ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS - DRUG PRICE REFERENCE INDEX

 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The 2019 Edition of the Drug Price Reference Index (DPRI) is a product of hard work and dedication of the Department of Health (DOH) Pharmaceutical Division headed by Dr. Anna Melissa S. Guerrero, team efforts of the System Support Unit supervised by Ms. Vanessa J. Saulog ? Obera, and led by Mr. Achilles V. Aragona together with the team members namely: Mr. Christian M. Villostas, Mr. John Lester M. Custodio, Ms. Geny C. Belmonte, Mr. Jaldrin Ivan M. Bunag, and Mr. Christian Joel M. Tambong.

The technical contributions of other staff are also acknowledged in particulars: Mr. Aris M. Posadas for continuously enhancing the DPRI website and database and Mr. Adell R. Azuelo for the processing of DPRI booklet printing.

Special thanks also to all NDP Compliance Officers and EDPMS Helpdesks who aided in the implementation of the DPRI and to the DOH-Pharmaceutical Division family. All DOH Retained / Specialty Hospitals and Centers for Health Development (CHDs) for contributing their data to the Department of Health.

Lastly, we thank our Assistant Secretary for Health Regulation Charade B. MercadoGrande, Undersecretary for Health Regulation Rolando Enrique D. Domingo and Health Secretary Francisco T. Duque III for their unwavering support and commitment in the implementation of the program.

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OVERVIEW

The high and extremely variable prices of medicines in the Philippines impact on access to effective, efficient and equitable health care. In 2009, a study conducted by Health Action International revealed that there was extreme variability in the procurement prices of essential medicines across the national and local public health facilities in the country. On average, originator brands and generic equivalents were procured almost 16 times and 3 times higher, respectively, compared to prices available on the international market.1

The DOH-Central Bids and Awards Committee (DOH-COBAC) and DOH Hospitals were shown to have more efficient procurement prices compared to provincial and municipal health facilities, thus leading to variability in access to essential medicines across the Philippines.

Republic Act (RA) 9502 or the Universally Accessible Cheaper and Quality Medicines Act of 2008 gave the DOH instruments to monitor and regulate the prices of drugs and medicines to protect consumers and the public procuring entities from excessive mark-ups applied to prices of medicines resulting from information asymmetry and the lack of effective market competition.

To address these issues, the DOH Pharmaceutical Division (formerly NCPAM) established a Drug Price Reference Index (DPRI) for all essential medicines to guide all national and local government health facilities in the efficient sourcing of pharmaceutical products in the public sector.

What is the Drug Price Reference Index (DPRI)?

The DPRI lists the ceiling prices of essential medicines for government bidding and procurement set by the DOH for all National and Local Government Health Facilities and Government Agencies. Winning bid prices of essential medicines within the DPRI ceiling reflect efficient and effective procurement in the government. Their transparency and enforcement ensure consumer access to medicines and protection from excessive price mark-ups on medicines.

_________________________________ 1 Douglas B, Tisocki K (2009) Public Procurement Prices of Medicines in the Philippines. Health Action International. The data coming from reputable suppliers are only considered in the database which means that they should be licensed by the Philippine Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and have certificate of Good Manufacturing Practice issued by the FDA.

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It aims to improve the efficiency and good governance in the pricing and procurement of medicines in the public sector through establishing a transparent and publicly available reference price for affordable and quality medicines. It also aims to guide the Philippine Health Insurance Corporation (PHIC) in setting reimbursement caps for medicines both for inpatient and outpatient services.

The DPRI only reflects the acquisition costs including landed cost, packaging, drug content, quality assurance, manufacturing overheads and Food and Drug Administration (FDA) fees. The DPRI excludes other costs such as pharmacy services, preparation and storage fees, and other reasonable pharmacy markups, which are now being evaluated by the DOH.

Who should use the DPRI?

All government entities should be guided by the DPRI when procuring medicines. It shall be applied to all forms of procurement such as public bidding, direct contracting, shopping, negotiated procurement, emergency procurement and consignment to ensure that the government achieves the best value for money in sourcing essential medicines.

What are the sources of Price Data?

The DPRI is computed based on the prevailing tender prices of the previous year (2018) reflected in the actual Purchase Orders (POs) submitted by the DOH Retained Hospitals, Centers for Health Development (CHDs), Central Office Bids and Awards Committee (COBAC) and Philippine Pharma Procurement Inc. (PPPI) to the DOH.

How the Drug Price Reference Index (DPRI) determined?

The reference price is set at the Median or the 50th percentile across the range of prevailing tender prices of essential medicines for each preparation and strength. However, for drugs and medicines with two entries, for patented drugs and medicines and with limited competition the reference price was set to lowest. Health facilities may add an allowable margin up to 10% to account for the inflation.

