Level 1 - Principles of Health and Safety



Award/Certificate/DiplomaLevel 1Subject TitleJanuary 2010XXXXxxDraft 2

Unit X: Principles of Health and Safety

Unit code: R/501/7260

QCF level: 1

Credit value: 6

Unit aim

This unit aims to introduce learners to principles of health and safety in the workplace, including potential hazards and risks, common safety signs, safe practices and protective equipment.

Unit introduction

Motor vehicle maintenance and repair is, by its nature, a hazardous occupation. Rates of dermatitis and skin disease among technicians in the UK motor vehicle maintenance and repair sector are up to seven times the average for UK workers. Those working in the sector are in daily contact with chemicals and flammable materials, electrical devices, heavy lifting equipment and moving vehicles. Slips and falls (for example into an inspection pit) are a common risk. There is also a real risk of potentially fatal accidents from working beneath incorrectly or inadequately secured vehicles. Safe working practices are therefore essential.

This unit will help learners to understand the importance of the fundamental principles of health, safety and welfare in the workplace and to know and define potential risks and hazards in a workshop. The unit builds a comprehensive knowledge of health and safety issues, practices and procedures that will underpin and enhance the specific motor vehicle safety practices and processes contained in the associated level 1 units T/502/1768: Planning and Organising for Vehicle Maintenance and Repair Tasks and A/502/1769: Carrying Out Vehicle Maintenance and Repair Operations.

On completion of this unit, learners will be able to identify risks and hazards, safety signs and firefighting equipment. Learners will also demonstrate a full understanding of safe working practices, including the use of PPE (personal protective equipment), legal obligations and the importance of first aid provision, emergency procedures and reporting accidents.

This unit is intended for learners considering a career in the motor vehicle maintenance and repair sector – a rapidly advancing technological sector and growth employer. The unit is suitable for learners with little or no prior experience of the motor vehicle industry and for those learners who have already achieved proficiency at Entry 3.

Learning outcomes and assessment criteria

In order to pass this unit, the evidence that the learner presents for assessment needs to demonstrate that they can meet all the learning outcomes for the unit. The assessment criteria determine the standard required to achieve the unit.

On completion of this unit a learner should:

|Learning outcomes |Assessment criteria |

|1 Understand the importance of health, safety and welfare in the|1.1 Describe what is meant by health and safety in the workplace|

|workplace |and explain why it is important |

| |1.2 Describe what is meant by ‘welfare provision at work’ |

| |1.3 Explain why personal hygiene is important |

| |1.4 Explain the responsibilities of employers and employees in |

| |relation to health and safety |

|2 Know potential hazards and risks in the workplace |2.1 Define the terms hazard, harm and risk |

| |2.2 Describe the harm that a range of health and safety hazards |

| |can cause |

| |2.3 Explain how workplace conditions can cause hazards |

|3 Know common safety signs found in the workplace |3.1 Identify the different safety signs and describe the hazards|

| |they indicate |

|4 Demonstrate an awareness of safe practices and protective |4.1 Describe fire and emergency procedures |

|equipment |4.2 Identify the different fire extinguishers and when they |

| |should be used |

| |4.3 Describe personal protective equipment and the protection it|

| |provides |

| |4.4 Explain why it is important to report accidents, ill health |

| |and other incidents |

| |4.5 Explain why first aid provision is important in the |

| |workplace |

Unit content

1 Understand the importance of health, safety and welfare in the workplace

Importance: importance of accident prevention and reducing risk eg maintaining a clean and uncluttered workplace; identifying and anticipating risk; risk of fatal hazards eg poorly maintained lifting equipment; risk of skin disease/dermatitis from handling chemicals and importance of personal hygiene in preventing this; risk of falls, trips and slipping hazards; importance of personal protective equipment (PPE) eg slip-resistant footwear, steel capped boots, eye protection, disposable gloves; risk from faulty or poorly maintained equipment eg unguarded drive belts on compressors; safe disposal of waste materials and components (fluids, filters, batteries, tyres); welfare provision regulations

Responsibilities of employers and employees: legal responsibilities eg Control of Substances Hazardous to Health (COSHH) Regulations, Reporting of Injuries, Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations (RIDDOR)

