Bloom’s Taxonomy of Measurable Verbs - Utica College

[Pages:12]Bloom's Taxonomy of Measurable Verbs

Benjamin Bloom created a taxonomy of measurable verbs to help us describe and classify observable knowledge, skills, attitudes, behaviors and abilities. The theory is based upon the idea that there are levels of observable actions that indicate something is happening in the brain (cognitive activity.) By creating learning objectives using measurable verbs, you indicate explicitly what the student must do in order to demonstrate learning.

Verbs that demonstrate Critical Thinking

KNOWLEDGE List Name Recall Record Relate Repeat State Tell Underline

COMPREHENSION Compare Describe Discuss Explain Express Identify Recognize Restate Tell Translate

APPLICATION Apply Complete Construct Demonstrate Dramatize Employ Illustrate Interpret Operate Practice Schedule Sketch Use

ANALYSIS Analyze Appraise Categorize Compare Contrast Debate Diagram Differentiate Distinguish Examine Experiment Inspect Inventory Question Test

SYNTHESIS Arrange Assemble Collect Combine Comply Compose Construct Create Design Devise Formulate Manage Organize Plan Prepare Propose Setup

EVALUATION Appraise Argue Assess Choose Compare Conclude Estimate Evaluate Interpret Judge Justify Measure Rate Revise Score Select Support Value

Bloom's Taxonomy Action Verbs

Definitions

Bloom's Definition

Knowledge

Remember previously learned information.

Comprehension

Demonstrate an understanding of the facts.

Application

Analysis

Synthesis

Evaluation

Apply knowledge to actual situations.

Break down objects or ideas into simpler parts and find evidence to support generalizations.

Compile component ideas into a new whole or propose alternative solutions.

Make and defend judgments based on internal evidence or external criteria.

Verbs

? Arrange

? Classify

? Apply

? Analyze

? Arrange

? Appraise

? Define

? Convert

? Change

? Appraise

? Assemble ? Argue

? Describe ? Defend

? Choose

? Breakdown ? Categorize ? Assess

? Duplicate ? Describe

? Compute

? Calculate

? Collect

? Attach

? Identify

? Discuss

? Demonstrate ? Categorize ? Combine

? Choose

? Label

? Distinguish

? Discover

? Compare

? Comply

? Compare

? List

? Estimate

? Dramatize

? Contrast

? Compose ? Conclude

? Match

? Explain

? Employ

? Criticize

? Construct ? Contrast

? Memorize ? Express

? Illustrate

? Diagram

? Create

? Defend

? Name

? Extend

? Interpret

? Differentiate ? Design

? Describe

? Order

? Generalized

? Manipulate ? Discriminate ? Develop

? Discriminate

? Outline

? Give example(s) ? Modify

? Distinguish ? Devise

? Estimate

? Recognize ? Identify

? Operate

? Examine

? Explain

? Evaluate

? Relate

? Indicate

? Practice

? Experiment ? Formulate ? Explain

? Recall

? Infer

? Predict

? Identify

? Generate ? Judge

? Repeat

? Locate

? Prepare

? Illustrate

? Plan

? Justify

? Reproduce ? Paraphrase

? Produce

? Infer

? Prepare

? Interpret

? Select

? Predict

? Relate

? Model

? Rearrange ? Relate

? State

? Recognize

? Schedule

? Outline

? Reconstruct ? Predict

? Rewrite

? Show

? Point out

? Relate

? Rate

? Review

? Sketch

? Question

? Reorganize ? Select

? Select

? Solve

? Relate

? Revise

? Summarize

? Summarize

? Use

? Select

? Rewrite

? Support

? Translate

? Write

? Separate

? Set up

? Value

? Subdivide

? Summarize

? Test

? Synthesize

? Tell

? Write

Bloom's Taxonomy Verbs

Use verbs aligned to Bloom's Taxonomy to create discussion questions and lesson plans that ensure your students' thinking progresses to higher levels.

Knowledge

Count Define Describe Draw Enumerate Find Identify Label List Match Name Quote

Read Recall Recite Record Reproduce Select Sequence State Tell View Write

Apply

Act Administer Articulate Assess Change Chart Choose Collect Compute Construct Contribute Control Demonstrate Determine Develop Discover Dramatize Draw Establish Extend

Imitate Implement Interview Include Inform Instruct Paint Participate Predict Prepare Produce Provide Relate Report Select Show Solve Transfer Use Utilize

Comprehend

Classify

Conclude Convert Describe Discuss Estimate Explain Generalize Give examples Illustrate

Interpret Cite Locate Make sense of Paraphrase Predict Report Restate Review Summarize Trace Understand

Analyze

Break down Characterize Classify Compare Contrast Correlate Debate Deduce Diagram Differentiate Discriminate Distinguish Examine

Focus Illustrate Infer Limit Outline Point out Prioritize Recognize Research Relate Separate Subdivide

Synthesize

Adapt Anticipate Categorize Collaborate Combine Communicate Compare Compile Compose Construct Contrast Create Design Develop Devise Express Facilitate Formulate Generate Incorporate Individualize Initiate Integrate