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How often is the DPRI updated?

The DPRI is updated annually. All DOH hospitals and CHDs submit a copy of their latest Purchase Orders to the DOH Pharmaceutical Division for annual collection and analysis of price data. The updated DPRI is based on the procurement price data of medicines from the previous year.

How to set the ABC of medicines not included in this edition?

In case where the latest DPRI published has no reference price available for certain essential medicines, government health facilities and agencies may do any of the following options in compliance with the Implementing Rules and Regulations (IRR) of Republic Act (RA) 9184 or the Government Procurement Act:

o The facility may utilize the previous year's awarded price as an approved budget for the contract (ABC).

o The procuring entity may conduct a market survey and use the cheapest price in the market.

Occurrence of Bid Failure

In case of failed biddings, provision of RA 9184 and its IRR shall be applied. All procuring entities are advised to submit the list of medicines that resulted in bid failure to the DOH-PD. The report should comply the template provided by DOH-PD which can be downloaded at their website at dpri..ph.

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Drugname A

Lowest Highest (GIDA Area)

1. Acetazolamide 250 mg Tablet

20.00 - 20.00

2. Acetylcysteine 100 mg Sachet

7.00 - 11.54

3. Acetylcysteine 100 mg/mL, 3 mL Ampule

84.00 - 118.55

4. Acetylcysteine 200 mg Sachet

7.50 - 16.67

5. Acetylcysteine 200 mg/mL, 25 mL Bottle 6. Acetylcysteine 600 mg Effervescent Tablet

1,261.26 1,545.00 12.00 - 37.25

7. Aciclovir 200 mg Tablet

3.04 - 8.88

8. Aciclovir 25 mg/mL, 10 mL Vial

512.23 - 1,183.22

9. Aciclovir 400 mg Tablet

4.29 - 30.00

10. Aciclovir 800 mg Tablet

16.25 - 56.07

11. Adenosine 3 mg/mL, 2 mL Vial

167.33 - 2,200.00

12. Albumin, Human 20%, 50 mL Bottle 13. Albumin, Human 25%, 50 mL Bottle 14. Alcohol, Ethyl 70% solution, 500 mL Bottle

1,760.00 2,750.00 1,997.12 3,250.00 48.95 - 51.00

15. Alendronate Sodium 70 mg Tablet

34.00 - 195.00

16. All-in-One Admixtures ("3-in-1" or "dual energy" solutions) "3 in 1" 1000 Kcal Bottle

17. All-in-One Admixtures ("3-in-1" or "dual energy" solutions) "3 in 1" 1300 Kcal Bottle

18. All-in-One Admixtures ("3-in-1" or "dual energy" solutions) "3 in 1" 1400 Kcal Bottle

19. All-in-One Admixtures ("3-in-1" or "dual energy" solutions) "3 in 1" 1500 Kcal Bottle

20. All-in-One Admixtures ("3-in-1" or "dual energy" solutions) "3 in 1" 1900 Kcal Bottle

21. Allopurinol 100 mg Tablet

2,000.00 3,280.00 3,100.00 5,200.00 1,600.00 3,640.00 3,500.00 4,800.00 1,750.00 5,100.00 0.50 - 6.92

22. Allopurinol 300 mg Tablet

0.85 - 13.00

23. Alprazolam 250 mcg Tablet

4.10 - 20.00

24. Alprazolam 500 mcg Tablet

8.00 - 30.00

Health facilities may have a price variation up to 10% above the DPRI to account for inflation

