HIGH SCHOOL EXPERIENCE United States History Review



|ROBERT BROWN HIGH SCHOOL |

|HIGH SCHOOL EXPERIENCE United States History Review |

| |

|KIM BRUINSMA |

|March 2013 |

United States History Review Unit I- Geography

Unit I: Geography of the United States

Great Plains & Central Plains- they are rich soil plains that a mid-west climate that encourages farming

Mississippi River- cuts through the Central Plains as it flows south to the Gulf of Mexico.

Appalachian Mountains- Eastern Mountains that made movement out of the original 13 colonies difficult.

Rocky Mountains- Western Mountains stretches from Alaska to Mexico.

Atlantic Ocean- The United States eastern boarder.

Pacific Ocean- The United States western boarder.

Label the Map with the BOLDED geographic features.

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Quiz Unit I

1) The presence of which pair of geographic

conditions discouraged the development of a

plantation economy in the New England

colonies?

(1) wide coastal plain and absence of good harbors

(2) rocky soil and short growing season

(3) numerous rivers and humid climate

(4) flatlands and lack of forests

2) Climatic conditions in the southern colonies most directly influenced the development of

(1) democratic institutions

(2) a canal system

(3) the plantation system

(4) the coal industry

3) In which area did good harbors, abundant forests, rocky soil, and a short growing season most

influence the colonial economy?

(1) Southern colonies

(2) Middle Atlantic region

(3) Northwest Territory

(4) New England colonies

4) Farmers in the Ohio River valley gained the

greatest economic benefit when the United

States acquired the

(1) Oregon Territory

(2) Gadsden Purchase

(3) Louisiana Territory

(4) Mexican Cession

5) Since the late 1700s, the Mississippi River has

been a vital waterway because it

(1) divided the northern territories from the

southern territories

(2) allowed American farmers direct access to

Canadian markets

(3) connected the Great Lakes to the Atlantic

Ocean

(4) provided farmers and merchants an outlet to

the Gulf of Mexico

5) During the first half of the 1800s, geographic

factors influenced the economy of New England

by

(1) encouraging the establishment of large

plantations

(2) promoting the growth of trade and

manufacturing

(3) increasing the region’s reliance on slave labor

(4) supporting rice and indigo farming

6) Which geographic factor most helped the United

States maintain its foreign policy of neutrality

during much of the 1800s?

(1) climate of the Great Plains

(2) oceans on its east and west coasts

(3) large network of navigable rivers

(4) mountain ranges near the Atlantic and Pacific

Coasts

7) The best source of information for identifying the location of the major mountain ranges in the United States is:

1. an encyclopedia

2. an almanac

3. an atlas

4. a dictionary

8) Which geographic advantage did the United States gain by purchasing the Louisiana Territory from France in 1803?

1. warm-water ports on the Atlantic coast

2. rich fishing areas in the Great Lakes

3. full control of the Mississippi River

4. vast coal reserves in the region west of Pennsylvania

9) Which geographic factor had the greatest influence on early patterns of industrialization in the United States?

1. scarcity of flat land on which to build factories

2. shortages of timber and coal

3. desire of workers to live in mild climates

4. availability of waterpower to operate machines

10) Which type of map shows the most detailed information about Earth’s natural features, such as rivers, lakes, and mountain ranges?

1. political

2. demographic

3. weather

4. physical

11) In the early 1800’s, the need for a water route to help farmers ship their products to market was one reason for the

1. Gadsden Purchase

2. Louisiana Purchase

3. Mexican Cession

4. Missouri Compromise

12) Which United States foreign policy action resulted from the close geographic relationship between the United States and Latin America?

1. Monroe Doctrine

2. Truman Doctrine

3. Marshall Plan

4. Open Door policy

13) Because of fertile land and a long growing season, plantations in the thirteen colonies developed in

1. New England

2. the Middle Atlantic region

3. the South

4. the upper Mississippi River valley

14) In which section of early 19th-century America was the plantation system an important feature?

1. New England

2. the Middle Atlantic states

3. the South

4. the West

15) Acquiring New Orleans as part of the Louisiana Purchase was considered important to the development of the Mississippi and Ohio River valleys because the city

1. provided protection from attacks by the Spanish

2. provided migrant workers for river valley farms

3. served as a port for American agricultural goods

4. served as the cultural center for the nation

Unit II- Colony to a Nation

Jamestown- First permanent English settlement in 1607 that led to interactions between the colonist and Native Americans.

French & Indian War- 1756- 1763 British challenged the French for the control of the Ohio River Valley. The Native Americans worked with the French against the British.

Who came to the colonies and Why?

|Religious Reasons |Political Reasons |Economic Reasons |

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| | | |

Origins of the Slave Trade:

Triangle Trade-

Middle Passage-

Plantation System in the Southern Colonies-

Ideas of Democracy

Democracy- is a concept that the government is run by its people. The idea comes from the Ancient Greeks & Romans.

Magna Carta- An English document that limited the powers of the King.

Mayflower Compact- a contract that was signed by the colonist stating they would be governed by the government they created (NOT ENGLAND)

House of Burgesses- Virginia’s representative law making body, created in 1619.

Albany Plan of Union- Ben Franklins attempt to get colonies to join together in

1754.

Proclamation Line of 1763:

Economic Causes of Revolution

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Mercantilism- a belief that a strong nation is built by increasing exports, protecting industries, and establishing colonies.

|Fight for Independence & Government |

|Thomas Paine & Common Sense: |

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|Declaration of Independence: Letter to King George stating the conies independence based on natural rights. |

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|Natural Rights: Life, Liberty, and Property that was written by Enlightenment writer John Locke |

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|Articles of Confederation: 1781-1789 first constitution of the United States that was to WEAK do to the fear of a strong central government. Colonist did |

|not want another KING!! |

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|Constitutional Convention: May 1787 “sole purpose was to amend or fix the Articles of Confederation” |

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|Government Terms |

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Quiz Unit II

1. In the Colonial Era, developments such as the New England town meetings and the establishment of the Virginia House of Burgesses represented

1. colonial attempts to build a strong national government

2. efforts by the British to strengthen their control over the colonies

3. steps in the growth of representative democracy

4. early social reform movements

2. According to the Declaration of Independence, the people have the right to alter or abolish a government if that government

1. is a limited monarchy

2. violates natural rights

3. becomes involved in entangling alliances

4. favors one religion over another

3. Which fundamental political idea is expressed in the Declaration of Independence?

1. The government should guarantee every citizen economic security.

2. The central government and state governments should have equal power.

3. If the government denies its people certain basic rights, that government can be overthrown.

4. Rulers derive their right to govern from God and are therefore bound to govern in the nation’s best interest.

4. The Mayflower Compact is important to the concept of a democratic society because it represents

1. an effort by the colonists to use force to resist the King

2. a clear step toward self-government

3. an early attempt to establish universal suffrage

4. an attempt by the colonists to establish freedom of religion

5. During the Revolutionary War period, Thomas Paine’s Common Sense was important because it

1. described a military plan for the defeat of England

2. convinced many Americans who had been undecided to support independence

3. contained a detailed outline for a new form of government

4. argued for the addition of a bill of rights to the Constitution

6. The Virginia House of Burgesses was important to the development of democracy in the thirteen colonies because it

1. provided an example of a representative form of government

2. created the first written constitution in America

3. provided for direct election of senators

4. began the practice of legislative override of executive vetoes

7. In the 1780’s, mqany Americans distrusted a strong central government. This distrust is best shown by the

1. lack of debate over the ratification of the United States Constitution

2. plan of government set up by the Articles of Confederation

3. development of a Federal court system

4. constitutional provision for a strong President

8. "We hold these truths to be self-evident: That all men are created equal; that they are endowed by their creator with certain unalienable rights; that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness;”

This quotation is evidence that some of the basic ideas in the Declaration of Independence were

1. limitations of the principles underlying most European governments of the 1700’s.

