GCSE Maths Revision notes 2015 - S-cool, the revision website

GCSE Maths Revision notes

2020/2021

All copyright and publishing rights are owned by S-cool. First created in 2000 and updated in 2013, 2015 & 2020

Contents

Approximations ..................................................................................................................................... 3 Rounding................................................................................................................................................ 3 Percentages ........................................................................................................................................... 4 Fractions................................................................................................................................................. 4 Decimals................................................................................................................................................. 4 Changing Between................................................................................................................................ 4 Percentages ........................................................................................................................................... 4 Indices .................................................................................................................................................... 6 The 6 Rules............................................................................................................................................ 6 Standard Form ...................................................................................................................................... 6 Indices in Algebra ................................................................................................................................. 6 Sequences.............................................................................................................................................. 7 nth term ................................................................................................................................................. 7 Angles ..................................................................................................................................................... 8 Bearings Notes ...................................................................................................................................... 8 Trigonometry......................................................................................................................................... 9 Pythagoras' Theorem ........................................................................................................................... 9 Measurement....................................................................................................................................... 11 Volume ................................................................................................................................................. 11 Metric/Imperial .................................................................................................................................... 12 Lotus ..................................................................................................................................................... 13 Polygons and Circles .......................................................................................................................... 14 Special types of triangle .................................................................................................................... 14 Transformations .................................................................................................................................. 16 Similar shapes ..................................................................................................................................... 16 Graphs .................................................................................................................................................. 17

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All copyright and publishing rights are owned by S-cool. First created in 2000 and updated in 2013, 2015 & 2020

Linear graphs....................................................................................................................................... 17 Quadratic graphs ................................................................................................................................ 17 Cubic and reciprocal graphs..............................................................................................................17 Graphs of simultaneous equations...................................................................................................18 Inequalities - regions on a graph ..................................................................................................... 18 Travel graphs ...................................................................................................................................... 18 Algebra - Equations and Inequalities...............................................................................................20 Linear Equations ................................................................................................................................. 20 Quadratic Equations ........................................................................................................................... 20 Rearranging Formulae ....................................................................................................................... 20 Simultaneous Equations..................................................................................................................... 21 Inequalities .......................................................................................................................................... 21 Representing Data .............................................................................................................................. 22 Gathering data .................................................................................................................................... 22 Analysing Data .................................................................................................................................... 22 Pie charts ............................................................................................................................................. 22 Cumulative Frequency ....................................................................................................................... 23 Scatter Diagrams ................................................................................................................................ 24 Probability ............................................................................................................................................ 25 Simple probability ............................................................................................................................... 25 Experimental probability .................................................................................................................... 25 The 'and' rule ...................................................................................................................................... 25 Tree diagrams ..................................................................................................................................... 25 Calculator ............................................................................................................................................. 26 Brackets and Memory ........................................................................................................................ 26 Powers and Roots ............................................................................................................................... 26 Standard Form .................................................................................................................................... 26 Fractions............................................................................................................................................... 26

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All copyright and publishing rights are owned by S-cool. First created in 2000 and updated in 2013, 2015 & 2020

These notes cover the main areas of this subject. Please check the specific areas you need with your exam board. They are provided "as is" and S-cool do not guaranteed the suitability, accuracy or completeness of this content and S-cool will not be liable for any losses you may incur as a result of your use or non-use of this content. By using these notes, you are accepting the standard terms and conditions of S-cool, as stated in the scool website (s-cool.co.uk).

Approximations

Rounding

Decimal Places - count from the decimal point Significant Figures 1. Count from the first digit. 2. Don't count zeros unless they're in-between non-zero digits. Estimating 1. Use one significant figure unless you can be more accurate and still do it in your head. Error 1. Measurement is only approximate. 2. The real answer can be half the rounded unit either way. 3. We call them upper and lower bounds. Maximum values of calculations: 1. Addition and Multiplication - use all upper bounds. 2. Subtraction and Division - first number upper bound, second number lower bound. Vice versa for minimum values of calculations. Trial and Improvement 1. Use tables to display guesses and answers. Say whether too high or too low! 2. Be methodical. 3. If you know which two numbers the answer is between try the middle and that will tell you which one it is closer to.

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All copyright and publishing rights are owned by S-cool. First created in 2000 and updated in 2013, 2015 & 2020

Percentages

Fractions

Basic skills: Cancelling, improper to mixed numbers, multiplying, dividing, adding, subtracting. Always change mixed numbers to improper fractions before doing calculations! Finding fractions of quantities - multiply by the top, divide by the bottom. Ratio - find the total number of parts before dividing.

Decimals

Basic skills: Adding, subtracting, multiplying, dividing.

Changing Between

Percentages

To write an amount as a percentage:

Finding a percentage of a quantity: 1. Change the % to a decimal (divide by 100). 2. Multiply by the original quantity.

Increasing/decreasing a quantity by a percentage: 1. Find new percentage after increase/decrease (100 - % increase/decrease). 2. Change it to a decimal (divide by 100).

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All copyright and publishing rights are owned by S-cool. First created in 2000 and updated in 2013, 2015 & 2020

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