World War I: An Introduction



4533900-18276900World War II: Setting the stage4419600110489CausesWWI & the Treaty of VersaillesAppeasementRise of Totalitarianism00CausesWWI & the Treaty of VersaillesAppeasementRise of Totalitarianism1171575108585Largest war in _________________ historyInvolved countries, colonies, & territories around the entire worldBy the end, over __________ million were deadIt lasted from 1939 until 194500Largest war in _________________ historyInvolved countries, colonies, & territories around the entire worldBy the end, over __________ million were deadIt lasted from 1939 until 1945-47626109220What Was WWII?00What Was WWII?57150119380Germany lost land to surrounding nationsWar reparations: Allies collect $ to pay back war debts to U.S.Germany pays ___________________ (modern day equivalent)Germans are bankrupt, embarrassed, guilt ridden, and ______________________Desperate people turn to desperate ________________________!!!!00Germany lost land to surrounding nationsWar reparations: Allies collect $ to pay back war debts to U.S.Germany pays ___________________ (modern day equivalent)Germans are bankrupt, embarrassed, guilt ridden, and ______________________Desperate people turn to desperate ________________________!!!!453390039370WWI & the Treaty of Versailles00WWI & the Treaty of Versailles95250056515The Rise of Totalitarianism00The Rise of Totalitarianism 5715055245TotalitarianismGovernment that takes ____________ control over every aspect of life...public & privateLed by charismatic ______________!Economic problems & __________________________ opened the door for totalitarian regimes to gain power…Fascism: Italy, ________________ (Nazism) & SpainCommunism: Soviet UnionMilitarism: ___________________0TotalitarianismGovernment that takes ____________ control over every aspect of life...public & privateLed by charismatic ______________!Economic problems & __________________________ opened the door for totalitarian regimes to gain power…Fascism: Italy, ________________ (Nazism) & SpainCommunism: Soviet UnionMilitarism: ___________________5715050800FASCismPolitical movement that emphasizes loyalty to the ____________ and obedience to its leader___________________ serves the stateExtreme _____________________ (all others are inferior)Extreme militarism______ Party (opposition banned!)Anti-democratic (democracy is for the weak)_______________________: support private property & distinct classes00FASCismPolitical movement that emphasizes loyalty to the ____________ and obedience to its leader___________________ serves the stateExtreme _____________________ (all others are inferior)Extreme militarism______ Party (opposition banned!)Anti-democratic (democracy is for the weak)_______________________: support private property & distinct classes296227550801Fascist Leaders Maintain Control Through…00Fascist Leaders Maintain Control Through… 46291501269Heavy ______________________________ PolicePropaganda & youth __________________Racism00Heavy ______________________________ PolicePropaganda & youth __________________Racism3619500How & Why Did Fascists Rise to Power?00How & Why Did Fascists Rise to Power?850900116205Fascism in Italy00Fascism in Italy3405352100658Fascism in Germany00Fascism in Germany320040093892 Hitler (“der Fuhrer”)(1933-1945)Weimar Republic (democratic!) Major ____________________ problems, resentment & social unrestNational Socialist German Workers Party (___________________) begins to grow and gain support 1923: Tries to _____________________ in Munich – fails! While in jail, writes __________________ (My Struggle)Germans “Aryans” were ______________ raceCalled Treaty of Versailles an outrage Germany needed ____________________ – “living space”Growing support from __________________ for fascism;1932 - Nazis were the largest political party 1933 – Hitler appointed __________________ by President Hindenburg; Used secret police to eliminate opposition; Dictator – 1934: Creates a totalitarian fascist state00 Hitler (“der Fuhrer”)(1933-1945)Weimar Republic (democratic!) Major ____________________ problems, resentment & social unrestNational Socialist German Workers Party (___________________) begins to grow and gain support 1923: Tries to _____________________ in Munich – fails! While in jail, writes __________________ (My Struggle)Germans “Aryans” were ______________ raceCalled Treaty of Versailles an outrage Germany needed ____________________ – “living space”Growing support from __________________ for fascism;1932 - Nazis were the largest