2. adaptations of the laws of Spanish colonial governments in North America.

3. adoptions of rules used by the Holy Roman Empire.

4. reflections of the philosophies of the European Enlightenment.

9. Which quotation from the United States Constitution provides for a Federal system of government?

1. “He shall have power . . . with the advice and consent of the Senate, . . . and . . . shall appoint . . .“

2. “Every bill . . . shall, before it becomes a law, be presented to the President of the United States; . . ."

3. “The powers not delegated to the United States . . . are reserved to the states . . .“

4. “Full faith and credit shall be given in each state to the public acts, records, and judicial proceedings of every other state.”

10. The system of checks and balances is best illustrated by the power of

1. the President to veto a bill passed by Congress

2. Congress to censure one of its members

3. a governor to send the National Guard to stop a riot

4. state and Federal gov-ernments to levy and collect taxes

11. The United States Government is considered a federal system because

1. the people elect national officials

2. both national and state governments exist within the nation

3. foreign policy is handled by state governments

4. each state has equal represen-tation in the United States Senate

12. Antifederalists criticized the United States Constitution primarily because governing power was concentrated in the

1. State legislatures

2. President’s Cabinet

3. delegates to the Constitutional Convention

4. National Government

13. In the United States Government, members of the Cabinet are directly responsible to the

1. Congress

2. Senate

3. Supreme Court

4. President

14. The Supreme Court’s power of judicial review is a result of

1. an order by the President

2. the Court’s own interpretation of the Constitution

3. a provision in the Bill of Rights

4. the Court’s decision to hear appeals regarding taxation

15. During the debates over the ratification of the United States Constitution, Federalists and Anti-Federalists disagreed most strongly over the

1. division of powers between the national and state governments

2. provision for admitting new states to the Union

3. distribution of power between the Senate and the House of Representatives

4. method of amending the Constitution

16. "President Delivers State of the Union Address to Congress."

"President Mobilizes the National Guard To Quell Riots."

"President’s Appointee Will Enforce Federal Guidelines."

These headlines are evidence that the President of the United States

1. has new added duties not specified in the original Constitution

2. exercises nearly unlimited power under the United States governmental system

3. has specific executive, legislative, and military powers

4. must obtain congressional approval of most executive decisions

Unit III Expansion & Conflict

Louisiana Purchase 1803-

Monroe Doctrine- Foreign policy in 1823 that called for the end

of European expansion in the Western Hemisphere (Latin America)

Explain the significance of the political cartoon:

Industrial Revolution- New technologies in manufacturing leads to the rise of manufactured goods and factories in the 1880’s.

Cotton Gin-

(The growth of “King Cotton”- South begins to be the main producer of cotton. Increases the brutality of slavery in the south.

Transportation Revolution- brought new technologies and goods through numerous new transportation methods in the United States. (Erie Canal, Transcontinental Rail Road, Major Port cities-New York)

Urbanization-

Andrew Jackson & the Trail of Tears-

Spoils System- Andrew Jackson gave government jobs to people who helped the party win the election regardless of capabilities.

Manifest Destiny-

|Equality Terms |

|Suffrage Seneca Falls Convention William Lloyd Garrison |

|Susan B. Anthony Abolitionist Underground Railroad |

|Harriet Tubman Fredrick Douglass Uncle Tom’s Cabin |

Road to Civil War

Compromise of 1850-

Popular Sovereignty- the people living in the territory would vote on whether or not the territory would be a Slave State or not.

Fugitive Slave Law- requires any “escaped” slave to be returned to the south.

Dred Scott v. Sanford-

John Brown’s raid-

Kansas-Nebraska Act-

Election of 1860 (Lincoln)

South Carolina Secedes- in 1860 South Carolina leaves the Union and forms the Confederate States of America with six other states that left the union.

Civil War-

Lincoln’s main goal is to preserve the Union!!

The Civil War was fought between the ______________________ and the ___________________________.

Emancipation Proclamation-

Gettysburg Address-

Unit III Quiz

1. The legal basis for the United States purchase of the Louisiana Territory was the

1. power granted to the President to make treaties

2. President’s power as Commander in Chief

3. authority of Congress to declare war

4. Senate’s duty to approve the appointment of ambassadors

2. The Louisiana Purchase had great geographic significance for the United States because it

1. reduced British control of North America

2. focused the United States on westward expansion

3. extended United States control over Mexico

4. decreased tensions with Native American Indians

3. "Compromise Enables Maine and Missouri To Enter Union" (1820)

"California Admitted to Union as Free State" (1850)

"Kansas-Nebraska Act Sets Up Popular Sovereignty" (1854)

Which issue is reflected in these headlines?

1. enactment of protective tariffs

2. extension of slavery

3. voting rights for minorities

4. universal public education

4. The phrase “by military conquest, treaty, and purchase” best describes the

1. steps in the growth of American industry

2. methods used to expand the territory of the United States

3. major parts of President Woodrow Wilson’s Fourteen Points

4. causes of the United States entry into the Korean War

5. Before the Civil War, the principle of popular sovereignty was proposed as a means of

1. allowing states to secede from the Union

2. permitting voters to nullify federal laws

3. deciding the legalization of slavery in a new state

4. overturning unpopular decisions of the Supreme Court

6. As the United States acquired more land between 1803 and 1850, controversy over these territories focused on the

1. need for schools and colleges

2. failure to conserve natural resources

3. expansion of slavery

4. construction of transcontinental railroads

7. The Seneca Falls Convention of 1848 was mainly concerned with

1. ending slavery in all the states

2. reducing consumption of alcoholic beverages

3. improving treatment of the mentally ill

4. expanding women’s rights

8. The rapid westward migration caused by the discovery of gold in California led directly to

1. the start of the Civil War

2. the adoption of the Compromise of 1850

3. increased trade through the Panama Canal

4. control of the United States Senate by the slave states

9. Manifest Destiny was used to justify an American desire to

1. limit the number of immigrants entering the country

2. control the area located east of the Appalachian Mountains

3. expand the United States to the Pacific Ocean

4. warn European countries against colonizing Latin America

10. In the 1850s, the phrase “Bleeding Kansas” was used to describe clashes between

1. proslavery and antislavery groups

2. Spanish landowners and new American settlers

3. Chinese and Irish railroad workers

4. Native American Indians and white settlers

11. Which argument did President Abraham Lincoln use against the secession of the Southern States?

1. Slavery was not profitable

2. The government was a union of people and not of states.

3. The Southern States did not permit their people to vote on secession.

4. As the Commander in Chief, he had the duty to defend the United States against foreign invasion.

12. The abolitionist movement, the women’s suffrage movement, and the 1960’s civil rights movement are all examples of reform efforts that

