ࡱ> ?A> bjbj|| ..||,<z||||||$7dvzzGlRf0===h=| : Review Worksheet- Answer Key 1. What is matter? _____Anything that has mass and volume___________________ 2. What is a measure of how much matter an object is made of? _____Mass________________________________________________ 3. What is the smallest basic unit of matter? _____Atom________________________________________________ 4. What are the 4 states of matter? _____Solid, Liquid, Gas, Plasma______________________ 5. What does the Law of Conservation of Matter state? _____matter can neither be created nor destroyed_________ 6. If a solid becomes a liquid you must add energy. What is this process called?__Melting point_____________________________________ 7. If a liquid becomes a gas you must add energy. What is this process called?___evaporation______________________________________ 8. If a gas becomes a liquid you must remove energy. What is this process called?___condensation______________________________ 9. If a liquid becomes a solid you must remove energy. What is this process called?___freezing point_____________________________ 10. Describe the motion and arrangement of molecules in a liquid. _____definite volume but no definite shape, particles are close together but can slide freely past on another 11. Describe the motion and arrangement of molecules in a solid. ____definite shape and volume, particles are close together, they are fixed in place but can vibrate_____ 12. Describe the motion and arrangement of molecules in a gas. ___no fixed volume or shape, particles are farther apart and move freely in any direction 13. What is a molecule? ___group of atoms that are held together by covalent bonds so that they move as a single unit 14. What is an element? ___a substance that cannot be broken into a simpler substance by ordinary chemical changes, consists of atoms of only one type__________ 15. What is a compound? ____substance made up of two or more different types of atoms bonded together_ 16. What is a mixture? ___combination of two or more substances that do not combine chemically but remain the same individual substances 17. How are compounds separated? ____chemical means________________________________ 18. How are mixtures separated? _mixtures can be separated by physical means_____________________ 19. What two types of substances are considered "Pure substances?" ___1) elements, because it contains only a single type of atom or 2) a single combination of atoms that are bonded together______________ 20. A compound can have ___different_________properties from the individual elements that make it up. (Hint: think if the elements that combine to make water) 21. What are the 3 sub-atomic particles in an atom? ___proton, neutron, electron___________________ 22. What charge does each of the 3 sub-atomic particles carry? ___proton- positive, neutron-no charge, electron-negative______________ 23. What is the center of an atom? ___nucleus_______________________________________________ 24. What 2 sub-atomic particles are in the center of an atom? __proton and neutron________________________________________ 25. What sub-atomic particle is in a cloud traveling outside the center of an atom?____electron______________________________________ 26. An atom is mostly empty _space___________________________. 27. What is the Periodic Table? __a table of the elements, arranged by atomic number, that shows the patterns in their properties____ 28. What is the atomic number of an element? ____the number of protons__________________________________ 29. What is the atomic mass number? ___the total number of protons and neutrons in an atoms nucleus 30. What is a group on the periodic table? ____a column of elements with similar properties_______ 31. Why are elements arranged in a group? _____they have similar physical properties__________ 32. What is a period? ______a row on the periodic table, the elements in periods have the same number of electron shells 33. What happens to the atomic numbers in a period as you move from left to right on the periodic table? ____they increase by one___________________________ 34. What is a nonmetal? ___an element that is not a metal and has properties generally opposite to those of a metal 35. Where are nonmetals found on the periodic table? _____top right corner, to the right of the metalloids_ 36. What is a metal? ____an element that tends to be shiny, easily shaped, and a good conductor of electricity and heat_______ 37. Where are metals found on the periodic table? __left of metalloids _______________________________ 38. What is a metalliod? ____element that has properties of both metals and nonmetals_ 39. Where are metalliods found on the periodic table? _____staircase between metal and nonmetals_______________ 40. What are the capitalization rules for the elemental symbols? _____the first letter is always uppercase and if there is a second letter it is lowercase__ 41. Where do you find the noble gases on the periodic table and what do they have in common? ___Group 8; 8 valence electrons, not reactive w/ other elements 42. 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