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European History AP 2013-2014 SyllabusInstructor: Ms. E. Breault?Email: ebreault1@ Email: erinbreault@OverviewThe Advanced Placement program, administered by the College Board, is an opportunity for students to study college-level material while still in high school. It is a bridge from high school to college. The culmination of the course is the Advanced Placement European History exam, which is currently held in May. Students who successfully complete the exam may be eligible for college credit, as well as being able to place out of the introductory level course, depending on the college or university they attend.The primary focus of Advanced Placement European History course will be to provide students with a critical and analytical survey course. Like an introduction to European history course at the college level, this AP course covers more than 550 years of history – from the Renaissance through the modern period – in 32 weeks of study!The focus of the course is to teach students to analyze and understand European history from an intellectual/cultural, political/diplomatic, and social/economic standpoint; master a significant amount of historical information; and write critical essays. Skills covered are critical, expository essay writing, and analyzing primary sources for use in research projects and on exams.The course is broken up into a series of units from the renaissance through the modern era. For each unit, students are expected to read a significant amount on their own, as well as be prepared for discussions and activities that will enhance their learning and comprehension of European history. Each unit will conclude with an exam that includes Advanced Placement-style multiple-choice questions and either a free response essay or a document-based question. In addition, several short writing assignments and one major research project will be completed over the course of two semesters. The research paper will be in an area of interest to the student.This course is open to any student who has successfully completed World History and United States History with a “B” or better, or the permission of the instructor. Requirements:You are also strongly encouraged to purchase a flash drive (aka thumb or jump drive) for this course and to back up all materials so that when your computer's hard drive crashes. . .Primary Text BookSpielvogel, Jackson J. Western Civilization Since 1300. 8th Ed. Boston: Wadsworth Cengage Learning, 2012.Supplemental ReadingsKagan, Donald, Steven Ozment, and Frank M. Turner. The Western Heritage. 7th ed. Upper Saddle River: Prentice Hall, 2001.Lualdi, Katharine J. Sources of The Making of the West: Peoples and Cultures. Vol. 22: Since 1340. Bedford/St. Martin’s, 2003.Additional articles and primary sources will be distributed throughout the course to augment the texts mentioned above.The AP ExamThis class is an elective. As such, your decision to sign up for this experience is a tribute to your quest for knowledge and willingness to challenge yourself in a college-level course in this, your senior year. With that said, this course is designed to prepare you for the College Board’s Advanced Placement? European History exam. All of the readings, exercises, and exams are constructed with an eye towards making you prepared to be successful on this particular exam. As such, you will need a very good reason for not taking the AP exam in May 2014. The expectation is that you will take the exam. However, even if you do not sign up for the exam, ALL students will take a full practice exam one week prior to the scheduled exam. GradingGrades are calculated using a weighted point system. All assignments, quizzes, essays, projects, and tests are given a point value. Assessments and extended work are worth 60%; Classwork/Participation are worth 20%; Homework assignments are worth 20%. Grades for the marking period are determined based on the following:A = 100-90%; B = 89.99-80.00% C = 79.99-70.00% D = 69.99-60.00% E = 59.99% or less ?Exams ?Each unit of study will conclude with an exam. Exams will train students in the AP- style of writing and to familiarize them with AP questions. To