1. succeeded without causing major controversy

2. developed significant popular support

3. achieved their goals without government action

4. failed to affect the nation as a whole

13. Which statement best explains President Abraham Lincoln’s justification for the Civil War?

1. As an abolitionist, President Lincoln wanted to end slavery in the United States.

2. President Lincoln wanted to keep the South economically dependent on the industrial North.

3. President Lincoln’s oath of office required him to defend and preserve the Union.

4. To keep the support of Great Britain and France, President Lincoln had to try to end slavery immediately.

14. A major result of the Civil War was that the

1. economic system of the South came to dominate the United States economy

2. Federal Government’s power over the States was strengthened

3. members of Congress from Southern States gained control of the legislative branch

4. nation’s industrial development came to a standstill

15. Sectional differences developed in the United States largely because

1. the Federal Government adopted a policy of neutrality

2. economic conditions and interests in each region varied

3. only northerners were represented at the Constitutional Convention

4. early Presidents favored urban areas over rural areas

16. The rulings of the Supreme Court in Dred Scott v. Sanford (1857), Plessy v. Ferguson (1896), and Korematsu v. United States (1944) all demonstrate that the Supreme Court has

1. continued to extend voting rights to minorities

2. protected itself from internal dissent

3. sometimes failed to protect the rights of minorities

4. often imposed restrictions on free speech during wartime

17. "Compromise Enables Maine and Missouri To Enter Union" (1820)

"California Admitted to Union as Free State" (1850)

"Kansas-Nebraska Act Sets Up Popular Sovereignty" (1854)

Which issue is reflected in these headlines?

1. enactment of protective tariffs

2. extension of slavery

3. voting rights for minorities

4. universal public education

18. Which statement is best supported by the data in the table?

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1. The Confederate troops lost the Civil War as a result of their higher numbers of injuries and fatalities.

2. The Union army had better generals during the Civil War.

3. The Civil War had more casualties than any other war.

4. More soldiers died from disease than from wounds.

19. In the 1850s, why did many runaway slaves go to Canada?

1. They feared being drafted into the Northern army.

2. The Fugitive Slave Act kept them at risk in the United States.

3. More factory jobs were available in Canada.

4. Northern abolitionists refused to help fugitive slaves.

Unit IV Reconstruction & Productivity

13th Amendment (1865)- Abolishes SLAVERY in the United States

14th Amendment (1868)- All US born are citizens regardless of race.

15th Amendment (1870)- All citizens (MEN) of Age can vote.

Reconstruction Era-

Booker T. Washington-

WEB Dubois-

|Struggles for equality during Reconstruction |

|Black Codes- Laws in the South that aimed to keep African Americans from using their rights. (ex voting) |

|Ku Klux Klan- White Southerners that created a group that acted brutally towards African Americans. |

|Poll Taxes- Southern States imposed a tax on every voter to limit the # of African Americans from voting. |

|Literacy Tests- |

| |

|Grandfather Clauses- “If your grandfather did not vote- than you could not either” |

|Jim Crow Laws- passing of laws that created segregation. (The separation of the races) |

|Freedman’s Bureau- created by congress to aid African Americans in using their rights. Also built schools. |

|Need to know Court Cases for Civil Rights |

|Civil Rights Cases(1883) ruled that slavery was abolished but discrimination by individuals was not prohibited by the constitution. |

|Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) established segregation is OK is “separate but equal” |

|Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka (1954) established that facilities separated by race were unequal. |

Rise of Big business

Sharecroppers- landless farmers who gave part of their year’s crop to landowner to as rent.

Monopoly- A company or small group of companies that have complete control over a particular field (ex. steel)

Entrepreneurs- people who take responsibility for the organization and operation of a new business venture.

Robber Barron-

Andrew Carnegie-

John D. Rockefeller_

Henry Ford-

Laissez Faire- the idea that the government should NOT interfere the economy.

Philanthropists- wealthy entrepreneurs that used or donated part of their wealth to better society. (built libraries ect)

Social Darwinism- “survival of the fittest” the strong people or businesses “survive”

Sherman Antitrust Act (1890)- prohibited monopolies by declaring monopolies’ and trusts illegal.

Knights of Labor- an organization that fought for better working conditions for its workers. (8 hour work day)

American Federation of Labor- union of skilled workers fought for better conditions. (Samuel Gompers)

|Labor Strikes |

|Great Railway Strike (1877) Haymarket Riot (1886) Homestead Strike (1892) |

|Pullman Strike (1894) Lawrence Textile Strike (1912) |

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Immigration Increases- availability of jobs in the United States during the Industrial Revolution leads to an increase of immigrants into factory jobs.

Nativism- anti-immigrant feelings due to competition for jobs. (Jewish, Catholic, Irish, Italians ect.)

| |Immigrant Answers |

| | |

|Why did many immigrants come to | |

|the United States? | |

| |Progressives- |

|How helped the immigrants? How | |

| | |

|What is life like for many | |

|immigrants in the United States? | |

| | |

| | |

| |(Think Gangs of New York) |

Assimilation- the idea of acting and looking “American”

Melting Pot- many cultures forming or “melting” into a new American culture.

|Progressive Era Need to know Terms |

|Muckrakers Prohibition suffrage Upton Sinclair (Jungle) |

|Jacob Riis Jane Addams (Hull House) Child Labor Boss Tweed |

Unit IV Quiz

1. Before the former Confederate states could be

readmitted to the Union, the congressional plan

for Reconstruction required them to

(1) ratify the 14th amendment

(2) imprison all former Confederate soldiers

(3) provide 40 acres of land to all freedmen

(4) help rebuild Northern industries

2. "Although important strides were made, Reconstruction failed to provide lasting guarantees of the civil rights of the freedmen.” Which evidence best supports this statement

1. passage of Jim Crow laws in the latter part of the 19th century

2. ratification of the 13th, 14th, and 15th amendments

3. refusal of Southern States to allow sharecropping

4. passage of the Civil Rights Acts of 1866

3. The Reconstruction plans of President Abraham

Lincoln and President Andrew Johnson included

a provision for the

(1) resumption of full participation in Congress

by Southern States

(2) long-term military occupation of the

Confederacy

(3) payment of war reparations by Southern States

(4) harsh punishment of former Confederate

officials

4. In the late 1800s, southern state governments

used literacy tests, poll taxes, and grandfather

clauses to

(1) ensure that only educated individuals voted

(2) require African Americans to attend school

(3) prevent African Americans from voting

(4) integrate public facilities

5. Literacy tests and poll taxes were often used to

(1) enforce constitutional amendments added

after the Civil War

(2) limit voter participation by African Americans

(3) promote equal educational opportunities for

minority persons

(4) provide job training for freedmen

6. The passage of Jim Crow laws in the South after

Reconstruction was aided in part by

(1) a narrow interpretation of the 14th amendment

by the United States Supreme Court

(2) a change in the southern economy from

agricultural to industrial

(3) the growth of Republican-dominated governments in the South

(4) the rise in European immigration to the

South

7. Which statement best expresses the melting pot

theory as it relates to American society?