political party 1933 – Hitler appointed __________________ by President Hindenburg; Used secret police to eliminate opposition; Dictator – 1934: Creates a totalitarian fascist state1905086360 Mussolini (“il Duce”) (1922-1943)Constitutional monarchy (democratic!) Major __________________problems, resentment & social unrestMussolini founded Fascist Party & vowed to give Italy strong ________________________Gained support from __________________________ who feared a communist revolution would take placeOctober 1922, 30,000 _____________ marched on RomeKing handed over power to ________________________00 Mussolini (“il Duce”) (1922-1943)Constitutional monarchy (democratic!) Major __________________problems, resentment & social unrestMussolini founded Fascist Party & vowed to give Italy strong ________________________Gained support from __________________________ who feared a communist revolution would take placeOctober 1922, 30,000 _____________ marched on RomeKing handed over power to ________________________190492743200Communism under Stalin (1929-1953)Under Stalin, ___________________ controlled all aspects of citizens lives____________________________ – to industrialize & develop Soviet Union’s economySeized ___________________ & created collective farms ALSO…strong ______________________Youth ________________________Secret police; ________________________ & loss of civil libertiesPurges of opposition; _______________ persecutionHey – that sounds a lot like fascism!In theory, fascism & communism are on opposite ends of political spectrum; in practice, they are VERY similar!Major differences?Fascism = private property & social classesCommunism = no private property and no social classes00Communism under Stalin (1929-1953)Under Stalin, ___________________ controlled all aspects of citizens lives____________________________ – to industrialize & develop Soviet Union’s economySeized ___________________ & created collective farms ALSO…strong ______________________Youth ________________________Secret police; ________________________ & loss of civil libertiesPurges of opposition; _______________ persecutionHey – that sounds a lot like fascism!In theory, fascism & communism are on opposite ends of political spectrum; in practice, they are VERY similar!Major differences?Fascism = private property & social classesCommunism = no private property and no social classes190512019300Communism in the Soviet Union00Communism in the Soviet Union 408241520320Militarism in Japan00Militarism in Japan408241556515Emperor Hirohito (1926-1989)Emperor was a ______________ of state powerInfluenced by ________________ (military leaders)Extreme ___________________Wanted to solve Japan’s economic problems by foreign ________________________GOAL = __________________ (included a conquered China)00Emperor Hirohito (1926-1989)Emperor was a ______________ of state powerInfluenced by ________________ (military leaders)Extreme ___________________Wanted to solve Japan’s economic problems by foreign ________________________GOAL = __________________ (included a conquered China)Path to World War II: Aggression & appeasement417830077470Italian aggression1935: Italy attacks _______________Ethiopian Emperor appeals to League of Nations for ___________League condemns attack, but members do ______________________1936: Italy __________________ Ethiopia00Italian aggression1935: Italy attacks _______________Ethiopian Emperor appeals to League of Nations for ___________League condemns attack, but members do ______________________1936: Italy __________________ Ethiopia-4253099326Japanese aggressionJapan needs _______________, especially iron & coal1931: invade/conquer __________________, a province of China; China protests to the _________________________League orders Japan to return ManchuriaJapan _________________ from the League of Nations!1937: Japanese troops march into China’s capital city, _________________________________ tens of thousands of captured soldiers and civilians and ___________ Chinese women in what is known as Rape of Nanjing00Japanese aggressionJapan needs _______________, especially iron & coal1931: invade/conquer __________________, a province of China; China protests to the _________________________League orders Japan to return ManchuriaJapan _________________ from the League of Nations!1937: Japanese troops march into China’s capital city, _________________________________ tens of thousands of captured soldiers and civilians and ___________ Chinese women in what is known as Rape of