2 Know potential hazards and risks in the workplace

Risks, harm and hazards: definition of terminologies; risk in lifting of vehicles eg use of jacks, chocks, props, axle stands, lifting equipment; electrical hazards eg safe handling of batteries, ECUs, minimising risks by using low voltage tools where possible and avoiding trailing leads, importance of earthing equipment eg pressure washers; chemical risks and fire hazards eg handling and storing flammable materials; risk of skin disease/dermatitis, identification of materials hazardous to skin eg body fillers, sealants, oils, solvents, fuels; risk from tools and equipment eg safe use of basic engineering tools and hand tools, importance of cleaning and maintaining tools; securing common access equipment eg steps, ladders, ramps, lifting equipment

3 Know common safety signs found in the workplace

Common safety signs: know meaning of colour and shape of safety signage; identify common (red) prohibitory signs eg no smoking, no access; identify common (yellow) warning/danger signs eg toxic material, overhead load; identify common (blue) mandatory signs eg eye protection must be worn; identify common chemical hazard signs (orange) eg highly flammable, explosive, oxidising; know and identify (red) fire safety signs

4 Demonstrate an awareness of safe practices and protective equipment

Safe practices: emergency procedures eg evacuation, securing an accident site; importance and location of first aid equipment; accident and incident reporting; safety checks and maintenance of equipment; good practice in using equipment; importance of hygiene, ventilation and effective use of space in a workshop

Fire extinguishers: recognising types (and colours) of fire extinguisher eg water (red band), foam (cream band), dry powder (blue band), CO2 (black band), wet chemical (yellow band); recognising applications of fire extinguisher types eg combustible material fires, flammable liquids fires, electrical fires; consequences of incorrect selection of fire extinguishers

Protective equipment: use of personal protective equipment (PPE) eg overalls, eye protection, foot protection, disposable gloves; equipment to prevent chemical contamination

Essential guidance for tutors

Delivery

Given the paramount importance of health and safety within the motor vehicle maintenance and repair sector, it is essential that a thorough knowledge check is applied during delivery of this unit to ensure all learners have a full understanding of the unit content.

It is recommended that the unit is delivered and assessed before delivery of the accompanying practical and workshop-based units within this qualification. This will ensure that learners are able to demonstrate a full understanding of safety issues and safe working practices before any further hands-on assessments are conducted in a motor vehicle workshop. Furthermore, all necessary safety and risk assessments must be carried out before learners enter the workshop.

Delivery of this unit should stress the primary importance of health and safety as fundamental to good practice within the motor vehicle maintenance and repair sector, which is, by its nature, hazardous. Delivery should focus on developing an in-depth understanding of the importance of the role of health and safety in minimising and eliminating risks to customers, colleagues and the learner.

While it is possible to deliver this unit within a classroom environment, it is highly desirable, and strongly advised, to include practical demonstrations in a well-equipped and relevant workshop setting. Ideally, learners should have access to personal protective equipment (PPE), tools, equipment, materials and components under close supervision to reinforce principles and concepts through practical investigation, active participation and tutor-led demonstration.

The four learning outcomes in this unit are sequenced logically and it would be a reasonable approach to introduce them in the order listed. In this way, learners will begin by gaining a fundamental understanding of the importance of the concepts and principles underpinning health and safety practice and legislation before progressing towards demonstrating a sound practical awareness of safe working processes and procedures as required within a professional motor vehicle workshop environment.

Outline learning plan

The outline learning plan has been included in this unit as guidance.

|Topic and suggested assignments/activities |

|Understand the importance of health, safety and welfare in the workplace |

|Whole-class teaching |

|Describe methods of reducing risk to employees, customers and others in a motor vehicle workshop. Describe health and safety issues |

|and requirements in a motor vehicle workshop. Describe safe handling of hazardous and waste materials. Introduce and demonstrate use|

|of PPE. Distribution of PPE identification sheets and checklists. Tutor-led, whole-class discussion. Tour of motor vehicle workshop.|

|Individual learner activities |

|Investigation into health and safety issues relevant to a motor vehicle workshop using the internet and other sources. Learners may |

|produce a handout (or report) on health and safety in a motor vehicle workshop and a handout (or report) on PPE and its uses. |

|Learners give a presentation to their peers on these topics. |

|Know potential hazards and risks in the workplace |

|Whole-class teaching |

|Tutor-led tour of a motor vehicle workshop to identify potential risks and hazards. Identification of fire hazards and explanation |

|of the different types of fire and fire extinguisher. Explanation of the consequences of selecting the incorrect type of fire |

|extinguisher. Identification of chemical risks and hazardous materials. Demonstration of safe use, storage, cleaning and maintenance|

|of tools and equipment. Oral questioning of learners. |

|Individual learner activities |

|Learners produce reports (or essays) on risks/hazards in a motor vehicle workshop, use of PPE, fires and fire extinguishers. |