(1) Only European immigrants will be allowed

into the United States.

(2) All immigrant groups will maintain their

separate cultures.

(3) Different cultures will blend to form a

uniquely American culture.

(4) Immigrant ghettos will develop in urban

areas.

8. Society advances when its fittest members are

allowed to assert themselves with the least

hindrance.

The idea expressed in this statement is most

consistent with the

(1) principles of Social Darwinism

(2) concept of assimilation

(3) goals of the Progressive movement

(4) melting pot theory of American culture

9. The theory of Social Darwinism was often used to justify the

(1) creation of the Ku Klux Klan

(2) formation of business monopolies

(3) use of strikes by labor unions

(4) passage of antitrust laws

10. In passing the Sherman Antitrust Act (1890),

Congress intended to

(1) prevent large corporations from eliminating

their competition

(2) distinguish good trusts from bad trusts

(3) regulate rates charged by railroads

(4) force large trusts to bargain with labor unions

11. A high protective tariff passed by Congress is

intended to affect the United States economy by

(1) promoting free trade

(2) limiting industrial jobs

(3) encouraging American manufacturing

(4) expanding global interdependence

12. Which government action is most closely

associated with the efforts of muckrakers?

(1) ratification of the woman’s suffrage

amendment

(2) approval of the graduated income tax

(3) creation of the National Forest Service

(4) passage of the Meat Inspection Act

13. Muckrakers Ida Tarbell and Upton Sinclair

influenced the federal government to

(1) grant citizenship to people who had entered

the country illegally

(2) pass legislation to correct harmful business

practices

(3) force individual states to regulate monopolies

(4) end racial discrimination in the workplace

14. In the early 1900s, Progressive Era reformers

sought to increase citizen participation in

government by supporting the

(1) expansion of the spoils system

(2) direct election of senators

(3) creation of the electoral college

(4) formation of the Federal Reserve system

15. Passage of the Homestead Act and of legislation

supporting the construction of transcontinental

railroads demonstrated the federal government’s

commitment to

(1) limits on big business

(2) settlement of western territories

(3) conservation of natural resources

(4) equality for all immigrants

16. The Homestead Act (1862) attempted to

promote development of western lands by

(1) creating a system of dams for crop irrigation

(2) providing free land to settlers

(3) removing all restrictions on immigration

(4) placing Native American Indians on

Reservations

17. Both the Interstate Commerce Act and the

Sherman Antitrust Act were

(1) inspired by the effectiveness of earlier state

laws

(2) designed to protect business from foreign

competition

(3) declared unconstitutional by the Supreme

Court in the late 1800s

(4) passed by the federal government to regulate

big business

18. In the last half of the 1800s, which development led to the other three?

(1) expansion of the middle class

(2) growth of industrialization

(3) formation of trusts

(4) creation of labor unions

19. The “new immigrants” to the United States

between 1890 and 1915 came primarily from

(1) southern and eastern Europe

(2) northern and western Europe

(3) East Asia

(4) Latin America

20. During the late 1800s, which group strongly

supported an open immigration policy?

(1) conservationists (3) factory owners

(2) nativists (4) southern farmers

21. Which factor contributed the most to

urbanization in the late 1800s?

(1) assimilation (3) imperialism

(2) industrialization (4) nullification

22. During the late 1800s and early 1900s, the term

robber baron best defined a person who

(1) controlled large tracts of western lands

(2) used ruthless business tactics

(3) stole from the rich to give to the poor

(4) encouraged the conservation of raw materials

Unit V Imperialism- World War

Imperialism-

Growth of a Navy- Alfred T Mahan argued that the United States had to invest in its Navy to expand. (strongest Navy= Power)

Open Door Policy- All countries had an “open door” to China to ensure fair accessibility of Chinese markets.

Annexation of Hawaii in 1898-Hawaii becomes a state due to the American’s interest in sugar plantations.

|Causes of The Spanish American War |Effects/ Results of Spanish American War |

|US wants to expand in Latin America & Asia |US defeats Spain in less than 4 months. |

|In Cuba & Philippines people rebel against Spanish rule. |Spain recognizes Cuba’s independence |

|Explosion of the USS Maine (was not Spain’s FAULT) |Puerto Rico, Philippines, & Guam become US territories. |

| |US recognized as a World Power. |

Roosevelt Corollary-

Panama Canal-

The “Big Stick” Policy- United States intervening to protect American Investments.

Taft’s Dollar Diplomacy- United States helped keep order in other’s society by increasing

American investments. (Pay Offs)

The Good Neighbor Policy- Hoover & FDR improved relations with Latin America

by emphasizing cooperation instead of intervention.

Federal Reserve- A committee that regulates the interest rates

World War I

Causes:

M

A

I

N

What was the direct cause for the United States entering the war?_________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________

Unrestricted Submarine Warfare-

Trench warfare-

Propaganda-

Victory Gardens-

Schenck v. United States- landmark court case that determined that freedom of speech CAN be restricted during wartime.

Red Scare- A scare of communism as a result of the Bolsheviks Revolution. An intense fear of communism swept the United States.

Wilson’s 14 Points: Wilson’s plan to keep peace

• Freedom of the Seas

• Removal of trade barriers

• Arms reduction

• An association of nations for peace

Treaty of Versailles-

Germany Pays war Reparations-

League of Nation

What does the Political Cartoon Represent? Why is it important?

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Unit V Quiz

1. The Spanish-American War (1898) marked a

turning point in United States foreign policy

because the United States

(1) developed a plan for peaceful coexistence

(2) emerged as a major world power

(3) pledged neutrality in future European

conflicts

(4) refused to become a colonial power

2. A primary reason for the establishment of the

Open Door policy (1899) was to

(1) protect United States trade in the Far East

(2) gain control of the Panama Canal Zone

(3) encourage Chinese immigration to the

United States

(4) improve relations with Russia

3. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the

United States became involved in Latin America

primarily to

(1) establish new colonies

(2) protect economic and security interests

(3) raise the living standards of Latin Americans

(4) stop the flow of illegal drugs into the United

States

“Hawaiian Planters Urge American Annexation”

“U.S. and Germany Negotiate for Control of the

Samoan Islands”

“U.S. Gains Control of Wake Island and Guam”

4. Which conclusion can best be drawn from these

headlines?

(1) The Anti-Imperialist League strongly

influenced Congress.