Nanjing533643892050175060771730Spanish civil war1931: Spain becomes a republic1936: General ____________________ leads rebellionHitler & Mussolini help Franco & his fascistsNo formal support from _________________ for Republicans1939: Franco wins civil war; Franco becomes Spain’s fascist _______________Hitler used Spanish Civil War as a “practice round” What does this mean?Spanish civil war1931: Spain becomes a republic1936: General ____________________ leads rebellionHitler & Mussolini help Franco & his fascistsNo formal support from _________________ for Republicans1939: Franco wins civil war; Franco becomes Spain’s fascist _______________Hitler used Spanish Civil War as a “practice round” What does this mean?-12382527940HITLER VIOLATES TREATY!00HITLER VIOLATES TREATY!6350067945Hitler makes a move!Soon after becoming chancellor, Hitler begins rearming Germany, ________________ the Treaty of VersaillesLeague only issues a mild condemnation1936: Hitler moves troops into the ______________________ (demilitarized zone formed as a buffer between FR/Germany)League of Nations does ___________!Turning point towards war!Strengthened Hitler’s ____________& prestigeFrance & Belgium now _________to attackEncouraged Hitler to _______________ his expansion00Hitler makes a move!Soon after becoming chancellor, Hitler begins rearming Germany, ________________ the Treaty of VersaillesLeague only issues a mild condemnation1936: Hitler moves troops into the ______________________ (demilitarized zone formed as a buffer between FR/Germany)League of Nations does ___________!Turning point towards war!Strengthened Hitler’s ____________& prestigeFrance & Belgium now _________to attackEncouraged Hitler to _______________ his expansion362521567945Building the Third ReichWanted the land of neighboring nations as part of __________________________ (Empire)Needed resources & “__________________” (living space) 1st target: Austria - Most Austrians ___________________unification with Germany 1938: Germany entered Austria; faced NO ____________________________Official union (Anschluss)Next Czechoslovakia:Demands ________________________ (western border region of Czechoslovakia) be given to Germany00Building the Third ReichWanted the land of neighboring nations as part of __________________________ (Empire)Needed resources & “__________________” (living space) 1st target: Austria - Most Austrians ___________________unification with Germany 1938: Germany entered Austria; faced NO ____________________________Official union (Anschluss)Next Czechoslovakia:Demands ________________________ (western border region of Czechoslovakia) be given to Germany4851070127115002380615100330002103755-95250Who Will Stop Hitler?00Who Will Stop Hitler?-12700130810APPEASEMENTCzechs ask France & G.B. for help1938: ___________________ ConferenceMeeting of Germany, Fr, Britain & Italy (Czechs not invited! The _____________________Agreement:Allowed Hitler to have Czechoslovakia as his “last territorial demand”Policy of Appeasement: granting concessions to maintain _________________Chamberlin (Great Britain’s PM) believes peace has been made…BUT…APPEASEMENTCzechs ask France & G.B. for help1938: ___________________ ConferenceMeeting of Germany, Fr, Britain & Italy (Czechs not invited! The _____________________Agreement:Allowed Hitler to have Czechoslovakia as his “last territorial demand”Policy of Appeasement: granting concessions to maintain _________________Chamberlin (Great Britain’s PM) believes peace has been made…BUT…518925172390HOW DID WWII START?00HOW DID WWII START?350874139213Hitler wants Poland!6 months later takes the ___________ of Czechoslovakia!Next…sets his sights on _________________; But first…What could happen if Hitler attacked Poland? Hitler’s Predicament? Solution?Nonaggression Pact (1939)Germany & Soviet Union: Agree not to go to war _______________ each otherHitler & Stalin also promise to ________________Poland between themSept 1939 Hitler invades Poland & utilizes ___________________, or “lightning war”Sudden & massive attack that _____________________ air and ground forcesFrance & Great Britain ____________________ on GermanyHitler takes most of ___________________; Stalin invades from the east & takes overWorld War II has begun!!