Newton's Laws Vectors, Free Body Diagrams, & Inclined ...

[Pages:25]Newton's Laws Vectors, Free Body Diagrams, & Inclined Planes Includes Friction, Weight, Universal Gravitation, and Linear Spring Force

1. An airplane traveling north at 220. meters per second encounters a 50.0-meters-per-second crosswind from west to east, as represented in the diagram below.

3. Which vector diagram best represents an object moving at constant velocity as it travels to the right on a horizontal surface?

A)

B)

C)

What is the resultant speed of the plane?

A) 170. m/s C) 226 m/s

B) 214 m/s D) 270. m/s

2. The diagram below represents two concurrent forces

D)

acting on a point. Which vector best represents their

equilibrant?

A)

B)

C)

D)

4. Which vector diagram best represents an object accelerating as it travels to the right on a horizontal surface?

A)

5. Which diagram represents the box with the largest net force?

A)

B)

B) C)

6. Which vector below best represents the equilibriant of the two vectors shown to the right?

C)

A)

B)

D)

C)

D)

Base your answers to questions 7 and 8 on the information below.

A stream is 30. meters wide and its current flows southward at 1.5 meters per second. A toy boat is launched with a velocity of 2.0 meters per second eastward from the west bank of the stream.

7. What is the magnitude of the boat's resultant velocity as it crosses the stream?

A) 0.5 m/s

B) 2.5 m/s

C) 3.0 m/s

D) 3.5 m/s

8. How much time is required for the boat to reach the opposite bank of the stream?

A) 8.6 s

B) 12 s

C) 15 s

D) 60. s

9. Note that the following question has only three choices. A 6.0-newton force and an 8.0-newton force act concurrently on a point. As the angle between these forces increases from 0? to 90?, the magnitude of their resultant

A) decreases

B) increases

C) remains the same

10. Two 30.-newton forces act concurrently on an object. In which diagram would the forces produce a resultant with a magnitude of 30. newtons?

A)

B)

C)

D)

11. Which vector diagram represents the greatest magnitude of displacement for an object?

A)

B)

C)

D)

12. The diagram below shows a force of magnitude F applied to a mass at angle relative to a horizontal frictionless surface.

14. Which combination of initial horizontal velocity, (vH ) and initial vertical velocity, (vv) results in the greatest horizontal range for a projectile over level ground? [Neglect friction.]

A)

B)

As angle is decreased, the horizontal acceleration

of the mass

C)

D)

A) decreases

B) increases

C) remains the same

13. A force of 100. Newtons is applied to an object at an angle of 30? from the horizontal as shown in the diagram below. If the object is pulled at constant speed, what is the force of friction acting on the object?

15. The vector diagram below represents the horizontal component, FH, and the vertical component, FV, of a 24-newton force acting at 35? above the horizontal.

A) 0 N C) 86.7 N

B) 50.0 N D) 100. N

What are the magnitudes of the horizontal and vertical components?

A) FH = 3.5 N and FV = 4.9 N B) FH = 4.9 N and FV = 3.5 N C) FH = 14 N and FV = 20. N D) FH = 20. N and FV = 14 N

16. A block weighing 10.0 newtons is on a ramp inclined at 30.0? to the horizontal. A 3.0-newton force of friction, Ff, acts on the block as it is pulled up the ramp at constant velocity with force F, which is parallel to the ramp, as shown in the diagram below.

17. The diagram below represents a block at rest on an incline.

Which diagram best represents the forces acting on the block? (Ff = frictional force, FN = normal force, and Fw = weight.) A)

B) What is the magnitude of force F? A) 7.0 N B) 8.0 N C) 10 N D) 13 N

C)

D)

18. A 5.0-newton force could have perpendicular components of

A) 1.0 N and 4.0 N B) 2.0 N and 3.0 N C) 3.0 N and 4.0 N D) 5.0 N and 5.0 N

19. Two aluminum spheres of identical mass and identical charge q hang from strings of equal length. If the spheres are in equilibrium, which diagram best represents the direction of each force acting on the spheres?

A)

B)

C)

D)

20. The diagram below shows a person exerting a 300.-newton force on the handle of a shovel that makes an angle of 60.? with the horizontal ground.

The component of the 300.-newton force that acts perpendicular to the ground is approximately

A) 150. N C) 300. N

B) 260. N D) 350. N

21. Base your answer to the following question on the information below. In a drill during basketball practice, a player runs the length of the 30.-meter court and back.

The player does this three times in 60. seconds.

The magnitude of the player's total displacement after running the drill is

A) 0.0 m

B) 30. m

C) 60. m

D) 180 m

22. The speedometer in a car does not measure the car's velocity because velocity is a A) vector quantity and has a direction associated with it B) vector quantity and does not have a direction associated with it C) scalar quantity and has a direction associated with it D) scalar quantity and does not have a direction associated with it

23. The diagram below shows a worker using a rope to pull a cart.

The workers pull on the handle of the cart can best be described as a force having A) magnitude, only B) direction, only C) both magnitude and direction D) neither magnitude nor direction

24. A rock is thrown straight up into the air. At the highest point of the rock's path, the magnitude of the net force acting on the rock is

A) less than the magnitude of the rock's weight, but greater than zero

B) greater than the magnitude of the rock's weight C) the same as the magnitude of the rock's

weight D) zero

25. Which object has the greatest inertia?

A) a 0.010-kg bullet traveling at 90. m/s B) a 30.-kg child traveling at 10. m/s on her bike C) a 490-kg elephant walking with a speed of 1.0

m/s D) a 1500-kg car at rest in a parking lot

26. A force of 25 newtons east and a force of 25 newtons west act concurrently on a 5.0-kilogram cart. What is the acceleration of the cart?

A) 1.0 m/s2 west C) 0.20 m/s2 east

B) 5.0 m/s2 east D) 0 m/s2

27. Which object has the greatest inertia?

A) a falling leaf B) a softball in flight C) a seated high school student D) a rising helium-filled toy balloon.

28. Base your answer to the following question on the diagram below, which shows a 1.0-newton metal disk resting on an index card that is balanced on top of a glass.

When the index card is quickly pulled away from the glass in a horizontal direction, the disk falls straight down into the glass. This action is a result of the disk's

A) inertia

B) charge

C) shape

D) temperature

29. In the diagram below, a 10.-kilogram block is at rest 31. Three forces act on a box on an inclined plane as

on a plane inclined at 15? to the horizontal.

shown in the diagram below. [Vectors are not drawn

to scale.]

As the angle of the incline is increased to 30.?, the mass of the block will

A) decrease

B) increase

C) remain the same

30. A person is standing on a bathroom scale in an elevator car. If the scale reads a value greater than the weight of the person at rest, the elevator car could be moving

A) downward at constant speed B) upward at constant speed C) downward at increasing speed D) upward at increasing speed

If the box is at rest, the net force acting on it is equal to

A) the weight C) friction

B) the normal force D) zero

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