Intervene Invent Make up Model Modify Negotiate Organize Perform Plan Pretend Produce Progress Propose Rearrange Reconstruct Reinforce Reorganize Revise Rewrite Structure Substitute Validate

Evaluate

Appraise Argue Assess Choose Compare & Contrast Conclude Criticize Critique Decide Defend Evaluate

Interpret Judge Justify Predict Prioritize Prove Rank Rate Reframe Select Support

Useful Verbs Tell List Describe Relate Locate Write Find State Name

Useful Verbs explain interpret outline discuss distinguish predict restate translate compare describe

Useful Verbs Solve Show Use Illustrate Construct Complete Examine Classify

Useful Verbs Analyze Distinguish

Knowledge

Sample Question Stems What happened after...? How many...? Who was it that...? Can you name the...? Describe what happened at...? Who spoke to...? Can you tell why...? Find the meaning of...? What is...? Which is true or false...?

Comprehension

Sample Question Stems Can you write in your own words...? Can you write a brief outline...? What do you think could of happened next...? What do you think...? Can you distinguish between...? What differences exist between...? Can you provide an example of what you mean...? Can you provide a definition for...?

Application

Sample Question Stems Do you know another instance where...? Could this have happened in...? Can you group by characteristics such as...? What factors would you change if...? Can you apply the method used to some experience of your own...? What questions would you ask of...? From the information given, can you develop a set of instructions about...? Would this information be useful if you had a ...?

Analysis

Sample Question Stems Which events could have happened...? How was this similar to...?

Examine Compare Contrast Investigate Categorize Identify Explain Separate

Useful Verbs Create Invent Compose Predict Plan Construct Design Propose Devise Formulate

Useful Verbs Judge Select Choose Decide Justify Debate Verify Argue Recommend Assess Discuss Rate Prioritize Determine

What was the underlying problem with...? What do you see as other possible outcomes? Why did ... changes occur? Can you compare your ... with that presented in...? Can you explain what must have happened when...? What are some of the problems of...? Can you distinguish between...? What was the problem with...?

Synthesis

Sample Question Stems Can you design a ... to ...? Can you see a possible solution to...? If you had access to all resources how would you deal with...? What would happen if...? How many ways can you...? Can you create new and unusual uses for...? Can you develop a proposal which would...?

Evaluation

Sample Question Stems Is there a better solution to... ? Judge the value of... ? Can you defend your position about...? Do you think ... is a good or a bad thing? How would you have handled...? What changes to ... would you recommend? Do you believe....? How effective are...? What do you think about...?

Bloom's Verbs And Matching Assessment Types

Events People Recordings Newspapers

Magazine articles

Television shows

Radio

Text readings

Films/video Plays Filmstrips

Select List Name

Define

Speech

Model

Photography

Conclusion

Diagram

Implication based on idea

Tape recording Drama Skit Cartoon Story

Graph Own statement

Match

Causal relationships Summary

Explain

Analog Outline Compare

Restate

Defend

Paraphrase

Distinguish

Rewrite

Summarize

Give example

Interrelate

Describe Memorize

Example Illustrate

Interpret Extend

Organize

Recognize

Generalize

Identify

Dramatize

Locate Recite

Comprehension

Prepare Produce

State Label

Choose Sketch

Apply Solve

Knowledge

Application

Show Paint

Map Project Forecast Diagram Illustration Paper that Follows an outline

Solution Question List Project Drama Painting Sculpture

Conclusion Self-evaluation Recommendation Valuing

Judge Relate Weigh

Court trial Survey Evaluation

Standard Compared Standard Established Group discussion

Criticize Support Evaluate Consider Critique Recommend Summarize Appraise Compare

Evaluation

Compose Originate Hypothesize Develop

Article Invention Report Set of rules Set of standards

Synthesis

Design Combine Role-play Construct Produce

Analysis

Plan Create Invent Organize

Compare Analyze Classify Point out

Infer Survey Select

Questionnaire Argument Parts of

propaganda Word defined

Distinguish

Categorize Differentiate Subdivide

Statement identified Conclusion checked Syllogism

broken down

Report Survey Graph

Game Song Machine Alternative course

of action

Experiment Play Book Formulation of

hypothesis Question

Source: The Tenth Annual Curriculum Mapping Institute: Snowbird Utah, July15-18, 2004 Adapted from Benjamin Bloom

Watch Out for Verbs that are not Measurable

In order for an objective to give maximum structure to instruction, it should be free of vague or ambiguous words or phrases. The following lists notoriously ambiguous words or phrases which should be avoided so that the intended outcome is concise and explicit.

WORDS TO AVOID

? Believe ? Hear ? Realize ? Capacity ? Intelligence ? Recognize ? Comprehend ? Know ? See ? Conceptualize ? Listen ? Self-Actualize ? Memorize ? Think ? Experience ? Perceive ? Understand ? Feel

PHRASES TO AVOID

Evidence a (n): To Become: To Reduce: ? Appreciation for ? Acquainted with ? Adjusted to ? Awareness of ? Capable of ? Comprehension of . ? Cognizant of ? Enjoyment of ? Conscious of ? Familiar with ? Interest in ? Interested in . ? Knowledge of ? Knowledgeable about . ? Understanding of

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