…00Hitler wants Poland!6 months later takes the ___________ of Czechoslovakia!Next…sets his sights on _________________; But first…What could happen if Hitler attacked Poland? Hitler’s Predicament? Solution?Nonaggression Pact (1939)Germany & Soviet Union: Agree not to go to war _______________ each otherHitler & Stalin also promise to ________________Poland between themSept 1939 Hitler invades Poland & utilizes ___________________, or “lightning war”Sudden & massive attack that _____________________ air and ground forcesFrance & Great Britain ____________________ on GermanyHitler takes most of ___________________; Stalin invades from the east & takes overWorld War II has begun!!…-10795140970005615305128270008445530480003220720-635000366823312660100World War II: Axis aggression4253058908The Fall of FranceFrance & Great Britain stood by __________________ while Germany _________________ Poland, Denmark, Norway, Netherlands & Belgium; “Sitzkrieg”French & British troops were trapped by Germany’s rapid advance; 300,000 French & British troops were _______________ at beaches of Dunkirk to Great BritainJune 14, 1940: German enter Paris & France ________________________Germans occupy Northern FranceVichy France: __________________ government set up in Southern France; Willingly ______________________ with Nazi Germany General _______________________ led the government in exile – Free FrenchFrench _______________ fighters continued to try to ______________ German occupation of France with assassination & sabotage00The Fall of FranceFrance & Great Britain stood by __________________ while Germany _________________ Poland, Denmark, Norway, Netherlands & Belgium; “Sitzkrieg”French & British troops were trapped by Germany’s rapid advance; 300,000 French & British troops were _______________ at beaches of Dunkirk to Great BritainJune 14, 1940: German enter Paris & France ________________________Germans occupy Northern FranceVichy France: __________________ government set up in Southern France; Willingly ______________________ with Nazi Germany General _______________________ led the government in exile – Free FrenchFrench _______________ fighters continued to try to ______________ German occupation of France with assassination & sabotage4220514605000159488450800The battle of britainBritain is basically all alone!Winston Churchill = PM; Vows to never ___________________Hitler plans invasion of BritainSummer 1940 Germany began a massive ___________________campaign Sept: the “Blitz” (bombing) of __________________ (57 consecutive nights!)Luftwaffe (German Air Force) v. the ____________________________ (RAF)British use RAF, ________________, & code-breaking to resist the Germans!Hitler calls off attacks (no invasion of Britain!)00The battle of britainBritain is basically all alone!Winston Churchill = PM; Vows to never ___________________Hitler plans invasion of BritainSummer 1940 Germany began a massive ___________________campaign Sept: the “Blitz” (bombing) of __________________ (57 consecutive nights!)Luftwaffe (German Air Force) v. the ____________________________ (RAF)British use RAF, ________________, & code-breaking to resist the Germans!Hitler calls off attacks (no invasion of Britain!)375221585415Rome-Berlin-Tokyo AxisTripartite Pact (1940):Military ___________________ of the AXIS PowersNazi __________________, Fascist _______________ & ____________________ Japan(Affirmed right of every nation to “receive the space to which it is entitled & pledged to cooperate to reach that goal as well as to come to one another’s aid if attacked)00Rome-Berlin-Tokyo AxisTripartite Pact (1940):Military ___________________ of the AXIS PowersNazi __________________, Fascist _______________ & ____________________ Japan(Affirmed right of every nation to “receive the space to which it is entitled & pledged to cooperate to reach that goal as well as to come to one another’s aid if attacked)1079585090America’s Supporting roleFDR = PresidentU.S. wants to remain _______________ & avoid war, but FDR wants to strengthen Allies to resist GermanyCash & Carry: Allowed Allied nations to buy __________________________ from the United States Provisions:Required to pay in ________________Required to transport the goods on their ____________________Lend-Lease Plan: lend war equipment/goods to any country fighting against ____________________00America’s Supporting roleFDR = PresidentU.S. wants to remain _______________ & avoid war, but FDR wants to strengthen Allies to resist GermanyCash & Carry: Allowed Allied nations to buy __________________________ from the United States Provisions:Required to pay in ________________Required to transport the goods on their ____________________Lend-Lease Plan: lend war equipment/goods to any country fighting against ____________________World War II: Axis powers on the attack358267048260Axis forces in BalkansHitler invades _____________ countries to set up bases for attacking Soviet UnionUses _______________________ to get Hungary, Romania, & Bulgaria join Axis powersYugoslavia & _____________ resist but ___________________ quickly00Axis forces in BalkansHitler invades _____________ countries to set up bases for attacking Soviet UnionUses _______________________ to get Hungary, Romania, & Bulgaria join Axis powersYugoslavia & _____________ resist but ___________________ quickly5270558420Axis powers attack north africa!