CLASSIFICATION OF INTOXICATION LEVELS - Arrive Alive

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CLASSIFICATION OF INTOXICATION LEVELS

Blood Alcohol Concen Social Drinker in g/100ml

Habitual Drinker

0,00 ? 0,05 0,06 ?0,09 0,10 ? 0,15 0,16 ? 0,20 0,21 ? 0,25 0,26 ? 0,30 0,31 ? 0,40 0,41 ? 0,50

"Sober" Light Moderate Strong Strong-Very Strong Very Strong Stupor ? Coma Coma ? Death

"Sober" "Sober" Light Moderate Moderate-Strong Strong-Very Strong Very Strong-Stupor Coma ? Death

The clinical picture of intoxication levels differs from person to person, and in the same person from time to time.

Following is a picture of the Average Intoxicated Person:

0,00 ? 0,05: Most of these people appear clinically normal. Some of them have an euphoria. Reaction time is slowed down two times.

0,05 ? 0,10: Loss of inhibitions, self-criticism and has exaggerated self-confidence. Loss of concentration and normal judgement. Affected coordination. Reaction time is slowed down 4 times.

0,10 ? 0,15: Further loss of self-critism, emotional instability, memory problems. Early ataxia, apraxia and agraphia. Reaction time is slowed down further. Orientation concerning time, place and person may be affected.

0,15 ? 0,25: Ataxia, agraphia, apraxia. Coordination severely affected. Loss of orientation. Emotional instability. Balance disturbances. Apathy and emotional eruptions. Numbness and slowed reaction to pain stimuli. Partial amnesia.

0,25 ? 0,35: Worsening of the abovementioned. Total loss of muscle coordination. Apathy and sometimes stupor. Total loss of orientation. Amnesia.

0,35-higher: Stupor followed by coma. General anaestesia and paresis. Suppression of the vital centres in the brain with cardio respiratory collapse and death.

Concoctions: Produced from different wheats, sugar, honey, fruit and yeast. Little skill needed. Sometimes methylated spirits is added. The alcohol content is undeterminable.

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Medicines: The Minister is able to declare any medicine/remedy as an intoxicating substance.

Dutch Remedies are excluded:

Balsemvita: Bruindulsies: Entress drops: Green amara: Cramp drops: Life essence Stuipdruppels Versterkdruppels Wonderkroon essence

85% alcohol (v/v) 14% alcohol (v/v) 69% alcohol (v/v) 41% alcohol (v/v) 53% alcohol (v/v) 45% alcohol (v/v) 54% alcohol (v/v) 42% alcohol (v/v) 41% alcohol (v/v)

Medicines in general:

Aktivinad Alertonic Gerix Bioplus Sal Volatile

10% alcohol (v/v) 15% alcohol (v/v) 20% alcohol (v/v) 10% alcohol (v/v) 65-70% alcohol (v/v)

An accused will sometimes tell the court that he took Bioplus or other medicine, which is allegedly responsible for his intoxication. Say for instance his BAC = 0,10 and his weight is 70kg than a small calculation will show: A = 70 x 0,10 x 0,7 x 10 A = 70 x 0,10 x 7 A = 490 x 0,10 A = 49g of alcohol consumed Relate that back to Bioplus with 10% alcohol, which means that he had to take at least 500ml of it to reach this Blood Alcohol level!

Type of Liquor White Wine

Alcohol Legal limits Not higher than 16,0

Marketed 10,0-13,0

Red Wine

Not higher than 10,0-13,0 16,0

Champaine and Not higher than 10,0-13,0

Perle Wines

16,0

Fortified Wines

Dry, Semi sweet, Not less than 16, 16,5-20,0

Sherries

Not higher than

22,0

Semi sweet +tabl

Wines

Label Description Average Alcohol

Dry wine, semi 7,9-10,3g/100ml Sweet, Riesling, Stein, Clarette Red wines or oth 7,9-10,3g/100ml Cultivars like Carbernet sauvig Dry, Semi sweet, 7,9-10,3g/100ml

Light dry, dry, 13,1-15.8g/100m Semi

Port, Tawny Port, Muscadel, Jerepi

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Wine appetizer Not less than 16, 20,0-23,0 Not higher than 23,0

