Monster Genetics Lab - Weebly



Monster Genetics Lab

You have learned about many different patterns of inheritance. Some are simple dominant or recessive, as in Mendelian traits. In this lab you will investigate how a combination of these genes work together to create an offspring.

Part 1 Procedure:

1. Flip a coin twice to determine the genotype for each trait and record it in the data table.

Tails = allele 1, Heads = allele 2 (Example: if you flipped tails twice, your monster will have two copies of allele 1 for his genotype.)

2. Determine the phenotype resulting from the allele pair for each trait.

3. Repeat steps 1-2 for each trait and complete the female monster’s Table 1.

4. Create your monster with the art materials. It needs to be no bigger than the size of your hand

Table 1: Genotypes & Phenotypes for Female Monster

|Trait |Allele 1 |Allele 2 |Genotype |Phenotype |

|Eye |Two small eyes (E) |One large eye (e) | | |

|Eye Color |Red (y) |Yellow (Y) | | |

|Skin Color |Green (G) |Blue (g) | | |

|Tail Shape |Curly (C) |Straight (c) | | |

|Tail Color |Purple (P) |Orange (p) | | |

|Tail |Have one tail (T) |Have two tails (t) | | |

|Teeth |Sharp (S) |Round (s) | | |

|Feet |Four toes (F) |Two toes (f) | | |

|Horn Color |Purple (W) |White (w) | | |

|Ear shape |Pointy (R) |Round (r) | | |

|Ears |One ear (N) |Two ears (n) | | |

|Claws |Long (L) |Short (l) | | |

Part 2 Procedure:

The female monster (described in Table 1) is married to a male monster (see Table 2 below) and they plan to have baby monsters. They are interested in finding out the probabilities of which traits their offspring will have.

1. Flip a coin twice to determine the genotype for each trait and record it in the data table.

Tails = allele 1, Heads = allele 2 (Example: if you flipped tails twice, your monster will have two copies of allele 1 for his genotype.)

2. Determine the phenotype resulting from the allele pair for each trait.

3. Remember, males determine the gender of an offspring. You will flip a coin to determine if your monster baby will be a boy or girl. The first X chromosome is done for you.

4. Create what the male monster will look like using the art materials, again, keep it about the size of your hand.

Table 2: Genotypes & Phenotypes for Male Monster

|Trait |Allele 1 |Allele 2 |Genotype |Phenotype |

|Eye |Two small eyes (E) |One large eye (e) | | |

|Eye Color |Red (y) |Yellow (Y) | | |

|Skin Color |Green (G) |Blue (g) | | |

|Tail Shape |Curly (C) |Straight (c) | | |

|Tail Color |Purple (P) |Orange (p) | | |

|Tail |Have one tail (T) |Have two tails (t) | | |

|Teeth |Sharp (S) |Round (s) | | |

|Feet |Four toes (F) |Two toes (f) | | |

|Horn Color |Purple (W) |White (w) | | |

|Ear shape |Pointy (R) |Round (r) | | |

|Ears |Have one ear (N) |Have two ears (n) | | |

|Claws |Long (L) |Short (l) | | |

|Gender |X Chromosome (X) |Heads= X (girl) | | |

| | |Tails= Y (boy) | | |

Part 3 Procedure:

Create Punnett squares using the genotypes of the male and female monster to predict what traits could result from a cross between the father and mother monsters for each trait.

Eye Eye Color

Skin Color Tail Shape

Tail Color Tail

Teeth Feet

Horn Color Ear Shape

Ears Claws

Part 4 Procedure:

Figure out the probabilities for each of the genotypes and phenotypes below. Then circle the greatest probable genotype. If it is split 50/50, then flip a coin to determine which genotype to choose Remember, a phenotype can have a homozygous or heterozygous combination. If a trait is EE or Ee, it will still have two small eyes.

Probability of: Ee_________ EE ___________ ee_________ Two small eyes _______ One Large _______

Probability of: Yy_________ YY ___________ yy_________ Red eyes _______ Yellow eyes _________

Probability of: Gg_________ GG ___________ gg______________ Green skin _______ Blue skin______

Probability of: Cc_________ CC ___________ cc______________ Curly tail _______ Straight tail ______

Probability of: Pp_________ PP___________ pp______________ Purple tail _______ Orange tail ______

Probability of: Tt_________ TT ___________ tt______________ One tail ________ Two tails ________

Probability of: Ss_________ SS ___________ ss______________ Sharp teeth ________ Round _______

Probability of: Ff_________ FF ___________ ff______________ Four toes ________ Two toes _______

Probability of: Ww_________ WW ___________ ww_________ Purple horn ________ White horn ______

Probability of: Rr_________ RR ___________ rr____________ Pointy ears ________ Round ears ______

