriented analysis) Reference: Object-Oriented Analysis Difficulty: Moderate In object-oriented analysis, reusability means programmers can reuse existing classes from other projects. Answer: True Reference: Object-Oriented Analysis Difficulty: Easy Lower-level languages offer portability. Answer: False (higher-level) Reference: Categories of Programming Languages Difficulty: Moderate BASIC, C, and Java are examples of third-generation languages (3GL). Answer: True Reference: Categories of Programming Languages Difficulty: Easy SQL is an example of a fifth-generation natural language. Answer: False (4GL) Reference: Categories of Programming Languages Difficulty: Easy When writing a program, each input and output item is known as a variable. Answer: True Reference: Creating Code: Writing the Program Difficulty: Moderate Sentences in programming code are known as operators. Answer: False (statements) Reference: Dig Deeper: The Building Blocks Difficulty: Challenging For and Next are known as keywords. Answer: True Reference: Dig Deeper: The Building Blocks Difficulty: Easy True and False are considered Boolean values. Answer: True Reference: Dig Deeper: The Building Blocks Difficulty: Moderate Code editing is the step whereby programmers actually type the code into the computer. Answer: True Reference: Coding Tools: Integrated Development Difficulty: Moderate A compiler translates the source code into an intermediate form, line by line, and each line is executed as it is translated. Answer: False (interpreter) Reference: Compilation Difficulty: Challenging HTML/XHTML is not actually a programming language, but instead uses a series of tags to modify the display of text. Answer: True Reference: Web Applications: HTML/XHTML and Beyond Difficulty: Easy Logic errors are also known as runtime errors. Answer: True Reference: Debugging: Getting Rid of Errors Difficulty: Easy Languages that allow a programmer to use the mouse to design scroll bars and buttons, while the code is written automatically, is referred to as rapid application development (RAD). Answer: False (visual programming) Reference: Windows Applications Difficulty: Moderate Matching: Match the following languages to their characteristics: I. C A. considered the most natural II. JavaScript B. database programming language III. SQL C. provides interactive Web capabilities IV. XML D. markup language for data structures V. PROLOG E. mixes high- and low-level features Answer: E, C, B, D, A Reference: Multiple locations in chapter Difficulty: Challenging Match the following acronyms to their description: I. IDE A. steps in software development II. 2GL B. popular Microsoft language III. JSP C. tool to support software development IV. SDLC D. supports database-driven Web software V. VB E. assembly language Answer: C, E, D, A, B Reference: Multiple locations in chapter Difficulty: Challenging Match the following terms to their appropriate descriptions: I. source A. feature of object-oriented languages II. prototyping B. code written by the programmer III. inheritance C. alternative to flowcharts IV. compiler D. performs syntax checking V. pseudocode E. form of RAD Answer: B, E, A, D, C Reference: Multiple locations in chapter Difficulty: Challenging Match the following terms to their appropriate descriptions: I. variable A. input and output items that programs manipulate II. syntax B. a set of specific sequential steps III. operator C. a coding symbol representing a fundamental action of the programming language IV. coding D. programming rules V. algorithm E. translating an algorithm into a programming language Answer: A, D, C, E, B Reference: Multiple locations in chapter Difficulty: Moderate Match the following terms to their appropriate descriptions: I. nonprocedural A. executes on multiple platforms II. higher-level B. task-based design methodology III. portable C. languages appearing after Assembly IV. object-oriented D. feature of 4GLs V. top-down E. features reusable classes Answer: D, C, A, E, B Reference: Multiple locations in chapter Difficulty: Challenging Match the following languages to their level: I. C A. 5GL II. Assembly B. 4GL III. SQL C. 2GL IV. Machine D. 1GL V. PROLOG E. 3GL Answer: E, C, B, D, A Reference: Multiple locations in chapter Difficulty: Moderate Match the following languages to their characteristics: I. Machine A. a markup language that uses tags II. Visual Basic B. machine-dependent (depends on the type of CPU) III. HTML C. enables designers to define their own data-based tags IV. ASP D. often used to code prototypes in Windows applications V. XML E. used to build Web sites with interactive capability Answer: B, D, A, E, C Reference: Multiple locations in chapter Difficulty: Challenging Match the following acronyms to their description: I. PDLC A. prototyping is a form of this II. DBA B. a newer standard of HTML III. MIS C. the stages each programming project follows IV. RAD D. Management Information Systems V. XHTML E. a person who designs and implements database structures Answer: C, E, D, A, B Reference: Multiple locations in chapter Difficulty: Easy Match the following terms to their appropriate descriptions: I. compilation A. a precommercial release of software II. interpretation B. a set of steps that will take you from input to output III. beta C. a translation of source code, line by line, into an intermediate form IV. debugging D. translation of source code directly into machine language V. processing E. finding and repairing errors in program code Answer: D, C, A, E, B Reference: Multiple locations in chapter Difficulty: Moderate Match the following terms to their appropriate descriptions: I. feasibility assessment A. a clear description of what tasks the computer program must accomplish II. data flow diagrams B. determines whether the project moves forward III. problem statement C. in object-oriented languages, a new class can automatically pick up all of the data and methods of an existing class IV. testing plan D. lists specific input numbers users would typically enter into the program V. inheritance E. used to trace the flow of data in the SDLC Answer: B, E, A, D, C Reference: Multiple locations in chapter Difficulty: Moderate     Chapter 10: Behind the Scenes: Software Programming PAGE  PAGE 12 Copyright 2008 Prentice-Hall. All rights reserved. PAGE 1 Copyright 2008 Prentice-Hall. All rights reserved. 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