2019 DPRI

20.00 9.00 84.00 10.00 1,261.26

22.00 4.84 977.43 13.28 40.00 221.32 1,920.11

2,275.00

50.00 129.00 2,000.00

3,900.00

1,988.00

3,500.00

3,643.17

2.80 2.09 4.10 18.00

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Drugname

25. Aluminum Hydroxide + Magnesium Hydroxide 225 mg + 200 mg/5 mL, 120 mL Suspension

26. Aluminum Hydroxide + Magnesium Hydroxide 225 mg + 200 mg/5 mL, 60 mL Suspension

27. Amikacin (as Sulfate) 100 mg/mL, 2 mL Vial

Lowest Highest (GIDA Area) 25.00 - 40.77

13.75 - 56.00

22.89 - 24.33

28. Amikacin (as Sulfate) 125 mg/mL, 2 mL Ampule 18.22 - 44.23

29. Amikacin (as Sulfate) 125 mg/mL, 2 mL Vial

16.12 - 56.00

30. Amikacin (as Sulfate) 250 mg/mL, 2 mL Ampule 21.33 - 298.00

31. Amikacin (as Sulfate) 250 mg/mL, 2 mL Vial

18.12 - 61.22

32. Amikacin (as Sulfate) 50 mg/ml, 2 ml Vial

18.34 - 39.77

33. Amikacin (as Sulfate) 500 mg powder Vial

7.98 - 67.75

34. Amino Acid Solutions for Hepatic Failure 8%,

301.00 - 973.00

500 mL Bottle

35. Amino Acid Solutions for Infants 6%, 100 mL

370.00 - 492.80

Bottle

36. Amino Acid Solutions for Renal Conditions 7%, 392.00 - 784.00

500 mL Bottle

37. Amino Acids, Crystalline Standard 10%, 500 mL 800.00 - 1,150.00

Plastic Bottle

38. Amino Acids, Crystalline Standard 5%, 500 mL

425.00 - 500.00

Plastic Bottle

39. Amino Acids, Crystalline Standard 6%, 100 mL

360.00 - 400.00

Glass Bottle

40. Amino Acids, Crystalline Standard 6%, 100 mL

359.00 - 360.00

Plastic Bottle

41. Amino Acids, Crystalline Standard 7%, 500 mL

392.00 - 769.00

Plastic Bottle

42. Amino Acids, Crystalline Standard 9.12%, 20 mL 163.20 - 187.75

Ampule

43. Aminophylline 25 mg/mL, 10 mL Ampule

8.22 - 44.44

44. Amiodarone 200 mg Tablet

5.30 - 35.50

45. Amiodarone 50 mg/mL, 3 mL Ampule

133.31 - 550.00

46. Amlodipine 10 mg Tablet

0.35 - 8.20

47. Amlodipine 5 mg Tablet

0.23 - 5.00

48. Amoxicillin 100 mg/mL, 15 mL Drops

14.00 - 42.00

2019 DPRI

35.00

33.00

22.89 22.96 22.78 27.30 18.12 18.34 16.34 301.00

370.00

392.00

800.00

425.00

360.00

359.00

392.00

163.20

23.09 21.65 231.86 0.67 0.47 19.37

Health facilities may have a price variation up to 10% above the DPRI to account for inflation

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Drugname 49. Amoxicillin 250 mg Capsule

Lowest Highest (GIDA Area) 0.85 - 2.31

50. Amoxicillin 250 mg/5 mL, 60 mL Suspension

15.10 - 60.00

51. Amoxicillin 500 mg Capsule

0.97 - 4.50

52. Amphotericin B (Lipid Complex) 50 mg Vial

1,435.00 -

10,435.00

53. Amphotericin B (Non-Lipid Complex) 50 mg Vial

1,390.00 -

3,325.00

54. Ampicillin + Sulbactam 1.5 g Vial

45.49 - 415.00

55. Ampicillin + Sulbactam 500mg + 250 mg Vial

16.77 - 400.69

56. Ampicillin 1 g Vial

7.99 - 34.00

57. Ampicillin 250 mg Vial

6.98 - 33.00

58. Ampicillin 500 mg Vial

6.12 - 62.94

59. Aripiprazole 10 mg Tablet

49.89 - 143.50

60. Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C) 100 mg/5 mL, 120 mL Syrup

61. Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C) 100 mg/5 mL, 60 mL Syrup

62. Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C) 100 mg/ml, 15 mL Oral Drops

63. Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C) 250 mg/mL, 2 mL Ampule

64. Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C) 500 mg Tablet

15.00 - 85.00 11.31 - 39.50 11.31 - 48.88 14.50 - 42.00 0.45 - 3.20

65. Asparaginase 10,000 IU Vial 66. Aspirin 80 mg Tablet

1,495.00 2,008.35 0.44 - 2.10

67. Atenolol 100 mg Tablet

2.59 - 3.57

68. Atenolol 50 mg Tablet

1.54 - 7.00

69. Atorvastatin 10 mg Tablet

2.10 - 11.54

70. Atorvastatin 20 mg Tablet

2.26 - 18.20

71. Atorvastatin 40 mg Tablet

4.30 - 25.00

72. Atorvastatin 80 mg Tablet

5.99 - 28.50

73. Atracurium 10 mg/mL, 2.5 mL Ampule

59.88 - 230.00

74. Atropine 1 mg/mL, 1 mL Ampule

5.23 - 36.98

2019 DPRI

1.11 21.15 1.28 10,424.88

2,450.00

63.22 23.45 11.29 8.89 8.21 60.00 32.86

20.50

17.64

29.38

0.86 1,698.00

0.78 2.59 2.15 4.46 6.13 11.51 22.00 86.33 13.67

Health facilities may have a price variation up to 10% above the DPRI to account for inflation

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