(2) Respect for native cultures motivated United

States foreign policy.

(3) United States territorial expansion increased

in the Pacific Ocean.

(4) Construction of a railroad to Alaska was a

major policy goal.

5. The Federal Reserve Act of 1913 was intended to

(1) create a national parks system

(2) regulate the stock market

(3) control the nation’s money supply

(4) establish homelands for Native American

Indians

6. The Federal Reserve System was created in 1913 to

(1) protect endangered species

(2) reduce tariff rates

(3) collect income taxes

(4) regulate the nation’s money supply

Speaker A: Nature should be left as it is found. All

unsettled land should be off limits to

future settlement or development.

Speaker B: Natural resources should be controlled

by big business to ensure the economic

strength of the United States. Our

abundance of land gives us a great

advantage for competing in world

markets.

Speaker C: The natural resources of the United

States should be used wisely. We must

conserve them for future generations

while also using them to serve the

people of today.

Speaker D: No man or institution owns the land. It

is to be shared by everyone and

everything in the best interest of all who

depend upon its offerings.

7. Which speaker best expresses the environmental

views of President Theodore Roosevelt?

(1) A (3) C

(2) B (4) D

8. The statement of Speaker D is most like views

expressed by

(1) Native American Indians

(2) western farmers

(3) railroad companies

(4) European immigrants

9. “. . . There’s no chance of progress and reform in

an administration in which war plays the principal

part. . . .”

— President-elect Woodrow Wilson, 1913

In this statement, President-elect Wilson was

expressing the belief that

(1) the United States should enter World War I

immediately

(2) reform movements are strengthened by war

(3) the nation will require a change in leadership

if it goes to war

(4) the Progressive movement would be best

served by continued peace

10. President Woodrow Wilson’s policy of strict

neutrality during the early years of World War I

was challenged by

(1) German violations of freedom of the seas

(2) British disrespect for the Roosevelt corollary

(3) attacks by Mexicans on United States border

towns

(4) the refusal of the League of Nations to supply

Peacekeepers

11. Which geographic feature most influenced the

ability of the United States to protect its

mainland from attack during World War I?

(1) Gulf of Mexico (3) Pacific Ocean

(2) Great Lakes (4) Atlantic Ocean

12. Which event most influenced President Woodrow

Wilson’s decision to enter World War I?

(1) defeat of Russia by Germany

(2) assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand

(3) raids by Mexico on the southwestern United

States

(4) renewal of unrestricted submarine warfare by

Germany

13. A major reason the United States entered World

War I was to

(1) maintain freedom of the seas

(2) stop impressment of United States sailors

(3) protect United States cities from foreign

attacks

(4) counter a German invasion of Latin America

14. Isolationists in the Senate objected to the United

States joining the League of Nations because they

opposed

(1) creation of the Security Council

(2) colonialism in Africa and Asia

(3) membership in the League by Germany

(4) involvement in future foreign wars

15. Many United States senators refused to support

membership in the League of Nations because

they believed that it would

(1) endanger United States economic growth

(2) force the United States to give up its colonies

(3) grant the president the power to annex new

territory

(4) involve the United States in future foreign

Conflicts

16. One major reason the United States Senate

refused to approve the Treaty of Versailles after

World War I was that many senators

(1) were concerned about future United States

obligations in foreign affairs

(2) rejected United States colonial practices in

Asia

(3) wanted immediate repayment of war debts

from France

(4) supported increased foreign aid to Germany

17. In Schenck v. United States (1919), the Supreme

Court decided that a “clear and present danger”

to the country allowed the federal government to

(1) establish a peacetime draft

(2) restrict first amendment rights

(3) suspend habeas corpus

(4) limit minority voting rights

18. Which argument was used by the Supreme Court

in reaching its “clear and present danger” ruling

in Schenck v. United States (1919)?

(1) The military is under civilian control.

(2) Powers are separated between the federal

and state governments.

(3) Constitutional rights are not absolute.

(4) The Constitution provides for equal pro -

tection under the laws

19. Which issue was the focus of the Supreme Court

decision in Schenck v. United States (1919)?

(1) freedom of speech for war protesters

(2) relocation of ethnic minority groups

(3) use of detention camps for enemy aliens

(4) integration of military forces

Unit VI Depression- WWII

Impacts/Effects of WWI

Great Migration-

19th Amendment-

“Return to Normalcy”- President Harding desired to return the United States to “normal” and remove the US from foreign affairs. (Isolation)

Tea Pot Dome Scandal- Secretary of the Interior was convicted of accepting bribes from 2 oil executives in exchange for them to lease government-owned petroleum reserves.

|Farmers Problem: |

|Increased production to meet the needs of the war continued after. TOO MUCH product |

|Farmers owed loans and due to too much product they were forced to lower prices. |

Flappers (1920’s)-

Harlem Renaissance-

|Threats to Civil Liberties |

|Red Scare 1918- 1919- A scare of communism as a result of the Bolsheviks Revolution. An intense fear of communism swept the United States. |

|Sacco & Vanzetti- Two Italian immigrants were convicted of a crime due to their beliefs & Italian background. (Nativism) |

|Ku Klux Klan- Antiforeigner attitudes increased racism against African Americans, Catholics, Jews, and immigrants. |

|Quotas- (Immigration Act of 1924) limited the numbers of immigrants from each country. Kept the totals for eastern Europe and Southern Europe LOW!! |

|Scopes Trail- a biology teacher accused of questioning religious beliefs with Scientific reasoning. |

Prohibition- (18th Amendment)

Great Depression-

|Great Depression Terms |

|Hoovervilles Dust Bowl |

|Works Progress Administration (WPA) FDR |

|Public Works Administration (PWA) New Deal |

Explain the Document:

World War II

Isolation- Foreign Policy of the United States prior to World War II that geared to ignore issues outside of the United States.

Totalitarianism-

Fascism- a government that is an extreme form of Nationalism, where individual rights are taken away.

Nazism- Fascism is Germany under Adolf Hitler.

Appeasement- To ignore aggression. (US & Britain ignored Hitler’s aggression and territorial conquest)

1938 Munich Agreement-

Lend Lease Act-

|Need to know WWII Terms |

|Pearl Harbor Allies Axis |

|Manhattan Project Hiroshima FDR |

|Churchill Stalin Hitler |

|Mussolini General MacArthur Holocaust |

Explain the significance of the Propaganda Poster

Executive Order 9066- the imprisonment of Japanese Americans to maintain national security.

Korematsu v. United States- A 1944 landmark court case that determined that forced evacuation is reasonable during wartime.

Yalta Conference- 1945 Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin meet to divide Germany in half to ensure it would not become aggressive again.

Potsdam- 1945 Allied leaders (Truman for US) warned Japan to surrender to prevent destruction.

Nuremburg Trials- the trial of Nazis officials finding them guilty of “crimes against humanity.”

GI Bill-

Executive Order 9981- Ends segregation in the armed forces.

United Nations-

Human Rights- the United Nations job to help ensure people all over the world are treated fairly.