Wine Fruit Drink Not less than 16, 20,0-23,0 Not higher than 23,0

Vermut

Not less than 16, 17,0 Not higher than 23,0

Product

Spirituals: Spirit Aperitives Spirit Cocktail

Alcohol% Legal Limits

Not less ?24 Not less-24

Marketed

24,0-43,0 +24,0

Liqueurs Brandy

Not less than 43 +30 Not less than 43 43,0

Rum

Not less than 43 43,0

Gin, Vodka, Cane Not less than 43 43,0

Spirit

Whisky

Not less than 43 43,0

Wine Appetizer 15,8-18,2g/100m

Advocat

15,8-18,2g/100m

Red/White Vermu 13,4g/100ml

Descriptions

Alcohol Concentration

Spirit Aperitif Advocat Spirit Cocktail

4,75-8,5g/25ml +4,75g/25ml

Aniseed, Ginger +5,9g/25ml

Brandy, Brandy

8,5g/25ml

Rum, Blended ru 8,5g/25ml

Gin, Vodka Cane spirit Whisky

8,5g/25ml 8,5g/25ml

Other fermentted drinks: Cider

Not less ?2,5 Not more- 7,5

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5,0-7,0

Perry

Not less- 2,5 5,0-7,0 Not more- 7,5

Apple beverage Not less- 8,0 8,0-14,0 Not more- 14,0

Pear Beverage Not less- 8,0 8,0-14,0 Not more-14, 0

Orange Beverage Not less-2, 5 2,5-14,0 Not more-14, 0

Orange Beverage Not less-2, 5 2,5-7,5 with added sucro Not more-7, 5

Fortified Apple Not less-16, 5 16,5-20,0

Beverage

Not more-20, 0

Fortified Pear Beverage

Not less-16, 5 16,5-20,0 Not more-20, 0

Cider

4,0-5,5g/100ml

Perry

4,0-5,5g/100ml

Apple Fermented 6,3-11,1g/100ml Beverage

Pear fermented 6,3-11,1g/100ml Beverage

Orange Fermente 2,0-11,1g/100ml Beverage

2,0-5,9g/100ml

Fortified Apple 13,1-15,8g/100m Beverage

Fortified Pear Beverage

13,1-15,8g/100m

Product

Alcohol in % (vol/vol)

Amstel Lager Beck's Beer Bockman Lager Carling Black Label Castle Lager Castle Milk Stout Guiness Foreign Extra Hansa Pilsner Heidelberg Lager Kronenbra? Lion Ale Lion Lager Luyt Lager Mai Bock Malz Beer Old Butch M?ncher Lager Rogue Longbrew Stag Extra Lager Wambo Lager Whitbread Gold Crest Lager Whitbread Keg

4,8-5,4 4,7-4,9 4,95-5,07 5,43-6,07 4,70-5,40 5,43-6,1 7,14 4,60-4,7 4,60-5,2 4,60-5,8 4,41 4,50-5,0 4,90-5,2 6,70 1,1 5,43-5,73 4,5 5,06 4,1

4,86 5,26

Alcohol in g/375ml

14,22-16,0 13,90-14,5 14,70-15,0 16,10-18,0 13,90-16,0 16,10-18,1 21,2 13,6-13,9 13,6-15,4 13,6-17,2 13,1 13,3-17,2 14,5-15,4 19,9 3,26 16,1-17,0 13,3 15,0 12,1

14,4 15,6

5

Whitbread Mackeson Porter

Witbread Oktoberfest

3,84

Windhoek Export Lager

5,7

Windhoek Extra Stout

4,6

Windhoek Lager

4,6

4,2-4,7

11,4 16,9 13,6 13,6 12,4-13,9

Sorghum Beer:

The legal alcohol limit (maximum) is 3% mass/vol This means that 1(one) litre of Sorghum Beer contains approximately 30g of pure alcohol.

Usage of the Alcohol Tables:

The BAC's showed in the following tables are the maximum attainable concentrations for a specific amount of alcohol consumed.

The calculations are based on Widmark's Formula:

A = Amount of alcohol measured in grams P = Mass of the individual in kilograms C = Blood Alcohol Concentration in gram/100ml R = Distribution Factor (f=0.7 =0.6) 10 = Conversion Factor from g/1000 ml to g/100ml

A = P x C x R x 10

In a fat person the r-factor will be less than in a muscular one. Theoretically a fat person with the same mass as a muscular one will become more intoxicated on the same amount of alcohol consumed over the same period. (Remember alcohol is not fat soluble but water is soluble)

The given blood alcohol concentration is a reflexion of the minimum alcohol that was absorbed in the GIT. It does not reflect the:

a) Alcohol remaining in the GIT b) Alcohol already metabolised c) Alcohol excreted in the urine and still in the bladder d) Alcohol perspired e) Alcohol exhaled

Example:

A male person with a body mass of 100 kg has consumed 10 tots of brandy over a period of 5 hours. What will his BAC be?

1. Look in the Table-Spirits 2. Look for males 3. 100 kg column 4. 10 tots row 5. Reading is 0,121 g/100ml

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