ࡱ> !`  bjbj\\ >>TTTTTTThDdhD$Fhx5T"5TTJjTT[TT;t KE +[`03&6R&;&T; 0"55 hhhd hhhhhhTTTTTT AP Chemistry Chapters 1 and 2 AP Study Guide for Chapter 1 Students should be able to... Define chemistry Describe the HYPERLINK "http://www.nettrekker.com/results/?ctgry_id=X102134"difference between mass and weight Describe the HYPERLINK "http://www.nettrekker.com/results/?ctgry_id=X102136"difference between chemical and physical change Describe the HYPERLINK "http://www.nettrekker.com/results/?ctgry_id=X104128"difference between accuracy and precision Describe the five HYPERLINK "http://www.nettrekker.com/subject/?ctgry_id=X102137"states of matter, and give an example of each List the HYPERLINK "http://www.nettrekker.com/results/?ctgry_id=X104134"SI base units for length, mass, volume, time, and temperature List and convert using the HYPERLINK "http://www.nettrekker.com/results/?ctgry_id=X104134"SI prefixes: kilo-, centi-, milli-, micro-, and nano- Convert temperatures from and to degrees Celsius to Kelvin (add 273.15), or degrees Farenheit) Convert mass, length, and volume between the SI and English systems (2.54 cm = 1 inch, 454 g = 1 pound, .946 L = 1 quart) Calculate the density of a solid (mass / volume) Express numbers in HYPERLINK "http://www.nettrekker.com/results/?ctgry_id=X104133"scientific notation Express HYPERLINK "http://www.nettrekker.com/results/?ctgry_id=X104133"scientific notation in decimal form Compute numbers in HYPERLINK "http://www.nettrekker.com/results/?ctgry_id=X104133"scientific notation using a calculator Be familiar with the following terms: atom, HYPERLINK "http://www.nettrekker.com/subject/?ctgry_id=X102359"element, molecule, compound, HYPERLINK "http://www.nettrekker.com/subject/?ctgry_id=X102111"mixture, HYPERLINK "http://www.nettrekker.com/subject/?ctgry_id=X102114"homogeneous, HYPERLINK "http://www.nettrekker.com/subject/?ctgry_id=X102113"heterogeneous, HYPERLINK "http://www.nettrekker.com/results/?ctgry_id=X102133"extensive, intensive Decide if a digit in a number is "HYPERLINK "http://www.nettrekker.com/results/?ctgry_id=X104135"significant" HYPERLINK "http://www.nettrekker.com/results/?ctgry_id=X104135"Round answers to arithmetic problems to reflect the precision of the number AP Study Guide for Chapter 2 Students should be able to... Describe HYPERLINK "http://www.nettrekker.com/results/?ctgry_id=X104773"Dalton's atomic theory. Count protons, neutrons, and electrons in an HYPERLINK "http://www.nettrekker.com/results/?ctgry_id=X104774"isotope. Know properties of protons, neutrons, and electrons including: symbol, HYPERLINK "http://www.nettrekker.com/results/?ctgry_id=X104775"mass number, location, and relative charge. Describe the Rutherford experiment, and how it proved the existence of the nucleus. Describe the Millikan experiment. Write HYPERLINK "http://www.nettrekker.com/results/?ctgry_id=X104774"isotopes in hyphen notation and nuclear symbol notation. Define: HYPERLINK "http://www.nettrekker.com/results/?ctgry_id=X104771"atomic number, HYPERLINK "http://www.nettrekker.com/results/?ctgry_id=X104775"mass number, average atomic mass, group/family, period/series, HYPERLINK "http://www.nettrekker.com/subject/?ctgry_id=X102076"ionic bond, HYPERLINK "http://www.nettrekker.com/subject/?ctgry_id=X102070"covalent bond Know names of Group HYPERLINK "http://www.nettrekker.com/results/?ctgry_id=X102368"IA, HYPERLINK "http://www.nettrekker.com/results/?ctgry_id=X102369"IIA, HYPERLINK "http://www.nettrekker.com/results/?ctgry_id=X102373"VIIA, and HYPERLINK "http://www.nettrekker.com/results/?ctgry_id=X102378"noble gases; HYPERLINK "http://www.nettrekker.com/results/?ctgry_id=X102367"actinides and HYPERLINK "http://www.nettrekker.com/results/?ctgry_id=X102374"lanthanides Describe the formation of ions from atoms Know common HYPERLINK "polyion.htm"polyatomic ions Find the oxidation number (Roman numeral) of an element, either free or in a compound Write the name from the formula and write the formula from the name of these types of inorganics: binary ionic compounds, binary compounds composed of 2 nonmetals, ternary compounds, binary acids, and ternary acids How to Make a Linear Plot using Microsoft Excel (Microsoft Works works too!) To show a linear relationship using Excel, such as density, complete the following steps: 1. Enter the Y values in column A. 2. Enter the X values in column B. 3. Press the chart button in the toolbar, OR under Insert in the menu, select Chart. 4. Select plot type "XY scatter". Press . 5. Set the data range by selecting all the data. (Click in a corner and drag the mouse until all boxes are selected. Do NOT include the titles.) 6. Click on the Series tab. Make sure the proper X and Y values are selected. (If you put Y as column A and X as column B, this will be done automatically. If you switched the X and Y, re-select the values on this window.) For example, on a density plot the mass should be on the Y-axis, and volume on the X-axis. Press . 7. Fill in the titles. Don't forget to list the units! Press . 8. Press . 9. To draw a straight line thru the data, under Chart in the menu select "Add Trendline". 10. Select Linear. Press the Options tab. 11. If the plot is to go thru the origin, check the "Set Intercept" box, and enter 0 in the box. 12. To show the equation of the line (y=mx +b), check the "Show Equation" box. Press . 13. To change the scale to make the plot take up most of the space, right click on a gridline and select "format gridline". Enter the changes for the x or y axis as needed. Here is a sample density plot from class data obtained by an AP Chemistry class. To calculate the density column, enter the formula "= B2/A2" to divide the mass by the volume in the first box (C2). Click on that box, and drag down to the bottom of the data. Under the Edit menu, select "Fill" and "Down". The spreadsheet will automatically change the row numbers in the formula for each entry. 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