|Learners produce a plan of a workshop identifying risks and hazards – this may be set as a group activity. |

|Know common safety signs found in the workplace |

|Whole-class teaching |

|Video/film/presentation on this topic. Examples of safety signs shown (or identification sheets distributed) to learners. |

|Presentations by HSE personnel and/or experienced industry-based health and safety professionals would be advantageous. |

|Individual learner activities |

|Peer-led testing/questioning on signage using example signs or identification sheets. Learner presentations on significance of |

|different shapes and colours in safety signage and sign types. Role play (group activity) of a safety inspection at a workshop with |

|the emphasis placed on signage. |

|Demonstrate an awareness of safe practices and protective equipment |

|Whole-class teaching |

|Practical demonstration of the use of PPE in a motor vehicle workshop. Practical demonstration of safety checks in a motor vehicle |

|workshop. Identification of the location of first aid equipment. Describe process for securing an accident site, accident and |

|incident reporting and emergency evacuation procedures. Explain and demonstrate correct method of preparing a vehicle for |

|maintenance, isolating electrical systems and safe handling of vehicle components, tools and materials. |

|Individual learner activities |

|Practise and demonstrate the use of PPE and using tools and equipment safely under supervision in a motor vehicle workshop. |

|Knowledge check and unit assessment |

|Centre-devised written tests, essays and reports covering the unit content. Tutor assessment of centre-devised practical tests in a |

|motor vehicle workshop. Evidence of attainment for each learner to be included in the learner’s portfolio – evidence to include |

|observation records, witness statements, photographic evidence (where applicable) and marked and signed written work. Feedback to |

|learners and unit close. |

Assessment

While it is possible to integrate assessment of each of the criteria for this unit within the practical tasks and descriptive assignments carried out during delivery of associated units within this qualification, it is still necessary to conduct a thorough, separate knowledge check for all learners based on the unit content for this particular unit.

The assessment criteria within this unit may be assessed using a combination of written tests (for example multiple-choice) and descriptive written evidence (for example essays, reports) as well as oral questioning. Centres are free to devise tests and set practical assignments appropriate for level 1 learners and suitable for achievement of the four learning outcomes.

A portfolio of evidence generated from guided activities and practical assignments should be created for each learner as evidence of their achievement. Suitable evidence would include signed observation records and/or witness statements as well as written work that has been marked and signed by the tutor/assessor.

Assessment criteria 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 4.1, 4.3, 4.4 and 4.5 should be assessed through written descriptive evidence (for example essays, reports, detailed bullet point lists), marked and signed by the tutor/assessor and included in each learner’s portfolio.

Assessment criteria 3.1 and 4.2 should be assessed by means of a centre-devised test. This may take the form of a multiple-choice test.

Further guidance on the use of observation records and witness statements is available on the Edexcel website.

Essential resources

This is primarily a theory-based unit and it is therefore expected that centres will have suitable classroom facilities with appropriate resources (for example computers with internet access, textbooks, whiteboards) to deliver this unit effectively.

For those elements of the unit that would benefit from practical demonstration and assessment in a workshop, it is expected that centres will have access to a motor vehicle workshop equipped with appropriate vehicles, tools and equipment (including PPE). Centres should ensure that workshops have sufficient tools and equipment to support the size of cohort undertaking the unit. In addition, centres need to have the appropriate documentation systems (for example risk assessments, COSHH assessments) and control measures (for example COSHH storage facilities) in place to ensure good practice.

Indicative resource materials

Textbooks

Health and Safety Executive – Health and Safety In Motor Vehicle Repair (HSE Books, 2009) ISBN 9780717663088

Health and Safety Executive – A Step by Step Guide To COSHH Assessments (HSE Books, 2004) ISBN 9780717627851

Hillier, V and Coombes, P – Hillier’s Fundamentals of Motor Vehicle Technology – 6th edition (Nelson Thornes, 2011) ISBN 9781408515181

Stoakes G – Level 1 Principles of Light Vehicle Operations Candidate Handbook (Motor Vehicle Technologies) (Heinemann, 2011) ISBN 9780435048150

Websites

.uk – UK Health and Safety Executive

Other

Health and Safety Executive – Reducing Ill Health and Accidents In Motor Vehicle Repair (HSE leaflet, 2009) ISBN 9780717663767

Stoakes G – Level 1 Principles of Light Vehicle Operations Training Resource Disk (Motor Vehicle Technologies) CD Rom (Heinemann, 2011) ISBN 9780435048303

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