that end, exams are administered in two class periods. Day one will consist of either a Free Response Question (FRQ) or a Document-Based Question (DBQ) from a released AP exam; day two will consist of a selection of released AP multiple-choice questions and other comparable multiple-choice questions from other sources. As such, students will have an opportunity to write approximately six FRQs and four DBQs under exam conditions during the course.ProjectsStudents will be required to do several minor and major projects throughout the course. These projects will include, but are not limited to, analyzing document-based questions, incorporating primary sources into a critical essay, analyzing primary sources, writing as an historical figure, DBQ practice, take-home essays, and researching major social, political, and economic events of specific time periods.In addition to the above, students will be required to write a review of two articles from a history periodicals during each semester and a research paper that will conclude during the second semester. Along with the major research paper, students will present their paper to their class colleagues following the Advanced Placement exam in May.Select an article from the list below OR from the list I gave you for extra credit. Prepare and deliver to your classmates a 15-minute presentation on the article. Submit a three- page analysis of the article to the lone adult in the room.FIRST-SEMESTER READINGSBernard, George. W. “The Fall of Anne Boleyn.” Darnton, Robert. ‘Workers Revolt: The Great Cat Massacre." Fox-Genovese, Elizabeth. “Women and the Enlightenment.” Gillis, John R. "Courtship Rituals and the Basis of Marriage." Gould, Stephen J. “The Upwardly Mobile Fossils of Leonardo’s Living Earth.” From: ?Leonardo’s Mountain of Clams and the Diet of Worms. Graham, Ruth. “Loaves and Liberty: Women in the French Revolution.” Ives, E. W. “The Fall of Anne Boleyn Reconsidered.” Jones, Chris. “Mary Wollstonecraft’s Vindications and their Political Tradition.” Kelly-Gadol, Joan. “Did Women Have a Renaissance?” Kennedy, Emmet. “Revolutionary Festivals” and “De-Christianization.” From: A Cultural ?History of the French Revolution. Kleinbaum, Abby. “Women in the Age of Light.” Larner, Christina. “Who Were The Witches?” Levy, Darlene Gay, and Harriet Branson Applewhite. “Women and Political Revolution ?in Paris.” McManners, John. "Death’s Arbitrary Empire." O’Neill, Daniel. “John Adams vs. Mary Wolstonecraft on the French Revolution and ?Democracy.” Rudé, George. “The French Revolution: The Political Riot; The Food Riot; The Labor ?Dispute.” From: The Crowd in History: A Study of Popular Disturbances in France and ?England, 1730-1848. Sharpe, James. “Witchcraft.” Wilson, Peter H. “The Causes of the Thirty Years War.” SECOND-SEMESTER READINGSAries, Philippe. “The Twentieth Century Way Of Death”. Bridenthal, Renate. “Something Old, Something New: Women Between The Two World ?Wars”. Brown, Kenneth D. “Toys And War” Corbin, Alain. “A Redefinition Of Disgust.” Cronin, Mike. “Projecting the Nation Through Sport and Culture: Ireland, Aonach ?Tailteann, and the Irish Free State, 1924-32.” 1. Doherty, Gabriel. “National Identity and the Study of Irish History.”Fisher, Marc. “Fire And Ash”. _____. “Germans And Jews”. Goubert, Jean-Pierre. “The Rise Of Modern Medicine”. Hauner, Milan. “Did Hitler Really Want World Dominion?” Koontz, Claudia. “Mothers In The Fatherland: Women In Nazi Germany”. McBride, Theresa M. “A Woman’s World: Department Stores And The Evolution Of ?Women’s Employment, 1870-1920”. McKendrik, Neil. “The Origins Of Consumerism”. McKibbon, Ross. “Why Was There No Marxism in Great Britain?” Mosse, George. “Friendship and Nationhood: About the Promise and Failure of German ?Nationalism.” _____. “The Mystical Origins Of National Socialism”. _____. “Nationalism And Respectability: Normal and Abnormal Sexuality in the ?Nineteenth Century.” Murray, Williamson. “The Gathering Storm: From World War I to World War II.” Omissi, David. “Europe Through Indian Eyes: Indian Soldiers Encounter England and ?France, 1914-1918.” Parrella, Anne. “Murder And The Family”. Poiger, Uta G.. “Music And Gender In Postwar Germany: Rock ‘N’ Roll”. Rosenthal, Bernice Glatzer. “Love On The Tractor: Women In The Russian Revolution ?And After”. Townshend, Charles. “The Irish Republican Army and the Development of Guerrilla ?Warfare, 1916-1921.” Veitch, Colin. “’Play Up! Play Up! And Win The War!’ Football, The Nation, And The ?First World War, 1914-15”. Walvin, James. “The Rise Of Sports.” Caveats and Fair WarningsWhile I will make every effort to adhere to the timetable and assign within this syllabus, please note that changes and alterations are bound to occur. I reserve the right to substitute, add, or drop reading assignments as I see fit during the course of the year. I appreciate your willingness to be flexible.Unit ContentUnit I: The Later Middle Ages, Renaissance, Reformation and Religious Wars(3 September - 3 October)This introductory unit is our entrée into modern Europe. Generally speaking, the renaissance is considered by most historians the beginning of the modern period. To that end, we will be examining the end of feudal politics and the reasons for the rise of this ‘awakening’ among the various classes of late medieval Europe. In particular, the concepts of individualism and humanism as espoused by major thinkers of the time like Petrarch, Bruni, and Erasmus will be investigated. In addition we will compare and contrast the Southern Renaissance (i.e. Italy) to that of the Northern Renaissance through religion, art, and family. This unit will conclude with a lengthy look at the causes of and reaction to the Protestant Reformation and Catholic Counter- Reformation through the writings of Luther, Calvin, Zwingli, and Loyola; their affect on European politics; and the outcome of more than 90 years of religious conflict.? Readings:Western Civilization, Ch. 11 pp. 306-315; 315-325; 326-337; Ch. 12 pp. 341-347; 347-352; 352-366; 366-373; Ch. 13 pp. 377-389; 389-396; 396-398; 398-402; 402-410Sources of The Making of the West, The Black Death, pp. 1-4.Stuard, Susan, “The Dominion of Gender: Women’s Fortunes in the High Middle Ages”, p. 153. Becoming Visible: Women in European History, 2nd Ed. The Western Tradition, Part I. Annenberg/CPB Collection/PBS Home Video, Program 23 and 24, “The Late Middle Ages” and “The National Monarchies”.Craft, Dominique, “About the Essays: The Document-Based Question (DBQ) and Free Response Questions”, p.7. Teacher’s Resource Guide.Sources of Western Tradition, pp. 6-20 Other readings (including, but not limited to) A Reformation Debate Obedience to "Our Holy Mother, the Hierarchical Church" (Ignatius Loyola) The Act of Supremacy (Henry VIII of England) TULIP: The Five Points of Calvinism Ordinances For The Regulation of the Churches (John Calvin) The Treaty of Westphalia Against the Spanish Armada (Queen Elizabeth I of England) Eye Witness Account of the St. Bartholomew's Massacre Major Concepts/Ideas?? Overview of feudalism and its problems ?Individualism and humanism?? Machiavelli and politics ?Southern Renaissance – Why Italy? ?Northern Renaissance – How does it differ from the Renaissance in Italy? ? Changes in art, architecture, and literature (Shakespeare, Cervantes, Rafael, Michelangelo, Da Vinci, and more) Luther, Calvinism, and the Catholic Church?Causes of reform?The Catholic Church and the counter ReformationEnglish Reformation?French, Spanish, and English religious wars; Thirty Years War; Treaty of WestphaliaUnit II: The Emergence of Early Modern Nation-States and European ExpansionOctober We refresh our memories about the age of exploration in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries and its impact on global (and specifically European) trade. In particular, we will examine the reasons for some countries getting a quick jump over their competitors and the reasons for why they could not hold on to the lead. In addition, we will look at the regional issues around power consolidation and the reasons behind why each area developed as it did, with particular emphasis on England and France, and Prussia and the Holy Roman Empire.Readings:Western Civilization, pp. 414-484 Additional readings (including, but not limited to): The Declaration of Rights (1689) Jean-Baptiste Colbert on French Finances Louis XIV Revokes the Edict of Nantes (1685) Cardinal Richelieu, Political Testament ? Major Concepts/Ideas:European trade before Columbus; Columbian exchange; The Role of the Slave Trade; Encomienda system; Mercantilism Global trade in the era of exploration Oliver Cromwell, the English Civil War, ?and the Puritan ‘Republic’; The Restoration of the English ?monarchy; The Glorious Revolution Richelieu, Louis XIII, and the rise of the ?absolute monarchy in France; Le Roi Soleil, Louis XIV The maritime powers of England, ?France, and the Netherlands Life of the peasants and serfs; Impact of the first industrial revolution ?