2 Literature Review on Attitudes towards Disability

2Literature Review

on Attitudes towards Disability

Disability Research Series 9

Literature Review on Attitudes towards Disability

Literature Review on Attitudes towards Disability

Senior Researcher NDA: Frances Hannon

Literature Review on Attitudes towards Disability

Table of Contents

Executive Summary

2

1. Introduction

5

1.1. The role of the NDA in monitoring attitudes to disability

6

1.2. The need to investigate attitudes

7

1.3. Defining and understanding attitudes

9

1.4. Social desirability/appropriateness and measuring attitudes 10

2. Monitoring attitudes to disability at home

and abroad

12

2.1. The Irish surveys in an international context

13

2.2. Awareness of disability issues

13

2.3. Interpersonal relations

15

2.4. Fairness, access and opportunity

16

2.5. Attitudes to disability in people with and without disabilities 16

2.6. Employment

17

2.7. Education

21

2.8. Mental Health

23

3. The Generation of Negative Attitudes

26

3.1. The social construction of disability

27

3.2. Low expectations

28

3.3. Lack of visibility, ignorance and fear

29

3.4. Stigma, stereotyping and prejudice

30

4. Attitude change

33

4.1. Attitude formation and motives for change

34

4.2. The Contact Hypothesis

35

4.3. Disability awareness training, knowledge and understanding 36

4.4. Remove obstacles to achieving human potential

38

5.0. Discussion: Where to from here?

40

5.1. Interventions to improve attitudes to disability

41

5.2. Interventions should be wide-ranging

42

5.3. Attitudes to disability of people with disabilities

43

5.4. The right to full human development

44

6.0. Conclusion

45

References

47

Appendix 1 Methodology

65

1

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