Mr. W’s AP Biology Study Questions - sciencemusicvideos

Mr. W's AP Biology Study Questions

To do list: 1. THINGS TO REMEMBER (Mnemonics) 2. links to your videos 3. Links to interactives 4. Pimsleurize. Do this just by adding an instruction to review Cornell notes for a particular unit.

Links to Mr. W's AP Biology Course Themes

Table of Contents

Unit 1: Course Themes and Evolution Chapter 1: Key Themes Chapter 22: Descent with Modification (and sexual selection)

Unit 2: The Stuff of Life Chapter 2: Basic Chemistry Chapter 3: Water and Life Chapter 4: Carbon and Functional Groups Chapter 5: Basic Biochemistry

Unit 3: Cells and Cell Membranes Chapter 6: Eukaryotic Cell Structure Chapter 7: Cell Membrane Structure and Function

Unit 4: Energy, Enzymes, and Cellular Respiration Chapter 8: Energy and Enzymes Chapter 9: Cellular Respiration

Unit 5: Cell Communication, Mitosis, DNA, and Molecular Genetics Chapter 11: Cell communication Chapter 12: The Cell Cycle Chapter 16: DNA Chapter 17: From Gene to Protein

Unit 6: Viruses, Bacteria, Genetic Engineering, and Genomics Chapter 19: Viruses Chapters 27 and 18 (selected topics): Bacteria and Bacterial Gene Regulation Chapter 20: Genetic Engineering Chapter 21: Genomics

Unit 7: Meiosis and Genetics Chapter 13 and Concept 15.4: Meiosis and Chromosomal Variations



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Chapters 14: Mendelian Genetics Chapter 15: Genes and Chromosomes Unit 8: Population Genetics, Speciation, Origin and Early History of Life, Cladistics Chapter 23: The Evolution of Populations Chapter 24: Species and Speciation Chapter 25: Origin and Early History of Life Chapter 26: Cladistics and Phylogenetics Unit 9: Eukaryotic Gene Expression and Development Chapter 18, Concepts 18.2, 18.3, 18.5: Eukaryotic Gene Expression Concepts 18.4, Chapter 47, Concept 25.5: Animal Development Unit 10: Animal Biology, Part 1: Homeostasis Chapter 40: Feedback Control, Thermoregulation, and Metabolism Chapter 43: The Immune System Chapter 45: Hormones and the Endocrine System Unit 11: Animal Biology, Part 2: Nervous System and Behavior Chapter 48: Neurons Chapter 49: The Brain Chapter 51: Animal Behavior Unit 12: Topics in Plant Biology Chapter 10: Photosynthesis Chapter 39: Plant Responses to Light Chapter 36: Transpiration and Water Transport in Plant Unit 13: Ecology Chapter 52, Concept 52.4: Species Distribution and Abundance Chapter 53: Population Ecology Chapter 54: Community Ecology Chapter 55: Ecosystems Chapter 56: Biodiversity

About note-taking

Note: As far as I'm concerned, the purpose of taking notes is to set up a study sheet. The goal of the study sheet is not to answer the questions. It's to set yourself up to know the answers to the questions. That's why you want to use a Cornell Notes format. Summarize the question, and put it in the left column. Then put your answers on the right side.

When you study, don't re-read the chapter, or your notes. Instead, do retrieval practice. While covering up the right side of the page, ask yourself the questions on the left side, and recite the answers. At the end of each section, chapter, and unit, ask yourself what you know, how it connects to what else you know, and how you can apply it to the biology that you experience every day (in your body, your garden, the news, etc.)



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Jump back to the top

Unit 1: Course themes, with a focus on evolution (Biology's key idea)

Chapter 1: Themes in the Study of Life

Before you read This chapter focuses on what biology is all about, and it will form a conceptual framework for much

of what follows throughout our course. We're also going to use it to introduce a reading strategy that will improve your ability to remember

what you read, and improve the quality of the concepts you develop from the reading. This strategy involves a) Writing down what you already know about a particular topic. b) Reading c) Coming back to what you wrote and reassessing your original concepts in light of what your just

learned. This might feel tedious, or even painful. But it's proven to improve the quality of your learning, and

make your learning more durable and nuanced. So, before you read, respond to the questions below. 1. What does it mean to be alive? How can you distinguish between living things and non-living things? 2. Living things are full of structures that carry out functions. Think of your teeth, set within your mouth,

hinged to your jaw, surrounded by lips and lined with tissues that secrete fluid. Think about how all of these combine to perform the function of chewing food before it's swallowed. How did these structures come about? 3. Think about yourself as a system. What are your inputs, outputs, processes, and boundaries? You can write this out as a short paragraph, or, even better, try to represent this as a simple diagram. Then do the same for a house plant, or a plant in your garden. 4. What do you know about cells? What are some of the cells that are in your body? Are all living things made of the same types of cells? 5. A key theme in biology is information flow. You obviously inherited genetic information from your parents. How does genetic information, encoded in DNA, work? How does it get passed from generation, and how does it influence bodies on an ongoing basis? 6. Read the Chapter Review at the end of the chapter. 7. Because we covered the entire chapter, please read all of the concept reviews. At the end of each concept review, there's a question. Spend a moment thinking about the answer. You don't have to write down an answer, but don't skip this step. Asking questions before learning is a proven strategy for enhancing memory. 8. Now read the chapter. Your job is to answer the questions below, using the Cornell Notes format described above.