Baby Boom-

**End of World War II the United States emerges as the world’s greatest military power!!**

Unit VI Quiz

1. In the early 20th century, what was the primary

cause of the large-scale migration of African

Americans out of the rural South?

(1) supply of new housing in the suburbs

(2) opportunities for jobs in northern factories

(3) availability of cheap land on the frontier

(4) absence of racial discrimination in northern

states

2. The conflict between science and religion in the

1920s was most clearly shown in the

(1) trial of John Scopes

(2) arrest of Sacco and Vanzetti

(3) nativist reactions to immigration

(4) poetry of the Harlem Renaissance

3. In the mid-1920s, the immigration policy of the

United States was mainly designed to

(1) deport illegal immigrants

(2) continue the traditional policy of open

immigration

(3) establish quotas for immigrants from certain

nations

(4) favor immigrants from southern and eastern

Europe

4. Immigration laws passed during the 1920s

changed United States policy by

(1) establishing immigration quotas

(2) allowing only skilled workers into the country

(3) favoring immigration from Asia

(4) encouraging an increase in immigration to

the United States

5. The convictions of Sacco and Vanzetti in the

1920s most closely reflected the

(1) increase in nativist attitudes

(2) federal government’s war on crime

(3) corruption of political machines

(4) rise in labor unrest

6.What was one cause of the stock market crash of

1929 and the Great Depression that followed?

(1) Costs associated with World War I had

bankrupted the economy.

(2) Speculators had purchased shares of stock on

margin with borrowed funds.

(3) Federal tax cuts had caused high inflation.

(4) Low farm production had weakened banks.

7. What was the major problem facing American

farmers during the 1920s?

(1) shortage of fertile land

(2) overproduction of crops

(3) low prices of imported farm products

(4) limited labor supply

8. One of the major causes of the stock market crash of 1929 was

(1) excessive buying of stocks on margin

(2) overconsumption of goods and services

(3) failure of international banking systems

(4) low prices of stocks and bonds

9. Which action did President Franklin D.

Roosevelt take that helped organized labor gain

strength during the New Deal?

(1) requiring the American Federation of Labor

to admit skilled workers

(2) allowing women to work in government

agencies

(3) signing the National Labor Relations Act

(Wagner Act)

(4) selecting John L. Lewis as his Secretary of Labor

10. The Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) and the Works Progress Administration (WPA) were both New Deal programs developed to address the

problem of

(1) excessive stock market speculation

(2) high unemployment

(3) increased use of credit

(4) limited income of senior citizens

11. A major reason that President Franklin D.

Roosevelt proposed adding Justices to the

Supreme Court in 1937 was to

(1) make the Court processes more democratic

(2) end corruption and favoritism in handling cases

(3) influence Court decisions related to New Deal

programs

(4) ensure the appointment of members of

minority groups

12. Which event led to the other three?

(1) migration of 300,000 people to California to

find work

(2) development of Dust Bowl conditions on the

Great Plains

(3) passage of New Deal legislation to conserve soil

(4) publication of John Steinbeck’s novel The

Grapes of Wrath

13. Many of the songs, movies, and books of the

1930s are similar in that they

(1) romanticized urban life

(2) relived the bad times of the past

(3) helped people escape from the realities of

everyday life

(4) pointed out the mistakes that led to the Great

Depression

14. The contributions of Langston Hughes and Duke Ellington illustrate the importance of the Harlem Renaissance to

(1) economic growth

(2) educational reform

(3) the creative arts

(4) political leadership

15. Which series of events leading to World War II is in the correct chronological order?

(1) Neutrality Acts → Japanese attack on Pearl

Harbor → Lend-Lease Act → United States

declaration of war on Japan

(2) Lend-Lease Act → Neutrality Acts → United

States declaration of war on Japan → Japanese

attack on Pearl Harbor

(3) United States declaration of war on

Japan → Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor →

Lend-Lease Act → Neutrality Acts

(4) Neutrality Acts → Lend-Lease Act → Japanese

attack on Pearl Harbor → United States

declaration of war on Japan

16. The policy of Cash and Carry, the Destroyers for Naval Bases Deal, and the Lend-Lease Act were all designed to

(1) contribute to the success of the Axis powers

(2) relieve unemployment caused by the Great

Depression

(3) guarantee a third term to President Franklin

D. Roosevelt

(4) aid the Allies without involving the United

States in war

17. Which change in American society occurred

during World War II?

(1) African Americans were granted equality in

the armed forces.

(2) Women were allowed to enter combat units

for the first time.

(3) Congress enacted the first military draft.

(4) Women replaced men in essential wartime

industries.

18. What was a major result of the Servicemen’s

Readjustment Act of 1944 (GI Bill)?

(1) Millions of veterans received a college

education.

(2) Women kept their factory jobs after World

War II.

(3) Jobs were created by the Manhattan Project.

(4) Veterans were exempted from gasoline

rationing.

19. President Harry Truman changed the United

States military after World War II by

(1) allowing women to serve in combat roles

(2) establishing an all-volunteer army

(3) banning racial segregation in the military

(4) withdrawing all military forces from Europe

20. The post–World War II trials held by the Allied

powers in Nuremberg, Germany, and in Japan set

an international precedent by

(1) placing blame only on civilian leaders

(2) forcing nations to pay for war damages

(3) returning conquered territories to their

peoples

(4) holding individuals accountable for their war

Crimes

Unit VII Cold War & Conflict

Cold War-

Containment-

Communism-

Iron Curtain-

Domino Theory-

Truman Doctrine- Giving aid to countries that agreed not to fall under communist rule. (Ex Greece & Turkey)

Marshall Plan- Aid given to help rebuild Europe after World War II.

Berlin Airlift-

North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)-

Hot Spots during the Cold War

|Korean War |Vietnam War |

| |Draft- |

| | |

|38th Parallel- |Protest- |

| | |

| | |

| |Conditions- |

McCarthyism- The accusing of US citizens of being communist.

Rosenberg Case- Ethel and Julius Rosenberg were charged with giving atomic secrets to the Soviets and sentenced to death in 1953.

Brinkmanship- Policy of being ready to go to war. “on the brink of war”

Arms Race- The United States and the Soviet Union began stockpiling nuclear weapons.

Sputnik- In 1957 the Soviets launched a satellite into space named Sputnik.

Civil Rights Terms

|Brown v. Board of Education- |

| |

|Little Rock- |

| |

|Montgomery Bus Boycott- |

| |

|Martin Luther King- |

| |

|Civil Rights Act of 1964- |

| |

|Affirmative Action- |

Kennedy’s New Frontier- The space program that focused on placing a man on the moon.

The Peace Corps- A program aimed to have volunteers visit and help developing nations.

Johnson’s Great Society- Johnson’s domestic policy that aimed at creating a society that helps the poor, elderly, and urban areas.

• Office of economic Opportunity

• Elementary & Secondary Education Act

• Medicare

• Food Stamp Program

Bay of Pigs-

Cuban Missile Crisis-

Berlin Wall-

Détente- Nixon’s policy to prevent conflict with the Soviet Union.