(18th century) on society; Growth of cities Art and Literature – The rise and fall of ?the Dutch Masters Unit III: Changes in Science, Thought, and SocietyNovember We take a step back from politics to look at ideas. Ideas that changed humankind's understanding of our place in the greater scheme of things. In particular, the altered vision of nature and mathematics as promoted by sixteenth and seventeenth century natural philosophers, particularly the idea of the Earth revolving around the sun. But wait, there's more. Individuals began to also question the people's relationship to government, class, and each other. Even monarchs decided to get into the game. The unit concludes by examining the impact of these new concepts in science and philosophy on the different strata of society, commerce, and the family.Readings:Western Civilization, Ch. 16 pp. 488-511; Ch. 17 pp. 514-526; 526-536; p. 536-540; Ch. 18 pp. 543-554; 554-558; 558-565; 565-572E.P. Thompson, “The Moral Economy of the English Crowd in the Eighteenth Century”, p. 76-136Sources of Western Tradition, pp. 30-56; 57-94Additional readings:? David Hume, “On Miracles”;?Baron de Montesquieu, “The Spirit of Laws”Major Concepts/Ideas:Was it a ‘Scientific Revolution’ or ‘Scientific Evolution?’Causes of the Scientific RevolutionCopernicus, Galileo, Brahe, and the challenge to Church doctrineBacon, Descartes, and scientific methodologyNewton and gravity?Harvey and the circulatory system Defining the Enlightenment?The Philosophes?The ideas of Locke, Hobbes, Rousseau, Voltaire, and more!? Deism?? The effects of Enlightenment thinking on society?? “Enlightened” Absolutism: Frederick the Great (Prussia), Joseph II (Austria), and Catherine the Great (Russia)? Agricultural Revolution of the eighteenth century: The enclosure movement; Population growth and urbanization; Spread of elementary schools; Creation of a consumer society; First Great Awakening (in England)Unit IV: The French Revolution, the Napoleonic age, and the Conservative BacklashDecemberOnce again Europe is rocked by tumult. In this case it is the French Revolution, which upends traditional society in the name of liberty and equality. We examine the overall effect of this revolution on French and European society, but also its impact on the different groups within France. We move on from the Revolution to the successful consolidation of power through a coup d'etat by Napoleon Bonaparte. In particular, we will consider the impact of Napoleon’s polices that he instituted over Europe during his 15-year reign. Finally, we finish by looking at the various reactions to the dominant thought of the eighteenth century – the Enlightenment – with a romp through the isms of the late-eighteenth century and early nineteenth century. Ideas that ultimately shape events through the middle of the twentieth century.Readings:Western Civilization, Ch. 19, pp. 574-581; 581-588; 588-597; 597-601; 601-604Levy and Applewhite, “Women and Militant Citizenship in Revolutionary Paris”, p. 79-98 in The Other RevolutionSources of The Making of the West, pp.45-51Sources of the Western Tradition, pp. 148-150 Main Concepts/Ideas:Long- and short-term causes of the ?French Revolution: Economic, Societal, ?and Political Life under the Ancien Régime: the ?Aristocracy, the Church, the tradesmen, ?and the peasants The Rights of Man (and women, and ?other groups) Conditions that brought Napoleon to ?power Napoleon’s domestic and foreign policy Use of Art to promote the Revolution ?and Napoleon – Jacques-Louis David Unit V: Nineteenth Century Europe – Industrialization, Urbanization, and Political