The Nuts and Bolts Lab: A Study of the Classification of ...



The Nuts and Bolts Activity: A Study of the Classification of Matter

You should be familiar with the following terms. You may wish to write definitions as you work through the activity.

1. Homogeneous:

2. Heterogeneous:

3. Atom:

4. Molecule:

5. Element:

6. Compound:

7. Mixture:

8. Pure Substance:

Part 1

In this activity, we will pretend that nuts, washers and bolts are 3 kinds of elements. A single washer represents an atom of WASHER. A single nut represents an atom of NUT and a single bolt represents an atom of BOLT. Atoms can be put together to form compounds.

A molecule is formed when two or more atoms join together chemically. A compound is a molecule that contains at least two different elements.

|Name of element |Symbol of element |Picture of 1 atom of the element |

|Long metal screw |Lms | |

|Short metal screw |Sms | |

|Lock washer screw |Lws | |

|Square nut |Sn | |

|Hex nut |Hn | |

|washer |W | |

|Create three different molecules using your elements. Name each molecule and write the chemical formula for each molecule using the chemical symbols of |

|the elements from the previous table. |

|Name of molecule |Chemical formula of molecule |Is the molecule and element or compound? |

|1 | | |

|2 | | |

|3 | | |

1. Using elements, compounds or both, create a homogeneous mixture and a heterogeneous mixture and explain your reasoning for each.

2. Air that you breathe is a mixture of gases, by volume, dry air contains 78.09% nitrogen, 20.95% oxygen, 0.93% Ar or argon, 0.039% CO2 or carbon dioxide, and variable amount of water vapor, on average around 0.4% over the entire atmosphere.

a. Identify the elements and compounds that compose air.

b. Explain this statement “All compounds are molecules but not all molecules are compounds.”

Part 2 Separating a Mixture – Obtain a vial from your instructor. DO NOT OPEN THE VIAL

Each vial contains a mixture of sand, salt, bits of staples, and Styrofoam pieces. Describe the appearance of the mixture.

What kind of mixture is this, homogeneous or heterogeneous? Explain your reasoning.

Develop a method for separating the parts of the mixture recovering as much of each component as possible. You may wish to write a series of steps.

The average person generates 4.3 pounds of waste per day. Considering the amount of garbage produce by humans, escribe why mixture separation is necessary for society.

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