DOCUMENT RESUME ED 396 878 RC 020 612 AUTHOR Schafer ...

[Pages:292]DOCUMENT RESUME

ED 396 878

RC 020 612

AUTHOR TITLE

PUB DATE NOTE PUB TYPE

Schafer, Patricia D.

A Manual of Cherokee Herbal Remedies: History,

Information, Identification, Medicinal Healing.

Mar 93

292p.; Master's Thesis, Indiana State University.

Dissertations/Theses Masters Theses (042)

Guides

General (050)

EDRS DESCRIPTORS

IDENTIFIERS

MF01/PC12 Plus Postage. *American Indian Culture; American Indian History; Botany; *Cherokee (Tribe); Curriculum Guides; Environmental Education; Higher Education; Instructional Materials; Lesson Plans; *Pharmacy; *Plant Identification; *Plants (Botany); Science Curriculum; Secondary Education *Herbal Medicine; Herbs; Indiana (Southwest); Medicine Men; *Wildflowers

ABSTRACT This thesis reports on the research of 25 plants,

used as herbal remedies since the 1800s by the author's Native American ancestors (the Day family) and the Cherokee tribe. The plants were identified in four state parks in southwestern Indiana Information sources included the research literature, articles on Cherokee herbal remedies, and interviews with Cherokee elders and medicine men. The purpose of the project was to develop a Cherokee herbal manual and curriculum guide related to plant identification and the herbal remedies made from these plants. Following an introduction to the purpose and methodology of the study, a literature review covers such topics as traditions, plant healing properties, the use of plants by early settlers and Native Americans, written records, plant medicinal myths, plant selection methods, the role of the medicine man, and Cherokee history and traditions. The third chapter includes information on plant identification, history, Cherokee uses, Day family uses, medical research, and sources consulted. Plants researched include black cohosh, bloodroot, boneset, common or great burdock, catnip, comfrey, dandelion, garlic, goldenseal, mayapple, milkweed, mistletoe, partidgeberry, pennyroyal, senna, skullcap, snakeroot, spikenard, St. Johns wort, common bearberry, white willow, wild black cherry, witch hazel, yarrow, and yellow root. The fourth chapter presents a curriculum guide for a 2-day workshop on plant identification, conservation, history, Cherokee uses, and current developments in herbal medicinal uses. The curriculum includes information on course evaluation; six lesson plans including objectives, equipment, materials, and procedures; and instructional materials needed for program implementation. The manual also includes charts related to plant identification, harvesting, and uses; preparation and storage of remedies; and terminology. Contains

105 references. (LP)

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Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document.

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A MANUAL OF CHEROKEE HERBAL REMEDIES: HISTORY, INFORMATION, IDENTIFICATION, MEDICINAL HEALING

U.S. DEPARTMENT Of EDUCATION Offrce of Educahonat Research and improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION

CENTER (ERIC)

O Th document has been reproduced as received from the person or organuabon OtOnitifQ 4

0 Minor changes have been made to dhorove reproducbon qualIty

Points of vraw ocomons stated in INS doc u. ment do not necessaray represent ofbcI OE RI posibon or pohcy

PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE AND DISSEMINATE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY

Yc&rici 1)

,S.c)ifScy

TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC)

A Master's Thesis Presented to

The School of Graduate Studies Department of Health Studies Indiana State University Terre Haute, Indiana

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Class

Health 629

by Patricia D. Schafer

March 1993

Running Head: CHEROKEE HERBAL REMEDIES BEST COPY AVAILABLE

2

Herbal

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT0 The author would like to gratefully acknowledge and give thanks to Dr. Frank Bell, who advised, supported, and gave suggestions for this manual. Also, thanks to Dr. Portia Plummer, Chairperson, for her support and enthusiasm, and for being on my committee. A special thanks to Dr. and Mrs. Bernard Marley for their help, support, and friendship during the writing of this project. A special note of thanks to Mrs. Paula Pendergrass and Dr. Margaret Earl Harper for their expertise in proofreading for errors in all phases of the paper. I am Also grateful to Mrs. Etta Lou Sellars for her encouragement and behind-the-scenes contributions. Thanks also to Dr. Barbara Crowder for her help with developing the plant drawing overheads, Pat Swails for computer technology, and Lori Douglas for typing manual. Not least, my heart-felt thanks goes to Dr. Mike Atkinson, who also served on my committee, and to Dr. Alma Shufflebarger and Mr. Gary Harper, for their help in collecting, reviewing, and studying the different plants found in Southwestern Indiana. Finally, to my friends, Nancy and Mike Kieffer, Cindy and Randy Beard and Karen and Bob

3

Y=

Herbal

ii

McCloud I am grateful for their kindness, backing and friendship.

4

Herbal iii

DEDICATED TO MY DAUGHTERS Jennifer Jo Meyer and Amy Kay Meyer It was their grandparents, great grandparents, and great great grandparents who inspired the writing of this manual. Without their love, help, understanding, and backing, I could not have completed it.

TABLE OF CONTENTS PREFACE

Acknowledgements Dedication Abstract Chapter 1. INTRODUCTION

Statement of the Problem Purpose of Study Importance of Study Delimitations Assumptions Hypothesis Definition of Terms Methodology Available Research Chapter 2. REVIEW OF LITERATURE Major Traditions Plant Healing Properties Early Settlers; Native Americans Written Records . . Reference Sources Plant Medicinal Myth "Doctrine of Signatures"

iii iv

2 3 3 4 5 6 6 7 8 9

11 11 11 12 13 13 13 13

Plant Selection Methods

14

Spiritual Harvesting

14

Gathering, Storing, Preparing

15

Medicinal Treatment

15

Spiritual Guidance

18

Native American Medicine Man

19

Medicinal Plant Ceremonies

20

Cherokee History and Traditions

21

Trail of Tears

22

Chapter

3. PLANT IDENTIFICATION, HISTORY, CHEROKEE USES,

DAY FAMILY REMEDIES, MEDICAL RESEARCH, PLANT

PICTURES, AND SOURCES CONSULTED

25

Plant Discussion

26

Black Cohosh or Squawroot

29

Bloodroot

34

Boneset or Thoroughwort

39

Common or Great Burdock

44

Catnip

49

Comfrey

54

Dandelion

59

Garlic

65

Goldenseal

71

Mayapple

76

Milkweed, Common

82

Mistletoe

87

7

Partridgeberry or Squaw Vine

92

Pennyroyal

96

Senna, American Wild

102

Skullcap

106

Snakeroot

111

Spikenard

116

St. Johns Wort

121

Uva Ursi or Common Bearberry

127

White Willow

132

Wild Black Cherry

137

Witch Hazel

143

Yarrow

148

Yellow Root

154

Conclusion

158

Chapter

4. CHEROKEE HERBAL REMEDIES CURRICULUM GUIDE

Curriculum Guide

163

Course Text

165

Evaluation

166

Lesson Plan Session One

169

Lesson Plan Session Two

175

Lesson Plan Session Three

182

Lesson Plan Session Four

186

Lesson Plan Session Five

190

Lesson Plan Session Six

194

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