PowerFlex Dynamic Braking Resistor Calculator

Application Technique

Original Instructions

PowerFlex Dynamic Braking Resistor Calculator

Catalog Numbers 20A, 20B, 20F, 20G, 22A, 22B

Important User Information

Read this document and the documents listed in the additional resources section about installation, configuration, and operation of this equipment before you install, configure, operate, or maintain this product. Users are required to familiarize themselves with installation and wiring instructions in addition to requirements of all applicable codes, laws, and standards.

Activities including installation, adjustments, putting into service, use, assembly, disassembly, and maintenance are required to be carried out by suitably trained personnel in accordance with applicable code of practice.

If this equipment is used in a manner not specified by the manufacturer, the protection provided by the equipment may be impaired.

In no event will Rockwell Automation, Inc. be responsible or liable for indirect or consequential damages resulting from the use or application of this equipment.

The examples and diagrams in this manual are included solely for illustrative purposes. Because of the many variables and requirements associated with any particular installation, Rockwell Automation, Inc. cannot assume responsibility or liability for actual use based on the examples and diagrams.

No patent liability is assumed by Rockwell Automation, Inc. with respect to use of information, circuits, equipment, or software described in this manual.

Reproduction of the contents of this manual, in whole or in part, without written permission of Rockwell Automation, Inc., is prohibited.

Throughout this manual, when necessary, we use notes to make you aware of safety considerations.

WARNING: Identifies information about practices or circumstances that can cause an explosion in a hazardous environment, which may lead to personal injury or death, property damage, or economic loss.

ATTENTION: Identifies information about practices or circumstances that can lead to personal injury or death, property damage, or economic loss. Attentions help you identify a hazard, avoid a hazard, and recognize the consequence.

IMPORTANT Identifies information that is critical for successful application and understanding of the product.

Labels may also be on or inside the equipment to provide specific precautions.

SHOCK HAZARD: Labels may be on or inside the equipment, for example, a drive or motor, to alert people that dangerous voltage may be present.

BURN HAZARD: Labels may be on or inside the equipment, for example, a drive or motor, to alert people that surfaces may reach dangerous temperatures.

ARC FLASH HAZARD: Labels may be on or inside the equipment, for example, a motor control center, to alert people to potential Arc Flash. Arc Flash will cause severe injury or death. Wear proper Personal Protective Equipment (PPE). Follow ALL Regulatory requirements for safe work practices and for Personal Protective Equipment (PPE).

Table of Contents

Preface

Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Product Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Personal Safety. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Additional Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Summary of Changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Chapter 1

Understanding How Dynamic Braking How Dynamic Braking Works . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Works

Dynamic Brake Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Determining Dynamic Brake Requirements

Chapter 2

How to Determine Dynamic Brake Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Determine Values of Equation Variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Example Calculation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Evaluating the PowerFlex 7-Class Internal Resistor

Chapter 3

Evaluating the Capability of the Internal Dynamic Brake Resistor . . . . . . . . . . . 23 PowerFlex 70 Power Curves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 PowerFlex 700 Power Curves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 How to Evaluate a PowerFlex 750-Series Internal Resistor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

Selecting An External Resistor for PowerFlex 7-Class Drives

Chapter 4

How to Select an External Dynamic Brake Resistor for PowerFlex 7-Class Drives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

Appendix A

Minimum Dynamic Brake Resistance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

Rockwell Automation Publication PFLEX-AT001L-EN-P - September 2017

Table of Contents

Notes:

4

Rockwell Automation Publication PFLEX-AT001L-EN-P - September 2017

Read the General Precautions

Preface

Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment Product Safety

Personal Safety

At the end of its life, this equipment should be collected separately from any unsorted municipal waste.

ATTENTION: This drive contains ESD (Electrostatic Discharge) sensitive parts and assemblies. Static control precautions are required when you install, test, service, or repair this assembly. Component damage can result if ESD control procedures are not followed. If you are not familiar with static control procedures, reference any applicable ESD protection handbook.

ATTENTION: To avoid an electric shock hazard, verify that the voltage on the bus capacitors has discharged completely before servicing.

ATTENTION: Measure the DC bus voltage at the power terminal block by measuring between the +DC and -DC terminals or between the +DC and DC test point sockets if equipped. Also measure between the +DC terminal or test point and the chassis, and between the -DC terminal or test point and the chassis. The voltage must be zero for all three measurements.

1

L1 L2 L3

2

I

0V

DC+ DC-

0V

O

Additional Resources

You can view or download publications at . To place an order for paper copies of technical documentation, contact your local Allen-Bradley distributor or Rockwell Automation? sales representative.

Rockwell Automation Publication PFLEX-AT001L-EN-P - September 2017

5

Preface

Summary of Changes

This manual contains new and updated information as indicated in the following table.

Topic

Page

Added 200...240V AC definitions to Appendix A

67

6

Rockwell Automation Publication PFLEX-AT001L-EN-P - September 2017

1 Chapter

Understanding How Dynamic Braking Works

How Dynamic Braking Works

When an induction motor's rotor turns slower than the synchronous speed set by the drive's output power, the motor is transforming electrical energy obtained from the drive into mechanical energy available at the drive shaft of the motor. This process is referred to as motoring. When the rotor is turning faster than the synchronous speed set by the drive's output power, the motor is transforming mechanical energy available at the drive shaft of the motor into electrical energy that can be transferred back to the drive. This process is referred to as regeneration.

Most AC PWM drives convert AC power from the fixed frequency utility grid into DC power by means of a diode rectifier bridge or controlled SCR bridge before it is inverted into variable frequency AC power. Diode and SCR bridges are cost-effective, but can only handle power in the motoring direction. Therefore, if the motor is regenerating, the bridge cannot conduct the necessary negative DC current, the DC bus voltage increases and causes an overvoltage fault at the drive. More complex bridge configurations use SCRs or transistors that can transform DC regenerative electrical power into fixed frequency utility electrical energy. This process is known as line regeneration.

A more cost-effective solution can be provided by allowing the drive to feed the regenerated electrical power to a resistor which transforms it into thermal energy. This process is referred to as dynamic braking.

Rockwell Automation Publication PFLEX-AT001L-EN-P - September 2017

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Chapter 1 Understanding How Dynamic Braking Works

Dynamic Brake Components A Dynamic Brake consists of a Chopper (the chopper transistor and related

control components are built into PowerFlex? drives) and a Dynamic Brake Resistor.

Figure 1 shows a simplified Dynamic Braking schematic.

Figure 1 - Simplified Dynamic Brake Schematic

+ DC Bus

Dynamic Brake

Resistor

FWD Voltage Divider To Voltage Control

To

Chopper

Voltage Dividers Transistor

Chopper Transistor Voltage Control

Signal Common

FWD

To

Voltage

Control

Voltage

Divider

? DC Bus

Chopper

The Chopper is the Dynamic Braking circuitry that senses rising DC bus voltage and shunts the excess energy to the Dynamic Brake Resistor. A Chopper contains three significant power components:

The Chopper Transistor is an Isolated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT). The Chopper Transistor is either ON or OFF, connecting the Dynamic Brake Resistor to the DC bus and dissipating power, or isolating the resistor from the DC bus. The most important rating is the collector current rating of the Chopper Transistor that helps to determine the minimum resistance value used for the Dynamic Brake Resistor.

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Rockwell Automation Publication PFLEX-AT001L-EN-P - September 2017

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