UpheavalJanuaryThe nineteenth century was another period of social upheaval and political instability throughout Europe. The first industrial revolution (1780-1850) and the second industrial revolution (1860- 1920) created new densely packed urban centers that were not equipped for the masses moving into them. As a result the traditional family structure was fragmented, particularly among the lower classes. New wealth was created, which undermined the traditional structure of society with those of nobility at the top. Finally, it created tensions within societies struggling to create a new political reality and between peoples attempting to create a sense of peoplehood (i.e. nation- state).Readings:?Western Civilization: Ch. 20, pp. 607-616; 616-633; Ch. 21, pp. 637-647; 647-651; 651-657; 658-667Sources of the Making of the West: pp. 53-64.Sources of the Western Tradition: pp. 210-217; 232-233; and 236-2381) Chartist petition:? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?2) The Chartist anthem) Karl Marx on Chartism this link scroll down to the section on Chartism:) Women's Suffrage:Susan Kingsley Kent, Sex and Suffrage in Britain, 1860-1914, Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1987, chap VII, 184-219.5) Antoinette Burton, Burdens of History: British Feminists, Indian Women and Imperial Culture, 1865-1915, Chapel Hill & London: University of North Carolina Press, 1994, Chap 2, 33-62.? Other readings as assigned Main Concepts/Ideas:Early industrialization Classical Economics Effects of industrialization on the family, ?women, and children Labor and factory legislation Mass migration to the cities Early socialism: Utopian, Anarchism, ?and Marx The Congress of Vienna Defining Romanticism Romanticism and Reason, a conflict? Romanticism’s influence on society and ?the arts Defining Liberalism Liberalism and Nationalism Resistance to liberal ideas, Conservative ?political systems Challenges to the conservative order Revolutions of independence (Spain, ?Greece, Serbia) Upheaval in Europe: the revolutions of ?1848 The mid-nineteenth century through the beginning of the twentieth century witnessed a lot of change within European society. In effect the rate of change increased, altering traditional society faster than at any previous time in history. The population of Europe continued to increase, and the nature of that population moved from being mostly rural to that of an urban industrial population. At the same time the idea romantic nationalism began to take hold of peoples with common heritage and culture, promoting the idea of national statehood. This is best exemplified by the unification of Italy and Germany, and a sense of pan-Slavism in Eastern Europe. These ideas of nationalism were challenged by a growing sense of alienation by the proletariat and the alternative of socialism. The unit ends with European imperialism and the uneasy alliances between the relatively new nation-states that results in the calamity of the First World War and (another) redrawing of the map Europe.Readings:Western Civilization, Ch. 22 pp. 671-676; 676-682; 682-688; 690-692; 692-70; Ch. 23 pp. 705-713; 714-729; Ch. 24 pp. 729-734; 738-749; 749-758; 759-769; 769-772; Ch. 25 pp. 776-780; 780-797; 797-804; 804-809Sources of Western Tradition, pp. 170-192; 242-268Chase, Workers, Society and the Soviet State, “Political Aspiration and Political Necessity: Moscow and Its Proletariat, 1918-1921”.Other readings as assigned Main Concepts/Ideas:Italian and German Unification From Napoleon III to the Third Republic Russia emancipates the serfs (and other ?liberal acts of the Romanovs) ? Realpolitik?? Great Britain and democratic reform ? The Second Industrial RevolutionPolitical reform, class differences, and the plight of the lower classes Paris CommuneDarwinism? Cubism and the birth of “Modern Art”?? Realism and Nature in Art and Literature ? The birth of psychoanalysis?? Philosophy and the reaction against realism? The changing art scene: the rise of the Impressionists? Rise of Feminism/Arguments for women’s suffrage? Jewish emancipation, persecution, and the rise of ZionismLabor, Socialism, and the Rise of Marxism The scramble for Africa (and other parts