THE IMPACTS OF CULTURE ON THE ECONOMIC …

THE IMPACTS OF CULTURE ON THE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF CITIES

Jan van der Borg Antonio Paolo Russo

European Institute for Comparative Urban Research Erasmus University Rotterdam

The Impacts of Culture on the Economic Development

of Cities

A research into the cultural economies and policies of Amsterdam, Bolzano, Edinburgh, Eindhoven, Klaipeda,

Manchester, Rotterdam, Tampere, The Hague and Vienna

DRAFT September 2005

J. VAN DER BORG A.P. RUSSO Assisted by: M. Lavanga G. Mingardo

European Institute for Comparative Urban Research (EURICUR) Erasmus University Rotterdam

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PREFACE

1

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

3

1. INTRODUCTION

7

1.1. Research background

7

1.2. Objectives of this project and research questions

9

1.3. Working definitions

10

1.4. Research methodology and project output

13

2. CULTURE AND CITY: THE RESEARCH CONTEXT

16

2.1. The urban life-cycle and the "knowledge economy"

16

2.2. Culture and urban development

19

3. A MODEL OF CULTURE-ORIENTED ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

(COED) FOR THE CITY

22

3.1. The "urban cultural cluster"

23

3.2. Evolution of the cluster

23

3.3. The economic impacts of culture

26

3.4. The cultural cluster and the socio-environmental fabric of the city 29

3.5. Integrating three impact areas in one model framework

31

4. COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF TEN CASE STUDIES

35

4.1. Main city characteristics and European positioning

35

4.2. Cultural highlights

37

4.3. Size of cultural sector

43

4.4. Spatial organisation and structure of the cultural sector

47

4.5. Integration with the urban economy

53

4.6. Sustainable development of the cluster

60

5. POLICY RECOMMENDATIONS AND FINAL REMARKS

68

5.1. Testing the viability of the COED model and benchmarking

68

5.2. Policy frameworks and recommendations

71

5.3. Final remarks

87

REFERENCES

89

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