SALT-

Watergate-

** President Ford pardons Nixon** pardon=________________________ **

|Ford (1974-1977) |Carter (1977-1981) |Reagan (1981- 1989) |

|Pardon’s Nixon for Watergate. |Stagflation- inflation and increasing unemployment.|Supply Side Economics- Regan called for cuts in |

|Amnesty Plan- he offered amnesty to those that | |taxes on businesses & the wealthy trying to end |

|avoided the Vietnam Draft. |Energy Problem- National energy plan that included |inflation. |

|Inflation on the rise due to OPEC placing an oil |conservation, environment protection, & research of|Balancing the Budget- Cut many social welfare |

|embargo on the US due to supporting Israel. |alternative energy (OIL Problem) |programs to balance the budget. |

| |Camp David Accords- Carter aided in having a |Star Wars- NOT THE MOVIE!! Policy of spending more |

|Inflation- |meeting that led to Egypt & Israel signing a peace |for defense and military missiles, ships, & |

| |treaty in 1977. |bombers. |

| |Panama Canal- Carter signed a treaty in 1977 |Middle East Turmoil- Iran hostages |

|OPEC- |promising to turn the canal over to Panama in 1999.|Cold War Ends!! |

| | | |

| | |AIDS- |

|Embargo- | | |

End of the Cold War:

Gorbachev-

Perestroika-

Glasnost-

Reuniting of Germany- Fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989.

Quiz Unit VII

“Security Council Approves Use of Force Against

Communist Invaders”

“President Truman Fires General MacArthur”

“Armistice Divides Nation at 38th Parallel”

1. These headlines refer to which international

conflict?

(1) World War I (3) Korean War

(2) World War II (4) Persian Gulf War

2. Most opponents of the Senate hearings led by

Senator Joseph McCarthy during the 1950s

argued that these investigations

(1) weakened the armed forces of the nation

(2) violated the constitutional rights of many

people

(3) undermined the powers of the president

(4) encouraged the spread of communism

3. In 1957, President Dwight D. Eisenhower sent

federal troops to Little Rock, Arkansas, to

(1) protect civil rights marchers

(2) help African Americans register to vote

(3) enforce a Supreme Court decision to

desegregate public schools

(4) end race riots resulting from a bus boycott

4. The president acted as commander in chief in

response to which event of the civil rights

movement?

(1) refusal of the governor of Arkansas to obey a

federal court order to integrate public schools

in Little Rock

(2) desegregation of the city bus system in

Montgomery, Alabama

(3) arrest of Martin Luther King Jr. during

protests in Birmingham, Alabama

(4) assassination of Medgar Evers in Mississippi

“Batista Driven from Power”

“Bay of Pigs Invasion Fails”

“U-2 Planes Reveal Soviet Missiles”

5. These headlines refer to the relationship between

the United States and

(1) Canada (3) Mexico

(2) Cuba (4) Panama

6. Which development led to the other three?

(1) The United States government increased

funding for science and math education.

(2) The Soviet Union launched the Sputnik

satellite.

(3) A joint Soviet-American space mission was

announced.

(4) President John F. Kennedy set the goal of

landing a man on the Moon.

7. Which development is most closely associated

with the belief in the domino theory?

(1) military involvement in Vietnam

(2) construction of the Berlin Wall

(3) signing of the nuclear test ban treaty

(4) end of the Korean War

8. One reason for the creation of the Peace Corps

by President John F. Kennedy was to

(1) stop the spread of AIDS in Africa and Asia

(2) gain control of territory in Latin America

(3) provide workers for industrial nations

(4) give support to developing nations

9. A major goal of President Lyndon Johnson’s

Great Society program was to

(1) control economic inflation

(2) end poverty in the United States

(3) repeal several New Deal social programs

(4) return responsibility for welfare programs to

the states

10. The United States policy of détente can best be

described as an effort to

(1) reduce tensions with the Soviet Union

(2) negotiate peace agreements with North Korea

(3) halt the arms race with China

(4) end an embargo against Cuba

11.The primary purpose of President Richard

Nixon’s policy of détente was to

(1) expand United States military involvement in

Southeast Asia

(2) assure an adequate supply of oil from the

Middle East

(3) ease tensions between the United States and

the Soviet Union

(4) maintain a favorable balance of trade with

China

12. The policy of détente pursued by President

Richard Nixon was an effort to

(1) increase foreign aid to African nations

(2) maintain access to East Asian markets

(3) reduce conflict with the Soviet Union

(4) end trade barriers among Western Hemisphere

Nations

13. President Richard Nixon’s decision to resign from

the presidency in 1974 was based primarily on

(1) developments in the Watergate investigation

(2) backlash from his policies toward China and

the Soviet Union

(3) protests against his secret military actions

during the Vietnam War

(4) accusations of trading arms for hostages

14. Which event led to the investigations that

resulted in the resignation of President Richard

Nixon?

(1) a decision to escalate the war in Vietnam

(2) a presidential decision to freeze wages and

prices

(3) a break-in at the headquarters of the

Democratic National Committee

(4) an oil embargo by the Organization of

Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)

15. What was the primary reason Richard Nixon

resigned his presidency?

(1) He was convicted of several serious crimes.

(2) He was facing impeachment by the House of

Representatives.

(3) His reelection was declared invalid by the

Supreme Court.

(4) His actions in Cambodia and Laos were

exposed in the Pentagon Papers.

16. The Camp David Accords negotiated by

President Jimmy Carter were important because

they

(1) reduced tensions in the Middle East

(2) renewed diplomatic relations between the

United States and China

(3) slowed the pace of the nuclear arms race

(4) provided for cooperation with the Soviet

Union in the exploration of outer space

17. President Ronald Reagan’s supply-side economic

policy was successful in

(1) increasing government spending on social

programs

(2) lowering tax rates on personal and business

income

(3) reducing defense spending

(4) enforcing stricter environmental regulations

18. One similarity in the policies of President

Herbert Hoover and President Ronald Reagan is

that both supported

(1) a reduction of military spending

(2) the end of Social Security

(3) appointment of a woman to the Supreme

Court

(4) economic changes favoring big business

Unit VIII: The 21st Century & Need to know Court Cases

|George H. Bush |Bill Clinton |George W. Bush |Barack Obama |

|(1989-1993) |(1993- 2001) |(2001- 2009) | |

|Invasion of Panama- ordered troops to |Health Care Reform- In 1993 the |Did not receive Popular Vote!! |1st African American President. |

|capture General Noriega to face drug |reformed aimed at trying to have all |Taxes & decline of economy- attempted |Continues with Middle East issues |

|charges. |Americans have Health Care. Many |to cut taxes but economy was reaching |(Iraq) |

|Persian Gulf War- goes into Iraq after|thought too expensive. |a recession. | |

|Saddam Hussein invaded the OIL country|Scandal & Impeachment- His lying about|Education Reform- No Child Left Behind| |

|of Kuwait. |an affair while in office. |bill trying to reform education | |

|Bosnia & the Balkans- UN helped to end|Economy was full of growth & |system. | |

|genocide & ethnic cleansing in Bosnia.|Prosperity. |September 11- | |

| |Prosperity- | | |

|Genocide- | | | |

| | | | |

| |NAFTA (1992)- | | |

| | |War in Iraq- | |

September 11th Impacts:

Patriot Act of 2001- gives new powers to the government that take away civil liberties(rights) from American Citizens. “we’re watching you”

Homeland Security- new department that focuses on fighting terrorism.