Probability of: Nn_________ NN ___________ nn__________ One ear _________ Two ears __________

Probability of: Ll_________ LL ___________ ll______________ Long claws ________ Short claws ______

Probability of: XX _________ XY__________ Female __________ Male____________

Part 5 Procedure:

Fill in your Offspring (F1) DNA in the chart below based on the most likely occurring genotype you circled in Part 4. For the gender, just copy the results from the male monster table. After filling this out, you may create your baby monster with the art materials.

|Trait |Allele 1 |Allele 2 |Genotype |Phenotype |

|Eye |Two small eyes (E) |One large eye (e) | | |

|Eye Color |Red (y) |Yellow (Y) | | |

|Skin Color |Green (G) |Blue (g) | | |

|Tail Shape |Curly (C) |Straight (c) | | |

|Tail Color |Purple (P) |Orange (p) | | |

|Tail |Have one tail (T) |Have two tails (t) | | |

|Teeth |Sharp (S) |Round (s) | | |

|Feet |Four toes (F) |Two toes (f) | | |

|Horn Color |Purple (W) |White (w) | | |

|Ear shape |Pointy (R) |Round (r) | | |

|Ears |Have one ear (N) |Have two ears (n) | | |

|Claws |Long (L) |Short (l) | | |

|Gender |X Chromosome (X) |Heads= X (girl) | | |

| | |Tails= Y (boy) | | |

Extension Option 1:

Compare this offspring to its parents. What traits seemed to carry on through the next generation? Why? What traits seemed to change completely? Why? List as many observations and explanations as you can.

Extension Option Two:

Find a partner group in the class and combine the offspring you created. This will be the grandchild of your original female and male monster.

Eye Eye Color

Skin Color Tail Shape

Tail Color Tail

Teeth Feet

Horn Color Ear Shape

Ears Claws

Extension Procedure:

Again, figure out the probabilities for each of the genotypes and phenotypes below. Then circle the greatest probable genotype. If it is split 50/50, then flip a coin to determine which genotype to choose Remember, a phenotype can have a homozygous or heterozygous combination. If a trait is Hh or HH, it will still show the dominant allele for hair.

Probability of: Ee_________ EE ___________ ee_________ Two small eyes _______ One Large _______

Probability of: Yy_________ YY ___________ yy_________ Red eyes _______ Yellow eyes _________

Probability of: Gg_________ GG ___________ gg______________ Green skin _______ Blue skin______

Probability of: Cc_________ CC ___________ cc______________ Curly tail _______ Straight tail ______

Probability of: Pp_________ PP___________ pp______________ Purple tail _______ Orange tail ______

Probability of: Tt_________ TT ___________ tt______________ One tail ________ Two tails ________

Probability of: Ss_________ SS ___________ ss______________ Sharp teeth ________ Round _______

Probability of: Ff_________ FF ___________ ff______________ Four toes ________ Two toes _______

Probability of: Ww_________ WW ___________ ww_________ Purple horn ________ White horn ______

Probability of: Rr_________ RR ___________ rr____________ Pointy ears ________ Round ears ______

Probability of: Nn_________ NN ___________ nn__________ One ear _________ Two ears __________

Probability of: Ll_________ LL ___________ ll______________ Long claws ________ Short claws ______

Probability of: XX _________ XY__________ Female __________ Male____________

Extension Procedure:

Fill in your NEW Offspring (F2) DNA in the chart below based on the most likely occurring genotype you circled above. After filling this out, you may create your grandbaby monster with the art materials.

|Trait |Allele 1 |Allele 2 |Genotype |Phenotype |

|Eye |Two small eyes (E) |One large eye (e) | | |

|Eye Color |Red (y) |White (Y) | | |

|Skin Color |Green (G) |Blue (g) | | |

|Tail Shape |Curly (C) |Straight (c) | | |

|Tail Color |Purple (P) |Orange (p) | | |

|Tail |Have one tail (T) |Have two tail (t) | | |

|Teeth |Sharp (S) |Round (s) | | |

|Feet |Four toes (F) |Two toes (f) | | |

|Horn Color |Purple (W) |White (w) | | |

|Ear shape |Pointy (R) |Round (r) | | |

|Ears |One ear (N) |Two ears (n) | | |

|Claws |Long (L) |Short (l) | | |

Compare your NEW offspring (Offspring 2) to its’ parents (Offspring 1) and Grandparents (original male and female monsters). What traits seemed to carry on through each generation? Why? What traits seemed to change completely? Why? List as many observations and explanations as you can.

Extension Option Three:

Look at a picture of your parents and you if you brought one. If not, just think about what your parents look like. What traits do you notice are similar? What traits are different? What traits would you guess are dominant? Recessive? List observations, thoughts, questions, or ideas.

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