of the world) Entangled alliances and the arms race Nationalism and the path to war(s) The Russo-Japanese war Bismarck and the emergence of the ?German empire ? World War I: the battle-front, new technologies, and life on the home front? The Treaty of Versailles and U.S. President Wilson’s 14 points for everlasting peace? The Revolution of 1905; Weak leadership and haphazard reform ? Causes of the Russian Revolution?; The Intelligentsia, Mensheviks, the Bolsheviks, and other radical groups ? Lenin's policiesUnit VII: An Uncertain Peace, Extreme Governments, and the Second World WarMarch – April This unit examines a period in Europe often referred to as the interwar period. In particular, it will look at the experiments in all sorts of government from the socialist leaning democracy of Czechoslovakia to the military dictatorship of a reconstituted Poland to the totalitarian governments of fascist Italy, Spain and Germany, and communist Soviet Union. Additionally, this unit will explore elements of the Second World War including western nations policy of appeasement, the course of WW II, the Holocaust and consequences of WW II, the home front, and how the atomic bomb transforms the world.Readings:Western Civilization, Ch. 26, pp. 813-816; 816-821; 821-839; 839-842; 842-847; Ch. 27, pp. 849-857; 857-865; 865-872; 872-877; 877-882Sources of Western Tradition, Ch. 12 p. 359; p. 367Adam Tooze, The Wages of Destruction: The Making and Breaking of the Nazi Economy. (New York: Penguin, 2007) Ch. 14, “The Grand Strategy of Racial War”, p. 461.Main Concepts/Ideas:Stalin and the Great Terror The Weimar Republic The effects of the Treaty of Versailles Benito Mussolini and the rise of Fascism ?in Italy The new Eastern European states: from ?Democracy to Totalitarianism The world economy Women in authoritarian regimes Anti-Semitism in Poland Expressionism ? Adolph Hitler and the Nazi state in Germany? The Failures of Appeasement?? Technology and the War?? The Home front in Britain and on the Continent?? The Holocaust ?? The Atlantic Charter, Potsdam, Yalta, and the agreements for a post-war EuropeUnit VIII: The Modern World: From Cold War to European Union (mostly)April – May We conclude our course with a look at the modern era from the end of the Second World War through the beginning of the twenty-first century. This is a fascinating period where Europe goes from being divided between East and West throughout most of the late-twentieth century with the threat of nuclear war hanging over its head to one of unification between former Soviet satellites and NATO members (literally in the case of East and West Germany), to disintegration and ethnic strife in the Balkan nations of the former Yugoslavia. Aside from the political strife of the period, there is tremendous change within many of the societies of Europe due to the impact of decolonization. This includes North African migration to France and Spain, Turkish workers migrating to Germany, and a general increase in the Muslim population of Europe as a whole. In the process a multi-cultural society is created that is challenging European's sense of themselves and what it means to be 'European'. Readings: Western Civilization: Ch. 28, pp. 886-894; 894-900; 900-907; 909-917; Ch. 29, pp. 921-925; 925-932; 932-937; 937-944; Ch. 30, pp. 947-957; 957-960; 962-966; 968-978Sources of The Making of the West, pp. 107-113; 115-121Other sources to be determined ? Main Concepts/Ideas:Origins of the Cold War Cold War conflicts on the continent Economic recovery in the West and the ?rise of the European Union Displacement of people Life in Eastern Europe Dismantling British and French colonial ?empires Charles de Gaulle and French assertions ?of power Post-Stalin USSR: Khrushchev & ?Brezhnev Youth movement of the 1960s ? Détente?? Collapse of the USSR?? Solidarity and other East European revolutions of 1989?? German reunification?? Postmodernism in the arts and literature ? Maastricht Treaty (a 'United States of Europe'?)?? Formation of the European Parliament ? Introduction of The Euro?? Multiculturalism: Immigration and the challenges to European self-image ................
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