[pic]

New Technology & Computer Age

|Terms to know |

|Internet Global Warming Alternative Energy |

|Natural Resources Acid Rain Conservation |

|Interdependence Human Rights |

[pic]

Need to know Court cases

|Court Case |Impact |

|Marbury v. Madison |Establishes Judicial Review- the right to determine the constitutionality of laws. |

|(1803) |(is the law constitutional or not?) |

|McCulloch v. Maryland |Established the principle of national supremacy. The Constitution & federal laws overrule any state laws. |

|(1819) | |

|Dred Scott v. Sanford |Ruled African Americans were not citizens. Enslaved people were property and the Missouri Compromise was |

|(1857) |unconstitutional. |

|Plessy v. Ferguson |Provided equal but separate accommodations for white and African Americans |

|(1896) | |

|Schenck v. United States (1919) |Established limits on free speech. (Can’t yell fire in a crowd if there is not one!!) |

| |“Clear and Present Danger” |

|Korematsu v. United States (1944) |Upheld the power of the president in wartime to limit a group’s civil liberties. (Japanese Interment Camps) |

|Brown v. Board of Education (1954) |Ends segregation in public schools. |

|Miranda v. Arizona (1966) |Established the requirement prior to questioning to inform the accused of crimes that they have rights. (you have |

| |the right to remain silent…….. ) “Miranda Rights” |

|Roe v Wade |Declared that states could not make abortions illegal and women had the right to privacy. |

|(1973) | |

|United States v. Nixon |Court ruled that Nixon had to turn over Watergate Tapes to the Special Prosecutor |

|(1974) | |

|Planned Parenthood of Southern PA v. |Upheld Roe v. Wade….. Women’s privacy. |

|Casey | |

|(1992) | |

Unit VIII Quiz

1. President Jimmy Carter’s decision to criticize

South Africa’s apartheid policy and President Bill

Clinton’s decision to send troops to Bosnia were

both responses to

(1) human rights abuses

(2) civil wars

(3) immigration policies

(4) trade agreement violations

2. One important conclusion that can be drawn as a result of the United States experience in both the Spanish-American War (1898) and the Persian Gulf War (1991) is that

1. only the President should decide issues of war and peace

2. the media are a powerful influence in shaping American public opinion toward war

3. the public has little confidence in the ability of the American military

4. international organizations play a decisive role in determining the outcome of a war

3. President Bill Clinton’s decision to send troops to Bosnia in 1995 and to participate in the bombing of Kosovo in 1999 were both in response to international concern over

1. trade agreement violations

2. access to world oil reserves

3. human rights violations

4. monetary policies

4. Which list of wars that involved the United States

is in the correct chronological order?

(1) Vietnam War → War on Terrorism →

Korean War → World War II

(2) Korean War → World War II →

Vietnam War → War on Terrorism

(3) World War II → Vietnam War →

War on Terrorism → Korean War

(4) World War II → Korean War →

Vietnam War → War on Terrorism

5. The Department of Homeland Security was

created as a direct response to the

(1) Persian Gulf War (1991)

(2) Oklahoma City bombing (1995)

(3) terrorist attacks on September 11 (2001)

(4) flooding of New Orleans (2005)

6. The federal government responded to the 2001

attacks on the World Trade Center and the

Pentagon by

(1) creating a cabinet-level agency for homeland

security

(2) deporting most illegal aliens

(3) decreasing defense spending

(4) expanding the civil liberties of American

Citizens

7. The disputed elections of 1876 and 2000 were

similar because in both contests the

(1) winner was chosen by a special electoral

commission

(2) states were required to hold a second election

(3) winner of the popular vote did not become

president

(4) election had to be decided in the House of

Representatives

“Gasoline Prices Soar in 2008”

“U.S. Oil Consumption and Imports Continue to

Rise”

“OPEC Votes to Reduce Oil Production”

8. Which conclusion is most clearly supported by

these headlines?

(1) The United States exports more oil than it

imports.

(2) Energy policies are not affected by domestic

events.

(3) The demand for alternative energy sources is

declining.

(4) United States dependence on foreign oil is a

major problem.

9. The growth of modern technology has resulted in

1. a decrease in the population of the world

2. increasing interdependence among nations

3. a growing need for unskilled labor

4. a sharp decline in the need for oil and coal

10. Support for the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) reflected the United States commitment to

1. globalization

2. Manifest Destiny

3. collective security

4. isolationism

11. In which case did the United States Supreme

Court rule that segregated public facilities were

constitutional?

(1) Worcester v. Georgia

(2) Plessy v. Ferguson

(3) Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka

(4) Miranda v. Arizona

12. The Supreme Court decision in Schenck v.

United States (1919) and the USA Patriot Act of

2001 both dealt with the power of the federal

government to

(1) suspend the writ of habeas corpus

(2) restrict freedom of religion

(3) deny civil rights to those who lack citizenship

(4) limit civil liberties for reasons of national security

13. One similarity between the laws being challenged

in the United States Supreme Court cases of

Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) and Korematsu v.

United States (1944) is that

(1) specific groups of people were being targeted

based on race or ethnicity

(2) state laws were declared unconstitutional

(3) immigrants were relocated to prison camps

(4) federal laws segregating public transportation

were upheld

14. The Supreme Court rulings in Roe v. Wade

(1973) and Planned Parenthood of Southeastern

Pennsylvania, et al. v. Casey (1992) are similar in

that both cases dealt with a woman’s right to

(1) privacy

(2) medical insurance

(3) equal pay for equal work

(4) participate in school sports

15. The Dred Scott decision on the issue of slavery upheld the Southern viewpoint that

1. the power of the Supreme Court does not extend to cases of race

2. Congress could not pass a law depriving territorial residents of their property

3. a national vote should be held to decide the legality of slavery

4. the economic well-being of the western states depended on slave labor

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Sugar Act Stamp Act Navigation Acts

Townshend Acts Boston Tea Party Intolerable Acts

Great Compromise 3/5 Compromise Electoral College

Federalist (anti) Ratification Bill of Rights

Preamble Federalism Separation of Powers

Judicial Executive Legislative

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Gap between rich & poor grows larger

Tensions increase between workers & business owners

Workers organize into unions

Business leaders OPPOSE unions

Era of large violent strikes begins in 1877 with a national railroad strike

Major Strikes: Pullman Strike & Homestead Strike

Gov’t sides with business leaders, sometimes using army troops to put down strikes.

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Explain the significance of the Cartoon:

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Explain the significance of the Cartoon:

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