______________ & ________________ attacked French and British land holdings in North AfricaSummer 1942: German forces under Erwin Rommel (aka “the Desert Fox”) drive ________________ out of Libya00Axis powers attack north africa!______________ & ________________ attacked French and British land holdings in North AfricaSummer 1942: German forces under Erwin Rommel (aka “the Desert Fox”) drive ________________ out of Libya1988288113665Operation barbarossaHitler’s plan for ___________________ of Soviet UnionHitler needed _________________________; oil & grain Planned a 3-pronged attack on the Soviet Union: Leningrad, Moscow, StalingradStalin responded with the _________________________ policyRussian _____________+ Soviet counterattack = German ___________00Operation barbarossaHitler’s plan for ___________________ of Soviet UnionHitler needed _________________________; oil & grain Planned a 3-pronged attack on the Soviet Union: Leningrad, Moscow, StalingradStalin responded with the _________________________ policyRussian _____________+ Soviet counterattack = German ___________-18446017855HITLER INVADES SOVIET UNION!00HITLER INVADES SOVIET UNION!53163296013Japanese aggression in asiaJapan attempted to take Dutch & French colonial land holdings in the ____________________The United States responded with a _______________________ against Japan (cuts off oil shipments)PEARL HARBORDec 7, 1941 Japanese bombers attacked the US Pacific fleet based in ____________________2 hours = most US ___________________________ destroyed & more than 2,300 people killed; BUT…aircraft carriers not in port!Dec 8, 1941: FDR declares war!JAPANESE VICTORIESJapanese attack ___________________________ defended by U.S.; Fall to Japanese in 1942Japan captures Hong Kong Singapore, Dutch East Indies, & Burma – sets sights on IndiaJapanese forces treat conquered peoples & POWs ____________________00Japanese aggression in asiaJapan attempted to take Dutch & French colonial land holdings in the ____________________The United States responded with a _______________________ against Japan (cuts off oil shipments)PEARL HARBORDec 7, 1941 Japanese bombers attacked the US Pacific fleet based in ____________________2 hours = most US ___________________________ destroyed & more than 2,300 people killed; BUT…aircraft carriers not in port!Dec 8, 1941: FDR declares war!JAPANESE VICTORIESJapanese attack ___________________________ defended by U.S.; Fall to Japanese in 1942Japan captures Hong Kong Singapore, Dutch East Indies, & Burma – sets sights on IndiaJapanese forces treat conquered peoples & POWs ____________________496477062865“A Day That Will Live in Infamy”00“A Day That Will Live in Infamy”3827145128905allied powersGreat Britain – ChurchillSoviet Union – StalinUnited States – RooseveltGovernment in Exile - “Free French” - DeGaulleallied powersGreat Britain – ChurchillSoviet Union – StalinUnited States – RooseveltGovernment in Exile - “Free French” - DeGaulle5207096520Axis powersGermany - HitlerItaly - MussoliniJapan - Hirohito/TojoAxis powersGermany - HitlerItaly - MussoliniJapan - Hirohito/Tojo266764985090WWIIPOWERS00WWIIPOWERS38100342900American victories in the pacificThe Allies Strike Back (April, 1942)U.S. bombers attack __________________; Shows that Japan is ________________ (psychological move!)Battle of the Coral Sea: (May 1942)Air battle ; Allied forces successfully _________________ the Japanese advance on ________________Significance: For the first time since Pearl Harbor a Japanese invasion had been ___________________!Battle of Midway: (June 1942Americans _______________________________; knew where they were headed…Japanese lost 4 aircraft carriers & 332 planes; The “avengement of Pearl Harbor”_________________________ in the Pacific! Led to a new ___________________ for the Allies; Douglas MacArthur: American ___________________ in the Pacific; Plans to “Island hop” past strongholds & attack weaker Japanese islands to get closer to Japan1st Target: Battle of Guadalcanal – after fierce fighting on both sides, Japan abandoned “Island of Death”00American victories in the pacificThe Allies Strike Back (April, 1942)U.S. bombers attack __________________; Shows that Japan is ________________ (psychological move!)Battle of the Coral Sea: (May 1942)Air battle ; Allied forces successfully _________________ the Japanese advance on ________________Significance: For the first time since Pearl Harbor a Japanese invasion had been ___________________!Battle of Midway: (June 1942Americans _______________________________; knew where they were headed…Japanese lost 4 aircraft carriers & 332 planes; The “avengement of Pearl Harbor”_________________________ in the Pacific! Led to a new ___________________ for the Allies; Douglas MacArthur: American ___________________ in the Pacific; Plans to “Island hop” past strongholds & attack weaker Japanese islands to get closer to Japan1st Target: Battle of Guadalcanal – after fierce fighting on both sides, Japan abandoned “Island of Death”World War II: Allied Advance4859020245110071183523050531750306705Turning points00Turning points3434080244475Battle of StalingradProlonged German ___________________ to take industrial cityInitially, Germany gained control of _____ of the cityHowever…the Germans had severely underestimated the Russian ______________!Neither Stalin nor Hitler would allow troops to ____________________Russian forces were able to launch a counteroffensive & ___________________ the German army Cut off _____________________ & forced their surrender! (Soviets start pushing west!)00Battle of StalingradProlonged German ___________________ to take industrial cityInitially, Germany gained control of _____ of the cityHowever…the Germans had severely underestimated the Russian ______________!Neither Stalin nor Hitler would allow troops to ____________________Russian forces were able to launch a counteroffensive & ___________________ the German army Cut off _____________________ & forced their surrender! (Soviets start pushing west!)27940174625Stalin’s Request: Starting in December 1941, Stalin kept asking the Allies to launch an invasion to open up a 2nd front in the West…Why?...but Allies take their time…00Stalin’s Request: Starting in December 1941, Stalin kept asking the Allies to launch an invasion to open up a 2nd front in the West…Why?...but Allies take their time…3810070485War in the Desert: north AfricaThe German advance in North Africa was led by _____________________, the “Desert Fox”British surprise attack at El Alamein forces Rommel to _______________Americans land in 1942 under General ____________________________________Rommel’s Afrika Korps ______________ by British & American tanks By May 1943, the Allies _________________ & control N. Africa00War in the Desert: north AfricaThe German advance in North Africa was led by _____________________, the “Desert Fox”British surprise attack at El Alamein forces Rommel to _______________Americans land in 1942 under General ____________________________________Rommel’s Afrika Korps ______________ by British & American tanks By May 1943, the Allies _________________ & control N. Africa1704975146685Stalin is still waiting for an invasion of France…but FDR & Churchill decide to attack Italy first!00Stalin is still waiting for an invasion of France…but FDR & Churchill decide to attack Italy first!42530309644INvasion of ItalyJuly 1943: The Allies launched an ___________________________ from North AfricaCapture it from Italians & Germans; Mussolini was ________________ by the Italian gov’tSept 3, Italy surrenders but Hitler sends in troops, controls ______________________ and puts Mussolini back in chargeBy June 1944: Allies enter ________________; Germans keep fighting in N. Italy until war is overItalian fighters find ____________________ – shoot him & hang his body00INvasion of ItalyJuly 1943: The Allies launched an ___________________________ from North AfricaCapture it from Italians & Germans; Mussolini was ________________ by the Italian gov’tSept 3, Italy surrenders but Hitler sends in troops, controls ______________________ and puts Mussolini back in chargeBy June 1944: Allies enter ________________; Germans keep fighting in N. Italy until war is overItalian fighters find ____________________ – shoot him & hang his body4572045085The end of the war00The end of the war53163319169D-DayJune 6, 1944: Allied forces launched a ____________________________of German -occupied France at ___________________(Operation Overlord)Largest ___________________ attack in history; Heavy casualties, but invasion is successfulWithin a month, ______ million Allied troops were stationed in EuropeAllies quickly __________________: August 25, 1944 & begin to make their way across EuropeWhile the U.S. & Great Britain were pushing west, Russian troops advanced into eastern Europe and GermanyLiberated ________________________00D-DayJune 6, 1944: Allied forces launched a ____________________________of German -occupied France at ___________________(Operation Overlord)Largest ___________________ attack in history; Heavy casualties, but invasion is successfulWithin a month, ______ million Allied troops were stationed in EuropeAllies quickly __________________: August 25, 1944 & begin to make their way across EuropeWhile the U.S. & Great Britain were pushing west, Russian troops advanced into eastern Europe and GermanyLiberated ________________________5424863223652Meanwhile…00Meanwhile…-635060960Battle of the bulgeA desperate Hitler ordered one last ____________________ as Allies close in on both sidesGerman failure! Germans __________00Battle of the bulgeA desperate Hitler ordered one last ____________________ as Allies close in on both sidesGerman failure! Germans __________288142355334Yalta Conference (February 4, 1945)The BIG THREE: Roosevelt, Churchill & StalinMeet to discuss the terms of German surrenderStalin also agreed to join in the war against ______________ within 90 days of Germany’s defeatU.S. President FDR dies on April 12, 1945; Replaced by ___________________00Yalta Conference (February 4, 1945)The BIG THREE: Roosevelt, Churchill & StalinMeet to discuss the terms of German surrenderStalin also agreed to join in the war against ______________ within 90 days of Germany’s defeatU.S. President FDR dies on April 12, 1945; Replaced by ___________________545127303530Victory in Europe!!00Victory in Europe!!4008474311725Victory in Japan!!00Victory in Japan!!3370520269388Allies move to retake Philippines in 1944Face kamikazes: Japanese pilots who fly _______________________________1945: Americans capture Iwo Jima & OkinawaJapan suffers huge ___________________Advisors warn Truman invasion of Japan will cost many livesManhattan Project: secret program to develop the __________________________August 6, 1945:Little Boy, Hiroshima, _____________ deathsAugust 9, 1945:Fat Man, Nagasaki, _____________ deathsAugust 14, 1945:_______________________ (V-J Day)00Allies move to retake Philippines in 1944Face kamikazes: Japanese pilots who fly _______________________________1945: Americans capture Iwo Jima & OkinawaJapan suffers huge ___________________Advisors warn Truman invasion of Japan will cost many livesManhattan Project: secret program to develop the __________________________August 6, 1945:Little Boy, Hiroshima, _____________ deathsAugust 9, 1945:Fat Man, Nagasaki, _____________ deathsAugust 14, 1945:_______________________ (V-J Day)-8255272415By spring of 1945, Allied armies approach Germany from ____________________: Soviets from the East, Americans, etc…from the WestSoviets finally ___________________ Berlin in April 1945Hitler _____________________ with Evan Braun (April 30, 1945)One week later on May 8, 1945 (V-E Day) the Germans _____________________War in Europe is over!!00By spring of 1945, Allied armies approach Germany from ____________________: Soviets from the East, Americans, etc…from the WestSoviets finally ___________________ Berlin in April 1945Hitler _____________________ with Evan Braun (April 30, 1945)One week later on May 8, 1945 (V-E Day) the Germans _____________________War in Europe is over!!3508744799800811519355The aftermath00The aftermath148442111843EuropeAllies divide Germany & Berlin into ___________________ of military occupationWould be occupied by the US, Soviet Union, Great Britain & FranceHelps start the ________________________Nuremburg ____________ are held in Germany to try the people responsible for the warMany are executed and jailed for _______________ & crimes against _________________00EuropeAllies divide Germany & Berlin into ___________________ of military occupationWould be occupied by the US, Soviet Union, Great Britain & FranceHelps start the ________________________Nuremburg ____________ are held in Germany to try the people responsible for the warMany are executed and jailed for _______________ & crimes against _________________ 2238499138562Japan____________________________ takes charge of U.S. occupation of Japan________________ Japan & brings military leaders to trial for war