Chapter 1 Overview: Properties of living things 1. Take the properties listed in figure 1.3, and apply it to yourself, your pet, a houseplant, etc. For example, if

applying these properties to yourself, how do you show evidence of order, response to the environment, evolutionary adaptation, reproduction, regulation, energy processing, and growth and development?

Concept 1.1: Campbell's Themes of Biology 2. What are emergent properties? List an example of an emergent property not found in the text.



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3. What is reductionism, and how is it different from holistic thinking? 4. What is a system? 5. List and describe the levels of organization found within living things, starting with the biosphere, and

working down to molecules. For each level find an example that is NOT shown in the text. 6. Systems have inputs and outputs. Study figure 1.5, and list the inputs of the acacia tree, and the outputs.

Now do the same with the elephant. 7. Read about the theme Life Requires Energy Transfer and Transformation. What are some of the energy

transformations that occur within you? What are some energy transformations that occur within the acacia tree shown in figure 1.5? What are some energy transformations that occur in a car? 8. Read the Structure and Function theme. Look in the mirror. Describe at least three examples of structurefunction relationships. 9. Read the theme that deals with cells. a) Why are cells so important? b) What are some key features all cells share? c) What's the difference between a prokaryotic and a eukaryotic cell? 10. Read the theme that deals with DNA (p. 8). What's the relationship between DNA, genes, chromosomes, and proteins? 11. How does the structure of DNA enable it to carry out its function (information storage)? 12. What's the basic flow of information that's involved in gene expression? 13. Define genome, genomics, and bioinformatics. 14. Read about Feedback mechanisms (p. 10). What is feedback regulation? 15. Compare and contrast positive and negative feedback. Think of an example of each from your own life. 16. Note that while Campbell's themes are terrific, we'll be using a slightly different (and more compact) set of themes throughout our course. You can study these themes here.

Concept 1.2: Evolution and the Unity and Diversity of Life 17. Briefly describe the key traits of the three domains of life, and the three kingdoms of multicellular

eukaryotic organisms. What are protists? 18. What are the two main points articulated in Darwin's The Origin of Species? 19. Briefly summarize the key points of Darwin's theory of natural selection. 20. How can natural selection explain the divergence of one ancestral species into two descendant species? 21. Based on what you've read, how does the theory of evolution explain the unity and diversity of life? 22. Look at figure 1.22. Look up the term adaptive radiation. Define it, and then use this concept to explain the

numerous Galapagos finches shown in this image. Concept 1.3: Studying Nature.

23. Read this section: define the following terms a. Data b. Hypothesis c. Controlled experiment d. theory

24. Describe David Pfenning's experiment to test the hypothesis that mimicry explains the coloration pattern of the harmless kingsnake. Concept 1.4: Science Benefits from a cooperative approach... Read this for your own pleasure and edification.



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After Reading

1. Do the interactive exercises. Concept adjustment and refinement

2. Look over your original ideas for this topic. a. How did your ideas change? b. What were your biggest misconceptions? c. What's the biggest insight that you've gained from this topic?

Thematic reflection 3. How did the learning you've done in this topic related to the key themes for our course? Note that for this

chapter, which is a thematic overview, this might seem redundant. But disciplining yourself to reflect on your learning this way will vastly improve your learning of biology. Follow this link and respond to the questions.

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Chapter 22: Descent with Modification. A Darwinian View of Life

Before you read This chapter goes into depth about how evolution works. So, before you read, respond to the questions below. 1. How does evolution work? Specifically, explain what you already know about Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection. 2. Many traits of living things aren't easily explained by the process of natural selection. How do we explain features of living things like the beauty of a male wood duck, or the differences in size between male and female sea elephants, 3. How does evolution explain both the unity and the diversity of life? 4. What's the evidence for evolution? 5. Read the Chapter Review at the end of the chapter. Because we covered the entire chapter, please read all of the concept reviews, and spend a moment thinking about the review questions. 6. Read the Chapter Review at the end of the chapter. As I instructed you in chapter one, note that at the end of each concept review, there's a question. Spend a moment thinking about the answer. You don't have to write down an answer, but don't skip this step. Asking questions before learning is a proven strategy for enhancing memory. 7. Now read the chapter. Your job is to answer the questions below, using the Cornell Notes format described above.

Chapter 22 Overview 1. Define evolution. How is it both a pattern and process?

Concept 22.1: The Darwinian revolution 2. Read the material about Linnaeus, Cuvier, Lyell for historical context/background. 3. What were the two main points of Lamarck's theory of evolution?



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