crimes Democratizes (creates a gov’t elected by people)Japanese people adopt new ____________________Emperor stays, but loses powerJapan becomes a ___________________________________Article 9 – Japan cannot make ___________MacArthur puts __________________reforms in placeU.S. occupation ends in 1951U.S. & Japan become __________________!00Japan____________________________ takes charge of U.S. occupation of Japan________________ Japan & brings military leaders to trial for war crimes Democratizes (creates a gov’t elected by people)Japanese people adopt new ____________________Emperor stays, but loses powerJapan becomes a ___________________________________Article 9 – Japan cannot make ___________MacArthur puts __________________reforms in placeU.S. occupation ends in 1951U.S. & Japan become __________________!The Holocaust: Steps to Genocide 1933 -19455343958230What Was the Holocaust?holocaust (noun):Greek word meaning “sacrifice by fire”The Holocaust (proper noun): The Holocaust was the systematic, bureaucratic, state-sponsored persecution and murder of approximately _________________ Jews by the Nazi regime and its collaboratorsGenocide (noun): The crime of destroying a group of people because of their ethnic, national, racial, or religious identity00What Was the Holocaust?holocaust (noun):Greek word meaning “sacrifice by fire”The Holocaust (proper noun): The Holocaust was the systematic, bureaucratic, state-sponsored persecution and murder of approximately _________________ Jews by the Nazi regime and its collaboratorsGenocide (noun): The crime of destroying a group of people because of their ethnic, national, racial, or religious identity5207034925STEP 1: You cannot live among us as JewsAnti-Semitism (noun):Hostility toward or discrimination against Jews as a religious, ethnic, or racial group“The Nuremberg Laws” turned prejudice & discrimination into systemic racismEXAMPLES:Lost the right to ___________; deny couples the right to ___________; required to carry __________________ cards; required to wear the yellow “_____________________”Nov 9-10, 1938: Kristallnacht (Night of the Broken Glass)Nazis attack Jewish _____________ businesses & synagogues; Jews ___________, injured & arrested00STEP 1: You cannot live among us as JewsAnti-Semitism (noun):Hostility toward or discrimination against Jews as a religious, ethnic, or racial group“The Nuremberg Laws” turned prejudice & discrimination into systemic racismEXAMPLES:Lost the right to ___________; deny couples the right to ___________; required to carry __________________ cards; required to wear the yellow “_____________________”Nov 9-10, 1938: Kristallnacht (Night of the Broken Glass)Nazis attack Jewish _____________ businesses & synagogues; Jews ___________, injured & arrested3164205226250500533402669540STEP 3: You cannot live THE FINAL SOLUTION: The code name for the planned _______________________ of the Jews of EuropeJews were rounded up & sent to concentration/labor campsBy 1942, Nazis built extermination camps (“death camps”) with _____________________ that could kill as many as 6,000 people a day Around 6 million European Jews died in the death camps and Nazi massacres; less than 4 million survived00STEP 3: You cannot live THE FINAL SOLUTION: The code name for the planned _______________________ of the Jews of EuropeJews were rounded up & sent to concentration/labor campsBy 1942, Nazis built extermination camps (“death camps”) with _____________________ that could kill as many as 6,000 people a day Around 6 million European Jews died in the death camps and Nazi massacres; less than 4 million survived53340408961STEP 2: You cannot live among us Jewish Refugees:Nazis try to force Jewish _____________________After admitting tens of thousands of Jewish refugees, France, GB, and the U.S. ____________their doorsJewish Ghettos: After emigration plan failed to get rid of all of the Jews, Hitler ordered Jews in all countries under his control to be ___________________to designated citiesGhettos: __________________________________00STEP 2: You cannot live among us Jewish Refugees:Nazis try to force Jewish _____________________After admitting tens of thousands of Jewish refugees, France, GB, and the U.S. ____________their doorsJewish Ghettos: After emigration plan failed to get rid of all of the Jews, Hitler ordered Jews in all countries under his control to be ___________________to designated citiesGhettos: __________________________________31610308255000 ................
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